阅读说明：本技术 一种改良大豆种植的植物发酵提取物及其制备方法 (Plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting and preparation method thereof ) 是由 牛菽媛 苏华山 康子凡 杜昕润 苏孟梓 苏华亭 杜昕宇 苏华阳 康胜利 牛克平 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农业种植技术领域,特别公开了一种改良大豆种植的植物发酵提取物及其制备方法。该改良大豆种植的植物发酵提取物,其特征为,由以下重量份数的原料经发酵、萃取、制粉制成：栀子10-12份、松茸5-10份、地龙干3-5份、水蛭素1-2份、苦参20-25份、冬虫夏草1-1.5份、花粉1-2份、红参3-5份、富铁酵母0.02-0.03份、硒酵母0.01-0.02份、甘草10-15份、沙棘5-10份、枸杞3-5份。本发明原料易得,制备工艺简单,有效改善土壤结构,增加土壤中有效微生物数量和活性,提高土壤酶含量,有利于大豆生长,增加产量,提高品质,适于广泛推广应用。(The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly discloses a plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting and a preparation method thereof. The plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting is characterized by being prepared by fermenting, extracting and pulverizing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of gardenia, 5-10 parts of tricholoma matsutake, 3-5 parts of dried earthworm, 1-2 parts of hirudin, 20-25 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1-1.5 parts of cordyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of pollen, 3-5 parts of red ginseng, 0.02-0.03 part of iron-rich yeast, 0.01-0.02 part of selenium yeast, 10-15 parts of liquorice, 5-10 parts of sea buckthorn and 3-5 parts of medlar. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, simple preparation process, effective improvement of soil structure, increase of the number and activity of effective microorganisms in soil, increase of soil enzyme content, contribution to soybean growth, increase of yield and improvement of quality, and suitability for wide popularization and application.)

1. A plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting is characterized by being prepared by fermenting, extracting and pulverizing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of gardenia, 5-10 parts of tricholoma matsutake, 3-5 parts of dried earthworm, 1-2 parts of hirudin, 20-25 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1-1.5 parts of cordyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of pollen, 3-5 parts of red ginseng, 0.02-0.03 part of iron-rich yeast, 0.01-0.02 part of selenium yeast, 10-15 parts of liquorice, 5-10 parts of sea buckthorn and 3-5 parts of medlar.

2. The fermented plant extract for improving soybean planting according to claim 1, wherein the fermented plant extract is prepared by fermenting, extracting and pulverizing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 11 parts of cape jasmine, 8 parts of tricholoma matsutake, 4 parts of dried earthworm, 1.5 parts of hirudin, 22 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1.2 parts of cordyceps sinensis, 1.5 parts of pollen, 4 parts of red ginseng, 0.02 part of iron-rich yeast, 0.02 part of selenium yeast, 12 parts of liquorice, 8 parts of sea buckthorn and 4 parts of medlar.

3. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of: (1) selecting the raw materials preferentially; (2) mixing and crushing the raw materials, and placing the mixture in a fermentation tank; (3) adding water into a fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, and fermenting and aging at 37-43 ℃ for 20-22 days; (4) adding water into the fermentation tank, stirring, adjusting the viscosity of the fermentation material to 1.5-2.0 Pa.S, cooling, standing, filtering, and washing the filter residue with water; (5) and mixing the filtrate and the washing liquid, grinding, and spraying to prepare powder to obtain the product.

4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (2), the raw materials are mixed and crushed and then screened by a 30-35-mesh sieve, wherein the iron-rich yeast and the selenium-rich yeast are dissolved by deionized water and then added with water.

5. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (3), deionized water is added into the fermentation tank and stirred, and the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.5-2.8 times of the total weight of the raw materials.

6. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (4) adding deionized water into the fermentation tank, stirring, cooling to 12-18 ℃, standing for 36h, filtering by using a 80-100 sieve, and washing filter residues by using deionized water for 2-3 times.

7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (5), the paste fluid with the fineness of 150-.

(I) technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting and a preparation method thereof.

(II) background of the invention

Soybean, commonly known as soybean, belongs to annual herb, is cultivated in native China and is widely cultivated all over the world, soybean is one of the important grain crops in China, has been cultivated for five thousand years, is known as Shushu, and is a main production area in northeast China, and is a crop with rich plant protein in seeds, rich protein and fat, amino acid, fatty acid and vitamin, has high nutritional value, and is easily absorbed and utilized by human bodies. Soybeans are most commonly used for making various soy products, extracting soybean oil, brewing soy sauce, and extracting proteins. Bean dregs or soybeans ground into coarse powder are also commonly used in livestock and poultry feeds.

