阅读说明：本技术 一种精准高效多级冷凝分离设备 (Accurate high-efficient multistage condensation splitter ) 是由 尹凤福 孙启坤 王晓东 刘广阔 郭磊 张德伟 汪传生 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种精准高效多级冷凝分离设备,包括相互连接的冷凝装置与裂解装置,裂解装置包括裂解炉、输送管道、重油收集桶、净化桶、中油收集桶、轻油收集桶、保温箱a、保温箱b、输送管道；裂解炉一端连接重油收集桶、三通管另一端通过输送管道连接一级冷凝装置的蒸发室输入端,蒸发室下方连通有中油收集桶,蒸发室输出端通过输送管道与二级冷凝装置的蒸发室输入端连通,二级冷凝装置的蒸发室下方连通有轻油收集桶,二级冷凝装置的蒸发室输出端与保温箱连接,保温箱的输出管道与净化桶连通,净化桶与裂解炉连通；本发明解决了现有技术中裂解冷凝后只可以获得一定很大范围值的油状物,裂解不同的油状物混杂需进一步进行分离的问题。(The invention discloses accurate and efficient multistage condensation separation equipment which comprises a condensation device and a cracking device which are connected with each other, wherein the cracking device comprises a cracking furnace, a conveying pipeline, a heavy oil collecting barrel, a purifying barrel, an intermediate oil collecting barrel, a light oil collecting barrel, an insulation can a, an insulation can b and a conveying pipeline; one end of the cracking furnace is connected with a heavy oil collecting barrel, the other end of the three-way pipe is connected with the input end of an evaporation chamber of the primary condensing device through a conveying pipeline, the middle oil collecting barrel is communicated below the evaporation chamber, the output end of the evaporation chamber is communicated with the input end of an evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device through a conveying pipeline, the light oil collecting barrel is communicated below the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device, the output end of the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device is connected with the heat preservation box, the output pipeline of the heat preservation box is communicated with the purification barrel, and the purification barrel is communicated with; the invention solves the problems that in the prior art, only oily matters with a certain large range value can be obtained after cracking and condensation, and different cracked oily matters are mixed and need to be further separated.)

1. The utility model provides an accurate high-efficient multistage condensation splitter which characterized in that: the device comprises a condensing device and a cracking device which are connected with each other, wherein the cracking device comprises a cracking furnace (1), a conveying pipeline (2), a heavy oil collecting barrel (3), a purifying barrel (4), an intermediate oil collecting barrel (5), a light oil collecting barrel (7), an insulation box a (9), an insulation box b (10) and a conveying pipeline (19);

the condensing device comprises a primary condensing device (7) and a secondary condensing device (8); the primary condensation device (7) and the secondary condensation device (8) comprise evaporation chambers.

2. The precise and efficient multistage condensation and separation device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the cracking furnace (1) is connected with a heavy oil collecting barrel (3), the other end of the three-way pipe is connected with the input end of an evaporation chamber of a primary condensing device (7) through a conveying pipeline (19), an intermediate oil collecting barrel (5) is communicated below the evaporation chamber, the output end of the evaporation chamber is communicated with the input end of an evaporation chamber of a secondary condensing device (8) through the conveying pipeline (19), a light oil collecting barrel (7) is communicated below the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device, the output end of the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device (8) is connected with an insulation can a (9) and an insulation can b (10), the output pipeline of the insulation can b (10) is communicated with the purifying barrel (4), and the output pipeline of the purifying barrel (4) is communicated with the cracking furnace;

the evaporation chamber comprises a copper pipe fin combination device and a cavity of the evaporation chamber.

3. The accurate and efficient multistage condensation and separation device according to claim 2, wherein: twenty-four copper pipes (16) connected end to end are arranged in parallel;

twenty-four copper pipes (16) connected end to end are divided into six layers, each layer is four, and the copper pipes (16) on the upper layer and the lower layer are distributed in a staggered way; every two adjacent copper pipes (16) are connected in a bending way;

the six fins (15) which are arranged in parallel are uniformly clamped on the copper pipe (16), the fins (15) are wavy, and the parallel direction of the fins (15) is consistent with the flowing direction of the cracked gas conveying pipeline (19) and the exhaust fan (17).

