阅读说明：本技术 一种小麦秸秆纤维基防虫型烟用全降解地膜及其制造方法 (Wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 陈海涛 刘爽 宗浩 邢振雷 何昀阳 张颖 赵敏 尚会敏 韩永俊 李龙海 郎倩 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种小麦秸秆纤维基防虫型烟用全降解地膜及其制造方法,所述地膜由小麦秸秆纤维、烟草秸秆纤维、木质纤维、环境友好型功能助剂组成,采用纯机械方法制造。所述地膜物理机械性能可满足农作物有机(绿色)栽培机械化铺设作业要求,适合复杂机械化作业环境。所述地膜主要应用于烟草类等作物覆膜栽培,具有抑草、防虫、保墒、减肥、减药、调温等多重功效,提高烟草类等作物产量,在烟草类作物栽培生育期内完全降解还田,降解产物对土壤无污染,培肥地力,可持续改良土壤理化性状。所述小麦秸秆纤维基防虫型烟用全降解地膜具有广阔的应用前景。(A wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes is composed of wheat straw fibers, tobacco straw fibers, wood fibers and an environment-friendly functional auxiliary agent and is manufactured by a pure mechanical method. The physical and mechanical properties of the mulching film can meet the requirements of mechanized (green) cultivation and mechanized laying operation of crops, and the mulching film is suitable for complex mechanized operation environments. The mulching film is mainly applied to film mulching cultivation of crops such as tobacco and the like, has multiple effects of suppressing grasses, preventing insects, preserving soil moisture, losing weight, reducing pesticide, adjusting temperature and the like, improves the yield of the crops such as the tobacco and the like, is completely degraded and returned to the field in the growing period of the tobacco crops, has no pollution to soil due to degradation products, can be used for fertilizing soil, and can be used for continuously improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes has a wide application prospect.)

1. A wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes is characterized in that: the quantitative ratio of the mulching film is 60-80 g/m²The environment-friendly composite material is formed by mixing wheat straw fiber, tobacco straw fiber, wood fiber and an environment-friendly functional auxiliary agent, wherein the mass percent of the wheat straw fiber is 50-70%, the mass percent of the tobacco straw fiber is 5-10%, and the mass percent of the wood fiber is 10-40% according to absolute dry mass.

2. The wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: after mixing the wheat straw fiber, the tobacco straw fiber and the wood fiber according to the process parameter proportion, adding environment-friendly functional additives (a sizing agent and a reinforcing agent), wherein the addition amount of each functional additive is calculated according to the total mass of the wheat straw fiber, the tobacco straw fiber and the wood fiber: 0.7 to 1.7 percent of sizing agent and 1.2 to 2.0 percent of reinforcing agent.

3. The wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the dry tensile strength is more than or equal to 2.2kN/m, the wet tensile strength is more than or equal to 0.73kN/m, the burst strength is more than or equal to 100kPa, the tearing strength is more than or equal to 520mN, and the sizing degree is more than or equal to 80 s.

4. The manufacturing method of the wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for the cigarettes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:

1) pretreating wheat straws and tobacco straws serving as raw materials by using a kneading and cutting machine, soaking the pretreated wheat straws and tobacco straws in clean water at normal temperature to a saturated water-containing state, and preparing a wheat straw fiber raw material and a tobacco straw fiber raw material by using a straw fiber preparation machine through an extrusion blasting method, wherein no chemical reagent is added in the process;

2) pulping the wheat straw fiber and the tobacco straw fiber to 65-75 DEG SR by a pulping machine, uniformly mixing the wheat straw fiber and the tobacco straw fiber with the wood fiber with the pulping degree of 55-65 DEG SR according to the proportion of claim 1, diluting the auxiliary agent by more than 5 times by using water with the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of less than or equal to 300mg/L, pH and the value of 6.5-7.5, and adding the mixed slurry in front of a fan pump according to the sequence of the sizing agent and the reinforcing agent;

3) and (3) after uniformly mixing the auxiliary agent and the slurry, entering a papermaking system, squeezing and drying to form a mulching film, slitting, rewinding and packaging according to the planting agronomic requirements of crops such as tobacco and the like.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of straw resource utilization and degradable mulching films, in particular to a wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

Tobacco is an important economic crop in China, and the mulching cultivation has become a main planting mode of Chinese tobacco agricultural production due to the effects of soil moisture conservation, heat preservation and yield increase. However, the traditional plastic mulching film is difficult to degrade under natural conditions, and residual film seriously hinders the growth and development of crop roots and the water and fertilizer transport of soil, thereby causing serious white pollution. Meanwhile, the tobacco has various insect pests and great harm, and the insect pests of the tobacco are in an increasing trend along with the change of climatic environment, crop layout and cultivation system. At present, chemical prevention and control are the main means for preventing and controlling tobacco insect pests, and the pollution situation of tobacco products and agricultural environment is increasingly severe due to the long-term excessive application of chemical pesticides.

