阅读说明：本技术 一种基于水资源高效利用的可储水式空心淤地坝 (Water-storable hollow check dam based on efficient utilization of water resources ) 是由 姚文艺 申震洲 韩玉峰 姚京威 肖培青 李斌斌 张弘 韩德强 张军 张攀 陈诚 于 2021-04-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于水资源高效利用的可储水式空心淤地坝,包括坝体,所述坝体的截面为梯形结构,所述坝体的内部开设有储水腔,所述坝体的一侧开设有若干个进水孔,所述进水孔与储水腔相连通,所述坝体远离储水腔的一侧开设有排水孔,所述排水孔的端与储水腔内壁的底部相连通；通过设置的空心坝拦水,又用储水腔储水,使不能利用或难利用的洪水能够有效利用,空心坝建设,尤如在山坡地旁边建了一个蓄水池,在一定程度上解决山坡地、林果地用水不足的问题,且泥沙含量较高的洪水不会进入储水腔的内部,而上层泥沙含量较低的清水则会流入储水腔的内部,可以方便后续人们的使用。(The invention discloses a water-storable hollow siltation dam based on efficient utilization of water resources, which comprises a dam body, wherein the cross section of the dam body is of a trapezoidal structure, a water storage cavity is formed in the dam body, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in one side of the dam body, the water inlet holes are communicated with the water storage cavity, a water drainage hole is formed in one side of the dam body, which is far away from the water storage cavity, and the end of the water drainage hole is communicated with the bottom of the inner wall of the water storage cavity; the water is blocked by the hollow dam which is arranged, the water is stored in the water storage cavity, flood which cannot be utilized or is difficult to utilize can be effectively utilized, the hollow dam is built, particularly, a reservoir is built beside a hillside land, the problem that the water is not enough in the hillside land and the forest fruit land is solved to a certain extent, the flood with higher silt content can not enter the inside of the water storage cavity, and the clean water with lower silt content at the upper layer can flow into the inside of the water storage cavity, so that the use of follow-up people can be facilitated.)

1. The utility model provides a but hollow check dam of water storage formula based on water resource high-efficient utilization, includes dam body (1), its characterized in that: the cross-section of the dam body (1) is of a trapezoid structure, a water storage cavity (3) is formed in the dam body (1), a plurality of water inlet holes (4) are formed in one side, facing the water, of the dam body (1) from top to bottom, the water inlet holes (4) are communicated with the water storage cavity (3), a water drain hole (6) is formed in the bottom of the other side of the back face of the dam body (1), the water drain hole (6) is communicated with the water storage cavity (3), an overhaul well (5) is formed in the top of the dam body (1), and the overhaul well (5) is communicated with the water storage cavity (3).

2. The hollow dam of claim 1 wherein: the water inlet holes (4) are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, the layers are arranged at intervals, each layer is provided with one or more water inlet holes, and the water inlet holes of each layer are positioned on the same horizontal line.

3. The hollow dam of claim 1 wherein: the water inlet (4) is arranged from the outer wall of the dam body (1) to the inner part of the water storage cavity (3) in a downward inclined mode.

4. The hollow dam of claim 1 wherein: a plurality of steps (12) are built on the outer wall of one side, close to the water inlet holes (4), of the dam body (1), each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step (12), and the steps (12) are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body (1).

5. The hollow dam of claim 1 wherein: and a valve (7) is arranged in each water inlet hole (4), and a valve (8) is arranged in each water outlet hole (6).

6. A water storage capacity calculation method of a water storage type hollow check dam based on efficient utilization of water resources is characterized by comprising the following steps: the hollow check dam is the hollow check dam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water storage volume of the hollow check dam is the volume of the internal water storage cavity, and the water storage volume of the hollow check dam is S ═ min (Q, V), wherein Q is the annual maximum water collection amount in a small flow area, and V is the average annual water consumption amount.

7. The method for calculating the water storage volume of a hollow dam according to claim 6, wherein: q ═ a ═ μ · Pi · COS β;

in the formula, Q-water collection amount (m)³) A- -effective water collection area (m)²)

The effective water collecting area specifically refers to the water collecting area in the watershed of the small watershed, and refers to the vertical projection area of the channel and the slope, namely the area capable of collecting rainwater,

mu- - -coefficient of assurance

The guarantee coefficient refers to probability coefficient in meteorology, and refers to 50-year-one or one-hundred-year-one rainstorm

Alpha-runoff coefficient

Pi-average annual precipitation (m)

Beta-grade of water collection surface

The weighted average gradient of different gradients in the small flow field can be the median of different gradients.

8. The method for calculating the water storage volume of a hollow dam according to claim 6, wherein:

V＝a*Wmax

v- -water consumption (m)³)

a- - - -volume coefficient, is 0.8

Wmax — maximum water usage for the average year.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a water-storage type hollow check dam based on efficient utilization of water resources.

