阅读说明：本技术 畜禽养殖粪污好氧腐殖质化的方法及其装置 (Method and device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding manure ) 是由 李长刚 贺仕磊 詹彤 叶芳芳 张帅 谢沃贤 谢文玉 李德豪 刘景峰 刘志森 王儒 于 2020-06-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种畜禽养殖粪污好氧腐殖质化的方法及其装置,包括好氧腐殖质化罐、热能转换器、太阳能电能转换装置,好氧腐殖质化罐靠近底部位置开设有排粪口,所述好氧腐殖质化罐与热能转换器连接,所述好氧腐殖质化罐底部连接一电解池,所述太阳能电能转换装置与电解池连接,所述好氧腐殖质化罐与电解池连通并在连通处安装承托层。利用热泵系统转化区域丰富的太阳能和空气能加速畜禽粪污好氧腐殖化过程；利用太阳能将粪污水电解供氧,解决传统好氧堆肥供风系统污水层供氧不足、不均,粪层水分挥发过快、温度散失过快的问题,技术要点在于安全、高效、经济、简单、易行,非专业人员也能操作和维护。(The invention provides a method and a device for aerobic humification of feces in livestock and poultry breeding, which comprises an aerobic humification tank, a heat energy converter and a solar energy and electric energy conversion device, wherein a feces discharge port is formed in the position, close to the bottom, of the aerobic humification tank, the aerobic humification tank is connected with the heat energy converter, the bottom of the aerobic humification tank is connected with an electrolytic tank, the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is connected with the electrolytic tank, the aerobic humification tank is communicated with the electrolytic tank, and a bearing layer is arranged at the communicated position. The heat pump system is utilized to convert abundant solar energy and air in the area to accelerate the aerobic humification process of the livestock and poultry manure; utilize solar energy with excrement sewage water electrolysis oxygen suppliment, solve traditional good oxygen compost air feed system sewage layer oxygen suppliment not enough, uneven, excrement layer moisture volatilizees too fast, the temperature scatters and disappears too fast problem, the technical essential lies in safety, high efficiency, economy, simple, easy going, non-professional also can operate and maintain.)

1. The utility model provides a beasts and birds are bred excrement and oxygen humus device, characterized by: including good oxygen humus jar, heat energy converter, solar energy power conversion device, good oxygen humus jar is close to the bottom position and has seted up the excrement discharge mouth, good oxygen humus jar is connected with the heat energy converter, a electrolysis trough is connected to good oxygen humus tank bottom, solar energy power conversion device is connected with the electrolysis trough, good oxygen humus jar communicates with the electrolysis trough and locates to install the support layer at the intercommunication.

2. The utility model provides a beasts and birds are bred excrement and oxygen humus device, characterized by: the heat energy converter adopts an air energy heat pump and/or a vacuum tube solar water heater.

3. A fecal sewage aerobic humification system is characterized in that: the manure aerobic humification system adopts two manure aerobic humification devices for livestock and poultry cultivation to alternately operate.

4. A livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) placing the livestock and poultry manure in an aerobic humus device for high-temperature aerobic composting, and then decomposing to obtain the humus fertilizer.

5. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is used for supplying power to the inside of the electrolytic cell, and controlling the dissolved oxygen of the water layer to be 1-2mg/L and the dissolved oxygen of the excrement layer to be 2-4 mg/L.

6. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the high-temperature aerobic composting comprises a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a harmless stage, wherein the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 45-50 ℃ in the heating stage, the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 50-60 ℃ in the high-temperature stage, and the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 60-70 ℃ in the harmless stage.

7. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the composting time in the heating stage is 10-12h, the composting time in the high-temperature stage is 48h, and the composting time in the harmless stage is 1-3 h.

8. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the decomposition time is 72h, and the aerobic humification tank is closed when the container is decomposed.

9. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the water content of the livestock and poultry manure is about 45%, and the humidity is controlled within the range of 45-55%.

10. The livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: and (3) taking out and storing the electrolyzed water in the electrolytic tank before the former livestock and poultry manure is placed in the livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device and enters a harmless stage, and inoculating the bacterial liquid after the latter device runs for 48 hours so as to perform circular inoculation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry breeding sewage treatment, in particular to a method and a device for aerobic humification of livestock and poultry breeding excrement.

Background

Pig raising has become one of the leading industries for many farmers to become rich. However, the pig raising process discharges a large amount of N, P, K-rich excrement into the regional environment, and the ecological environment safety of water and soil is seriously threatened. The technology is designed based on the current situation of the famous regional live pig breeding industry and the characteristics of regional environment, overcomes the problems of the traditional anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation technologies, fully utilizes solar energy and air energy, and is safer, more efficient, more economic, simpler and more feasible.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device, and solves the problems of large odor, potential safety hazard of methane generation, quick water loss, large heat loss, difficult equipment operation, high technical requirement and the like in the conventional anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation technology.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device for the aerobic humification of the livestock and poultry breeding manure is characterized in that: including good oxygen humus jar, heat energy converter, solar energy power conversion device, good oxygen humus jar is close to the bottom position and has seted up the excrement discharge mouth, good oxygen humus jar is connected with the heat energy converter, a electrolysis trough is connected to good oxygen humus tank bottom, solar energy power conversion device is connected with the electrolysis trough, good oxygen humus jar communicates with the electrolysis trough and locates to install the support layer at the intercommunication.

