阅读说明：本技术 一种一体化家用餐厨垃圾堆肥设备 (Domestic kitchen garbage compost equipment of integration ) 是由 李季 丁国春 陈彦廷 张贤明 孟雅 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种一体化家用餐厨垃圾堆肥设备,包括：进料粉碎装置；挤干装置；进料通道,进料通道上开设菌种接种口；生化系统,餐厨垃圾依次通过进料粉碎装置、挤干装置和进料通道,进入生化系统,菌剂由进料通道进入生化系统；所述生化系统包括生化仓和后腐熟仓,生化仓轴向分为多个仓体,相邻两个仓体之间通过隔板隔开,隔板上开设孔洞,其中,最后一个仓体为卸料仓,其余仓体为发酵仓,第一个发酵仓开设进料口与进料通道连通,所述卸料仓开设卸料口连通后腐熟仓；所述生化仓设有曝气装置、搅拌装置及加热装置。本设备采用分仓式发酵进行餐厨垃圾处理,简化操作流程,减少人工、时间成本,快速成肥,提高资源化效率的同时不造成二次污染。(The invention discloses an integrated household kitchen waste composting device, which comprises: a feed crushing device; a squeezing device; the feeding channel is provided with a strain inoculation port; the kitchen waste enters the biochemical system through the feeding and crushing device, the squeezing device and the feeding channel in sequence, and the microbial inoculum enters the biochemical system through the feeding channel; the biochemical system comprises a biochemical bin and a post-decomposition bin, the biochemical bin is axially divided into a plurality of bin bodies, two adjacent bin bodies are separated by a partition plate, holes are formed in the partition plate, the last bin body is a discharging bin, the rest bin bodies are fermentation bins, the first fermentation bin is provided with a feeding hole communicated with a feeding channel, and the discharging bin is provided with a discharging hole communicated with the post-decomposition bin; the biochemical bin is provided with an aeration device, a stirring device and a heating device. The equipment adopts bin-separated fermentation to treat the kitchen waste, simplifies the operation process, reduces labor and time cost, quickly forms fertilizer, improves the recycling efficiency and does not cause secondary pollution.)

1. The utility model provides a domestic kitchen garbage compost equipment of integration which characterized in that includes:

a feed crushing device (1);

a wringing device (2);

the device comprises a feeding channel (3), wherein a strain inoculation port (301) is formed in the feeding channel (3);

the kitchen waste enters the biochemical system through the feeding and crushing device (1), the squeezing device (2) and the feeding channel (3) in sequence, and meanwhile, the microbial inoculum enters the biochemical system through the feeding channel (3);

the biochemical system comprises a biochemical bin (4) and a post-maturity bin (5), the biochemical bin (4) is axially divided into a plurality of bin bodies, two adjacent bin bodies are separated by a partition plate (6), a hole (601) is formed in the partition plate (6), the last bin body is a discharge bin (401), the rest bin bodies are fermentation bins (402), a feed inlet is formed in the first fermentation bin (402) and communicated with a feed channel (3), and a discharge outlet is formed in the discharge bin (401) and communicated with the post-maturity bin (5);

the biochemical bin (4) is provided with an aeration device, a stirring device and a heating device for aerating, stirring and heating the fermentation bin (402).

2. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: still include updraft ventilator (701) and aqueous vapor collection device (702), updraft ventilator (701) and feedstock channel (3) intercommunication, aqueous vapor collection device (702) are connected with updraft ventilator (701) and wiping arrangement (2).

3. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the biochemical bin (4) is formed by sequentially splicing 3 fermentation bins (402) and 1 discharging bin (401) in the axial direction.

4. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the holes (601) are located at the middle height position of the partition board (6).

5. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the aeration device comprises an aerator (801), a bubbled stone (802) and an aeration connecting pipe (803), wherein the bubbled stone (802) is positioned in the fermentation bin (402), and the aerator (801) is connected with the bubbled stone (802) through the aeration connecting pipe (803) to realize aeration.

6. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the air bubble stone (802) is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin (402), and the shape of the air bubble stone is consistent with the shape of the inner contour at the bottom of the fermentation bin (402).

7. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring device comprises a motor (901), a rotating shaft (902) and blades (903), wherein the rotating shaft (902) axially penetrates through the biochemical bin (4), the axes of the blades (903) are distributed on the rotating shaft (902), and the stirring device is driven by the motor (901) to stir in the fermentation bin (402).

8. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the heating device is a heating blanket system (10) arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin (402), heat-preservation glass wool (11) is further arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin (402), and the heating blanket system (10) is embedded in the heat-preservation glass wool (11).

9. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: feeding materials from the upper part of the feeding and crushing device (1), and discharging materials from the bottom; the squeezing device (2) is a packing auger squeezing system, the bottom of the squeezing device is fed and is connected with a discharge port of the material smashing device (1), the upper part of the squeezing device discharges materials, the upper part of the feeding channel (3) is fed and is connected with a discharge port of the squeezing device (2), and the lower end of the feeding channel feeds materials to the fermentation bin (402).

10. The integrated household kitchen waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the whole equipment is externally wrapped by a shell (12), a feed inlet (1201), a discharge outlet (1202) and a strain injection port (1203) are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the feed inlet of the feed crushing device (1), the post-decomposition bin (5) and the strain inoculation port (301), of the shell (12), a control panel (1204) is further arranged on the shell (11), and the operation of the whole equipment is controlled.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to an integrated household kitchen waste composting device.

Background

The kitchen waste of China has large yield, wide production range and scattered production sources. It is estimated that the kitchen waste production in cities across the country exceeds 6000 million tons/year, accounting for about 37% -57% of the municipal domestic waste production, which percentage is 55% on average in developing countries. With the non-short promotion of national economic consumption level in China, the production amount of kitchen waste is further increased, the kitchen waste accounts for 40% of the production amount of urban solid waste, and how to realize the resource utilization of the kitchen waste is an urgent problem facing China.

The kitchen waste treatment equipment mainly refers to a related equipment machine or a processing and treating production line for processing, treating and converting a large amount of kitchen waste generated in social life, and is a large kitchen waste treatment production line or a small kitchen waste treatment equipment, so that the kitchen waste treatment and treating work can be better realized, the household waste generated in the society can be converted into resources available in other industries, and the social resources can be recycled. At present, the biological treatment technology of the kitchen waste in China mainly comprises two major technologies of aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation.

The aerobic composting is an aerobic fermentation process driven by microbial communities, can decompose organic wastes into stable substances, and can promote safe and pollution-free recovery and utilization of nutrient resources by utilizing an aerobic composting technology to produce organic fertilizers. Due to the high organic matter content, comprehensive nutrient components and rich microorganisms of the kitchen wastes, the aerobic composting technology can effectively degrade the kitchen wastes. The kitchen waste treatment equipment can better and more quickly decompose or convert organic matters or other component substances contained in the kitchen waste into usable substance resources.

The pollution of the kitchen waste, the multiphase composition, the high moisture content and the low heat value of the kitchen waste determine that the resource utilization is very challenging. The current kitchen waste treatment mainly comprises two modes, namely centralized collection and transportation treatment and local distributed treatment, and most developed countries adopt a mode of combining the two modes for treatment. The rubbish that produces of daily life in the family is about 1 ~ 2kg, but the difficulty that the kitchen garbage classification brought is unfavorable for cultivateing the categorised consciousness form of rubbish, and brings the notion of self-control kitchen garbage compost into more families through the mode of promoting domestic compost equipment, simplifies its operation procedure, makes things convenient for people to use, just may encourage more people to go to practise the environmental protection theory.

Kitchen garbage compost equipment does not usually cover kitchen garbage preliminary treatment part, leads to the kitchen garbage granule great, and moisture is more, is unfavorable for the compost effect. The existing kitchen composting equipment is large equipment for centralized treatment and small community on-site treatment equipment, but the existing kitchen composting equipment is beautiful and practical integrated equipment suitable for household composting. Meanwhile, the kitchen waste devices have the problems of low composting efficiency, poor compost quality, complex manual operation and the like.

