阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于小曲线转弯的斜井tbm (Inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning ) 是由 刘飞香 程永亮 彭正阳 巫敏 尹建超 谢铮 柯威 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于小曲线转弯的斜井TBM,包括：可变径的刀盘,刀盘用以掘挖隧道；可变径的前盾,前盾与刀盘相连,前盾能够抵撑隧道洞壁；与前盾连接的主推进机构,主推进机构用以驱动前盾运动以控制刀盘的掘进方向。上述适用于小曲线转弯的斜井TBM通过主推进机构驱动前盾运动,从而可以调节刀盘的掘进方向,以满足隧道掘进方向需要改变时的转弯需求,同时可通过刀盘和前盾的变径操作来适应超小半径转弯。与传统无法采用掘进机技术进行反井隧道施工的掘进机相比,上述适用于小曲线转弯的斜井TBM可以适应变径、小转弯、正斜井和反斜井的掘进施工。(The invention discloses a kind of inclined shaft TBM which is suitable for small curve turning, it includes: the variable-diameter cutter head is used for digging a tunnel; the front shield is connected with the cutter head and can support the tunnel wall; and the main propelling mechanism is connected with the front shield and is used for driving the front shield to move so as to control the tunneling direction of the cutter head. The inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning drives the front shield to move through the main propulsion mechanism, so that the tunneling direction of the cutter head can be adjusted to meet the turning requirement when the tunneling direction of a tunnel needs to be changed, and meanwhile, the ultra-small radius turning can be adapted through the reducing operation of the cutter head and the front shield. Compared with the traditional heading machine which cannot adopt the heading machine technology to carry out reverse tunnel construction, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning can adapt to the heading construction of reducing, small turning, a positive inclined shaft and a reverse inclined shaft.)

1. A slant entry TBM adapted for use in tight curve turns, comprising:

the variable-diameter cutter head (1), the cutter head (1) is used for excavating a tunnel;

the variable-diameter anterior shield (2), the anterior shield (2) is connected with the cutter head (1), and the anterior shield (2) can support the tunnel wall;

and the main propulsion mechanism (4) is connected with the front shield (2), and the main propulsion mechanism (4) is used for driving the front shield (2) to move so as to control the tunneling direction of the cutter head (1).

2. The deviated well TBM adapted for small curve turns according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutterhead (1) comprises:

a cutter head middle block (101);

a plurality of edge block assemblies detachably connected to the periphery of the cutterhead middle block (101);

and a cutterhead connecting block (102) detachably connected with the cutterhead middle block (101) is further arranged between any two adjacent side block assemblies.

3. The deviated well TBM adapted for small curve turning according to claim 2, characterized in that the foreshield (2) comprises:

the central connecting block (209) is connected with the cutterhead middle block (101);

a plurality of shields which are detachably connected to the periphery of the central connecting block (209) and can perform telescopic motion along the radial direction of the central connecting block (209).

4. The deviated well TBM suitable for small curve turning according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a tightening shield (5) is further connected to the main propulsion mechanism (4), and at least two auxiliary tightening mechanisms (8) are further arranged on one side of the tightening shield (5) far away from the main propulsion mechanism (4); when the cutter head (1) digs a tunnel, the tightening shield (5) and all the auxiliary tightening mechanisms (8) are used for propping against the tunnel wall.

5. The deviated well TBM for small curve turns according to claim 4, wherein any one of the auxiliary tightening mechanisms (8) comprises:

a slag sliding channel (801) which is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary tightening mechanism (8) and used for gathering the dug crushed slag to output the crushed slag;

two supporting shoes (802) which are arranged above the slag sliding channel (801), are respectively arranged on two sides of the auxiliary supporting mechanism (8) and are used for supporting the wall of the tunnel;

at least one group of tightening thrust mechanisms (803) for driving the supporting shoes (802) to move in an extending and contracting manner are arranged on the inner side of any supporting shoe (802).

6. A deviated well TBM suitable for use in tight curve turns according to claim 5, wherein the outside of any one of said shoes (802) is provided with an anti-skid component for raising friction.