Preferably, the thermal energy converter adopts an air energy heat pump and/or a vacuum tube solar water heater.

The invention also aims to provide a manure aerobic humification system, which adopts two livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification devices to alternately operate.

The invention also aims to provide a livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification method, which comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the livestock and poultry manure in an aerobic humus device for high-temperature aerobic composting, and then decomposing to obtain the humus fertilizer.

The humic fertilizer obtained by the method has the advantages of organic matter content of more than 45%, water content of less than 30%, pH value of 5.5-8.5, germination index of seeds of more than 80%, and complete decomposition.

Preferably, the solar energy and electric energy conversion device is used for supplying power to the inside of the electrolytic cell, and controlling the dissolved oxygen of the water layer to be 1-2mg/L and the dissolved oxygen of the excrement layer to be 2-4 mg/L.

Preferably, the high-temperature aerobic composting comprises a heating stage, a high-temperature stage and a harmless stage, wherein the temperature of the composting is controlled to be 45-50 ℃ in the heating stage, 50-60 ℃ in the high-temperature stage and 60-70 ℃ in the harmless stage.

Preferably, the heating-stage composting time is 10-12h, the high-temperature-stage composting time is 48h, and the harmless-stage composting time is 1-3 h.

Preferably, the decomposition time is 72h, and the aerobic humification tank is closed when the decomposition is completed.

Preferably, the water content of the livestock and poultry manure is about 45%, and the humidity is controlled within the range of 45-55%.

Preferably, the electrolytic water in the electrolytic tank is taken out and stored before the former livestock and poultry manure is placed in the livestock and poultry breeding manure aerobic humification device and enters the harmless stage, and the bacterial liquid is inoculated after the latter device runs for 48 hours, so that the inoculation is performed circularly.

The electrolyzed water is high-temperature aerobic bacterial liquid, the inoculated bacterial liquid provided by the invention can efficiently degrade organic matters such as crude protein, crude fat, residual starch, urea and the like in the livestock and poultry manure, and particularly, the composting speed of the livestock and poultry manure can be effectively accelerated by matching with the zero-energy-consumption high-temperature aerobic composting method. In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the invention utilizes the livestock and poultry manure to carry out high-temperature aerobic composting, not only solves the problem of manure treatment, but also can obtain the organic fertilizer suitable for agricultural field production, fruit tree planting and landscaping, and has good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit for reducing farmland environment pollution caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizer, increasing soil fertility, improving the quality of agricultural products and increasing agricultural income.

(2) Compared with the microbial community natural succession process in the traditional low-temperature aerobic composting process, the method for carrying out high-temperature aerobic biological humification in the aerobic humification device can provide proper environmental temperature for high-temperature aerobic microorganisms of the compost, remarkably accelerate the growth speed of the microorganisms and the capability of degrading or converting organic matters, accelerate the composting reaction speed, shorten the humification time of the excrement to 4 days, greatly save the composting cost and remarkably improve the sanitary environment.

(3) Compared with aerobic fermentation, the traditional high-temperature anaerobic fermentation technology for the excrement takes longer time, the odor generation amount in the fermentation process is large, and potential safety hazards exist in the generated methane. The technology needs professional operators, is suitable for large-scale breeding enterprises, and has low applicability to a large number of rural small-sized breeding specialized households and free-ranging households in the famous region. The humification technology of the high-temperature aerobic organisms provided by the invention is odorless, tasteless, free of potential safety hazard, simple in equipment operation, low in cost and applicable to both large and small farmers.

(4) The traditional high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology for the excrement has the defects of large air supply rate, large moisture and heat loss, mechanical stirring, complex equipment, difficult control of the relation between the appropriate moisture and the air supply rate for general farmers, and the excrement water film can obstruct the oxygen mass transfer process of an air supply system to generate short flow. In the process of humification of high-temperature aerobic organisms in the aerobic humification device, ventilation and stirring are not needed, water can be controlled, the operation difficulty is greatly reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved.

(5) In the process of humification of high-temperature aerobic organisms in the aerobic humification device, a bacteria liquid inoculation (high-temperature aerobic bacteria liquid) technology is adopted, and the bacteria liquid can efficiently degrade organic matters such as crude protein, crude fat, residual starch, urea and the like in the livestock and poultry manure, so that the degradation or conversion speed of the organic matters in composting raw materials can be greatly accelerated, the composting process is promoted, and the composting efficiency is improved.

(6) The invention constructs a novel technology for safely treating livestock and poultry breeding manure, humification and fertilizing based on a high-temperature aerobic composting technology, a mature solar energy and air energy heat pump technology and a solar energy electrolyzed water oxygen supply technology, and has the advantages of lower investment cost, safer operation and easier maintenance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of example 2.

Reference numerals: 1. an aerobic humification tank; 2. a manure discharge port; 3. an electrolytic cell; 4. a support layer; 5. a thermal energy converter; 6. provided is a solar energy and electric energy conversion device.

Detailed Description

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The detection method comprises the following steps: and (3) detecting a control key index of 'discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding' in Guangdong province.

Harmless environmental standard of livestock and poultry breeding industry waste residues

Control item	Index (I)
		Roundworm ovum	The death rate is more than or equal to 95 percent
Fecal coliform population	≤104Per kg

Pollutant project analysis method