阅读说明：本技术 一种基于聚氨酯的保温装饰板 (Heat-insulating decorative plate based on polyurethane ) 是由 陈家珺 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于聚氨酯的保温装饰板,包括胶体无纺布层和装饰层,通过将待发聚氨酯原料直接在胶体无纺布层和装饰层之间进行发泡,得到装饰板,然后对装饰板中的装饰层和保温层进行疏水处理,接着在疏水处理后的装饰板的胶体无纺布层表面喷涂一层JQ-1胶,然后通过疏水粘合剂将装饰板粘合固定在基体墙面上。本发明通过直接在胶体无纺布层和装饰层之间进行发泡,由于装饰层中引入有大量的羧基和磺酸基团,能够吸收大量的乙二醇,在发泡过程中通过乙二醇溶液能够与聚氨酯原料的异氰酸酯基团反应,进而使得聚氨酯保温层与支撑隔离层界面处互相融入,进一步提高了聚氨酯保温层与装饰层之间的粘合性能,使得装饰层不易开裂、脱落。(The invention discloses a polyurethane-based heat-insulation decorative plate, which comprises a colloid non-woven fabric layer and a decorative layer, wherein a polyurethane raw material to be foamed is directly foamed between the colloid non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer to obtain the decorative plate, then the decorative layer and the heat-insulation layer in the decorative plate are subjected to hydrophobic treatment, then a layer of JQ-1 glue is sprayed on the surface of the colloid non-woven fabric layer of the decorative plate subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and then the decorative plate is adhered and fixed on a substrate wall surface through a hydrophobic adhesive. According to the invention, the colloid non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer are directly foamed, a large amount of carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups are introduced into the decorative layer, so that a large amount of glycol can be absorbed, and the glycol solution can react with isocyanate groups of polyurethane raw materials in the foaming process, so that the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the supporting isolation layer are mutually fused at the interface, the adhesive property between the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer is further improved, and the decorative layer is not easy to crack and fall off.)

1. A heat-insulating decorative plate based on polyurethane is characterized by comprising a colloid non-woven fabric layer and a decorative layer, wherein glycol solution is soaked and adsorbed in the decorative layer, polyurethane raw materials to be foamed are directly foamed between the colloid non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer to obtain the decorative plate with a heat-insulating layer firmly adhered in the middle, then the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer in the decorative plate are subjected to hydrophobic treatment, then a layer of JQ-1 glue is sprayed on the surface of the colloid non-woven fabric layer of the decorative plate subjected to hydrophobic treatment, and then the decorative plate is adhered and fixed on the wall surface of a substrate through a hydrophobic adhesive;

the colloid non-woven fabric layer is prepared by loading JQ-1 glue on the surface of non-woven fabric.

2. An insulation decorative board based on polyurethane according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrophobic treatment process of the decorative board is as follows: and adding the treating agent into a reaction container, heating to 50-55 ℃, completely soaking the decorative plate in the treating agent, soaking for 25-30h, taking out and drying to obtain the hydrophobic decorative plate.

3. The heat-insulating decorative board based on polyurethane as claimed in claim 2, wherein the treating agent is one or two of 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane added into ethanol to prepare a treating agent solution with a mass concentration of 60%.

4. The heat-insulating decorative plate based on polyurethane of claim 1 is characterized in that the preparation process of the decorative layer is as follows:

step 1: dissolving sodium metabisulfite in water to prepare a sodium metabisulfite solution with the mass concentration of 50%, then simultaneously adding 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl triethoxysilane and the sodium metabisulfite solution into a reaction kettle, heating to 75-80 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4-5h, evaporating under reduced pressure to remove water, then slowly adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring for 1h, filtering out inorganic salts, concentrating the filtrate until the filtrate is added with an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 95%, freezing for 1-2h, filtering, and recrystallizing the obtained product with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain sulfo-group oxysilane;

step 2: adding sulfooxy silane into water to prepare a modifier solution with the mass concentration of 30%, crushing and sieving soil and ore powder to obtain inorganic fine powder, adding the inorganic fine powder and the modifier solution into a reaction kettle simultaneously, heating to 105 ℃ and 110 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 5-6h, and then filtering and drying to obtain sulfonated inorganic fine powder;