7. The inclined shaft TBM suitable for the small curve turning as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least two elastic anti-slip components (804) are further arranged on any one of the supporting shoes (802) for preventing the supporting shoes (802) from slipping down along the tunnel wall when the cutterhead (1) digs in the inclined shaft.

8. The slant well TBM suitable for tight curve turns of claim 7, wherein any one of said resilient anti-slip assemblies (804) comprises a wedge slidably connected to said shoe (802) for abutting against the tunnel wall when said shoe (802) slides down and a pretensioned spring connected to said wedge.

9. The slant well TBM adapted for small curve turns of claim 8, further comprising:

a first slag discharging device (9011) used for outputting slag when the cutter head (1) is dug in a horizontal hole;

and the second slag discharging device (9012) is arranged below the first slag discharging device (9011) and used for outputting crushed slag when the cutter head (1) digs an inclined shaft.

10. The deviated well TBM adapted for tight curve turning according to claim 9, characterized in that a jumbolter system (6) is provided between the tightening shield (5) and the auxiliary tightening mechanism (8) near one side of the tightening shield (5), said jumbolter system (6) comprising:

an endless track (601);

the rock drill (602) is arranged on the annular track (601) and can slide along the annular track (601);

a hydraulic thruster (603) connected to the rock drilling machine (602) for propelling the rock drilling machine (602) in motion.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling, in particular to a TBM (tunnel boring machine) for a deviated well with a small curve turning.

Background

The heading machine technology represents the latest generation of tunnel heading technology, has the outstanding advantages of high construction efficiency, safety, reliability, less over-under excavation, high mechanization degree and the like, and is the optimal scheme for tunnel construction at present.

Taking the construction of a pumped storage power station as an example, a plurality of tunnels need to be built between two reservoirs with a certain height drop, so that the functions of energy storage, power generation, material personnel transportation and the like are realized. The tunnel has the characteristics of large gradient, long distance, alternate positive and negative inclined shafts, multi-section turning and diameter changing. At present, the drilling and blasting method is mainly adopted for construction, and the method has a series of problems of prominent safety problem, difficult quality control, low efficiency and the like. Under the prior art, a series of problems of supporting, deslagging, supporting, material transportation and the like are required to be solved for realizing the raise boring construction, and some high-difficulty projects need the boring machine to have the capability of turning with an ultra-small radius, which puts high requirements on the integral structure design and the internal space arrangement of the boring machine.

Therefore, how to avoid the problem that the traditional heading machine cannot meet the construction requirement of the raise-shaft tunnel is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a slant shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning, which can realize the tunneling construction of variable diameter, small turning, a positive slant shaft and a reverse slant shaft and can solve the problems of ultra-small radius turning, large-gradient slant shaft slag tapping, anti-slip and the like in the reverse construction process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deviated well TBM suitable for a small curve turning, comprising:

the variable-diameter cutter head is used for excavating a tunnel;

the front shield is connected with the cutter head and can support the tunnel wall;

and the main propulsion mechanism is connected with the front shield and used for driving the front shield to move so as to control the tunneling direction of the cutter head.

Optionally, the cutter head comprises:

a cutter head middle block;

the edge block assemblies are detachably connected to the periphery of the cutterhead middle block;

and a cutterhead connecting block detachably connected with the cutterhead middle block is further arranged between any two adjacent edge block assemblies.

Optionally, the anterior shield comprises:

the central connecting block is connected with the cutterhead middle block;

the shield is detachably connected to the periphery of the central connecting block and can move in a telescopic mode along the radial direction of the central connecting block.

Optionally, the main propulsion mechanism is further connected with a tightening shield, and at least two auxiliary tightening mechanisms are further arranged on one side of the tightening shield, which is far away from the main propulsion mechanism; when the cutter head digs the tunnel, the supporting shield and all the auxiliary supporting mechanisms are used for supporting the tunnel wall.

