Low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method and device
阅读说明：本技术 一种低温秸秆焚烧点监测方法、装置 (Low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method and device ) 是由 陈博 柴向停 夏石明 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种低温秸秆焚烧点监测方法、装置,解决现有方法和装置无法监测到秸秆低温焖烧的问题。所述方法包含：获取秸秆低温焖烧卫星数据,数据校正并将其中的白天可见光载荷数据转换为表观反射率,将其中的夜晚微光载荷数据转换为辐亮度数据；提取低温焖烧异常点：对所述白天烟羽数据转换的表观反射率,利用可见光波段进行真彩合成,提取焖烧白色烟羽的出现点为白天焖烧异常点；对所述夜晚微光数据的表观反射率,提取微光点为夜晚微光异常点；从所述低温闷烧异常点中剔除伪秸秆焚烧点,得到低温秸秆焚烧监测点。所述装置使用所述方法。本发明实现了对低温秸秆焚烧点的监测。(The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring low-temperature straw burning points, which solve the problem that the low-temperature smoldering of straws cannot be monitored by the conventional method and device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring low-temperature smoldering satellite data of the straws, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data; extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points: performing true color synthesis on the apparent reflectivity converted from the daytime smoke plume data by using a visible light band, and extracting the appearance point of smoldering white smoke plume as a smoldering abnormal point in the daytime; extracting micro light spots as night glimmer abnormal points from the apparent reflectivity of the night glimmer data; and removing the pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain low-temperature straw burning monitoring points. The device uses the method. The invention realizes the monitoring of the low-temperature straw burning point.)
1. A low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring low-temperature smoldering satellite data of the straws, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data;
extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points:
performing true color synthesis on the apparent reflectivity by utilizing the visible light waveband apparent reflectivity, and extracting the appearance point of smoldering white smoke plume as a smoldering abnormal point in the daytime;
extracting micro light spots as low-light abnormal points at night from the radiance data;
and eliminating pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain low-temperature straw burning monitoring points: and eliminating village day smoke plume points from the day smoldering abnormal points, and eliminating village night bonfire points from the night glimmer abnormal points.
2. The method for monitoring the incineration point of low-temperature straws as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
3. The method for monitoring the low-temperature straw burning point as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-temperature straw smoldering satellite data comprises polar orbit satellite data and static satellite data, and the return period of the polar orbit satellite is at least less than or equal to 1 day.
4. The low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the daytime smoke plume data is obtained through a smoke plume detection load, and the nighttime glimmer data is obtained through a glimmer detection load.
5. The method for monitoring the incineration point of the low-temperature straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the process of performing true color synthesis by using the apparent reflectivity of the visible light band, the visible light band data is obtained through VIIRS or MODIS.
6. The method for monitoring the incineration point of the low-temperature straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data correction comprises radiation correction and geometric correction.
7. A low-temperature straw burning point monitoring device using the method for monitoring the temperature straw burning point according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
the data preprocessing module is used for acquiring low-temperature straw smoldering satellite data, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data;
the abnormal point extraction module is used for extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points from the apparent reflectivity and radiance data;
and the removing module is used for removing the pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain the low-temperature straw burning monitoring points.
8. The low temperature straw burning point monitoring device according to claim 7, further comprising:
and the storage module is used for recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
9. The low temperature straw burning point monitoring device according to claim 7, further comprising:
and the monitoring module is used for monitoring the burning condition of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of satellite remote sensing, in particular to a method and a device for monitoring low-temperature straw burning points.
Background
The straws refer to the residual parts of crops such as wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oil plants, cotton, sugarcane and the like after the crops receive the seeds, and the straw incineration refers to the open-air straw incineration. The straw incineration flue gas contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, photochemical oxidants, suspended particulate matters and the like to cause atmospheric pollution, and haze can be aggravated. The existing straw burning monitoring method comprises manual inspection monitoring, video monitoring and unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring, the monitoring scales of the monitoring methods are limited, large-range and all-weather monitoring cannot be achieved, and the traceability is poor; the method also comprises the step of monitoring the burning of the straws through satellite data, but the method detects the burning point of the high-temperature open fire and cannot monitor the burning mode of low-temperature smoldering of the straws.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for monitoring low-temperature straw burning points, which solve the problem that the low-temperature smoldering of straws cannot be monitored by the conventional method and device.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring low-temperature smoldering satellite data of the straws, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data; extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points: performing true color synthesis on the apparent reflectivity by utilizing the visible light waveband apparent reflectivity, and extracting the appearance point of smoldering white smoke plume as a smoldering abnormal point in the daytime; extracting micro light spots as low-light abnormal points at night from the radiance data; and eliminating pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain low-temperature straw burning monitoring points: and eliminating village day smoke plume points from the day smoldering abnormal points, and eliminating village night bonfire points from the night glimmer abnormal points.
