Remotely operable sanitary switching valve and associated sanitary component
阅读说明:本技术 可远程操作的卫生转换阀以及所属的卫生结构组件 (Remotely operable sanitary switching valve and associated sanitary component ) 是由 B·迈尔 于 2019-03-07 设计创作,主要内容包括:为了改善卫生转换阀(1)的切换特性而建议,该转换阀(1)的阀活塞(6)被这样地构造,使得通过该转换阀(1)的阀入口(3)流入到该转换阀(1)的阀壳体(2)中的流体不仅在第一调节位置(7)中而且在第二调节位置(8)中都可以在所有侧绕流连接元件(12),该连接元件构成该阀活塞(6)的中间区段(参见图5)。为此规定,连接元件(12)的外直径(15)构造成小于阀活塞(6)的第二端部区段(14)的外直径(17),所述第二端部区段(14)布置在所述阀壳体(2)的第二阀出口(5)的区域中(参见图5)。(In order to improve the switching behavior of the sanitary switching valve (1), it is proposed that the valve piston (6) of the switching valve (1) be designed in such a way that the fluid flowing into the valve housing (2) of the switching valve (1) via the valve inlet (3) of the switching valve (1) can bypass a connecting element (12) which forms a central section of the valve piston (6) on all sides both in the first switching position (7) and in the second switching position (8) (see fig. 5). For this purpose, the outer diameter (15) of the connecting element (12) is configured to be smaller than the outer diameter (17) of a second end section (14) of the valve piston (6), which second end section (14) is arranged in the region of the second valve outlet (5) of the valve housing (2) (see fig. 5).)
1. Sanitary switching valve (1) having a valve housing (2) which is configured with a valve inlet (3), a first valve outlet (4) and a second valve outlet (5), and having a valve piston (6) which can be moved from a first switching position (7), in which a fluid which flows in through the valve inlet (3) can be conducted through the first valve outlet (4) along a first flow path (9), into a second switching position (8), in which the fluid can be conducted through the second valve outlet (5) along a second flow path (10), characterized in that the valve piston (6) has a connecting element (12) which connects a first end section (13) of the valve piston (6) in the region of the first valve outlet (4) with a second end section of the valve piston (6) in the region of the second valve outlet (5) (14) Connecting, wherein an outer diameter (15) of the connecting element (12) is smaller than an outer diameter (17) of the second end section (14).
2. Switching valve (1) according to claim 1, wherein the valve piston (6) can be switched from the first switching position (7) into the second switching position (8) by means of a fluid pressure acting on the valve inlet (3), preferably from the first switching position into the second switching position by means of a fluid pressure acting on the valve inlet as soon as the second flow path (10) is released.
3. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first end section (13) forms a valve seal (22) with the valve housing (2) in the region of the first valve outlet (4), preferably wherein the valve housing (2) is formed for this purpose as an annular sealing surface (41) and/or is formed such that the first valve outlet (4) is completely closed in the second setting position (8).
4. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second end section (14) is designed with a receiving space (23) into which a functional element (24) can be inserted or has been inserted, which functional element influences, in particular regulates, a fluid flow along the second flow path (10), in particular at least one elastic retaining claw (43) is provided, which retaining claw fixes the functional element (24) in the receiving space (23), preferably the at least one retaining claw (43) is held in a position, in which the functional element (24) is fixed, by means of a preferably elastic retaining ring (42).
5. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the preferably largest or average outer diameter (15) of the connecting element (12) is smaller than the outer diameter (16) of the first end section (13) and/or the inner diameter (46) of the valve housing (2) at the level of the valve inlet (3) is selected to be at least one and a half times, preferably at least two times, particularly preferably at least three times, the outer diameter (15) of the connecting element (12).
6. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the connecting element (12) is configured as a rod and/or as a piston rod, preferably made of solid material, and/or wherein the connecting element is at least partially rotationally symmetrical and/or wherein the connecting element (12) is arranged centrally with respect to the valve housing (2) and/or spaced apart from an inner wall (36) of the valve housing (2).
7. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve piston (6) is formed with a first impact surface (27) at the level of a first transition region (25) from the connecting element (12) to the first end section (13) and/or with a second impact surface (28) at the level of a second transition region (26) from the connecting element (12) to the second end section (14), preferably wherein the two impact surfaces (27, 28) each transition directly into the connecting element (12) and/or are formed rotationally symmetrically with respect to the connecting element (12) and/or wherein the second impact surface (28) maintains a distance from an inner wall (36) of the valve housing (2) in the second switching position (8).
8. Switching valve (1) according to claim 7, wherein preferably in the second impact surface (28) at least one through-flow opening (37), preferably at least three through-flow openings (37), through which the second flow path (10) extends, in particular into a receiving chamber (23), is configured, preferably the functional element (24) is arranged downstream of the at least one through-flow opening (37) in the direction of the second flow path (10), and/or an active surface (40) comprising the second impact surface (28) is configured to be larger than an active surface (39) comprising the first impact surface (27), preferably larger than one and a half times, preferably two times, particularly preferably three times, the active surface comprising the first impact surface.
9. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a fluid chamber (18) is formed between the valve housing (2) and the connecting element (12), preferably annularly surrounds the connecting element (12), in particular the valve inlet (3) opens into the fluid chamber (18) and/or opens in such a way that a fluid flowing into the fluid chamber (18) through the valve inlet (3) can flow around the outer surface (19) of the connecting element (12), preferably on all sides.
10. Switching valve (1) according to claim 9, wherein the fluid chamber (18) decreases from the valve inlet (3) in the direction of the first end section (13), preferably and expands in the direction of the second end section (14), in particular expands such that a second flow cross section (21) of the fluid chamber (18) in the second transition region (26) is greater than a first flow cross section (20) of the fluid chamber (18) in the region of the first end section (13).
11. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first active surface (39) of the valve piston (6) is configured to be smaller than the second active surface (40) of the valve piston (6), preferably smaller than 1.5 times, half or third of the second active surface of the valve piston, which first active surface generates a surface force pulling the valve piston (6) in the direction of the first adjusting position (7) when a fluid pressure acts on the valve inlet (3), and which second active surface generates a surface force pulling the valve piston (6) in the direction of the second adjusting position (8) when a fluid pressure acts on the valve inlet (3).
12. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a preferably rotationally symmetrical dead space (31) is formed between the valve housing (2) and the second end section (14) of the valve piston (6), through which the fluid flowing in through the valve inlet (3) can flow, but cannot flow, preferably the valve piston (6) generates a further impact surface (44) for the fluid, in particular by means of a seal, preferably a lip seal (30), which preferably surrounds the valve piston (6).
13. Switching valve (1) according to claim 12, wherein the valve piston is guided in the valve housing (2) by means of the seal, preferably a lip seal (30), preferably a sealing lip (38) of the lip seal (30) pointing in the direction of the first valve outlet (4), preferably the second impact surface (28) of the valve piston (6) and not the lip seal (30) delimits the movement of the valve piston (6) into the first switching position (7).
14. Switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the valve inlet (3) is arranged between the first valve outlet (4) and the second valve outlet (5) and/or is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the housing (3) at the level of the connecting element (12), and/or the length (44) of the connecting element (12) is selected such that a fluid flowing in through the valve inlet (3) can flow around the connecting element in both the first adjustment position (7) and the second adjustment position (8).
15. Sanitary structural assembly (32) with a first fluid outlet (33), a second fluid outlet (34) and a switching valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims, preferably, the valve housing (2) is inserted into a housing (47) of the structural component (32), such that the first flow path (9) extends through the first fluid outlet (33), and the second flow path (10) extends through a second fluid outlet (34) of the structural assembly, and/or a discharge valve (35), which can be actuated, for example, manually, is provided on the second fluid outlet (34) and with which the second flow path can be released, so that the switching valve (1) is switched from the first switching position (7) into the second switching position (8) as soon as a fluid pressure is exerted on the valve inlet (3).