Optionally, any of the auxiliary tightening mechanisms comprises:

the slag sliding channel is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary tightening mechanism and used for gathering the excavated crushed slag to output the crushed slag;

the two supporting shoes are arranged above the slag sliding channel, are respectively arranged at two sides of the auxiliary supporting mechanism and are used for supporting the wall of the tunnel;

at least one group of tightening thrust mechanisms for driving the supporting shoes to do telescopic motion are arranged on the inner side of any supporting shoe.

Optionally, the outer part of any one of the supporting shoes is provided with an anti-skid component for improving friction force.

Optionally, at least two elastic anti-slip components are further arranged on any one of the supporting shoes for preventing the supporting shoes from sliding down along the wall of the tunnel when the cutterhead is used for inclined shaft excavation.

Optionally, any one of the elastic anti-slip assemblies comprises a wedge block which is slidably connected to the supporting shoe and is used for abutting against the wall of the tunnel when the supporting shoe slides downwards, and a pre-tightening spring connected with the wedge block.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

the first slag discharging device is used for outputting slag when the cutter head is used for digging a flat hole;

and the second slag discharging device is arranged below the first slag discharging device and used for outputting slag when the cutter head digs the inclined shaft.

Optionally, prop tight shield and be close to prop tight shield one side be equipped with the jumbolter system between the supplementary tight mechanism of propping, the jumbolter system includes:

an annular track;

the rock drill is arranged on the annular track and can slide along the annular track;

and the hydraulic propeller is connected with the rock drilling machine and used for pushing the rock drilling machine to move.

Compared with the prior art, the invention designs the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning aiming at different requirements of reverse shaft construction, and particularly, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning comprises a variable-diameter cutter head, a variable-diameter front shield and a main propelling mechanism, wherein the cutter head is used for excavating a tunnel; the front shield is connected with the cutter head and can support the tunnel wall, so that supporting force is provided for the TBM to ensure the stability of the TBM; the main propulsion mechanism is connected with the front shield and used for driving the front shield to move so as to control the tunneling direction of the cutter head. That is to say, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for the small curve turning drives the front shield to move through the main propulsion mechanism, so that the tunneling direction of the cutter head can be adjusted to meet the turning requirement when the tunneling direction needs to be changed, and meanwhile, the cutter head and the front shield are both of variable-diameter structures, so that when the TBM is subjected to ultra-small-radius turning, the ultra-small-radius turning can be adapted through the variable-diameter operation of the cutter head and the front shield. Compared with the traditional heading machine which cannot adopt the heading machine technology to carry out reverse tunnel construction, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning can adapt to the heading construction of reducing, small turning, a positive inclined shaft and a reverse inclined shaft.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slant well TBM suitable for a small curve turning according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cutter head of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the anterior shield of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the auxiliary tightening mechanism of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the resilient anti-skid assembly with the shoe;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the system of the drill-pipe rig of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a slag tapping system and a water cooling system of the rear mating system in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable voltage power supply system and an air supply system of the rear mating system in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a vertical curve extra-small turning radius raise boring by the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning provided by the invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter of the slant hole TBM suitable for a small curve turning according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

1-cutter head, 101-cutter head middle block, 102-cutter head connecting block, 103-middle transition block, 104-edge block, 105-cutter, 2-front shield, 201-first shield, 202-first oil cylinder, 203-second shield, 204-second oil cylinder, 205-third shield, 206-third oil cylinder, 207-fourth shield, 208-fourth oil cylinder, 209-center connecting block, 3-main drive, 4-main propulsion mechanism, 5-tightening shield, 6-anchor rod drilling machine system, 601-circular track, 602-rock drilling machine, 603-hydraulic propeller, 7-hinged oil cylinder, 8-auxiliary tightening mechanism, 801-slag chute channel, 802-tightening shoe, 803-tightening thrust mechanism, 804-elastic anti-slip component, 9-rear matching system, 901-slag discharging system, 9011-first slag discharging device, 9012-second slag discharging device, 902-water cooling system, 903-variable voltage power supply system, 904-air supply system and 10-spraying mixing system.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning, which can realize the tunneling construction of variable diameter, small turning, a positive inclined shaft and a reverse inclined shaft and can solve the problems of ultra-small radius turning, large-gradient inclined shaft slag tapping, anti-sliding and the like in the reverse construction process.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