and step 3: adding acrylamide, acrylic acid, tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water into a stirring kettle, stirring and pre-emulsifying for 30-40min, simultaneously adding ammonium persulfate into the water to prepare an initiator solution with the mass concentration of 40%, then adding 1/3 of a pre-emulsifier, a pH buffer sodium bicarbonate solution and water into the reaction kettle, heating to 80 ℃ under stirring, dropwise adding the rest of the pre-emulsifier and the initiator solution after blue light appears, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 2h, then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-4h, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain an acrylic emulsion;

and 4, step 4: uniformly stirring and mixing the sulfonated inorganic fine powder, acrylic emulsion, octyl polymethylsiloxane, azodicarbonamide, a coloring agent and water, coating the mixture on a template, curing at the temperature of 80-140 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the decorative layer.

5. The heat-insulating decorative board based on polyurethane as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step 1, 1.34kg of sodium pyrosulfate solution, 300mL of concentrated sulfuric acid and 100mL of ethanol solution are added to each kg of 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane.

6. The heat-insulating decorative board based on polyurethane of claim 4, wherein in step 3, the addition amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate is 3% of the total amount of the monomers, the addition amount of ammonium persulfate is 1.9% of the total amount of the monomers, and the ratio of the amount of the acrylic acid, the acrylamide and the tetramethyldivinyldisiloxane is 1: 0.43-0.45: 0.16-0.17.

7. The polyurethane-based heat-insulating decorative board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic adhesive is prepared by adding 6.8-6.9 wt% of hydroxyl silicone oil to the adhesive of the heat-insulating board for the outer wall.

8. The polyurethane-based heat-insulation decorative plate according to claim 1 is prepared by the following specific method:

firstly, adding a non-woven fabric into JQ-1 glue, soaking for 3-5min, taking out, and drying to obtain a glue-coated non-woven fabric;

secondly, soaking the decorative layer in an ethylene glycol solution at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ for 20-24h, fishing out the decorative layer, wiping off redundant ethylene glycol on the surface, fixing the wiped decorative layer below a mold, fixing a glue-coated non-woven fabric on the mold, injecting a polyurethane material to be foamed into the mold, covering the mold, keeping the mold pressed, and opening the mold after the rigid polyurethane foam expands to obtain the decorative plate;

thirdly, adding the treating agent into a reaction container, heating to 60-65 ℃, then completely soaking the decorative plate in the heated treating agent, taking out and drying after soaking for 24-28h to obtain a hydrophobic decorative plate;

and fourthly, spraying a layer of JQ-1 adhesive on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer of the hydrophobic decorative plate, coating the hydrophobic adhesive on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer after the adhesive film is dried, wherein the coating thickness is 3.5-4mm, and then directly sticking the decorative plate on the wall surface of the matrix through the hydrophobic adhesive.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of decorative plate preparation, and relates to a polyurethane-based heat-insulation decorative plate.

Background

The heated board by the wide application in building material, direct at building material's external fixation heated board, then at the outside bonding decorative layer of heated board, the decorative layer leads to producing with the heat preservation and is adopting the mode of separately-constructing to produce the hollowing easily or leak the viscosity on the scene, finally lead to partial finish coat fracture, drop, the heated board is direct to pass through the adhesive bonding on the wall body surface simultaneously, because the adhesive is direct and the heat preservation effect, adhesive property is lower, cause easily to peel off under great external force long-term effect and drop, the heat preservation on moist wall body surface simultaneously peels off with weing easily, cause the bonding insecure, the easy accident that takes place.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a polyurethane-based heat-insulating decorative board, which is characterized in that a colloid non-woven fabric layer and a decorative layer are directly foamed, a large amount of carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups are introduced into the decorative layer and can absorb a large amount of glycol, the glycol solution can react with isocyanate groups of polyurethane raw materials in the foaming process, so that the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and a supporting isolation layer are mutually fused at the interface, the adhesive property between the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer is further improved, the decorative layer is not easy to crack and fall off, meanwhile, a large amount of isocyanate groups are impregnated and adsorbed in the non-woven fabric layer and can react with the alcoholic hydroxyl groups of polyether polyol in a polyurethane foaming material, the adhesive property between the non-woven fabric layer and the heat-insulating layer is further improved, the common production of the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer is effectively solved, and the phenomenon that hollowing or adhesive leakage is easily generated in, the heat insulation board is directly adhered to the surface of a wall body through the adhesive, and the adhesive is directly acted with the heat insulation layer, so that the heat insulation board is low in adhesive property and easy to peel off and fall off under the long-term action of large external force.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a heat-insulating decorative plate based on polyurethane comprises a colloidal non-woven fabric layer and a decorative layer, wherein a polyurethane raw material to be foamed is directly foamed between the colloidal non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer to obtain a decorative plate with a heat-insulating layer firmly adhered in the middle, then the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer in the decorative plate are subjected to hydrophobic treatment, then a layer of JQ-1 glue is sprayed on the surface of the colloidal non-woven fabric layer of the decorative plate after the hydrophobic treatment, and then the decorative plate is adhered and fixed on a substrate wall surface through a hydrophobic adhesive;