Further, the method further comprises: and recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
Further, the straw low-temperature smoldering satellite data comprises polar orbit satellite data and static satellite data, and the return period of the polar orbit satellite is at least less than or equal to 1 day.
Preferably, the daytime smoke plume data is obtained through a smoke plume detection load, and the night glimmer data is obtained through a glimmer detection load.
Preferably, in the true color synthesis by using the apparent reflectance of the visible light band, the visible light band data is obtained by VIIRS or MODIS.
Preferably, the data correction includes a radiation correction and a geometric correction.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring device, which comprises: the data preprocessing module is used for acquiring low-temperature straw smoldering satellite data, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data; the abnormal point extraction module is used for extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points from the apparent reflectivity and radiance data; and the removing module is used for removing the pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain the low-temperature straw burning monitoring points.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: and the storage module is used for recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: and the monitoring module is used for monitoring the burning condition of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
The beneficial effects of the invention include: the method realizes white monitoring of the low-temperature straw smoldering burning mode based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data, and determines the low-temperature straw smoldering burning monitoring point by identifying smoke plume data generated by smoldering in the daytime and low-light-level data generated by smoldering at night or burning with small fire. According to the invention, the straw burning point is monitored through satellite data, all-weather monitoring can be carried out nationwide or even in a larger range, and the burning situation of low-temperature straw smoldering can be more comprehensively grasped and monitored; in addition, the method can be applied to a cloud processing platform, so that the timeliness of low-temperature straw smoldering monitoring is guaranteed, meanwhile, services are provided for different users in the whole country, and the method has wide market application value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow embodiment of a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for monitoring a low-temperature straw burning point, which includes information recording;
FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a low temperature straw burning point monitoring device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The Ministry of environmental protection has issued a management method for straw burning and comprehensive utilization as early as 1999, and environmental protection authorities in various regions have come out corresponding burning management methods, but because the burning range is too wide, limited supervision personnel are unconscious, the supervision method of manual inspection is too single and has low efficiency, supervision information is not timely, the actual situation cannot be objectively reflected, and the traceability is poor, so that a plurality of supervision problems are caused.
Therefore, a straw burning monitoring system based on the Internet of things is designed to monitor straw burning, and comprises a video monitoring unit, a meteorological monitoring unit, a wireless communication unit, a data storage unit, a control host and the like, so that the condition of straw burning can be known. The video system has no popularization value in the field straw burning monitoring aspect due to the limited visual field. In order to develop straw burning monitoring and early warning in a wider range, Zhang Shi proposes a straw burning monitoring implementation scheme based on an unmanned aerial vehicle low-altitude remote sensing technology; weixin provides an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography straw burning system based on an embedded modularized design scheme, high in precision, simple to operate and low in cost. The unmanned aerial vehicle carries a remote sensing data electronic system, and accurate judgment and positioning of straw burning fire points under cloud coverage are achieved. Although the problem of straw burning in a certain range can be solved by video and unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring, the satellite remote sensing monitoring technology is the only selectable way for the national scale. The Chinese academy of sciences remote sensing department assisted the environmental protection department to develop a satellite remote sensing straw burning monitoring system as early as 2007, wherein the algorithm of the system is combed by Hebao Hua and the like, namely, after the satellite data of the straw fire point monitoring system is received, the satellite data is not required to be transmitted to a user, the system can be processed at a server end, and the straw burning fire point monitoring efficiency and the like are greatly improved. In other aspects such as Gaoyuduo and the like, the straw burning monitoring test is carried out on crops in 2017 for 10-11 months on the basis of VIRR remote sensing data of B satellite and C satellite of Fengyun three satellites by taking Heilongjiang province as a research area. The Von Dongfeng super et al utilizes the third data of the resource satellite to determine the position of the straw burning point, the third data of the resource satellite is fused with the 2.1m true color image to carry out accurate visual disambiguation on the straw burning point, although the precision is high, the return cycle of the third data of the resource is too long, and the daily requirement for monitoring the straw burning cannot be met. In addition, Wuxi hong and the like estimate the burning fire area of straws in Taikang county in Henan province based on Landsat8, GF-1, HJ-1A/B and other multi-source remote sensing data.