It should be noted that the following directional terms such as "upper end, lower end, left side, right side" and the like are defined based on the drawings of the specification.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slant entry TBM suitable for a small curve turning according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cutter head of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the anterior shield of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the auxiliary tightening mechanism of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the resilient anti-skid assembly with the shoe; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the system of the drill-pipe rig of FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a slag tapping system and a water cooling system of the rear mating system in FIG. 1; FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable voltage power supply system and an air supply system of the rear mating system in FIG. 1; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a vertical curve extra-small turning radius raise boring by the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning provided by the invention; fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the variable diameter of the slant hole TBM suitable for a small curve turning according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The inclined shaft TBM (the TBM is a full-section tunnel boring machine) suitable for small curve turning provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a cutter head 1, a front shield 2, a main drive 3 and a main propelling mechanism 4; the cutter head 1 is connected with a main drive 3, and the main drive 3 provides torque for the cutter head 1; the cutter head 1 is a diameter-variable cutter head 1, the front shield 2 is a diameter-variable front shield 2, and the cutter head 1 is used for digging a tunnel; the front shield 2 is connected with the cutter head 1, and the main function of the front shield 2 is to shield the main drive 3 and also to provide auxiliary support, namely the front shield 2 can support the tunnel wall, so as to provide support force for the TBM to ensure the stability of the TBM; the main propulsion mechanism 4 is connected with the front shield 2, the main propulsion mechanism 4 provides thrust for the cutter head 1, and the main propulsion mechanism 4 is used for driving the front shield 2 to move so as to control the tunneling direction of the cutter head 1.

Of course, according to actual needs, the cutter head 1 may be configured as a combined structure, and the combined structure may include a plurality of detachably connected modules, so that the purpose of reducing the radius of the cutter head 1 may be achieved by detaching the corresponding modules; the anterior shield 2 can be set to be in a structure capable of stretching and retracting along the radial direction of the anterior shield 2, so that the purposes of reducing diameter and supporting the tunnel wall can be achieved through the stretching and retracting movement of the anterior shield 2.

In addition, the main propulsion mechanism 4 may be configured to include a plurality of groups of main propulsion cylinders, and preferably, according to the driving requirements of the positive and negative inclined shafts, four groups of main propulsion cylinders may be provided, the four groups of main propulsion cylinders may be respectively disposed in four directions, i.e., up, down, left, and right, and the four groups of main propulsion cylinders may independently control the telescopic state, so as to provide propulsion and realize directional control of the front shield 2 and the cutter head 1 through the main propulsion cylinders. For example, when the heading machine needs to be changed from a horizontal tunnel heading mode to a reverse inclined shaft heading mode, the upper main thrust oil cylinder can be locked, the lower main thrust oil cylinder is extended, the cutter head 1 tilts backwards under the action of gravity, the contact amount of the extending position of the cutter head 1 and the wall of the tunnel is increased, and the angle of 'head raising' of the heading machine can be controlled by matching with the main thrust oil cylinder, so that the turning with an ultra-small radius is realized. The "heads down" operation of the roadheader is then the opposite of the above-described operation, where it will not be deployed one by one.

Of course, the number of the main propulsion cylinders can be increased or decreased according to the size of the heading machine and the engineering geological conditions so as to improve the economic benefit and the geological adaptability, and the main propulsion cylinders are not particularly limited in this document. The main propulsion oil cylinder can also be provided with various sensors to monitor and feed back parameters such as the angle, the stroke, the thrust, the propulsion speed and the like of the oil cylinder in real time.

Therefore, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning drives the front shield 2 to move through the main propulsion mechanism 4, so that the tunneling direction of the cutter head 1 can be adjusted to meet the turning requirement when the tunneling direction needs to be changed, and meanwhile, the cutter head 1 and the front shield 2 are both of variable-diameter structures, so that when the TBM is turned in an ultra-small radius, the ultra-small radius turning can be adapted through the variable-diameter operation of the cutter head 1 and the front shield 2. Compared with the traditional heading machine which cannot adopt the heading machine technology to carry out reverse tunnel construction, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning can adapt to the heading construction of reducing, small turning, a positive inclined shaft and a reverse inclined shaft.