The state of the art domestic composting devices can be summarized as:

1. the equipment is complex, the operations such as stirring, aeration and the like need to be manually carried out, a large amount of labor time cost is wasted, the operation is inconvenient for operators to use, and the popularization of the household composting equipment is limited;

2. the kitchen waste is poor in fertilizing effect, an after-ripening area is not available, humus cannot be converted and accumulated to the maximum extent, and storage problems bring trouble to users if compost cannot be utilized timely;

3. mostly, single-bin fermentation, the materials with different decomposition degrees enter the composting process in the use process, the composting microbial community succession process is influenced, and then the composting process is slowed down, the composting quality cannot be guaranteed, and the requirements of harmless, reduced and recycled composting cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the background art, the invention discloses an integrated household kitchen waste composting device, which adopts bin-separated fermentation to treat kitchen waste, simplifies the operation process, reduces the labor and time cost, quickly forms fertilizer, improves the recycling efficiency and does not cause secondary pollution.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses an integrated household kitchen waste composting device, which comprises:

a feed crushing device;

a squeezing device;

the device comprises a feeding channel, a feeding device and a control device, wherein a strain inoculation port is formed in the feeding channel;

the kitchen waste enters the biochemical system through the feeding and crushing device, the squeezing device and the feeding channel in sequence, and meanwhile, the microbial inoculum enters the biochemical system through the feeding channel;

the biochemical system comprises a biochemical bin and a post-decomposition bin, the biochemical bin is axially divided into a plurality of bin bodies, two adjacent bin bodies are separated by a partition plate, holes are formed in the partition plate, the last bin body is a discharging bin, the rest bin bodies are fermentation bins, the first fermentation bin is provided with a feeding hole communicated with a feeding channel, and the discharging bin is provided with a discharging hole communicated with the post-decomposition bin;

the biochemical bin is provided with an aeration device, a stirring device and a heating device, and the fermentation bin is aerated, stirred and heated.

The working principle is as follows: the kitchen waste enters a feeding and crushing device through a feeding hole to be crushed, the materials are pushed to a squeezing device to be dehydrated, and enter a fermentation bin in a biochemical bin through a feeding channel (connected with a microbial inoculum inoculation port), the kitchen waste is fermented in the biochemical bin under the action of aerobic microorganisms, and meanwhile, the bottom of the biochemical bin is aerated, stirred and heated to accelerate a composting fermentation process; after the front fermentation chamber is filled with the materials, the materials enter a rear fermentation chamber from the partition plate and then are fully fermented; after the fermentation is finished, the fertilizer can enter the fertilizer after-decomposition bin through the discharge opening of the discharge bin for aging. The user can take out fertilizer from the after-ripening storehouse at any time and use, and convenient operation just has solved fertilizer and has stored the problem, also can promote fertilizer efficiency.

Further, still include updraft ventilator and aqueous vapor collection device, updraft ventilator and feedstock channel intercommunication, aqueous vapor collection device is connected with updraft ventilator and wringing device. The tail gas generated during fermentation is absorbed, and the water of the extruded material is discharged into a sewage pipeline, so that the secondary pollution to the environment is avoided.

Furthermore, biochemical storehouse is by 3 fermentation storehouses and 1 discharge material storehouse axial concatenation in proper order. Aiming at the generation habit (about 1-2kg) of generating kitchen waste by families, the fermentation bin is set into three-bin fermentation to separate fresh kitchen waste from the kitchen waste pile body which is being fermented, so that the pile body is fully fermented, the condition of poor quality of uncooked and cooked ginseng semi-compost is well avoided, and the real resource utilization of the kitchen waste is realized.

Furthermore, the holes are located at the height position of the middle section of the partition plate, so that materials which are just entered and piled at the bottom cannot enter the next bin immediately, and the situation that the materials cannot enter the next bin all the time due to the fact that the quantity of the materials is small is avoided.

Further, aeration equipment includes aeration machine, air bubble stone and aeration connecting pipe, and wherein, the air bubble stone is located the fermentation storehouse, aeration machine realizes the aeration through aeration connecting pipe connection air bubble stone.

Wherein, the air bubble stone is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and the shape of the air bubble stone is consistent with the shape of the inner contour at the bottom of the fermentation bin.

Further, agitating unit includes motor, pivot and blade, biochemical storehouse is passed to the pivot axial, the blade axis distributes in the pivot, through motor drive, stirs in fermentation storehouse inside.

Further, the heating device is a heating blanket system arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, heat-insulating glass wool is further arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin, and the heating blanket system is embedded in the heat-insulating glass wool.

Further, feeding is carried out on the upper part of the feeding and crushing device, and discharging is carried out on the bottom of the feeding and crushing device; the squeezing device is a packing auger squeezing system, the bottom of the squeezing device is fed and connected with a discharge port of the material smashing device, the upper part of the squeezing device is discharged, the upper part of the feeding channel is fed and connected with a discharge port of the squeezing device, and the lower end of the feeding channel feeds materials to the fermentation bin.

