阅读说明：本技术 一种核应急浮潜标放射性监测系统及监测方法 (Nuclear emergency floating and submerged buoy radioactivity monitoring system and monitoring method ) 是由 张金钊 李红志 王磊 李春芳 于 2020-07-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及海洋核应急技术领域,尤其涉及一种核应急浮潜标放射性监测系统,包括由筒体以及安装在筒体两端的上端盖和下端盖形成的水密舱,在所述筒体内部安装有同蓄电池电连接的控制器、放射性核素探测器、减速电机、柱塞泵,所述柱塞泵通过减速电机驱动,所述放射性核素探测器、减速电机和柱塞泵均通过控制电路与控制器连接,所述柱塞泵出出油口通过软管连接在下端盖上安装的油嘴上,所述油嘴贯穿下端盖,与位于水密舱外部的皮囊连接,并在油嘴与上端盖之间设置有密封,通过柱塞泵向皮囊内泵入或泵出油液,从而实现整体装置下潜或上浮,实现海洋放射性剖面的无人自主测量。(The invention relates to the technical field of marine nuclear emergency, in particular to a nuclear emergency floating and diving buoy radioactivity monitoring system, which comprises a watertight cabin formed by a cylinder body, an upper end cover and a lower end cover which are arranged at the two ends of the cylinder body, a controller, a radionuclide detector, a speed reducing motor and a plunger pump which are electrically connected with the storage battery are arranged in the cylinder body, the plunger pump is driven by a speed reducing motor, the radionuclide detector, the speed reducing motor and the plunger pump are all connected with a controller by a control circuit, the oil outlet of the plunger pump is connected with an oil nozzle arranged on the lower end cover through a hose, the oil nozzle penetrates through the lower end cover, is connected with a leather bag positioned outside the watertight cabin, a seal is arranged between the oil nozzle and the upper end cover, oil is pumped into or out of the leather bag through a plunger pump, therefore, the integral device can submerge or float upwards, and unmanned autonomous measurement of the ocean radioactive section is realized.)

1. The utility model provides a nuclear emergency floating buoy radioactivity monitoring system which characterized in that: comprises a watertight cabin formed by a cylinder body (1), an upper end cover (3) and a lower end cover (2) which are arranged at the two ends of the cylinder body (1), a controller (8) electrically connected with a storage battery (6), a radionuclide detector (11), a speed reducing motor (7) and a plunger pump (9) are arranged in the cylinder body (1), the plunger pump (9) is driven by a speed reducing motor (7), the radionuclide detector (11), the speed reducing motor (7) and the plunger pump (9) are all connected with a controller (8) by a control circuit, an oil outlet of the plunger pump (9) is connected with an oil nozzle (10) arranged on the lower end cover (2) through a hose, the oil nozzle (10) penetrates through the lower end cover (2), is connected with a leather bag (4) positioned outside the watertight cabin, a seal is arranged between the oil nozzle (10) and the upper end cover (3), and the upper end cover (3) is provided with a communication antenna.

2. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: barrel (1) inside still installs single track counter (13), multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) and geiger miller counter (14), single track counter (13), multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) and geiger miller counter (14) are connected with battery (6) electricity to be connected with controller (8) through control circuit.

3. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: leather bag (4) adopt two-chamber leather bag, and glib (10) are connected with one of them cavity of two-chamber leather bag, and another cavity of ware two-chamber leather bag is connected with air cock (17) that runs through lower extreme cover (2), air cock (17) are located the inside one end in watertight cabin and pass through the trachea and are connected with air pump (15), and install the three-way valve on the trachea, one of them valve port and the inside air contact in watertight cabin of three-way valve.

4. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: storage battery (6), controller (8), air pump (15), plunger pump (9), gear motor (7), radionuclide detector (11), single track counter (13), multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) and geiger miller counter (14) all install on mounting panel (18), install two T type guide slots (19) on mounting panel (18), correspond just install two T type guide rails (23) on the length direction of barrel (1) in barrel (1), its mounting panel (18) are installed on T type guide rail (23) through T type guide slot (19), and stop device (16) that prevent mounting panel (18) along T type guide rail (23) length direction removal are installed to the both ends of T type guide rail (23).

5. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system of claim 4, wherein: stop device (16) are including limiting plate (22), and limiting plate (22) are fixed in the end position of T type guide rail (23) through bolt (21) to adjusting bolt (20) are installed at the both ends of limiting plate (22), adjusting bolt (20) run through limiting plate (22) and with limiting plate (22) screw-thread fit, the end of T type guide slot (19) is hugged closely to the head of adjusting bolt (20).

6. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the upper end cover (3) is provided with a temperature and salt depth sensor (5), a detection head of the temperature and salt depth sensor (5) penetrates through the upper end cover (3) to be located outside the watertight cabin, and a seal is arranged between the temperature and salt depth sensor (5) and the upper end cover (3).

7. The nuclear emergency buoy radioactivity monitoring system as claimed in claim, wherein: the radionuclide detector (11) can adopt, but is not limited to, a NaI detector, a plastic scintillator detector, CeBr₃Detector, LaBr₃One of the detectors.

8. A radioactivity monitoring method for a nuclear emergency floating buoy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: the nuclear emergency floating and submerged buoy radioactivity detection system is thrown into a relevant sea area, the leather bag (4) is in a contraction state, a single-channel counter (13) is controlled to be started through a controller (8) and used for monitoring the dosage rate of the position where the radionuclide detector (11) is located, and the nuclear emergency floating and submerged buoy radioactivity detection system is submerged to a designated position;

step 2: when a single-channel counter (13) continuously monitors the dose rate of the position where the radionuclide detector (11) is located, and the detected dose rate exceeds 3 times of standard deviation, a controller (8) starts a multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) and closes the single-channel counter (13);

and step 3: the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) collects energy spectrums, dose rates are obtained by adopting G (x) function conversion, meanwhile, each energy spectrum is calculated by taking 1.4MeV as a boundary line, spectrum data smaller than 1.4MeV and spectrum data higher than 1.4MeV are integrated, and the areas are S respectively₁And S₂，S₁/S₂setting a threshold value, when η is less than or equal to the eta, closing the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer (12) through the controller (8), converting the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer into a single-channel counter (13), when η is less than or equal to the eta, continuing energy spectrum measurement through the detector, and when the dose rate exceeds 80 mu SV (or the threshold value set in advance), closing the high voltage of the single-channel counter (13) and the radionuclide detector (11) through the controller (8), automatically switching to the Geiger Miller counter (14), and expanding the range;

and 4, step 4: and (3) repeating the steps (2) to (3), when the controller (8) detects that the electric quantity in the storage battery (6) is lower than 10% of the total electric quantity, the plunger pump (9) is driven to work through the speed reducing motor (7), and the leather bag (4) expands after being filled with oil, so that the nuclear emergency floating buoy radioactivity detection system floats upwards to realize recovery.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear emergency, in particular to a nuclear emergency floating and diving buoy radioactivity monitoring system

And a monitoring method.

Background

Experience of nuclear power operation in international and domestic countries shows that nuclear power is a safe and efficient energy source, but the nuclear technology is a double-edged sword which cannot be ignored while the nuclear power is vigorously developed. The development and utilization of nuclear power bring great economic benefits and social benefits to the society, but also generate a large amount of nuclear waste and potential nuclear accident risks.

Along with the large-scale construction and use of coastal nuclear power stations in China, the influence of nuclear facility operation, nuclear waste generation and daily discharge on marine environment has to be considered, and along with the large-scale service of nuclear power icebreakers, marine floating nuclear power stations and other nuclear power facilities in China and abroad, the efficiency of marine nuclear accidents is increased, so that the marine environment is polluted by setting up submergence or directly accessing a large amount of waste into the sea, and therefore, a radionuclide detection system capable of realizing automatic floating or submergence is necessary to be provided, and unmanned automatic measurement of marine profiles is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a radioactivity monitoring system of a nuclear emergency floating and submerging buoy, which can realize automatic floating and submerging of a radionuclide monitoring system and unmanned automatic measurement of an ocean profile.

A nuclear emergency floating buoy radioactivity monitoring system comprises a watertight cabin formed by a barrel, an upper end cover and a lower end cover which are installed at two ends of the barrel, a controller, a radionuclide detector, a speed reducing motor and a plunger pump which are electrically connected with a storage battery are installed inside the barrel, the plunger pump is driven by the speed reducing motor, the radionuclide detector, the speed reducing motor and the plunger pump are all connected with the controller through a control circuit, an oil outlet of the plunger pump is connected with an oil nozzle installed on the lower end cover through a hose, the oil nozzle penetrates through the lower end cover and is connected with a leather bag located outside the watertight cabin, a seal is arranged between the oil nozzle and the upper end cover, a communication antenna is installed on the upper end cover, oil is pumped into or out of the leather bag through the plunger pump, and therefore the whole device is submerged or floated and then communicates with the outside through the communication antenna, remote control is realized.