Wheat is one of staple food crops in China, a large amount of wheat straws are produced every year, and due to the fact that the scientific utilization method is deficient in technology, a large amount of wheat straws are accumulated in farmland and drainage ditches or are burnt, and serious resource waste and environmental pollution are caused. Meanwhile, a large amount of tobacco straws are also produced in the tobacco production process, and nicotine contained in the tobacco straws has the control effects of contact poisoning, fumigation, stomach toxicity and the like on pests.

Based on the situation, the invention provides a technical method for manufacturing the insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for the cigarettes by taking the wheat straw fiber, the tobacco straw fiber and the wood fiber as main raw materials and adding the functional auxiliary agent, the manufactured wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for the cigarettes can replace the traditional plastic mulching film, can realize fine returning of the wheat straw and the tobacco straw, has multiple effects of suppressing grasses, preventing insects, preserving soil moisture, losing weight, reducing pesticide, regulating temperature, improving soil fertility and the like, and has both economic, social and ecological benefits.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes is characterized in that: the quantitative ratio of the mulching film is 60-80 g/m²Is prepared by mixing wheat straw fiber, tobacco straw fiber and wood fiber, wherein the mass percentage of the wheat straw fiber is 50-70 percent and the tobacco straw is calculated by absolute dry mass5-10% of stalk fiber and 10-40% of wood fiber, mixing the wheat stalk fiber, the tobacco stalk fiber and the wood fiber according to the process parameter proportion, adding environment-friendly functional additives (sizing agent and reinforcing agent), wherein the functional additives account for the whole mass of the wheat stalk fiber, the tobacco stalk fiber and the wood fiber in the ratio: 0.7 to 1.7 percent of sizing agent and 1.2 to 2.0 percent of reinforcing agent. The dry tensile strength of the manufactured wheat straw fiber-based insect-proof type full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes is more than or equal to 2.2kN/m, the wet tensile strength is more than or equal to 0.73kN/m, the bursting strength is more than or equal to 100kPa, the tearing strength is more than or equal to 520mN, and the sizing degree is more than or equal to 80 s.

The manufacturing method of the mulching film is characterized in that:

1) the method comprises the steps of pretreating wheat straws and tobacco straws by a kneading and cutting machine, soaking the pretreated wheat straws and tobacco straws in clean water at normal temperature to a saturated water-containing state, and preparing wheat straw fibers and tobacco straw fiber raw materials by applying a straw fiber preparation machine through an extrusion blasting principle, wherein no chemical reagent is added in the process.

2) Pulping the wheat straw fiber and tobacco straw fiber raw materials to 65-75 DEG SR through a pulping machine, uniformly mixing the wheat straw fiber and tobacco straw fiber raw materials with the pulping degree of 55-65 DEG SR according to a process parameter ratio, diluting the functional auxiliary agent by more than 5 times with water with the COD of less than or equal to 300mg/L, pH and the value of 6.5-7.5, and adding the mixed slurry in front of a fan pump according to the sequence of the sizing agent and the reinforcing agent.

3) After being uniformly mixed with the slurry, the functional auxiliary agent is conveyed into a papermaking system, is pressed and dried to be manufactured into a mulching film original shape according to the quantitative requirements of technological parameters, and is cut, rewound and packaged according to the planting requirements of crops such as tobacco and the like.