At present, because soybeans have a nitrogen fixation function, most peasants manage the formula of the soybeans without applying fertilizers, and the yield of the soybeans is low easily. With the increase of market demand, the yield and quality of soybean planting must be considered, in order to achieve the purpose of increasing the yield, the application of the fertilizer to promote the growth of the soybeans is a main way, but the long-term use of the fertilizer can not only destroy the granular structure of soil, easily cause soil hardening and soil hardening, thereby influencing the growth of the soybeans and causing the reduction of the quality of the soybeans; meanwhile, because the nutrients in the fertilizer are slowly released, the soybean is slowly absorbed, the fertilizer efficiency is low, and various nutrient components cannot be effectively balanced, the nutritional value of the soybean is reduced.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention provides a plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting, which improves crop growth environment, improves yield and quality and overcomes the defects of the prior art, and a preparation method thereof.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting is prepared by fermenting, extracting and pulverizing the following raw materials in parts by weight:

10-12 parts of gardenia, 5-10 parts of tricholoma matsutake, 3-5 parts of dried earthworm, 1-2 parts of hirudin, 20-25 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1-1.5 parts of cordyceps sinensis, 1-2 parts of pollen, 3-5 parts of red ginseng, 0.02-0.03 part of iron-rich yeast, 0.01-0.02 part of selenium yeast, 10-15 parts of liquorice, 5-10 parts of sea buckthorn and 3-5 parts of medlar.

The more preferable weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:

11 parts of cape jasmine, 8 parts of tricholoma matsutake, 4 parts of dried earthworm, 1.5 parts of hirudin, 22 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 1.2 parts of cordyceps sinensis, 1.5 parts of pollen, 4 parts of red ginseng, 0.02 part of iron-rich yeast, 0.02 part of selenium yeast, 12 parts of liquorice, 8 parts of sea buckthorn and 4 parts of medlar.

According to the invention, according to the growth habit of soybeans, the influence of various internal and external factors, the theory that effective components in various plants in the botany are assisted is adopted, various factors of the soybean growth are improved, the planting soil is improved and repaired, beneficial bacterium population systems are repaired, harmful bacterium groups and pest and disease damage systems are inhibited, the condition of soybean root system nutrient microtubules is improved, the requirement on nutrient absorption is met, the stress resistance of the soybeans and the secretion of phytohormones per se are improved, and the phytochemistry and physical barriers are improved.

In the invention, the gardenia mainly contains flavonoid gardenia essence, pectin, tannin, crocin, crocetin, D-mannitol, nonacosane, beta-sitosterol and the like, has an antimicrobial effect, and has the effects of protecting liver, benefiting gallbladder, reducing blood pressure, calming, stopping bleeding, reducing swelling and the like when being used as a medicine.

The tricholoma matsutake contains 18 amino acids, 14 essential trace elements for human bodies, 49 active nutrient substances, 5 unsaturated fatty acids, 8 vitamins, 2 glycoproteins, rich dietary fibers and a plurality of active enzymes, and also contains 3 precious active substances, namely double-chain tricholoma matsutake polysaccharide, tricholoma matsutake polypeptide and unique anticancer substance-tricholoma matsutake alcohol all over the world, which is the most precious natural medicinal fungus all over the world; has effects in enhancing immunity, resisting cancer and tumor, treating diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, resisting aging, caring skin, promoting intestine and stomach, and protecting liver.

The dried Lumbricus has a protein content of 53.5-65.1%, fat content of 4.4-17.38%, carbohydrate content of 11-17.4%, and ash content of 7.8-23%; the dried lumbricus is rich in vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and other mineral elements. The dried lumbricus contains various medicinal components such as earthworm extract, earthworm antitoxin, xanthine, antihistamine, vitamin B and the like.

Hirudin is a component which has the most significant activity and most research in various active components extracted from water and salivary glands thereof, is micromolecular protein consisting of 65-66 amino acids, has extremely strong inhibition effect on thrombin, and has various pharmacological actions of anticoagulation, antithrombotic, platelet aggregation inhibition, blood fat reduction, blood rheology improvement, tumor resistance and the like.

Radix Sophorae Flavescentis contains matrine and cytisine, and has effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, resisting bacteria, relieving inflammation, invigorating stomach and expelling parasites.

The main active ingredient of the cordyceps sinensis is cordycepin, and the cordyceps sinensis has the effects of regulating the function of an immune system, resisting tumors and fatigue, tonifying the lung and the kidney, stopping bleeding and reducing phlegm, replenishing essence and tonifying qi, whitening and removing black and the like.