Further, the cutter head 1 may be specifically set to a combination mode of a cutter head middle block 101+ a cutter head connecting block 102+ an edge block assembly, and specifically, the cutter head 1 includes a cutter head middle block 101 located in the middle of the cutter head 1 and a plurality of edge block assemblies detachably connected to the periphery of the cutter head middle block 101; and a cutterhead connecting block 102 detachably connected to the cutterhead middle block 101 is further arranged between any two adjacent side block assemblies.

Of course, according to actual needs, the cutterhead middle block 101 may be configured to have a hexagonal structure, six edges of the corresponding cutterhead middle block 101 are all detachably connected with an edge block assembly, any edge block assembly may include an edge block 104 and a middle transition block 103 arranged between the edge block 104 and the cutterhead middle block 101, and connection modes between modules of the cutterhead 1 include, but are not limited to, a rail type, a bolt type, a welding type, and the like.

Therefore, the cutter head 1 adopts a modular design, so that the hoisting difficulty of the cutter head 1 can be effectively reduced, and the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the cutter head 1 during diameter changing is improved. When the diameter is changed in the hole, the cutter head connecting block 102 and the middle transition block 103 can be removed, namely the edge block 104 is directly connected with the cutter head middle block 101, so that the diameter of the cutter head 1 can be effectively reduced; in addition, cutters 105 are arranged on the cutterhead middle block 101, the cutterhead connecting block 102 and the edge block assembly, the cutters 105 provided by the application include but are not limited to a double-body center hob, a front hob and an edge hob, and the number of the hobs and the distribution mode of the hobs on the cutterhead 1 are determined after calculation in the design stage according to construction geology and the size of a heading machine.

In the embodiment of the invention, the anterior shield 2 can be set to include a central connecting block 209 and a plurality of shields, wherein the central connecting block 209 is arranged in the center of the anterior shield 2 and connected with the cutterhead middle block 101; a plurality of shields are detachably connected to the periphery of the central connecting block 209, and the shields can move in a telescopic manner along the radial direction of the central connecting block 209.

Specifically, the front shield 2 may include a central connection block 209, the central connection block 209 is provided with a first shield 201, a first cylinder 202, a second shield 203, a second cylinder 204, a third shield 205, a third cylinder 206, a fourth shield 207, and a fourth cylinder 208, and as shown in fig. 3, the first shield 201, the second shield 203, the third shield 205, and the fourth shield 207 are respectively disposed at four positions, i.e., up, down, left, and right, of the front shield 2. The first shield 201 is connected with the central connecting block 209 through the first oil cylinder 202, the first shield 201 has a telescopic function under the action of the first oil cylinder 202, and the first shield 201 can be detached if necessary to achieve the purpose of reducing the diameter of the front shield 2, similarly, the second shield 203, the third shield 205 and the fourth shield 207 can also be connected in the same connecting mode and have the same function, namely the second shield 203 is connected with the central connecting block 209 through the second oil cylinder 204, the third shield 205 is connected with the central connecting block 209 through the third oil cylinder 206, and the fourth shield 207 is connected with the central connecting block 209 through the fourth oil cylinder 208.

Thus, the combined type anterior shield 2 has the advantages that: the upper shield, the lower shield, the left shield, the right shield and the left shield can tightly support the tunnel wall, provide supporting force for the development machine and keep the stability of the development machine; when the heading machine makes a turn with an ultra-small radius, the upper, lower, left and right shields can be retracted to reduce the peripheral diameter of the front shield 2, so that the front shield 2 is adaptive to the turn with the ultra-small radius; when the heading machine changes the diameter, the upper shield, the lower shield, the left shield and the right shield can be removed, and the purpose of changing the diameter is achieved.

