阅读说明：本技术 一种酱油发酵腐乳及其制备方法 (Soy sauce fermented bean curd and preparation method thereof ) 是由 钟小廷 刘迎涛 张任虎 吕杰 周煜栢 陈志伟 王新慧 于 2020-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种酱油发酵腐乳的制备方法,包括：大豆经浸泡、磨浆、煮浆、点浆、压榨得到白坯；将毛霉菌接种在白坯表面,培养,得到腐乳毛坯；将所述腐乳毛坯腌制,得到腐乳咸坯；将腐乳毛坯或腐乳咸坯装瓶、加入调配的汤汁,发酵,得到产品；所述汤汁包括灭菌后的发酵成熟的酱油。本发明利用酱油作为腐乳后发酵的汤料主体,其本身含有的丰富氨基酸、有机酸、糖类及风味物质,赋予了腐乳独特的风味；本发明得到的腐乳氨基酸态氮含量提高50％以上,谷氨酸含量提高56％以上,产品鲜香突出,色泽金黄,香气浓郁；本发明腐乳减少了酒精类原料的使用,不但缩短了发酵周期,解决了终产品的酒精味过重的问题,而且对产品的货架期未产生明显影响。(The invention provides a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, which comprises the following steps: soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank; inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank; pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank; bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization. According to the invention, soy sauce is used as a main soup base body for fermented bean curd, and the soy sauce contains abundant amino acids, organic acids, saccharides and flavor substances, so that the fermented bean curd has unique flavor; the content of amino acid nitrogen in the fermented bean curd obtained by the method is improved by more than 50%, the content of glutamic acid is improved by more than 56%, and the fermented bean curd is fresh, fragrant and outstanding, and is golden in color and luster and strong in fragrance; the fermented bean curd reduces the use of alcohol raw materials, shortens the fermentation period, solves the problem of heavy alcohol taste of the final product, and has no obvious influence on the shelf life of the product.)

1. A preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A) soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank;

B) inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank;

pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank;

C) bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the soaking time in the step A) is 6-18 h; the temperature for boiling the pulp is 95-105 ℃; the temperature of the curdling is 80-95 ℃; the squeezing time is 8-10 min.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the step B) of inoculating the mucor on the surface of the white blank is to spray a mucor suspension on the surface of the white blank; the concentration of the mucor in the mucor suspension is 10⁹Per mL;

the culture temperature is 16-26 ℃; the culture time is 24-40 h.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of said curing salt added in step B) is 16-18% by weight of the white blank; the pickling time is 48-72 h.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mature soy sauce obtained by fermentation in step C) is specifically: the soybean meal, the soybeans and the black beans are used as protein raw materials for brewing.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the amino acid nitrogen content of the fermented soy sauce in the broth of step C) is 0.8 to 1.3g/100 ml;

the sterilization is carried out at the temperature of 121-125 ℃ for 15-30 s.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the broth of step C) further comprises wine; the wine comprises yellow wine, Chinese liquor or edible alcohol; the content of wine in the soup is 0-5 wt%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the soup of step C) further comprises salt, and the content of the salt is 9-16 g/100 mL.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature in step C) is 25-35 ℃; the fermentation time is 30-60 days.

10. A soy sauce fermented bean curd, which is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foods, in particular to soy sauce fermented bean curd and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The bean product is rich in nutrition, does not contain cholesterol, and is an ideal source of high-quality protein. The fermented bean curd not only has the advantages of bean products, but also becomes a table food with delicious taste and rich nutrition due to the fermentation effect of microorganisms, and has good physiological health care function. The fermentation of the fermented bean curd is divided into early-stage fermentation and later-stage fermentation, and in the early-stage fermentation process, the process of culturing mucor to secrete various enzymes is mainly adopted; and the process of the later fermentation period is complex, and mainly forms the special color, fragrance and taste process of the fermented bean curd. The mucor type white fermented bean curd is one of the main fermented bean curd varieties in China, the white fermented bean curd is also called white formula, no colorant is added at the later stage of the pickling process, and the soup base is made of yellow wine, fermented glutinous rice, white spirit, edible alcohol and spices. The salt and the alcohol are indispensable in the post-fermentation process of the white fermented bean curd, the using amount of the salt and the alcohol is quite high, and the alcohol content in the soup reaches 8-12 degrees or even higher. Therefore, the fermentation period of the fermented bean curd is prolonged, and the finished fermented bean curd has too heavy alcohol taste when being eaten, so that the consumption experience is influenced.