16. Sanitary structural assembly (32) according to claim 15, characterised in that the changeover valve (1) in its position of use is arranged in a sealed manner inaccessible from the outside and/or can be changed over by a pressure change in the second fluid outlet (34).
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sanitary changeover valve which can be operated in particular remotely, and to an associated sanitary fitting.
Background
The switching valve has a valve housing, which is configured with a valve inlet, a first valve outlet and a second valve outlet, and a valve piston, which is movable from a first switching position into a second switching position. Fluid flowing in through the valve inlet may be directed through the first valve outlet along the first flow path in the first adjustment position. In the second regulation position, the fluid may be directed along the second flow path through the second valve outlet. By switching the switching valve, fluid, i.e. in particular liquid, is therefore guided, preferably through the valve housing, either along the first flow path or along the second flow path.
Such switching valves are known in advance in the prior art, for example from DE 102015002885 a 1. However, when using such valves, it was found that switching from the first to the second regulating position, in particular in the low pressure range, can be unreliable. A typical problem that arises here is that the valve piston is set into vibration or rotation during the switching, in particular when only a small fluid pressure is acting, as a result of which the switching behavior is adversely affected. In particular, this can lead to undesirable noise generation or to the conversion taking place only incompletely.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a switching valve as described at the outset which overcomes these disadvantages and ensures reliable switching behavior, in particular in the case of low fluid pressures at the valve inlet.
In order to solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided in the switching valve according to the invention. In order to solve this problem, it is therefore proposed according to the invention, in particular in a switching valve of the type mentioned at the outset, that the valve piston has a connecting element which connects a first end section of the valve piston in the region of the first valve outlet to a second end section of the valve piston in the region of the second valve outlet, wherein the preferably largest outer diameter of the connecting element is smaller than, for example, the largest, average or smallest outer diameter of the second end section.
According to the invention, the connecting element transmits the tensile force from the first end section to the second end section of the valve piston and vice versa. Thus, the force generated by the fluid pressure on the face in the region of the respective end section of the valve piston can be used to switch the switching valve from the first position into the second position (and vice versa).
Due to the specific geometry of the valve piston according to the invention, a particularly reliable switching from the first switching position to the second switching position can be achieved in this case, since a very large amount of fluid can flow through the switching valve during the switching in comparison with known switching valves. Due to the resulting large moments, large forces can be generated by the fluid flow, which can be used for the conversion. In this case, the fluid flowing into the valve housing via the valve inlet flows along the connecting element which together forms the valve piston either in the direction of the first valve outlet or in the direction of the second valve outlet, depending on which of the two flow paths is selected.
According to the invention, this object is also achieved by further advantageous embodiments of the dependent claims.
According to a specific embodiment, the valve piston can be transferred from the first setting position to the second setting position, in particular by means of a fluid pressure acting on the valve inlet. For this purpose, the valve piston is preferably mounted in a translatorily displaceable manner inside the valve housing, for example by means of a lip seal (see below).
Preferably, the changeover is possible as soon as the second flow path is released, in particular in a section connected to the second valve outlet. The release can be effected, for example, by a discharge valve arranged downstream with respect to the second valve outlet, which can be arranged, in particular, remote from the switching valve, being opened manually by the user. It is thus possible that the switching valve according to the invention can be switched remotely, for example by actuating the outlet valve just described.
Preferably, the first end section of the valve piston forms a valve seal with the valve housing in the region of the first valve outlet. In this case, the valve housing can be designed for this purpose as an annular sealing surface, as a result of which a particularly reliable seal can be achieved.
Preferably, the valve seal is at least partially open in the first adjustment position. In the first setting position, the fluid entering through the valve inlet can then flow past the valve seal and out of the first valve outlet. The flow can in particular generate a force that holds the valve piston in the first actuating position or pulls the valve piston into the first actuating position.
Independently of this, the first valve outlet is preferably completely closed in the second setting position.
In contrast, the second end section of the valve piston can form a receiving space into which the functional element can be inserted or has been inserted.
Preferably, the functional element influences, e.g. regulates, the fluid flow along the second flow path. The functional element may thus be, for example, a throughflow throttle, a throughflow regulator or a check valve or a backflow preventer. These elements regulate the flow of fluid through the functional element in accordance with the fluid pressure acting on the functional element.