Furthermore, the whole equipment is wrapped by a shell, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and a strain injection port are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the feed inlet of the feeding and crushing device, the post-decomposition bin and the strain inoculation port, of the shell, and a control panel is further arranged on the shell to control the operation of the whole equipment.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the composting operation is simplified. Family members only need to put the generated kitchen waste into the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste can be automatically crushed, dehydrated, subjected to biochemical composting and subjected to after-decomposition through the control panel when the kitchen waste treatment device is operated, manual operation is not needed in the whole process, a large amount of labor cost and secondary pollution are saved, and the kitchen waste treatment device is convenient for a user to operate;

(2) the effect of the kitchen waste composting is improved. The kitchen waste compost bin is provided with a post-decomposition bin, the kitchen waste subjected to biochemical treatment can be stored in the area to be further converted into humus, so that the fertilizer efficiency is improved, and the problem of difficult storage of organic fertilizer prepared by kitchen waste compost when the organic fertilizer is not needed to be used at home is solved;

(3) and the quality of the compost is ensured by fermenting in separate bins. The biochemical bin is divided into a plurality of partitions, so that the purpose of separating raw materials from cooked materials is to ensure that kitchen waste entering the equipment at different periods can be fully decomposed, the requirements of harmless composting, reduction and recycling are met, and a user can obtain an organic fertilizer with better fertilizer efficiency for subsequent planting;

(4) and (5) quickly fertilizing. The composting equipment has the functions of stirring, aeration and heat preservation, can rapidly ferment materials, improves the composting efficiency, and effectively treats the daily kitchen waste produced by families. Most composting devices on the market need 15-30 days slowly in the composting process, and the device can be expected to rapidly grow fertilizer in 3-7 days;

(5) inoculating a microbial inoculum from an external source to assist composting fermentation. The composting device is provided with a microbial inoculum feeding port, so that operators can add different microbial agents to prepare microbial fertilizers or improve the decomposition efficiency of organic matters of the compost;

(6) the integrated treatment equipment is beautiful and practical. All the components of the composting equipment are integrated in a closed jacket, so that the composting equipment is more suitable for home use, can be placed in a kitchen storage room or a cabinet, is attractive and is convenient to use.

(7) The gas tightness is good, has gas collecting device, and instant deodorization can not flow out the peculiar smell.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an axial sectional view of the fermentation chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a radial cross-sectional view of the fermentation chamber of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a diagram of the housing of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Domestic kitchen garbage composting equipment of integration as shown in figure 1 includes:

a feed crushing apparatus 1; feeding and crushing device 1 feeds through an upper port, discharges through a lower port, feeds kitchen waste through a feed port, and discharges through a discharge port after crushing.

A wringing device 2; the packing auger squeezing device 2 is adopted, the material is fed from the lower part, moves upwards through wringing, and is discharged from the upper part.

A feed channel 3, wherein a strain inoculation port 301 is formed on the feed channel 3; the feed inlet of the feed channel 3 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the squeezing device 2, meanwhile, a strain inoculation port 301 is arranged beside the feed inlet, and when materials enter from the feed channel 3, required microbial inoculum is added simultaneously as required to ferment together.

The biochemical system, kitchen garbage loop through feeding reducing mechanism 1, wiping arrangement 2 and feedstock channel 3, get into biochemical system, and simultaneously, the microbial inoculum gets into biochemical system by feedstock channel 3, ferments together.

The biochemical system comprises a biochemical bin 4 and a post-maturity bin 5, wherein the biochemical bin 4 is arranged below the feeding channel 3 and is communicated with the feeding channel 3, the biochemical bin is axially divided into a plurality of bin bodies, two adjacent bin bodies are separated by a partition plate 6, a hole 601 is formed in the partition plate 6, the last bin body is a discharging bin 401, the rest bin bodies are fermentation bins 402, a feeding hole is formed in the first fermentation bin 402 and is communicated with the feeding channel 3 to realize feeding, and a discharging hole is formed in the discharging bin 401 and is communicated with the post-maturity bin 5 to realize discharging.

The biochemical bin 4 is preferably formed by splicing 3 fermentation bins 402 and 1 discharging bin 401 in sequence in the axial direction.

In order to accelerate the composting fermentation process, the biochemical bin 4 is provided with an aeration device, a stirring device and a heating device, and the aeration, the stirring and the heating are carried out on the fermentation bin 402.