The mulching film disclosed by the invention is composed of wheat straw fiber, tobacco straw fiber, wood fiber and an environment-friendly functional auxiliary agent, adopts a mechanical method in the whole production and manufacturing process, has multiple effects of suppressing grasses, preventing insects, preserving soil moisture, losing weight, reducing pesticide, adjusting temperature, fertilizing soil fertility and the like, is mainly applied to mulching cultivation of tobacco crops, can be completely degraded in the growth period of the crops, and can continuously improve the soil environment due to the fact that degradation products are free of pollution to the soil. The wheat straw fiber-based insect-prevention type full-degradable mulching film for the cigarettes has good physical and mechanical properties, can meet the requirement of mechanized (green) cultivation and pavement of tobacco crops, improves the yield of the tobacco crops, and improves the physical and chemical properties of soil.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow of a manufacturing process of a wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fully-degradable mulching film for wheat straw fiber-based insect-resistant cigarettes;

FIG. 3 shows the ridge-shaped relationship of the film;

the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. wheat straw fiber 2, tobacco straw fiber 3, wood fiber 4, functional assistant 5, mulching film 6, ridge height 7, ridge bottom width 8, ridge top width 9, pressed film ditch bottom width 10 and ridge spacing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings, and the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

According to the process flow shown in figure 1, wheat straws and tobacco straws which are harvested in the same year and have no mildew are taken, pretreated to the length of 10-15 cm by a kneading and cutting machine, and soaked in clean water at normal temperature to a saturated water-containing state. Then the wheat straw fiber raw material and the tobacco straw fiber raw material are prepared by applying a straw fiber preparation machine through an extrusion blasting principle, and no chemical reagent is added in the process.

The wheat straw fiber raw material and the tobacco straw fiber raw material are pulped to 70-degree SR by a pulping machine, the wood fiber is pulped to 65-degree SR by the pulping machine, and the wheat straw fiber raw material, the tobacco straw fiber raw material and the wood fiber raw material are fully mixed in a pulping pool according to the absolute dry mass, wherein the mass percent of the wheat straw fiber, the mass percent of the tobacco straw fiber and the mass percent of the wood fiber are 50%, 10% and 40%. The sizing agent and the reinforcing agent are respectively added according to the mass ratio of 0.7 percent to 1.5 percent of the oven dry stock, the auxiliary agent is diluted by 5 times by using water with the COD (chemical oxygen demand) less than or equal to 300mg/L, pH value of 6.5-7.5, and the mixed slurry is added in front of a fan pump according to the sequence of the sizing agent and the reinforcing agent. After the auxiliary agent and the slurry are uniformly mixed, the mixture is fed into a pressure sieve by a slurry flushing pump and then flows into a slurry box, is calendered and coiled after passing through a net part, a squeezing part and a drying part, and is then cut, rewound and packaged into a cylindrical mulching film according to the planting agronomic requirementsAnd (5) finishing. The manufactured wheat straw fiber-based insect-prevention type full-degradable mulching film for cigarettes is shown in figure 2, wherein wood fibers (3) play a skeleton role, wheat straw fibers (1) and tobacco straw fibers (2) are filled in gaps of the skeleton of the wood fibers (3), and functional additives (4) play roles in enhancing water resistance and dry-wet strength of the mulching film. The performance indexes are as follows: the quantitative determination was 70g/m²Dry tensile strength of 2.2kN/m, wet tensile strength of 0.80kN/m, burst strength of 105kPa, tear strength of 530mN, sizing degree of 86 s. As shown in figure 3, the size of the mulching film (5) is determined according to ridge height (6), ridge bottom width (7), ridge top width (8), film pressing ditch bottom width (9) and ridge distance (10), the mulching film (5) is tensioned, laid flat, attached to and covered on the ridge surface in windless and clear days, the two sides of the mulching film are pressed by soil, and the soil is pressed at a proper distance on the ridge top. And (3) timely planting tobacco seedlings after covering the mulching film, paying attention to the fact that the mulching film around the planting holes must be compacted and sealed, frequently checking the film covering condition, and timely compacting by using soil when the tobacco seedlings are blown open by wind. The tobacco covering cultivation test result shows that: the strength of the mulching film meets the requirement of mechanized operation; the effects of inhibiting grass, preserving soil moisture, losing weight, reducing pesticide, regulating temperature are excellent, and the insect prevention effect is obvious; the degradation induction period of the mulching film is about 45 +/-5 days, the mulching film is completely degraded and returned to the field in the tobacco growth period, the content of organic matters in the soil is improved, no residue and no pollution are caused, and the economic, social and ecological benefits are obvious.

The above description is only one example of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.