It should be noted that the shape of the shell of the anterior shield 2 includes, but is not limited to, a straight cylinder shape, a spherical shape, and any other cross-sectional shape that is beneficial for reducing the turning radius; for example, when a smaller turning radius is required, the shapes of the first shield 201 and the second shield 203 can be changed from a straight cylindrical shape to a spherical shape with a larger curvature, so as to further reduce the size of the cross section during turning, and thus, the interference during turning can be prevented.

The TBM diameter-changing step in the hole comprises the following steps: the cutter head 1 and the front shield 2 are subjected to diameter changing, as shown in fig. 10, when the diameter of the section of the tunnel is reduced in the tunneling process, the cutter head 1 is subjected to diameter changing: as shown in fig. 2, the edge blocks 104 are sequentially removed, then the middle transition block 103 and the cutterhead connecting block 102 are sequentially removed, the middle transition block 103 and the cutterhead connecting block 102 are transported out of the hole, and the edge blocks 104 are sequentially assembled on six edges of the cutterhead middle block 101, so that the diameter reduction of the cutterhead 1 is completed, the diameter expansion of the cutterhead 1 is opposite to the process, and the method also belongs to the protection range of the application. Front shield 2 reducing: the first shield 201, the second shield 203, the third shield 205 and the fourth shield 207 are firstly withdrawn, then the second shield 203, the first shield 201, the third shield 205 and the fourth shield 207 are sequentially dismantled, specifically, the tight support is realized through the tight support shield 5, the main thrust cylinder pushes the front shield 2 to move forward, the second shield 203, the first shield 201, the third shield 205 and the fourth shield 207 enter a front shield 2 shelling area, at the moment, the second shield 203, the first shield 201, the third shield 205 and the fourth shield 207 are transported out of the hole, and the front shield 2 finishes diameter reduction.

In order to optimize the embodiment, the main propulsion mechanism 4 is also connected with a tightening shield 5, and the front shield 2 and the tightening shield 5 are connected through a main propulsion cylinder; at least two auxiliary tightening mechanisms 8 are arranged on one side of the tightening shield 5 far away from the main propelling mechanism 4; when the cutter head 1 digs a tunnel, the bracing shield 5 and all the auxiliary bracing mechanisms 8 are used for propping against the tunnel wall.

Specifically, the number of the auxiliary tightening mechanisms 8 may be two, and the two sets of the auxiliary tightening mechanisms may be respectively disposed on both sides of the rear support system 9. Any one of the auxiliary tightening mechanisms 8 can comprise a slag chute 801 and two supporting shoes 802, wherein the slag chute 801 is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary tightening mechanism 8, and compared with the traditional supporting shoe 802 structure, in a construction state of a reverse inclined shaft, the slag chute 801 is used for gathering dug crushed slag so as to output the crushed slag; the two supporting shoes 802 are arranged above the slag chute 801 and are respectively arranged at two sides of the auxiliary supporting mechanism 8, and the supporting shoes 802 are used for supporting the tunnel wall.

Preferably, at least one group of tightening thrust mechanisms 803 for driving the supporting shoes 802 to perform telescopic motion is arranged on the inner side of any supporting shoe 802, the tightening thrust mechanisms 803 can also be set to be thrust cylinders, and the tightening thrust mechanisms 803 are specifically large thrust cylinders, so that a multistage adjustable mode is provided, and proper tightening force can be selected according to different geological conditions to avoid overhigh ground pressure ratio.

In addition, an anti-slip component for improving the friction force is arranged outside any supporting shoe 802, and the anti-slip component comprises but is not limited to anti-slip lines, anti-slip nets, anti-slip blocks and other design measures which are beneficial to improving the surface friction force of the supporting shoe 802; the shoe 802 also has a high effective support area design, and the shape of the shoe 802 includes, but is not limited to, arc, sphere, and strip, all of which are useful for increasing the effective support area.

Above-mentioned prop tight shield 5 also can set up to telescopic integrated configuration, simultaneously, prop and reserved the space in the tight shield 5, can install advance drilling equipment according to the engineering needs in the space to the realization carries out advance drilling to the holding surface, ensures holding surface geological structure stable, and can advance the slip casting in advance drilling inside, advance the reinforcement to bad geology.