Further, the inside single track counter, multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer and the geiger miller counter of still installing of barrel, single track counter, multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer and geiger miller counter are connected with the battery electricity to be connected with the controller through control circuit.

Furthermore, the leather bag adopts two-chamber leather bag, and the glib talker is connected with one of them cavity of two-chamber leather bag, and another cavity of ware two-chamber leather bag is connected with the air cock that runs through the lower end cover, the air cock is located the inside one end in watertight cabin and is passed through the trachea and be connected with the air pump, and install the three-way valve on the trachea, one of them valve port and the inside air contact in watertight cabin of three-way valve. When on the water surface, the inside of the watertight cabin is pumped into a vacuum state by the air pump, negative pressure is formed outwards, and the phenomenon of leakage of the device when the water surface is at low pressure is effectively prevented.

Further, battery, controller, air pump, plunger pump, gear motor, radionuclide detector, single track counter, multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer and geiger miller counter are all installed on the mounting panel, install two T type guide slots on the mounting panel, correspond two T type guide rails are installed in the barrel and on the length direction of barrel, and its mounting panel passes through T type guide slot and installs on T type guide rail, and the stop device who prevents the mounting panel from removing along T type guide rail length direction is installed at the both ends of T type guide rail.

Preferably, the limiting device comprises a limiting plate, the limiting plate is fixed at the end position of the T-shaped guide rail through a bolt, adjusting bolts are installed at two ends of the limiting plate, the adjusting bolts penetrate through the limiting plate and are in threaded fit with the limiting plate, and the head of each adjusting bolt is tightly attached to the end of the T-shaped guide groove, so that installation limiting is achieved.

Furthermore, a temperature and salt depth sensor is installed on the upper end cover, a detection head of the temperature and salt depth sensor penetrates through the upper end cover and is located outside the watertight cabin, and a seal is arranged between the temperature and salt depth sensor and the upper end cover.

The seals described herein above may be cross-sectional seals or circumferential seals.

A radioactivity monitoring method for a nuclear emergency floating buoy comprises the following steps:

step 1: the nuclear emergency floating and submerged buoy radioactivity detection system is thrown into a relevant sea area, the skin sac is in a contraction state, a single-channel counter is controlled to be started through a controller and used for monitoring the position dosage rate of a radioactive nuclide detector, and the nuclear emergency floating and submerged buoy radioactivity detection system is submerged to a designated position;

step 2: when the single-channel counter continuously monitors the position dosage rate of the radionuclide detector, and the detected dosage rate exceeds 3 times of standard deviation, the controller starts the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer and closes the single-channel counter;

and step 3: the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer is used for energy spectrum acquisition, the dose rate is obtained by adopting G (x) function conversion, meanwhile, each energy spectrum is calculated by taking 1.4MeV as a boundary line, the spectrum data smaller than 1.4MeV and higher than 1.4MeV are integrated, and the areas are S respectively₁And S₂，S₁/S₂when η is less than or equal to η, the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer is closed by the controller, the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer is converted into a single-channel counter, when η is less than or equal to η, the detector continues to perform energy spectrum measurement, when the dose rate exceeds 80 mu SV (or the threshold value is set in advance), the single-channel counter and the radionuclide detector high voltage are closed by the controller, the geiger miller counter is automatically switched to, and the extended range is achieved.

And 4, step 4: and (3) repeating the steps 2 to 3, and when the controller detects that the electric quantity in the storage battery is lower than 10% of the total electric quantity, driving the plunger pump to work through the speed reducing motor, and expanding the leather bag after oil injection, so that the nuclear emergency floating and diving buoy radioactivity detection system floats upwards to realize recovery.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention realizes the monitoring of radioactive nuclides in the sea area by installing the radionuclide detector in the watertight cabin, and realizes the automatic submergence and floatation of the device of the invention by the plunger pump.

2. And this device only uses the single track counter when initial detection stage, switches to radionuclide detector or multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer or Geiger Miller counter after the dose rate exceeds certain range to make this device's power consumption reduce, and then increased this device's time of endurance.

