阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质燃烧炉的高效燃烧方法 (Efficient combustion method of biomass combustion furnace ) 是由 郭祥 于 2020-04-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生物质燃烧炉的高效燃烧方法,涉及生物质燃烧炉相关技术领域,包括七个步骤,采用旋转炉排,使燃料在炉排上停留的时间较长,预热充分热强度很高,进而使得本发明中的燃烧炉可以处理部分办公垃圾和生活垃圾。本发明通过采用连续气化连续燃烧,将生物质燃料送入燃烧设备炉膛内,生物质燃料在上部受热下部补风的情况下,一边连续将生物质中的挥发分以及受热气化的可燃气体析出,在可燃气体析出上升的过程中与空气混合被点燃,释放热量,而热量又进一步干燥炉排上的生物质燃料,使得生物质燃料中的固定碳进一步着火燃烧,因此燃料的燃烧发热具有连续性无延迟的特点,并且燃烧效率非常高,并且没有明显黑烟的产生。(The invention discloses a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace, which relates to the related technical field of biomass combustion furnaces and comprises seven steps. According to the invention, the biomass fuel is sent into the hearth of the combustion equipment by adopting continuous gasification and continuous combustion, under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out, the biomass fuel is mixed with air and ignited in the process of separation and rising of the combustible gas, heat is released, and the heat further dries the biomass fuel on the grate, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, therefore, the combustion heating of the fuel has the characteristic of continuity without delay, the combustion efficiency is very high, and no obvious black smoke is generated.)

1. A high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the biomass fuel into powder by a crusher, and sieving the powder by a sieve of 20-30 meshes;

step two: then starting a blower on the combustion furnace, and sending outside air into the combustion furnace through an air inlet by the blower;

step three: then leading the powdery biomass fuel into the combustion furnace through a feed hopper on the combustion furnace, and uniformly spraying the biomass fuel into the combustion furnace by a material spreading fan on the feed hopper;

step four: starting a driving motor at the bottom of the combustion furnace, driving the fire grate to rotate by the driving motor through a gear rotating mechanism, enabling the biomass fuel to uniformly fall on the fire grate, then igniting the biomass fuel, enabling the biomass fuel to be combusted in the combustion furnace, and enabling the initial combustion temperature to be 300 ℃;

step five: under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, the combustion temperature reaches 400-500 ℃, and volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out;

step six: the separated gas rises in the furnace body and then contacts with air blown in by the spreading fan, the air uniformly disturbs, mixes and combusts the flame and combustible gas generated at the upper part, the heat generated by combustion further dries the biomass fuel on the grate, so that the fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, and the combustion temperature reaches 600-650 ℃;

step seven: the burning flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet on the burning furnace, and the residual residue of the biomass fuel is discharged out of the burning furnace through a slag discharge pipeline in the middle of the fire grate.

2. The efficient combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the rotary fire grate is adopted, so that the fuel stays on the fire grate for a longer time, the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is very high, the combustion furnace can treat part of office garbage and household garbage, and the pressure of treating part of garbage can be relieved.

3. The efficient combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the fire grate in the combustion furnace is provided with the high-temperature-resistant fire grate sheets, so that the fire grate can continuously resist high temperature under the conditions of fire suppression, heat preservation and no cold air cooling.

4. The efficient combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and the flue gas outlet in the seventh step is linked with the horizontal fast-assembling boiler to generate steam, and also can be linked with a hot water boiler to generate hot water, and further can directly replace a coal-fired hot air furnace to directly supply heat.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass combustion furnaces, in particular to a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace.

Background

Biomass refers to various organisms produced by photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, land, and the like, and simply, organic substances that can grow are called biomass. The broad biomass includes all plants, microorganisms, animals and the like, the narrow biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose such as straws and trees except grains and fruits in the production process of agriculture and forestry, leftovers in the processing industry of agricultural products, wastes in agriculture and forestry, livestock manure and wastes in the production process of animal husbandry and the like, and the biomass has the characteristics of reproducibility, low pollution and wide distribution.

As ash slag generated after the biomass fuel is combusted contains a large amount of sodium dioxide, potassium dioxide and magnesium dioxide, the melting temperature of the sodium dioxide, the potassium dioxide and the magnesium dioxide is between 550 ℃ and 700 ℃, and if the ash slag generated after the biomass fuel is combusted stays in a low-temperature environment for a long time, a coking phenomenon can be generated, so that the normal operation of a boiler is influenced. The existing biomass combustion furnace generally enters air from the lower part of the fire grate, the fire grate can be blocked by coking of biomass fuel, so that the supply of oxygen is influenced, the combustion efficiency is reduced, and the fire grate in the existing biomass combustion equipment is fixedly arranged, so that the biomass fuel can only be accumulated on the fire grate when blanking, the blanking can not be uniformly distributed on a hearth or fire grate pieces, the combustion is insufficient, and the working efficiency of the combustion furnace is influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for efficiently burning biomass to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a method for efficiently combusting biomass in a biomass combustion furnace, so as to solve the problems of the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the biomass fuel into powder by a crusher;