In order to improve the stability of the heading machine in the construction process of a reverse inclined shaft, at least two elastic anti-slip assemblies 804 are further arranged on any supporting shoe 802, and when the cutterhead 1 performs inclined shaft excavation, the elastic anti-slip assemblies 804 are used for preventing the supporting shoes 802 from sliding downwards along the wall of the tunnel. Preferably, two elastic anti-slip components 804 which are oppositely arranged can be arranged behind the supporting shoe 802, the elastic anti-slip components 804 can be set to be mechanical anti-slip devices, the mechanical anti-slip devices are specifically wedge blocks which are self-pre-tightened by pre-tightening springs, the wedge blocks can be set to be triangular wedge blocks, the triangular wedge blocks can be slidably connected behind the supporting shoe 802, once the heading machine slides downwards, the gravity of the whole machine is converted into positive pressure to the triangular wedge blocks, so that the wedge blocks are tightly abutted to the wall of the tunnel, and the self-locking function is achieved. The elastic anti-slip component 804 is simple in structure and convenient to maintain.

The inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning is further provided with an anchor rod drilling machine system 6, a rear matching system 9 and a spraying and mixing system 10, wherein the anchor rod drilling machine system 6 comprises an annular track 601, a rock drilling machine 602 and a hydraulic propeller 603, the hydraulic propeller 603 and the rock drilling machine 602 are arranged on the annular track 601, the hydraulic propeller 603 is connected with the rock drilling machine 602, and the hydraulic propeller 603 can push the rock drilling machine 602 to slide along the annular track 601, so that anchor rod supporting operation in a 240-degree range of the top of the tunneling machine can be realized, and an anchor rod concrete supporting part can be arranged; the shotcrete system 10 has the concrete lifting, mixing, spraying, etc. functions of a conventional shotcrete system 10, and will not be deployed one by one here.

The rear supporting system 9 can comprise main components such as a slag tapping system 901, a water cooling system 902, a variable-voltage power supply system 903, an air supply system 904 and the like, the rear supporting system 9 comprises functions of the rear supporting system 9 of a conventional tunnel boring machine, including but not limited to slag tapping, water cooling, power supply, air supply and the like, and it is noted that the rear supporting system 9 provided by the application is compatible with two sets of slag tapping systems 901, wherein a first slag tapping device 9011 is used for outputting crushed slag when the cutter head 1 is used for tunnel excavation; the second slag discharging device 9012 is arranged below the first slag discharging device 9011, and the second slag discharging device 9012 is used for outputting crushed slag when the cutter head 1 performs inclined shaft excavation.

Of course, according to actual needs, the first slag discharging device 9011 may be specifically configured as a continuous belt conveyor, and the second slag discharging device 9012 may be specifically configured as a slag belt conveyor for slag discharging in an inclined shaft section, and in terms of installation form, the continuous belt conveyor reserves an installation space for the slag belt conveyor for slag discharging in a reverse inclined shaft section; the slag-transferring belt conveyor starts from the tail part of the heading machine tightening shield 5, and when the heading machine enters an inclined shaft mode, rock slag slipping down from a slag slipping channel 801 below the tightening shield 5 is collected and conveyed to the tail part of a rear matching machine.

In addition, the slag discharging system 901 has the capability of quickly switching from a flat tunnel mode to a reverse inclined shaft mode, and two sets of slag discharging system devices can work simultaneously in the process of turning a vertical curve; preferably, the slag tapping system 901 further has a manual installation mode and an automatic pavement switching mode, and the automatic pavement switching mode is selected to realize the quick and quick opening and closing of the belt conveyor function under the condition that a small amount of inner space of the heading machine is occupied.

On the basis, the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning can realize a step-by-step changing mode so as to ensure that at least two sets of supporting devices of the heading machine play a role in the step changing process, and the safety during step changing is effectively improved while the construction efficiency is considered.