Generally speaking, the satellite remote sensing monitoring of the straws is a natural choice, and the algorithm only adopts the middle infrared to monitor the high-temperature thermal anomaly, so that the straw smoldering and small-fire burning mode cannot be monitored, and the mode can bring larger influence on the air quality due to large emission factors. Therefore, in this form, we developed a satellite monitoring method for the nationwide low-temperature smoldering mode.
The innovation points of the invention are as follows: firstly, the invention realizes the monitoring of the straw burning point by applying multi-source satellite data, so that the straw smoldering burning mode can be monitored in real time; secondly, the burning mode of low-temperature straw smoldering is never monitored in the prior art, the invention innovatively provides a low-temperature smoldering and small-fire burning monitoring method based on daytime smoke plume data and night low-light-level data, and classification of the straw burning mode can be further realized.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow embodiment of a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method, which can monitor the low-temperature straw burning point through multi-source satellite data, and as an embodiment of the invention, the low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method specifically comprises the following steps:
In
It should be noted that preprocessing the satellite data, that is, performing radiation correction and geometric correction on the satellite data, both belong to the prior art, and are not described herein.
In
It should be noted that the present invention does not limit the type of detector for obtaining the daytime visible light load data and the nighttime twilight load data.
And
In
Specifically, aiming at low-temperature straw burning points smoldered in daytime, the visible light band of VIIRS or MODIS is utilized for true color synthesis, and the appearance of smoldering white smoke plume is monitored; and aiming at the late straw smoldering and small-fire burning points, extracting the radiation value of the VIIRS micro-light detection, and searching the micro-light points emitted by the straw burning. Namely, the low-temperature straw burning point comprises a straw smoldering point and a small-fire burning point.
It should be noted that, for low-temperature straw data braised in white days, images formed by true color synthesis can determine the abnormal braising points in the daytime by a manual identification method; for the night glimmer data, the night glimmer anomaly point can be identified through the brightness difference between the glimmer data and the background data.
103, removing pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain low-temperature straw burning monitoring points.
In
In
In
Compared with the existing straw monitoring technology, the method is realized based on multi-source satellite remote sensing data, the satellite monitoring algorithm is more comprehensive, the braised straw can be monitored, and the straw burning situation can be comprehensively grasped and monitored; secondly, in the design of the platform, all processing after receiving the satellite data is processed on the cloud, so that the timeliness of straw monitoring can be improved; in addition, the embodiment of the invention can be further developed into a straw burning monitoring platform based on multi-source satellite remote sensing so as to meet the office automation requirements of county-level users, and can also be developed into a network version or APP version, and is designed in a network service mode, so that the straw burning monitoring platform can provide services for different users in the country at the same time, and has application value.
Fig. 2 is a flow embodiment of a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method including information recording, which can further realize real-time monitoring of low-temperature straw burning points, and as an embodiment of the present invention, the low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method specifically includes the following steps:
And 102, extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points of the apparent reflectivity.
And 103, extracting micro light points from the apparent reflectivity of the night glimmer data to obtain night glimmer anomaly.
And 104, recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
In
The embodiment of the invention stores the information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring points, can trace the historical data of low-temperature straw smoldering through data calling, and can also perform key monitoring on the low-temperature straw burning monitoring points in the database.
Fig. 3 is an embodiment of a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring device, which uses the low-temperature straw burning point monitoring method provided by the present invention, specifically, a low-temperature straw burning point monitoring device, comprising: the device comprises a data preprocessing module 11, an abnormal
The data preprocessing module is used for acquiring low-temperature straw smoldering satellite data, correcting the data, converting daytime visible light load data into apparent reflectivity, and converting night glimmer load data into radiance data; the abnormal point extraction module is used for extracting low-temperature smoldering abnormal points from the apparent reflectivity and radiance data; and the removing module is used for removing the pseudo straw burning points from the low-temperature smoldering abnormal points to obtain the low-temperature straw burning monitoring points.
And the storage module is used for recording the position information, the satellite detection time and the load information of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
And the monitoring module is used for monitoring the burning condition of the low-temperature straw burning monitoring point.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specific functions of the data preprocessing module, the abnormal point extracting module, the rejecting module, the storing module and the monitoring module have been discussed in the embodiment of the method of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the device can be an off-line device and can be connected with a server to acquire and update data, and can also be used for carrying out online real-time monitoring on a cloud server.
The low-temperature straw burning point monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the invention is a straw burning monitoring platform based on multi-source satellite remote sensing, can meet the office automation requirements of users, can be developed into a network version or APP version, is designed in a network service mode, can provide services for different users in the country at the same time, and has application value.
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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