With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, higher requirements are made on the quality of fermented bean curd products, such as flavor, characteristics, grade and the like. The method leads the fermented bean curd production enterprises to carry out deep research on the innovation of fermented bean curd process, multi-flavor, creation of characteristics and grade products, further improves the product quality, perfects the color variety and expands the consumer groups of the traditional fermented bean curd so as to seek survival and development in the fierce market competition.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, and the soy sauce fermented bean curd prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of high amino acid nitrogen content, outstanding fresh and fragrant flavor, golden color, strong fragrance and low alcohol content.

The invention provides a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, which comprises the following steps:

A) soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank;

B) inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank;

pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank;

C) bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization.

Preferably, the soaking time in the step A) is 6-18 h; the temperature for boiling the pulp is 95-105 ℃; the temperature of the curdling is 80-95 ℃; the squeezing time is 8-10 min.

Preferably, the mucor is inoculated on the surface of the white blank in the step B), specifically, mucor suspension is sprayed on the surface of the white blank; the concentration of the mucor in the mucor suspension is 10⁹one/mL.

The culture temperature is 16-26 ℃; the culture time is 24-40 h.

Preferably, the addition amount of the pickling salt in the step B) is 16-18% of the weight of the white blank; the pickling time is 48-72 h.

Preferably, the fermented soy sauce in the step C) is specifically: the soybean meal, the soybeans and the black beans are used as protein raw materials for brewing.

Preferably, the amino acid nitrogen content of the fermented and mature soy sauce in the soup in the step C) is 0.8-1.3 g/100 ml;

the sterilization is carried out at the temperature of 121-125 ℃ for 15-30 s.

Preferably, the soup in the step C) also comprises wine; the wine comprises yellow wine, Chinese liquor or edible alcohol; the content of wine in the soup is 0-5 wt%.

Preferably, the soup in the step C) also comprises salt, and the content of the salt is 9-16 g/100 mL.

Preferably, the fermentation temperature in the step C) is 25-35 ℃; the fermentation time is 30-60 days.

The invention provides soy sauce fermented bean curd which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of the technical schemes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, which comprises the following steps: A) soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank; B) inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank; pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank; C) bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization. The soy sauce produced by the traditional fermentation process is used as a soup base main body for fermented bean curd after fermentation, and the soy sauce contains rich amino acids, organic acids, saccharides and flavor substances, so that the fermented bean curd is endowed with unique flavor; compared with the fermented bean curd produced by the traditional process, the fermented bean curd obtained by the invention has the advantages that the content of amino acid nitrogen is increased by more than 50%, the content of glutamic acid is increased by more than 56%, the product is fresh and fragrant, the color is golden, and the aroma is strong; the production of the fermented bean curd reduces the use of alcohol raw materials, shortens the fermentation period, solves the problem of heavy alcohol taste of the final product, and has no obvious influence on the shelf life of the product. After the fermented bean curd produced by the invention is eaten, the soup can be used as soy sauce/sauce, and the full utilization of 100% of the product is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparison graph of fermented bean curd products.

Detailed Description

The invention provides soy sauce fermented bean curd and a preparation method thereof, and a person skilled in the art can realize the soy sauce fermented bean curd by properly improving process parameters by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The invention provides a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, which comprises the following steps:

A) soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank;

B) inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank;

pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank;

C) bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization.

The preparation method of the soy sauce fermented bean curd provided by the invention comprises the steps of soaking soybeans.

The soybeans are soaked in water, the soaking temperature is preferably 40-50 ℃, and the ratio of the soybeans to the water is preferably 1: 3-4.

The soaking time is preferably 6-18 h;

wherein the soaking time in winter is 12-18h, and the soaking time in summer is 6-8 h;

grinding the soybean milk after soaking, adding a certain amount of clear water according to a proportion, and grinding the soybean milk, wherein the concentration of the soybean milk is controlled to be 9 → 11 degrees Be.

Boiling the soybean milk: conveying the raw soybean milk into a continuous soybean milk boiler through a pipeline, continuously heating to 100 ℃, filtering with a filter cloth of 100 meshes-120 meshes after boiling, adding a 12 → 14 DEG Be curdling agent when the temperature is reduced to 80-95 ℃, and standing for 20-30 min.