step two: then starting a blower on the combustion furnace, and sending outside air into the combustion furnace through an air inlet by the blower;

step three: then leading the powdery biomass fuel into the combustion furnace through a feed hopper on the combustion furnace, and uniformly spraying the biomass fuel into the combustion furnace by a material spreading fan on the feed hopper;

step four: starting a driving motor at the bottom of the combustion furnace, driving the fire grate to rotate by the driving motor through a gear rotating mechanism, enabling the biomass fuel to uniformly fall on the fire grate, then igniting the biomass fuel, enabling the biomass fuel to be combusted in the combustion furnace, and enabling the initial combustion temperature to be 300 ℃;

step five: under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, the combustion temperature reaches 400-500 ℃, and volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out;

step six: the separated gas rises in the furnace body and then contacts with air blown in by the spreading fan, the air uniformly disturbs, mixes and combusts the flame and combustible gas generated at the upper part, the heat generated by combustion further dries the biomass fuel on the grate, so that the fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, and the combustion temperature reaches 600-650 ℃;

step seven: the burning flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet on the burning furnace, and the residual residue of the biomass fuel is discharged out of the burning furnace through a slag discharge pipeline in the middle of the fire grate.

Optionally, in the fourth step, a rotary grate is adopted, so that the fuel stays on the grate for a long time, the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is high, the combustion furnace can treat part of office waste and household waste, and the pressure of treating part of waste can be relieved.

Optionally, the fire grate in the combustion furnace is provided with high-temperature-resistant fire grate sheets, so that the fire grate can continuously resist high temperature under the conditions of fire suppression, heat preservation and no cold air cooling.

Optionally, the flue gas outlet in the seventh step is linked with a horizontal fast-assembling boiler to generate steam, or linked with a hot water boiler to generate hot water, or directly replaces a coal-fired hot air furnace to directly supply heat. The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:

1. the biomass fuel is continuously gasified and continuously combusted, the biomass fuel is sent into a hearth of combustion equipment, under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out, the biomass fuel is mixed with air and ignited in the process of separating out and rising the combustible gas, heat is released, and the heat further dries the biomass fuel on a grate, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, therefore, the combustion heating of the fuel has the characteristic of no delay, the combustion efficiency is very high, and no obvious black smoke is generated

2. The invention adopts the grate rotating mode, so that the fuel stays on the grate for a longer time, and the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is very high, therefore, the combustion equipment can treat part of office waste and household waste, can relieve the pressure of treating part of waste, can control the rotating speed of the grate according to the conditions of moisture, blanking amount and the like of the fuel, ensures that the feeding material is uniformly distributed in the rotating process of the grate, and then uniformly distributes air according to the combustion condition in the hearth, so that the air-fuel ratio is in the optimal working condition, and the high-efficiency combustion of the biomass fuel in the combustion furnace is ensured.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the biomass fuel into powder by a crusher, and sieving the powder by a 20-mesh sieve;

step two: then starting a blower on the combustion furnace, and sending outside air into the combustion furnace through an air inlet by the blower;

step three: then leading the powdery biomass fuel into the combustion furnace through a feed hopper on the combustion furnace, and uniformly spraying the biomass fuel into the combustion furnace by a material spreading fan on the feed hopper;

step four: the driving motor at the bottom of the combustion furnace is started, the driving motor drives the fire grate to rotate through the gear rotating mechanism, so that the biomass fuel uniformly falls on the fire grate, the fire grate is provided with high-temperature-resistant fire grate pieces, the high temperature resistance can be continuously realized under the conditions of fire suppression and heat preservation without cold air cooling, then the biomass fuel is ignited, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the combustion furnace, the initial combustion temperature is 200 ℃, the fuel stays on the fire grate for a longer time through rotating the fire grate, the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is high, further, the combustion furnace can treat part of office garbage and household garbage, and the pressure for treating part of garbage can be relieved;

step five: under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, then the combustion temperature reaches 400 ℃, and volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out;

step six: the separated gas rises in the furnace body and then contacts with air blown in by the spreading fan, flame and combustible gas generated at the upper part are uniformly disturbed and mixed by the air for combustion, and heat generated by combustion further dries the biomass fuel on the grate, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, and the combustion temperature reaches 600 ℃;

step seven: the burning flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet on the burning furnace, the flue gas outlet is linked with the horizontal fast-assembling boiler to generate steam, and also can be linked with a hot water boiler to generate hot water, and further can directly replace a coal-fired hot air furnace to directly supply heat, and the residual residues of the biomass fuel are discharged out of the burning furnace through a slag discharge pipeline in the middle of the fire grate.