wherein the colloid non-woven fabric layer is prepared by loading JQ-1 glue on the surface of non-woven fabric; isocyanate groups in the JQ-1 adhesive can react with polyether polyol in polyurethane to improve the adhesive property of the heat-insulating layer and the colloidal non-woven fabric layer;

when the polyurethane raw material is foamed between the colloid non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer, the decorative layer is soaked and adsorbed with glycol solution; the glycol solution can react with isocyanate groups of polyurethane raw materials, so that the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the supporting isolation layer are mutually fused at the interface, the adhesive property between the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer is further improved, and the decorative layer is not easy to crack and fall off;

the hydrophobic treatment process of the decorative board comprises the following steps: adding the treating agent into a reaction container, heating to 50-55 ℃, then completely soaking the decorative plate in the treating agent, soaking for 25-30h, taking out and drying to obtain a hydrophobic decorative plate; the epoxy group in the treating agent can react with the amino group, the carboxyl group and the sulfonic group in the decorative layer, so that a layer of silane oxygen bond is introduced into the surface of the decorative layer, the prepared decorative layer has high hydrophobic property, the siloxane bond introduced into the acrylic emulsion inside the decorative layer enables the water absorption property of the decorative layer to be reduced although a large amount of water absorption groups are introduced into the decorative layer, meanwhile, the amino group generated after the reaction of the isocyanate group in the heat insulation layer can react with the epoxy group in the treating agent, so that the siloxane bond is introduced into the surface of the heat insulation layer, and meanwhile, the JQ-1 adhesive adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal non-woven fabric layer contains large isocyanate groups which can react with the epoxy group in the treating agent, so that a layer of siloxane bond is grafted on the;

the treating agent is one or two of 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane or 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane added into ethanol to prepare a treating agent solution with a mass concentration of 60%.

After the decorative board is subjected to hydrophobic treatment, a layer of JQ-1 glue is continuously coated on the surface of the colloidal non-woven fabric layer, hydroxyl generated by the ring-opening reaction of an epoxy group on the surface of the colloidal non-woven fabric layer and amino generated by the reaction of an isocyanate group are generated, the colloidal non-woven fabric layer is solid, the JQ-1 glue loaded on the colloidal non-woven fabric layer can not flow and can not react with the generated hydroxyl any more, and after a layer of JQ-1 glue is continuously coated, the generated hydroxyl can continuously react with the JQ-1 glue, so that the JQ-1 glue can be firmly adhered to the surface of the non-woven fabric layer, part of the isocyanate groups in the JQ-1 glue react, a large amount of the isocyanate groups are still unreacted and grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer and can react;

the polyurethane material to be foamed is prepared by uniformly stirring and mixing 100 parts of polyether polyol 3050, 10-13 parts of triethyl phosphate, 1.2-1.9 parts of silicone oil, 1.5-2.1 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate and 1-1.6 parts of distilled water, and then adding 112-118 parts of multi-time methyl polyphenyl polyisocyanate into the mixture and uniformly stirring the mixture;

the specific preparation process of the decorative layer is as follows:

step 1: dissolving sodium metabisulfite in water to prepare a sodium metabisulfite solution with the mass concentration of 50%, then simultaneously adding 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl triethoxysilane and the sodium metabisulfite solution into a reaction kettle, heating to 75-80 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4-5h, evaporating under reduced pressure to remove water, then slowly adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring for 1h, filtering out inorganic salts, concentrating the filtrate to half of the original filtrate, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 95%, freezing for 1-2h, filtering, and recrystallizing the obtained product with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain sulfo-group oxysilane;

preferably, in the step 1, 1.34kg of sodium pyrosulfate solution is added into each kg of 3-glycidyl ether oxypropyltriethoxysilane, 300mL of concentrated sulfuric acid is added, and 100mL of ethanol solution is added;

step 2: adding sulfooxy silane into water to prepare a modifier solution with the mass concentration of 30%, crushing and sieving soil and ore powder to obtain inorganic fine powder, adding the inorganic fine powder and the modifier solution into a reaction kettle simultaneously, heating to 105 ℃ and 110 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 5-6h, and then filtering and drying to obtain sulfonated inorganic fine powder; the sulfonic acid-based oxysilane contains siloxane bonds and can react with hydroxyl on the surface of the inorganic fine powder, so that sulfonic acid groups are introduced into the surface of the inorganic fine powder;

preferably, 2.5-2.6L of modifier solution is added into each kilogram of inorganic fine powder in the step 2;

and step 3: adding acrylamide, acrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane, sodium dodecyl sulfate and water into a stirring kettle, stirring and pre-emulsifying for 30-40min, simultaneously adding ammonium persulfate into the water to prepare an initiator solution with the mass concentration of 40%, then adding 1/3 of a pre-emulsifier, a pH buffer sodium bicarbonate solution and water into the reaction kettle, controlling the pH to be stabilized at about 6, heating to 80 ℃ under stirring, dropwise adding the rest of the pre-emulsifier and the initiator solution into the reaction kettle after blue light appears, controlling the dropwise adding to be complete within 2h, then carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-4h, cooling, filtering and discharging to obtain an acrylic emulsion; siloxane groups are introduced into the prepared acrylic emulsion to realize certain hydrophobic property, and simultaneously, a large amount of carboxyl and amino are introduced into the acrylic emulsion;

preferably, in step 3, the addition amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate is 3% of the total amount of the monomers, the addition amount of ammonium persulfate is 2.3% of the total amount of the monomers, and the ratio of the amounts of acrylic acid, acrylamide, methyl methacrylate and tetramethyl divinyl disiloxane is 1: 0.43-0.45:0.09-0.1: adding in the proportion of 0.16-0.17;

and 4, step 4: uniformly stirring and mixing sulfonated inorganic fine powder, acrylic emulsion, octyl polymethylsiloxane, azodicarbonamide, a coloring agent and water, coating the mixture on a template, curing at 80-140 ℃, and demolding to obtain a decorative layer, wherein a large amount of sulfonic acid groups are introduced into the sulfonated inorganic fine powder, and a large amount of carboxyl and amino are contained in the acrylic emulsion, so that a large amount of sulfonic acid groups, carboxyl and amino are introduced into the prepared decorative layer;

preferably, the sulfonated inorganic fine powder, the acrylic emulsion, the octyl methicone, the azodicarbonamide, the colorant and the water in the step 4 are mixed according to the mass ratio of 43-49: 36-38: 0-7: 2-7: 1-4: 3-8, and the colorant is water-soluble organic and inorganic pigment.

The hydrophobic adhesive is prepared by adding 6.8-6.9% of hydroxyl silicone oil into the adhesive of the external wall insulation board, uniformly mixing the purchased adhesive of the external wall insulation board and water according to the mass ratio of 4:1, adding the hydroxyl silicone oil into the mixture, and uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture to obtain the hydrophobic adhesive.