The pollen is rich in amino acids, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, active substances, trace elements selenium, phospholipid, nucleic acid, etc. Can remove various pigment spots, and has the effects of regulating nervous system, promoting sleep, improving body constitution, improving gastrointestinal function, promoting digestion, stimulating appetite, and preventing and treating habitual constipation.

The red ginseng is used for treating weakness and loss, cold limbs and slight pulse, qi failing to control blood, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, heart failure and cardiogenic shock; the red ginseng is a cooked product of ginseng and has the effects of greatly tonifying primordial qi, recovering pulse, relieving depletion, benefiting qi and controlling blood.

The iron-rich yeast is an inactive whole-cell dry yeast (natural baker's yeast) containing a very high concentration of iron, which is prepared by fermenting yeast with a low amount of iron, then sterilizing the yeast solution with a bus, and spray-drying. The interaction between iron and yeast cells during the manufacturing process, and the mild processing process and conditions prevent the loss of trace elements, vitamins and other micronutrients.

Selenium yeast is an organic selenium preparation, has the advantages of high bioavailability, low toxicity, definite curative effect and the like, and has pharmacological effects of protecting the integrity of cell membranes, removing free radicals, accelerating the decomposition of lipid peroxides, resisting oxidation, enhancing the immune function of organisms, enhancing the cardiac muscle function and the like.

The Glycyrrhrizae radix has effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, eliminating phlegm, relieving cough, and regulating functions of the other medicines.

The sea-buckthorn contains active substances such as multiple vitamins, fatty acids, trace elements, linoleic acid, sea-buckthorn flavone, superoxide and the like and various amino acids required by a human body, wherein the content of vitamin C is extremely high, the cholesterol can be reduced, the sea-buckthorn is placed in angina pectoris, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and the like are prevented, and the sea-buckthorn has the effects of relieving cough and reducing sputum, invigorating stomach and helping digestion, and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis when being used as a medicine.

The fructus Lycii mainly contains betaine, atropine, and henbane, has effects in improving immunity, lowering blood sugar, regulating blood pressure, resisting tumor, etc., and has effects in nourishing liver and kidney, and moistening lung.

The preparation method of the plant fermentation extract for improving soybean planting comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting the raw materials preferentially;

(2) mixing and crushing the raw materials, and placing the mixture in a fermentation tank;

(3) adding water into a fermentation tank, stirring uniformly, and fermenting and aging at 37-43 ℃ for 20-22 days;

(4) adding water into the fermentation tank, stirring, adjusting the viscosity of the fermentation material to 1.5-2.0 Pa.S, cooling, standing, filtering, and washing the filter residue with water;

(5) and mixing the filtrate and the washing liquid, grinding, and spraying to prepare powder to obtain the product.

The invention adopts the extraction processes of medium-temperature fermentation, low-temperature extraction and medium-temperature milling, and the effective components in the raw materials are extracted, so that the combination of the effective components acts on soil to improve the soil, the stress resistance of plants is improved, phytohormone is generated, a physical barrier of the plants is provided, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria is effectively reduced, the yield is increased, and the quality is improved.

Preferably, in the step (2), the raw materials are mixed and crushed and then sieved by a sieve with 30-35 meshes, wherein the iron-rich yeast and the selenium-rich yeast are dissolved by deionized water and then added with water.

Preferably, in the step (3), deionized water is added into the fermentation tank and stirred, and the addition amount of the deionized water is 2.5-2.8 times of the total weight of the raw materials.

Preferably, in the step (4), deionized water is added into the fermentation tank, stirred, cooled to 12-18 ℃, kept stand for 36 hours, filtered by a 80-100 sieve, and then the filter residue is washed by deionized water for 2-3 times.

Preferably, in the step (5), the paste fluid with the fineness of 150-.

The product of the invention takes gardenia, radix sophorae flavescentis, liquorice, tricholoma matsutake and sea buckthorn as main raw materials, and is matched with iron-rich yeast and selenium-rich yeast to form an active improvement flora, a large amount of amino acid, biological potassium, fatty acid and the like extracted from plants are converted into effective components of the active flora, the soil flora environment is improved in a targeted manner, the growth requirement of soybeans is met, the soybean planting soil is improved, the soil aggregate structure is improved, the soil phosphorus and potassium supply is increased, and plant nutrient elements are supplemented, so that the growth and development of crop roots are promoted, and the yield and the quality of crops are greatly improved.

The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, simple preparation process, effective improvement of soil structure, increase of the number and activity of effective microorganisms in soil, increase of soil enzyme content, contribution to soybean growth, increase of yield and improvement of quality, and suitability for wide popularization and application.

(IV) detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.