Background

In northern arid mountainous areas, annual precipitation is mostly about 400mm or less, wherein more than 60% of precipitation is concentrated in crops or economic forest and grass in a rainstorm form for seven, eight and nine months with maximum water demand for growth and development, and more than 60% of rainstorm forms flood due to high intensity and short time, and the flood carries mud, wraps up sand and leaks. The slope crops and the forest and grass cannot be irrigated in time, so that the yield is reduced and even the crops wither; the upper stream of the spilled flood washes out farmlands, roads and villages, while the lower stream deposits in river channels and lifts river beds, which causes great loss. In order to prevent and control water and soil loss and increase cultivated land, governments in various places build a large number of siltation dams in trenches, and although the purposes of soil conservation, land increase and water and soil loss prevention are achieved primarily, development of water conservation and water utilization functions is blank, and only soil conservation and no water conservation are achieved. For the masses in arid mountainous areas with more land and less water, one more land and one less land are not enough, and a plurality of water sources can generate direct benefits.

The main mode for preventing and controlling water and soil loss and flood resource utilization in arid mountainous areas is channel treatment engineering, and is mainly a silt dam at present. Because the silt dam is higher in position, simple in structure and low in flood design standard, the water storage function is generally not considered, so that the water required for the growth and development of crops or forest fruits cannot be kept up after the flood season, the economic benefit of the silt dam is directly influenced, the enthusiasm of the masses for building and maintaining the silt dam is contused, and the agricultural development in the arid mountain area is very difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the water-storable hollow check dam based on the efficient utilization of water resources, and solves the problems that the traditional check dam is simple in structure, low in flood design standard, and only soil conservation and no water conservation are generally realized without considering the water storage function.

The utility model provides a but hollow check dam of water storage formula based on water resource high-efficient utilization, includes the dam body, and the cross-section of dam body is trapezium structure, and the water storage chamber has been seted up to the inside of dam body, and one side from the top down of the upstream face of dam body is equipped with a plurality of inlet opening, and the inlet opening is linked together with the water storage chamber, and the wash port has been seted up to the opposite side bottom of dam body surface of a poor water, and the wash port is linked together with the water storage chamber, and the top of dam body has been seted up the inspection shaft, and the inspection shaft is linked together with the water storage chamber.

The water inlet holes are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, the layers are arranged at intervals, each layer is provided with one or more water inlet holes, and the water inlet holes of each layer are positioned on the same horizontal line.

The water inlet is arranged from the outer wall of the dam body to the inner part of the water storage cavity in a downward inclined mode.

The outer wall of one side of the dam body, which is close to the water inlet holes, is built with a plurality of steps, each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step, and the steps are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body.

And a valve is arranged in each water inlet hole, and a valve is arranged in each water outlet hole 6.

A water storage volume calculation method of a water storage type hollow check dam based on efficient utilization of water resources is characterized in that the water storage volume of the hollow check dam is the volume of an internal water storage cavity, the water storage volume S of the hollow check dam is min (Q, V), wherein Q is the annual maximum water collection amount in a small flow area, and V is the average annual water consumption.

Q＝A*μ*α*Pi*COSβ；

In the formula, Q-water collection amount (m)³) A- -effective water collection area (m)²)

The effective water collecting area specifically refers to the water collecting area in the watershed of the small watershed, and refers to the vertical projection area of the channel and the slope, namely the area capable of collecting rainwater.

Mu- - -coefficient of assurance

The guarantee coefficient refers to probability coefficient in meteorology, and refers to 50-year-one or one-hundred-year-one rainstorm

Alpha-runoff coefficient

Pi-average annual precipitation (m)

Beta-grade of water collection surface

The weighted average gradient is different gradients in a small flow field, and can also be a median of the different gradients;

V＝a*Wmax

v- -water consumption (m)³)

a- - - -volume coefficient, is 0.8

Wmax — maximum water usage for the average year.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the hollow check dam body can block flood, and meanwhile, the water storage cavity in the hollow check dam can store clear water, so that the unavailable or difficult-to-utilize flood can be effectively utilized. The construction of the hollow check dam, especially the construction of a reservoir beside a hillside land, can effectively solve the problem of insufficient water consumption of the hillside land and the forest and fruit land to a certain extent and create favorable conditions for ecological civilized construction.

2. The step is built near each layer of inlet opening for the staff can conveniently operate the inlet opening and open or close, only clear water flows into the water storage cavity, and muddy water and silt are all blocked outside the dam body.

3. The inspection well is used for inspecting the water quality and the water quantity and inspecting the interior of the dam body when no water exists in the dam body, and the use is very convenient.