The specific preparation method of the polyurethane-based heat-insulation decorative plate comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding a non-woven fabric into JQ-1 glue, soaking for 3-5min, taking out, and drying to obtain a glue-coated non-woven fabric;

secondly, soaking the decorative layer in an ethylene glycol solution at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ for 20-24h, fishing out the decorative layer, wiping off redundant ethylene glycol on the surface, fixing the wiped decorative layer below a mold, fixing a glue-coated non-woven fabric on the mold, injecting a polyurethane material to be foamed into the mold, covering the mold, keeping the mold pressed, and opening the mold after the rigid polyurethane foam expands to obtain the decorative plate; at the moment, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer is formed between the decorative layer and the glued non-woven fabric, the polyurethane has certain bonding performance and can be bonded with the decorative layer and the glued non-woven fabric, meanwhile, because the polyurethane raw material contains a large number of isocyanate groups and can react with ethylene glycol soaked and adsorbed in the decorative layer, the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the supporting and isolating layer are mutually fused at the interface, the bonding performance between the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer is further improved, the decorative layer is not easy to crack and fall off, and the surface of the glued non-woven fabric contains a large number of isocyanate groups and can react with alcoholic hydroxyl of polyether polyol contained in a polyurethane material to be foamed, so that the bonding strength between the non-woven fabric glued and the polyurethane heat-insulating layer is;

thirdly, adding the treating agent into a reaction container, heating to 60-65 ℃, then completely soaking the decorative plate in the heated treating agent, taking out and drying after soaking for 24-28h to obtain a hydrophobic decorative plate;

and fourthly, spraying a layer of JQ-1 adhesive on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer of the hydrophobic decorative plate, coating the hydrophobic adhesive on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer after the adhesive film is dried, wherein the coating thickness is 3.5-4mm, and then directly sticking the decorative plate on the wall surface of the matrix through the hydrophobic adhesive.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention directly foams between the colloid non-woven fabric layer and the decorative layer, because a large amount of carboxyl and sulfonic acid groups are introduced into the decorative layer, a large amount of glycol can be absorbed, the glycol solution can react with isocyanate groups of polyurethane raw materials in the foaming process, and further the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the supporting and isolating layer are mutually fused at the interface, the adhesive property between the polyurethane heat-insulating layer and the decorative layer is further improved, the decorative layer is not easy to crack and fall off, simultaneously, because a large amount of isocyanate groups are impregnated and adsorbed in the non-woven fabric layer, the polyurethane heat-insulating layer can react with the alcoholic hydroxyl of polyether polyol in a polyurethane foaming material, and further the adhesive property between the non-woven fabric layer and the heat-insulating layer is improved, and further the problem that the common production of the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer is easy to generate hollowing or, the heat insulation board is directly adhered to the surface of a wall body through the adhesive, and the adhesive is directly acted with the heat insulation layer, so that the heat insulation board is low in adhesive property and easy to peel off and fall off under the long-term action of large external force.

2. According to the invention, the decorative plate is subjected to hydrophobic treatment by the treating agent, so that the prepared decorative plate has higher hydrophobic property and can effectively prevent moisture.

3. According to the invention, the non-woven fabric layer is arranged on one surface of the decorative plate instead of being directly bonded with the wall body through the heat insulation layer, and the non-woven fabric layer has reduced roughness and large surface clearance compared with the heat insulation layer, so that the contact area between the hydrophobic adhesive and the decorative plate is enlarged, and the adhesive strength of the hydrophobic adhesive is improved.

4. According to the invention, the JQ-1 glue is sprayed on the non-woven fabric layer on the surface of the decorative plate, so that the reaction of the JQ-1 glue with hydroxyl in the hydrophobic adhesive is improved, and after hydroxyl silicone oil is added into the hydrophobic adhesive, siloxane bonds in the JQ-1 glue can react with inorganic materials in concrete, so that the adhesive property between the decorative plate and the concrete is further improved, and meanwhile, the hydrophobicity of the adhesive is improved due to the introduction of the hydroxyl silicone oil.

Detailed Description

In the preparation process of the decorative plate, each layer of material needs to be prepared, and performance test is carried out on each prepared layer of material, wherein the performance test of each layer of material in the embodiment of the invention refers to the following steps:

and (3) testing the peel strength: reference is made to GB/T2790-1995 test standard;

tensile shear strength test: reference is made to the GB/T7124-2008 test standard;