In order to ensure the correct function of the functional element, it can be provided, in particular, that at least one elastic retaining claw is provided, which secures the functional element in the receiving space. In this case, it is preferred that at least one retaining claw is held in position for fixing the functional element by means of a retaining ring. The retaining ring can be configured elastically, for example as an O-ring.
For a reliable switching of the switching valve, it is particularly advantageous if the outer diameter of the connecting element is also smaller than the outer diameter of the first end section. The outer diameter of the connecting element can be, for example, the smallest, average or largest outer diameter. The outer diameter of the first end section can here be, for example, the smallest, average or largest outer diameter.
In addition or alternatively, it can also be provided that the inner diameter of the valve housing at the valve inlet level is selected to be at least 1.5 times, twice or even three times as large as the outer diameter of the connecting element.
All these solutions can result in a fluid flow which is advantageous when switching the valve; in particular, a larger fluid volume can be used during the switching operation, and, as will be explained in more detail below, a particularly large impact surface can be formed on the valve piston, which is advantageous for a reliable switching operation.
The connecting element can be designed, for example, in the form of a rod, in particular such that it offers the least possible flow resistance.
The connecting element may alternatively or additionally be designed as a piston rod, preferably a piston rod made of solid material. Alternatively or additionally, the connecting element is at least partially rotationally symmetrically configured. Furthermore, the connecting element can also be constructed, for example, in the form of a straight tube. In all these cases, it is generally advantageous for simple production if the connecting element is constructed integrally with the valve piston. The connecting element may alternatively or in other regions have a non-circular, for example star-shaped, polygonal or oval, cross section.
In addition, independently of this, it is advantageous for the most smooth possible fluid flow in the valve housing for the connecting element to be arranged centrally with respect to the valve housing and/or at a distance from the inner wall of the valve housing.
In order to maximize the forces that can be used for the switching, it is advantageous to form a collision surface on the valve piston. If fluid pressure acts on such a face, the face transmits the force to the valve piston, which may be used to switch the valve.
Thus, for example, according to a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the valve piston forms a first impact surface at the level of a first transition region from the connecting element to the first end section. In addition or alternatively thereto, the valve piston can also form a second impact surface at the level of a second transition region from the connecting element to the second end section.
Preferably, the two impact surfaces each merge directly into the connecting element. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the two impact surfaces are designed rotationally symmetrical with respect to the connecting element.
It is particularly advantageous if, in the second setting position, the second impact surface maintains a distance from the inner wall of the valve housing. Since in this case a part of the fluid flow can be diverted into the dead space, as will be explained in more detail below.
A further advantageous embodiment provides that at least one through-flow opening, preferably however at least three through-flow openings, through which the second flow path extends, in particular into the receiving space, for example as mentioned above, are formed. Preferably, the through-flow opening opens here into a receiving space which receives the functional element.
In a preferred embodiment, the at least one through-flow opening is formed in the second impact surface.
It is furthermore preferred that the functional element is arranged downstream of the at least one through-flow opening in the direction of the second flow path, i.e. for example downstream of the second impingement surface. The second flow path can therefore be simply directed onto the functional unit. Alternatively or additionally, it is thereby simply possible for the flow resistance of the functional unit to contribute to the effective active surface together with the second impact surface.
Furthermore, it can also be provided that the through-flow openings are distributed uniformly in the second impact surface. Since a uniform flow through the functional element can thereby be ensured.
Independently of this, it is furthermore advantageous if the second impact surface or the second active surface comprising the second impact surface is designed to be larger than the first impact surface or the first active surface comprising the first impact surface, preferably larger than 1.5 times, twice or even three times the first impact surface or the first active surface comprising the first impact surface. Since a particularly reliable change from the first to the second adjustment position can be achieved by this configuration. Since in this case the force generated by the fluid pressure in the direction of the second adjustment position is much greater than the force in the direction of the first adjustment position.