Example 2:

a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the biomass fuel into powder by a crusher, and sieving the powder by a 25-mesh sieve;

step two: then starting a blower on the combustion furnace, and sending outside air into the combustion furnace through an air inlet by the blower;

step three: then leading the powdery biomass fuel into the combustion furnace through a feed hopper on the combustion furnace, and uniformly spraying the biomass fuel into the combustion furnace by a material spreading fan on the feed hopper;

step four: the driving motor at the bottom of the combustion furnace is started, the driving motor drives the fire grate to rotate through the gear rotating mechanism, so that the biomass fuel uniformly falls on the fire grate, the fire grate is provided with high-temperature-resistant fire grate pieces, the high temperature resistance can be continuously realized under the conditions of fire suppression and heat preservation without cold air cooling, then the biomass fuel is ignited, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the combustion furnace, the initial combustion temperature is 250 ℃, the fuel stays on the fire grate for a longer time through rotating the fire grate, the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is high, further, the combustion furnace can treat part of office garbage and household garbage, and the pressure for treating part of garbage can be relieved;

step five: under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, then the combustion temperature reaches 450 ℃, and volatile matters in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out;

step six: the separated gas rises in the furnace body and then contacts with air blown in by the spreading fan, flame and combustible gas generated at the upper part are uniformly disturbed and mixed by the air for combustion, and heat generated by combustion further dries the biomass fuel on the grate, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, and the combustion temperature reaches 620 ℃;

step seven: the burning flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet on the burning furnace, the flue gas outlet is linked with the horizontal fast-assembling boiler to generate steam, and also can be linked with a hot water boiler to generate hot water, and further can directly replace a coal-fired hot air furnace to directly supply heat, and the residual residues of the biomass fuel are discharged out of the burning furnace through a slag discharge pipeline in the middle of the fire grate.

Example 3:

a high-efficiency combustion method of a biomass combustion furnace comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing the biomass fuel into powder by a crusher, and sieving the powder by a 30-mesh sieve;

step two: then starting a blower on the combustion furnace, and sending outside air into the combustion furnace through an air inlet by the blower;

step three: then leading the powdery biomass fuel into the combustion furnace through a feed hopper on the combustion furnace, and uniformly spraying the biomass fuel into the combustion furnace by a material spreading fan on the feed hopper;

step four: the driving motor at the bottom of the combustion furnace is started, the driving motor drives the fire grate to rotate through the gear rotating mechanism, so that the biomass fuel uniformly falls on the fire grate, the fire grate is provided with high-temperature-resistant fire grate pieces, the high temperature resistance can be continuously realized under the conditions of fire suppression and heat preservation without cold air cooling, then the biomass fuel is ignited, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the combustion furnace, the initial combustion temperature is 300 ℃, the fuel stays on the fire grate for a longer time through rotating the fire grate, the preheating is sufficient, the heat intensity is high, further, the combustion furnace can treat part of office garbage and household garbage, and the pressure for treating part of garbage can be relieved;

step five: under the condition that the upper part of the biomass fuel is heated and the lower part of the biomass fuel is supplemented with air, then the combustion temperature reaches 500 ℃, and the volatile matters in the biomass and the combustible gas gasified by heating are continuously separated out;

step six: the separated gas rises in the furnace body and then contacts with air blown in by the spreading fan, flame and combustible gas generated at the upper part are uniformly disturbed, mixed and combusted by the air, the biomass fuel on the grate is further dried by heat generated by combustion, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, and the combustion temperature reaches 650 ℃;

step seven: the burning flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet on the burning furnace, the flue gas outlet is linked with the horizontal fast-assembling boiler to generate steam, and also can be linked with a hot water boiler to generate hot water, and further can directly replace a coal-fired hot air furnace to directly supply heat, and the residual residues of the biomass fuel are discharged out of the burning furnace through a slag discharge pipeline in the middle of the fire grate.

The biomass fuel can be continuously and fully combusted through the three groups of embodiments, wherein the biomass fuel in the third group of embodiments has the highest combustion temperature and the highest combustion efficiency, the combustion furnace of the invention adopts continuous gasification and continuous combustion, the biomass fuel is sent into a combustion device hearth, and under the condition that the upper part of the combustion furnace is heated and the lower part of the combustion furnace is supplemented with air, the biomass fuel continuously separates out volatile components in the biomass and combustible gas gasified by heating, and the combustible gas is mixed with air and ignited in the rising process of separation and release heat, and the heat further dries the biomass fuel on a grate, so that fixed carbon in the biomass fuel is further ignited and combusted, therefore, the combustion and heating of the fuel have the characteristic of no delay in continuity, the combustion efficiency is very high, and no obvious black smoke is generated.

When the combustion furnace and all auxiliary machines are matched, the condition that workers are easy to fatigue and generate misoperation in night shifts is considered, and electric interlocking control is specially designed, such as air induction, air blowing, feeding and the like to form fuel MFT interlocking alarm control; in addition, the device can be in linkage control with the overpressure of the boiler, when the pressure of the boiler exceeds a set value, feeding and air distribution are automatically stopped, and when the pressure of the boiler is lower than the set value, feeding and air distribution are automatically started to supply heat to the boiler, namely the device can completely realize automatic control operation and only needs personnel to monitor.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.