Blank preparation: pouring the solidified tofu pudding into a wooden frame, pre-squeezing to remove most of water, and performing formal squeezing for 8-10 min; the formed whole blank block is processed by a blank cutting machine to obtain a bean curd blank with a certain specification;

after the white blank is obtained, the mucor is inoculated on the surface of the white blank, in particular to the mucor suspension is sprayed on the surface of the white blank; namely, the mucor is inoculated on the surface of the white blank. Early-stage fermentation: preparing into bacterial suspension (bacterial suspension concentration: 10)⁹Mucor per mL)Inoculating the bacteria onto the bean curd blank in an automatic spraying mode, wherein the spacing distance between the blank blocks is 1-2 cm; the temperature of the culture room is controlled at 16-26 ℃, and the culture time is 24-40 h; obtaining a blank.

The method selects the specific mucor as the inoculation bacteria, has good effect, and the obtained fermented bean curd has better taste.

The source of mucor in the present invention is not limited, and may be commercially available or cultured according to a method disclosed in the prior art.

And inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain the fermented bean curd blank.

According to the invention, the temperature of the culture is preferably 20-25 ℃; more preferably 21-24 ℃; the culture time is preferably 24-30 h; more preferably 25 to 29 hours.

The blank of the fermented bean curd can be directly bottled, and then the soup is prepared for subsequent operation. The pickling can be continued.

If the pickling is continued, the method comprises the following steps: and pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank.

The pickling specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the fermented bean curd blank into a pickling box, and spraying salt layer by layer to pickle.

Putting the fermented bean curd blank into a pickling box, and spraying salt layer by layer to pickle to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank;

the addition amount of the curing salt is preferably 16-18% of the weight of the white blank. (ii) a The pickling time is preferably 48-72 h; more preferably 50-70 h; most preferably 50-65 h.

Bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization.

And bottling the blank or salty blank of the preserved beancurd, wherein the specific operation and specification of the bottling are not limited by the invention and are well known to the person skilled in the art.

Adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the fermentation temperature is 25-35 ℃; the fermentation time is 30-60 days.

The fermentation is carried out at normal temperature and is ventilated, and the optimal fermentation temperature is 25-35 ℃; the fermentation time is preferably 30-60 d; more preferably 35 to 55 d.

The addition of the specific soup of the invention can shorten the fermentation time.

The soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization. The sterilization is carried out at the temperature of 121-125 ℃ for 15-30 s.

According to the invention, the fermented and mature soy sauce is specifically as follows: the soybean meal, the soybeans and the black beans are used as protein raw materials for brewing.

The fermentation method of the soy sauce is preferably as follows:

pretreatment of raw materials

The black soya bean/soybean is broken in the roll-type equipment of squeezing after screening edulcoration, and broken requirement is: crushing one black bean/soybean into 0-5 pieces; after crushing, carrying out water moistening operation according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1: 1.0-1.1, after screening and impurity removing, carrying out water moistening operation according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1: 1.0-1.2, wherein the water moistening temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the water moistening time is 8-10 min; the roasted wheat is crushed after being roasted, and the powder passing through a 30-mesh sieve is required to reach 30-60 percent.

Preparing yeast

Adopting an NK type cooking device, and steaming the crushed black beans/soybeans/bean pulp for 4-9min at the temperature of 128-130 ℃ and the pressure of 0.14-0.22 Mpa. Rapidly reducing pressure, cooling, adding pulverized parched semen Tritici Aestivi according to the ratio of semen Sojae Atricolor to parched semen Tritici Aestivi (6-9) to (4-1), adding 2-5% of Aspergillus oryzae, mixing, and transferring to a koji bed for ventilation and koji making. Controlling the temperature within the range of 24-28 ℃ and the humidity above 90% in the early stage of starter propagation; in the middle stage of starter propagation, controlling the temperature within 29-35 ℃ and properly supplementing water; in the later stage of starter propagation, controlling the temperature within the range of 24-28 ℃, and obtaining finished starter without a large amount of spore growth after 40-44 h.