A fluid chamber can be formed between the valve housing and the connecting element. The fluid chamber preferably surrounds the connecting element in an annular manner. Here, the valve inlet can open into the fluid chamber.
Additionally or alternatively, the fluid chamber can be designed such that fluid flowing into the fluid chamber through the valve inlet can preferably bypass the outer surface of the flow connection element on all sides. This is because a particularly advantageous flow behavior of the fluid is thereby produced, so that in particular a rotation of the valve piston is avoided.
According to another possible embodiment of the switching valve, the fluid chamber tapers from the valve inlet in the direction of the first end section. In this case, it is preferred that the fluid chamber additionally widens in the direction of the second end section.
In particular, this embodiment makes it possible to achieve that the second flow cross section of the fluid chamber in the second transition region is greater than the first flow cross section of the fluid chamber in the region of the first end section. The conversion behavior can be further optimized by these features, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
According to a further embodiment, the switching behavior of the switching valve can be improved in particular in that the first contact surface of the valve piston is designed to be smaller than the second contact surface of the valve piston, preferably smaller than 1.5, one-half or one-third of the second contact surface, the first contact surface generating a surface force which pulls the valve piston in the direction of the first actuating position when the fluid pressure acts on the valve inlet, and the second contact surface generating a surface force which pulls the valve piston in the direction of the second actuating position when the fluid pressure acts on the valve inlet. The first active surface may in this case comprise the first impact surface already mentioned, and/or the second active surface may in this case comprise the second impact surface already mentioned and/or a further impact surface, as described in particular below. In general, the respective active surfaces can be characterized, for example, as respective hydraulically active surfaces which cause a pressure-induced displacement of the piston.
According to yet another embodiment, the switching behavior can be optimized by: a preferably rotationally symmetrical dead space is formed between the valve housing and the second end section of the valve piston. Fluid flowing in through the valve inlet, while able to flow into the dead space, is unable to flow through the dead space. In this case, it is advantageous if an additional impact surface is provided, which provides an additional shifting force for shifting from the first adjustment position to the second adjustment position. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the valve piston generates such a further impact surface for the fluid, in particular by means of a seal which preferably surrounds the valve piston. The seal can be configured, for example, as a lip seal. It is advantageous here that the frictional resistance is small. Alternatively, the seal can also be configured as an O-ring, an X-ring or an annular groove of any cross-sectional shape.
The above-mentioned seals, in particular lip seals, can be used in particular for guiding the valve piston. It can therefore also be provided that the valve piston is guided in the valve housing, preferably in a translatory manner, by means of a lip seal. It is particularly advantageous here if the sealing lip of the lip seal points in the direction of the first valve outlet. Since in this case the applied fluid pressure can contribute to the sealing of the valve piston, since the fluid pressure presses the sealing lip against the inner wall of the valve housing. In order to avoid damage to the sealing lip, it is preferred here, for example, for the second impact surface of the valve piston, rather than the lip seal, to delimit the movement of the valve piston into the first setting position. The lip seal may also be installed in the opposite orientation, for example to provide a bypass for high pressure.
For a compact design of the switching valve, it is furthermore considered to be advantageous if the valve inlet is arranged between the first valve outlet and the second valve outlet. In addition or alternatively, it can also be provided that the valve inlet is formed in the outer circumferential surface of the housing at the level of the connecting element.
According to a further embodiment, it is furthermore advantageous if the length of the connecting element, in particular in the direction of the switching movement of the valve piston, is selected such that fluid flowing in through the valve inlet can bypass the connecting element both in the first and in the second setting position.
In order to solve the object according to the invention, a sanitary arrangement is furthermore provided, which has a first fluid outlet, a second fluid outlet and a switching valve, which can be designed as described above and/or in particular according to any of the claims for a switching valve.
Preferably, the valve housing of the switching valve is inserted into the housing of the sanitary component assembly in such a way that the first flow path extends through the first fluid outlet and the second flow path extends through the second fluid outlet of the component assembly. In addition, it may additionally or alternatively be provided that a manually actuable outlet valve is provided on the second fluid outlet, via which outlet valve the second flow path can be released, so that the changeover valve is changed from the first setting position into the second setting position as soon as fluid pressure acts on the valve inlet.