3. The storage battery, the controller, the air pump, the plunger pump, the reducing motor, the radionuclide detector, the single-channel counter, the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer and the Geiger Miller counter are all arranged on the mounting plate, the T-shaped guide groove is arranged on the mounting plate, the T-shaped guide rail is arranged on the barrel body, the T-shaped guide groove and the T-shaped guide rail are matched with each other, and the mounting plate is prevented from moving along the length direction of the T-shaped guide rail through the limiting device, so that the storage battery, the controller, the air pump, the plunger pump, the reducing motor, the radionuclide detector, the single-channel counter, the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer and the Geiger Miller counter are fixed, the relevant equipment can be integrally pulled out only by disassembling the limiting device after the upper end cover and the lower end cover are opened, and the design is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of the position limiting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the mating relationship between the T-shaped channel and the T-shaped rail;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall external structure of the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. a barrel; 2. a lower end cover; 3. an upper end cover; 4. a skin pocket; 5. a warm salt depth sensor; 6. a storage battery; 7. a reduction motor; 8. a controller; 9. a plunger pump; 10. a nozzle tip; 11. a radionuclide detector; 12. a multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer; 13. a single-pass counter; 14. a Geiger Miller counter; 15. an air pump; 16. a limiting device; 17. an air tap; 18. mounting a plate; a T-shaped guide groove; 20. adjusting the bolt; 21. a bolt; 22. a limiting plate; a T-shaped rail.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 for describing the preferred embodiment of the invention in detail, the radioactivity monitoring system of the nuclear emergency floating buoy comprises a watertight chamber formed by a cylinder 1, an upper end cover 3 and a lower end cover 2 which are arranged at two ends of the cylinder 1, a controller 8 which is electrically connected with a storage battery 6, a radionuclide detector 11, a speed reducing motor 7 and a plunger pump 9 are arranged in the cylinder 1, the plunger pump 9 is driven by the speed reducing motor 7, the radionuclide detector 11, the speed reducing motor 7 and the plunger pump 9 are all connected with the controller 8 through a control circuit, an oil outlet of the plunger pump 9 is connected with an oil nozzle 10 which is arranged on the lower end cover 2 through a hose, the oil nozzle 10 penetrates through the lower end cover 2 and is connected with a leather bag 4 which is positioned outside the watertight chamber, a seal is arranged between the oil nozzle 10 and the upper end cover 3, oil is pumped into or pumped out of the leather bag 4 through the plunger pump 9, and the upper end cover 3 is provided with a communication antenna, and the communication antenna is communicated with the outside, so that the remote control speed reducing motor 7 can drive the plunger pump 9 to move, and the floating or submerging of the whole device is realized.

Further, a single-channel counter 13, a multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 and a Geiger Miller counter 14 are further mounted inside the cylinder 1, and the single-channel counter 13, the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 and the Geiger Miller counter 14 are electrically connected with the storage battery 6 and are connected with the controller 8 through a control circuit.

Radionuclide detector 11 floating-following diving markAfter the placement is finished, the radionuclide detector 11 only starts a single-channel counter 13 for measuring the dose rate at the position of the radionuclide detector 11, when the dose rate changes and exceeds 3 times of standard deviation, a multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 is started, the single-channel counter 13 is closed, the radionuclide detector 11 carries out energy spectrum acquisition, the dose rate is obtained by G (x) function conversion, meanwhile, each energy spectrum is calculated by taking a 1.4MeV boundary as a boundary, spectrum data smaller than 1.4MeV and higher than 1.4MeV are integrated, and the areas are S₁And S₂，S₁/S₂when η is less than or equal to η, the radionuclide detector 11 stops energy spectrum acquisition and closes the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12, the single-channel counter 13 is switched to, when η is less than or equal to η, the detector continues energy spectrum measurement, when the dose rate exceeds 80 mu SV (or a threshold value set in advance), the radionuclide detector 11 closes the single-channel counter 13 and the high voltage of the detector, the single-channel counter 13 and the high voltage of the detector are automatically switched to the Geigemiler counter 14 to achieve range expansion, only the single-channel counter 13 is used in the initial detection stage, and when the dose rate exceeds a certain range, the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 or the Geigemiler counter 14 are switched to the gamma radiation detector or the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer, so that the power consumption of the device is reduced.