4. By calculating the water storage volume of the hollow check dam, the volume of a water storage cavity of the hollow check dam can be selected and built according to different terrains and channels, so that the hollow check dam is convenient to build, and rainfall resources are fully utilized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention in use;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at a in fig. 2 according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a hollow siltation dam capable of storing water based on efficient utilization of water resources comprises a dam body 1, wherein the cross section of the dam body 1 is of a trapezoidal structure, a water storage cavity 3 is formed in the dam body 1, a plurality of water inlet holes 4 are formed in one side of the upstream face of the dam body 1 from top to bottom, the water inlet holes 4 are communicated with the water storage cavity 3, a drain hole 6 is formed in the bottom of the other side of the back face of the dam body 1, the drain hole 6 is communicated with the water storage cavity 3, an overhaul well 5 is formed in the top of the dam body 1, and the overhaul well 5 is communicated with the water storage cavity 3.

In the embodiment, the water is blocked by the hollow dam and the water storage cavity 3 is used for storing water, so that the unavailable or difficult-to-utilize flood can be effectively utilized. The hollow dam is built, especially if a reservoir is built beside a hillside land, the problem of insufficient water consumption of the hillside land and the forest and fruit land can be effectively solved to a certain extent, and favorable conditions are created for ecological civilization construction.

The inspection well 5 is used for inspecting the water quality and the water quantity and inspecting the interior of the dam body 1 when no water exists in the dam body 1, and the use is very convenient.

The water inlet holes 4 are arranged in multiple layers from top to bottom, the layers are arranged at intervals, each layer is provided with one or more water inlet holes, and the water inlet holes of each layer are positioned on the same horizontal line.

The inlet opening 4 is the inside downward sloping setting of the outer wall to the water storage chamber 3 by the dam body 1, and the inlet opening 4 of slope makes things convenient for water to get into the inside in water storage chamber 3 along inlet opening 4.

A plurality of steps 12 are built on the outer wall of one side, close to the water inlet holes 4, of the dam body 1, each layer of water inlet holes corresponds to one step 12, and the steps 12 are laid along the width direction of the water-facing surface of the dam body 1. The arrangement of the step 12 facilitates the maintenance personnel to move up and down and left and right along the step to reach the position near any water inlet hole, and meanwhile, the maintenance is convenient.

All set up valve 7 in every inlet opening 4, the staff of hollow check dam is according to the clear degree of quality of water of naked eye observation, moves about from top to bottom along step 12, opens the valve 7 of the inlet opening of clear water layer for clear water flows in the water storage chamber 3. A valve 8 is arranged in the drain hole 6.

The valves 7 and 8 are manually controlled valves or simple plugs, as long as the prior art of opening or closing the water inlet hole can be satisfied.

The application also provides a water storage volume calculation method of the water-storable hollow check dam based on the efficient utilization of water resources, wherein the water storage volume of the hollow check dam is the volume of the internal water storage cavity, and the determination of the volume of the water storage cavity of the hollow dam requires to calculate the maximum water collection amount per year and calculate the average annual water consumption.

The water collection amount can be calculated according to the following formula:

Q＝A*μ*α*Pi*COSβ

in the formula, Q-water collection amount (m)³) A- -effective water collection area (m)²)

The effective water collecting area specifically refers to the water collecting area in the watershed of the small watershed, and refers to the vertical projection area of the channel and the slope, namely the area capable of collecting rainwater.

Mu- - -coefficient of assurance

The guarantee coefficient refers to probability coefficient in meteorology, and refers to 50-year-one or one-hundred-year-one rainstorm

Alpha-runoff coefficient

Pi-average annual precipitation (m)

Beta-grade of water collection surface

The weighted average gradient of different gradients in the small flow field can be the median of different gradients.

The average annual water usage can be calculated according to the following formula:

V＝a*Wmax

v- -water consumption (m)³)

a- - - -volume coefficient, is 0.8

Wmax — maximum water usage for the average year.

The water storage volume is the minimum value of Q and V, namely the volume of the water storage cavity of the hollow dam is obtained.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: the dam body 1 is used for the hollow silted dam to block water, the water is stored in the water storage cavity 3 in the dam, the inlet water is injected into the water storage cavity 3 through the water inlet hole 4 in the dam body 1, the water flows out from the water outlet hole 6 in a self-flowing mode through the fall, workers move along the step 12, the water quality clarity degree is observed according to the sediment content distribution in flood water, the water inlet hole of the clear water layer is opened manually, the clean water with lower sediment content in the upper layer can flow into the water storage cavity 3 along the water inlet hole 4, the flood water with higher sediment content can not enter the water storage cavity 3 along the water inlet hole 4, the water stored in the water storage cavity 3 is clean water, the use of follow-up people can be facilitated, the manhole 5 is used for checking the water quality, the water quantity and the interior of the dam body 1 when no water exists in the dam body 1.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.