For example, one application of the invention can provide that the switching valve, in its position of use, is arranged in the sanitary component in a sealed manner so as to be inaccessible from the outside and/or can be switched by a pressure change in the second fluid outlet. Additional mechanical or electrical or other actuation means can therefore be dispensed with. This may reduce design costs and/or manufacturing costs.
The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Further embodiments are obtained by combining features of individual or several claims with one another and/or with individual or several features of the respective embodiments. The construction of the invention will thus be derived, inter alia, from the following description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the general description, the claims and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Showing:
fig. 1 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of a switching valve according to the invention, which is inserted into a sanitary structural assembly, with the valve piston in a first switching position,
fig. 2 shows the changeover valve of fig. 1, with the valve piston in the second changeover position,
figure 3 shows an exploded view of the changeover valve according to the invention of figure 1,
figure 4 shows the changeover valve of figure 1 in an isometric view,
figure 5 shows the changeover valve of figure 1 in an isometric view including a partial longitudinal section,
fig. 6 shows a first example of application of a switching valve according to the invention, which is in a first switching position,
fig. 7 shows the same application example of fig. 6, wherein the switching valve is now in the second switching position,
fig. 8 shows a second example of application of the switching valve according to the invention, which is in a first switching position,
fig. 9 shows the same application example of fig. 8, wherein the switching valve is now in the second switching position,
fig. 10 shows another example of application of the changeover valve according to the invention, which is in the first changeover position,
fig. 11 shows the same application example of fig. 10, with the switching valve now in the second switching position.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows the installation of a switching valve 1 according to the invention in a
In the first setting position 7, fluid flowing through the
The
The two
The
The
If fluid pressure acts on the
If the
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1, a sealing O-
In contrast, as can be seen well in fig. 2, the
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the
In order to reliably ensure this functionality, the
The individual components of the switching valve 1 according to the invention are visible in the exploded view of fig. 3. In particular, the switching valve 1 is constructed such that it can be assembled by simple mutual insertion of all components.
In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the connecting
Furthermore, the
The
As indicated by the
At the level of the
Starting from the
The
In other embodiments, the
As can be seen clearly from fig. 2, the fluid quantity flowing into the (variable)
In order to allow fluid to flow from the
As can also be seen clearly in fig. 1, the
The valve inlet 3 (which is arranged in the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2 between the
As shown in fig. 2, the
The
In order to be able to switch stably from the first adjusting position 7 into the
Fig. 6 to 11 finally show three different applications in which the switching valve 1 according to the invention can be used to advantage. In this case, the switching valve 1 is installed in the
If the switching valve 1 is in the first switching position 7, as shown in fig. 6, 8 and 10, the fluid can flow through the
By opening the
This results in the situation shown in fig. 2, in which the
The
In summary, in order to improve the switching behavior of the sanitary switching valve 1, it is proposed in particular that the
List of reference numerals
1 switching valve
2 valve housing
3 valve inlet
4 first valve outlet
5 second valve outlet
6-valve piston
7 first adjustment position
8 second adjustment position
9 first flow path
10 second flow path
11 (of 10)
12 connecting element
13 (6) first end section
14 (of 6) second end section
15 (of 12) outer diameter
16 (of 13) outer diameter
17 (of 14) outer diameter
18 fluid chamber
19 (of 12) outer surface
20 first flow cross section
21 second flow cross section
22 valve seal
23 accommodating cavity
24 functional element
25 first transition region
26 second transition region
27 first collision surface
28 second collision surface
29O-ring
30 lip seal
31 dead space
32 structural component
33 (of 32) first fluid outlet
34 (of 32) second fluid outlet
35 discharge valve
36 (of 2)
37 through-flow opening
38 (30) sealing lip
39 first action surface
40 second action surface
41 sealing surface
42 retaining ring
43 holding claw
44 collision surface
45 (12) length
46 (of 3) inner diameter
47 (32) casing
48 (of 12) longitudinal axis
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