Further, the leather bag 4 adopts a double-cavity leather bag, the oil nozzle 10 is connected with one cavity of the double-cavity leather bag, the other cavity of the double-cavity leather bag is connected with an air nozzle 17 penetrating through the lower end cover 2, one end of the air nozzle 17, which is positioned inside the watertight cabin, is connected with the air pump 15 through an air pipe, and a three-way valve is installed on the air pipe, and one valve port of the three-way valve is in air contact with the inside of the watertight cabin. When the device is on the water surface, the inside of the watertight cabin is vacuumized by the air pump 15 to form negative pressure to the outside, so that the leakage phenomenon of the device when the water surface is low-pressure is effectively prevented.

Further, battery 6, controller 8, air pump 15, plunger pump 9, gear motor 7, radionuclide detector 11, single track counter 13, multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 and geiger miller counter 14 all install on mounting panel 18, install two T type guide slots 19 on the mounting panel 18, correspond in the barrel 1 and install two T type guide rails 23 along the length direction of barrel 1, its mounting panel 18 passes through T type guide slot 19 and installs on T type guide rail 23, and stop device 16 that prevents mounting panel 18 along the upward removal of T type guide rail 23 length direction is installed at the both ends of T type guide rail 23.

Preferably, the limiting device 16 comprises a limiting plate 22, the limiting plate 22 is fixed at the end of the T-shaped guide rail 23 through a bolt 21, adjusting bolts 20 are installed at two ends of the limiting plate 22, the adjusting bolts 20 penetrate through the limiting plate 22 and are in threaded fit with the limiting plate 22, and the head of each adjusting bolt 20 is tightly attached to the end of the T-shaped guide groove 19, so that installation limiting is achieved.

Furthermore, a temperature and salt depth sensor 5 is mounted on the upper end cover 3, a detection head of the temperature and salt depth sensor 5 penetrates through the upper end cover 3 and is located outside the watertight cabin, and a seal is arranged between the temperature and salt depth sensor 5 and the upper end cover 3.

The seals described herein above may be circumferential seals.

The radionuclide detector 11 can be, but is not limited to, a NaI detector, a plastic scintillator detector, CeBr₃Detector, LaBr₃One of the detectors.

The barrel 1, the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 2 are mutually assembled to form the watertight cabin, so that an O-shaped sealing ring structure is inevitably required to be installed between the barrel 1 and the upper end cover 3, and an O-shaped sealing ring structure is also required to be installed between the barrel 1 and the lower end cover, wherein the O-shaped sealing ring structure is a technical means which is usually adopted by technical personnel in the field for setting the watertight cabin.

The communication antenna is not shown in the drawings and a person skilled in the art can still implement the invention according to the technical information given in the text of the invention.

A radioactivity monitoring method for a nuclear emergency floating buoy comprises the following steps:

step 1: the nuclear emergency floating and submersible buoy radioactivity detection system is put into a relevant sea area, the skin sac 4 is in a contraction state, the controller 8 controls the single-channel counter 13 to be started, the single-channel counter is used for monitoring the dose rate of the position where the radionuclide detector 11 is located, and the nuclear emergency floating and submersible buoy radioactivity detection system is submerged to a designated position;

step 2: when the single-channel counter 13 continuously monitors the position dosage rate of the radionuclide detector 11, and the detected dosage rate exceeds 3 times of standard deviation, the controller 8 starts the multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 and closes the single-channel counter 13;

and step 3: the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 collects energy spectrums, dose rates are obtained by G (x) function conversion, meanwhile, each energy spectrum is calculated by taking 1.4MeV as a boundary line, spectrum data smaller than 1.4MeV and spectrum data higher than 1.4MeV are integrated, and the areas are S respectively₁And S₂，S₁/S₂setting a threshold value, when the eta is less than or equal to η, closing the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer 12 through the controller 8, converting the multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer into a single-channel counter 13, when the eta is less than or equal to η, continuing energy spectrum measurement by the detector, and when the dose rate exceeds 80 mu SV (or the threshold value is set in advance), closing the high voltage of the single-channel counter 13 and the radionuclide detector 11 through the controller 8, automatically switching to the Geiger Miller counter 14, and playing a role in expanding the range;

and 4, step 4: and (3) repeating the steps 2 to 3, when the controller 8 detects that the electric quantity in the storage battery 6 is lower than 10% of the total electric quantity, the plunger pump 9 is driven to work through the speed reducing motor 7, and the leather bag 4 expands after being filled with oil, so that the nuclear emergency floating buoy radioactivity detection system floats upwards to realize recovery.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.