As shown in fig. 2, this equipment still includes updraft ventilator 701 and aqueous vapor collection device 702, updraft ventilator 701 communicates with feedstock channel 3, aqueous vapor collection device 702 is connected with updraft ventilator 701 and wringing device 2 through the pipeline respectively, adsorbs the tail gas that produces when fermenting and discharges into tail gas treatment box, and the sewage pipeline is arranged into to the material moisture that will extrude, avoids the secondary pollution of environment. Meanwhile, a tail gas treatment box is also arranged at the tail end of the equipment and the position of the after-decomposition bin 5, and an absorption reagent is arranged in the tail gas treatment box and comprises active carbon (for absorbing hydrogen sulfide), water (for absorbing ammonia gas) and clear lime water (for absorbing carbon dioxide).

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hole 601 is located at the middle height position of the partition plate 6, so that the material which is just entered and stacked at the bottom cannot enter the next bin immediately, and the material cannot enter the next bin all the time due to the small amount of the material.

The aeration device comprises an aerator 801, a bubbled stone 802 and an aeration connecting pipe 803, wherein the bubbled stone 802 is positioned in each fermentation bin 402, and the aerator 801 is connected with the bubbled stone 802 through the aeration connecting pipe 803 to realize aeration.

Wherein, the air bubble stone 802 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin 402, and the shape of the air bubble stone is consistent with the shape of the inner contour at the bottom of the fermentation bin 402. The bottom of the fermentation bin 402 of the device is of an arc-shaped structure, and the air bubble stone 802 is an arc-shaped plate and can be attached to the bottom of the fermentation bin 402, so that a gap between the air bubble stone and the bottom is avoided as much as possible.

The stirring device comprises a motor 901, a rotating shaft 902 and blades 903, wherein the rotating shaft 902 axially penetrates through the biochemical bin 4, the axes of the blades 903 are distributed on the rotating shaft 902, and the blades are driven by the motor 901 to stir in the fermentation bin 402.

The heating device is a heating blanket system 10 arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin 402, heat-insulating glass wool 11 is further arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin 402, and the heating blanket system 10 is embedded in the heat-insulating glass wool 11.

As shown in fig. 5, the exterior of the whole apparatus is wrapped by a casing 12, a feed inlet 1201, a discharge outlet 1202 and a strain injection port 1203 are respectively arranged on the casing 12 corresponding to the feed inlet of the feed crushing device 1, the post-decomposition bin 5 and the strain inoculation port 301, and a control panel 1204 is further arranged on the casing 11 and connected with each component of the apparatus to control the operation of the whole apparatus.

When the equipment works: kitchen waste enters a feeding and crushing device through a feeding hole to be crushed, materials are pushed to a packing auger squeezing device to be dehydrated, the materials enter a first fermentation bin in a biochemical bin through a feeding channel, a required microbial inoculum is placed from a microbial inoculum inoculation port, the kitchen waste is fermented in the biochemical bin under the action of aerobic microorganisms, and meanwhile, aeration, stirring and heating are carried out at the bottom of the biochemical bin to accelerate a composting fermentation process; after the first fermentation area bin is filled with the materials, the materials enter a second fermentation area and a third fermentation area … … from holes on the partition plate for full fermentation; after fermentation is completed, the fertilizer can enter the fertilizer after-decomposition bin for aging through the discharge opening of the discharge bin at the tail part of the biochemical bin. Meanwhile, tail gas generated during fermentation is absorbed by the interior of the equipment and the air outlet pipe opening, and the water of the extruded material is discharged into a sewage pipeline, so that secondary pollution to the environment is avoided. Finally, the user can open the discharge gate at any time and take out the fertilizer in the back rotten storehouse and use, and convenient operation has just solved the fertilizer and has stored the problem, also can promote fertilizer efficiency.

The average production of 1 ~ 2kg kitchen garbage of every family of china family every day, common domestic compost equipment adopts single-chamber formula fermentation more, and the compost in-process can have fresh kitchen garbage constantly to get into, can influence the compost effect and make the compost cycle lengthen and mostly manual operation be not suitable for the city family that the rhythm of life is fast. The equipment adopts bin-separated fermentation to treat the kitchen waste, simplifies the operation process, reduces labor and time cost, quickly forms fertilizer, improves the recycling efficiency and does not cause secondary pollution.