Performing the fermentation

Preparing saline water according to the ratio of the synthetic yeast to the saline water of 1 to (1.6-2.3), and preparing the saline water by using the primary fermented crude oil, wherein the concentration of the saline water is required to be 19.0-23.0g/100ml, and the content of ammonia nitrogen in the saline water is required to be 0-0.50g/100 ml. Crushing the finished yeast by a yeast discharging auger, fully mixing the crushed finished yeast with saline water at 35-42 ℃ (adjusting the temperature according to seasons) to obtain soy sauce mash, and conveying the soy sauce mash into a dilute state fermentation tank for heat preservation and fermentation. Controlling the temperature at 30 +/-4 ℃ in the early fermentation stage, adding 0.2-0.4 per mill of lactic acid bacteria in the tank on the 7 th day, and adding 0.5-1.0 per mill of a mixed seed solution of zygosaccharomyces rouxii and torulopsis globosa (4: 1) when the pH value is reduced to 5.0-5.2; adding yeast into the mixture for fermentation for 60 days, controlling the temperature to be 30 +/-2 ℃, performing normal-temperature after-ripening fermentation after 60 days until the fermentation is finished, and controlling the fermentation period to be within 120-150 days.

Wherein the content of amino acid nitrogen in the fermented and mature soy sauce in the soup is 0.8-1.3 g/100 ml.

The content of amino acid nitrogen in the soy sauce added into the soup is 0.8-1.3 g/100ml, and if the content in the soy sauce crude oil obtained by fermentation is high, the soy sauce crude oil can be diluted to meet the content.

The soy sauce produced by the traditional fermentation process is used as a soup base main body for fermented bean curd after fermentation, and the soy sauce contains rich amino acids, organic acids, saccharides and flavor substances, so that the fermented bean curd has unique flavor.

Compared with the fermented bean curd produced by the traditional process, the fermented bean curd obtained by the invention has the advantages that the content of amino acid nitrogen is increased by more than 50%, the content of glutamic acid is increased by more than 56%, and the fermented bean curd is fresh, fragrant and outstanding in product, golden in color and luster and strong in fragrance.

The soup of the invention also comprises wine; the wine comprises yellow wine, Chinese liquor or edible alcohol; the content of wine in the soup is preferably 0-5 wt%; more preferably 0.1 to 4 wt%; most preferably 0.5 to 3 wt%.

The production of the fermented bean curd reduces the use of alcohol raw materials, shortens the fermentation period, solves the problem of heavy alcohol taste of the final product, and has no obvious influence on the shelf life of the product.

The soup also comprises salt, and the content of the salt is preferably 9-16 g/100 mL; more preferably 9 to 14g/100 mL.

If the salt meets the content, namely if the salted fermented bean curd salted blank is salted, the amount of the added salt is properly reduced.

The invention provides a preparation method of soy sauce fermented bean curd, which comprises the following steps: A) soaking soybean, grinding, boiling, curdling and squeezing to obtain white blank; B) inoculating mucor on the surface of the white blank, and culturing to obtain a fermented bean curd blank; pickling the fermented bean curd blank to obtain a salted fermented bean curd blank; C) bottling the fermented bean curd blank or the salted fermented bean curd blank, adding the blended soup, and fermenting to obtain a product; the soup comprises fermented mature soy sauce after sterilization. The soy sauce produced by the traditional fermentation process is used as a soup base main body for fermented bean curd after fermentation, and the soy sauce contains rich amino acids, organic acids, saccharides and flavor substances, so that the fermented bean curd is endowed with unique flavor; compared with the fermented bean curd produced by the traditional process, the fermented bean curd obtained by the invention has the advantages that the content of amino acid nitrogen is increased by more than 50%, the content of glutamic acid is increased by more than 56%, the product is fresh and fragrant, the color is golden, and the aroma is strong; the production of the fermented bean curd reduces the use of alcohol raw materials, shortens the fermentation period, solves the problem of heavy alcohol taste of the final product, and has no obvious influence on the shelf life of the product. After the fermented bean curd produced by the invention is eaten, the soup can be used as soy sauce/sauce, and the full utilization of 100% of the product is realized.

The physical and chemical indexes of the embodiments and the comparative examples of the invention are preferably detected by using a detection method specified in SB/T10170-2007 for the physical and chemical indexes of the fermented bean curd.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following describes a soy sauce fermented bean curd and a preparation method thereof in detail with reference to examples.