The step-by-step changing mode can be set as follows: in the normal tunneling stage of the tunneling machine, the support shield 5 and the two-side support boots 802 support the tunnel wall tightly, the four shields of the front shield 2 are retracted, and the main propulsion oil cylinder provides the tunneling thrust; in the resetting stage of the support shield 5, the two side support boots 802 and the front shield 2 support the wall of the hole tightly, and the main oil cylinder is pushed to retract; in the resetting stage of the rear matching system 9, the front shield 2 and the support shield 5 tightly support the wall of the hole, the support shoes 802 on the two sides are retracted, and the hinged oil cylinder 7 acts to drive the rear matching system 9 to reset, thereby completing a step changing cycle.

The realization mode of the inclined shaft is as follows: firstly, the TBM turns downwards, the specific mode is that the first shield 201 and the second shield 203 are properly retracted to reduce the peripheral radius of the front shield 2, and then the main propulsion oil cylinder is matched to control the downward inclination angle of the cutter head 1 so as to enable the cutter head 1 to turn downwards and tunnel obliquely, when the cutter head turns to a preset inclination angle, the main propulsion oil cylinder is adjusted to stop the cutter head 1 from turning, the TBM keeps a certain inclination angle for tunneling, the specific step changing mode is the step changing mode, the slag discharging mode adopts a first slag discharging device 9011 to discharge slag, and the maximum angle of the positive inclined shaft can reach 32 degrees.

The realization mode of the reverse inclined shaft is as follows: firstly, the TBM turns upwards, the first shield 201 and the second shield 203 are withdrawn properly to reduce the radius of the periphery of the front shield 2, meanwhile, after the second shield 203 is withdrawn, the cutter head 1 tilts backwards under the action of gravity, the angle of the heading machine's head-up' can be controlled by matching with the main propulsion oil cylinder, the turning with ultra-small radius is realized, when the ascending angle of the TBM meets the requirement, the main propulsion oil cylinder is adjusted to stop the steering of the cutter head 1, the TBM keeps a certain ascending angle to tunnel upwards, the step changing mode of the TBM is the step changing mode, the slag discharging mode of the inclined shaft adopts the combination mode of the slag chute 801 and the second slag discharging device 9012, the slag in the cutter head 1 passes through the slag chute 801 to the second slag discharging device 9012, then the second slag discharging device 9012 transports the slag out, and the maximum angle of the inclined shaft can reach 60 degrees.

It is emphasized that the inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning provided by the application can realize continuous switching tunneling of a flat tunnel, a positive inclined shaft and a reverse inclined shaft.

Compared with the prior art, the inclined shaft TBM applicable to small curve turning provided by the application has the following advantages:

the arrangement of the variable-diameter cutter head 1 can effectively meet various tunnel section requirements, rapid tunnel expanding excavation is realized, the assembly difficulty of the cutter head 1 can be greatly reduced by the variable-diameter cutter head 1 structure, and the construction efficiency is improved;

secondly, continuous tunneling construction of a flat tunnel, a reverse inclined shaft and a forward inclined shaft can be realized;

thirdly, due to the specific small turning structure design, the turning radius of the tunneling machine can be automatically controlled, and the turning radius in the vertical direction can be smaller than 30 m;

fourthly, three sets of mechanical supporting devices are provided, and the safety of the construction of the large-inclination-angle reverse inclined shaft can be guaranteed by an original step-by-step changing mode and the cooperation of the elastic anti-slip component and the anchor rod concrete supporting piece;

fifthly, slag tapping and supporting are designed in a targeted manner, so that the construction requirement of the reverse inclined shaft is met; the two sets of independent slag discharging devices can ensure the stability and continuity of slag discharging in the flat tunnel mode and the reverse inclined shaft mode;

sixthly, the anti-slip and anti-overturning design is pertinently adopted, so that the construction safety coefficient of the reverse inclined shaft is further improved;

seventhly, intelligent roofbolter control system and spout the system of mixing effectively reduce tunnel construction manpower requirement.

It is noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity from another entity without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities.

The present invention provides a kind of inclined shaft TBM suitable for small curve turning. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the concepts of the present invention and the core concepts thereof. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.