4. The precise and efficient multistage condensation and separation device according to claim 3, wherein: each groove of the fin (15) is uniformly distributed; the shell of the copper pipe (16) and the fins (15) is a rectangular cavity to form a rectangular evaporation chamber of a huge refrigerant;

the evaporation chamber comprises a copper pipe (16) and a fin (15);

the first end of the copper pipe (16) is connected with the first end of the liquid storage tank (11) from the outside of the evaporation chamber, then the second end of the liquid storage tank (11) is connected with the reversing valve (12), the other end of the reversing valve (12) is connected with the first end of the compressor (13), the second end of the compressor (13) is connected with the first end of the condenser (18), the second end of the condenser (18) is connected with the second end of the throttle valve (14), and the first end of the throttle valve (14) is connected with the second end of the copper return pipe (16); the lower part of the evaporation chamber is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

5. The accurate and efficient multistage condensation and separation device according to claim 2, wherein: the copper pipe (16) is spiral;

the fin (15) is wound outside the copper pipe in a circular ring shape, the fin (15) and the copper pipe (16) are of an integrated structure, the longitudinal section of the fin (15) is of a trapezoidal structure, the copper pipe and fin combination device is sealed in a cavity of the evaporation chamber, one end of the copper pipe (16) outside the closed cavity is connected with the liquid storage tank (11), and the other end of the copper pipe (16) is connected with the throttle valve (14).

6. The precise and efficient multistage condensation and separation device according to claim 4, wherein: the copper pipes (16) are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other at two ends by connecting pipes; on each copper pipe (16), the fins (15) are spirally wound on the copper pipes (15), the copper pipe fin combination device is sealed in a cavity of the evaporation chamber, one end of each copper pipe (16) outside the closed cavity is connected with the liquid storage tank (11), and the other end of each copper pipe is connected with the throttle valve (14).

7. The precision high-efficiency multistage condensation separation device according to any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: the copper tube fin combination device comprises a copper tube (16) and a fin (15).

8. The precision high-efficiency multistage condensation separation device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: the extending direction of the fins (15) forms an included angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal direction.

9. The waste plastic cracking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) the cracking gas of the waste plastics from the high-temperature cracking furnace (1) is mixed gas, and when the mixed gas leaves the furnace (1), a part of the mixed gas is naturally condensed due to the high temperature to form heavy oil to a heavy oil collecting barrel (3);

the rest cracked gas is led to a first-stage condensing device (6), and a part of gas is condensed to form medium oil which is led to a medium oil collecting barrel (5);

2) the gas which is not condensed is continuously led to a secondary condensing device (8), and a part of the gas is condensed to form light oil to a light oil collecting barrel (7); the residual uncooled gas passes through a purification barrel (4) through a conveying pipeline, and alkaline liquid is filled in the purification barrel to purify partial pyrolysis gas;

3) finally, the uncracked gas is introduced into the bottom of the cracking furnace (1) to serve as fuel.

10. The method for condensing the waste plastic cracking gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) the gas-state coolant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid-state coolant by a compressor (13), and then the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid-state coolant is sent to a condenser (18) for heat dissipation to form normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid-state coolant;

2) the liquid coolant enters the evaporation chamber cavity with the copper pipe (16) and the fins (15) through the pipeline, the space is suddenly increased, the pressure is reduced, the liquid coolant in the copper pipe (16) is vaporized to become gaseous low-temperature coolant, a large amount of heat is taken away, and cracked gas is condensed;

3) the evaporation chamber condenses the cracked gas through a fin (15) and a copper pipe (16), the heat discharged by the operation of a condenser (18) is led to an insulation box a (9) and an insulation box b (10) to preheat or insulate a conveying pipeline (19), and the cracked gas which is not condensed in the conveying pipeline (19) is used as the fuel of the cracking furnace (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of multistage cracking, condensing and separating of waste plastics, in particular to accurate and efficient multistage condensing and separating equipment.

Background

At present, with the rapid development of industry, the consumption of plastics is increasing day by day, and waste plastics do not pollute the environment, and are also great wastes of resources. The recycling of waste plastics is an urgent problem, and there are two major types of physical recycling and chemical recycling: physical recycling usually only changes the physical form and physical properties of the material, the process is simple, the application range is narrow, or the material can be used as a filler, and the economic value is not high; chemical processes recover new species that are formed into new forms or are available by effectively decomposing the matrix structure of the material.

Chinese patent CN201520054657.6 concretely relates to continuous pyrolysis equipment of waste plastics, including feed arrangement, cracker, slag discharging device, condensing equipment and negative pressure device, the raw materials directly gets into by feed arrangement, gets into the cracker at feed arrangement after feedwater, compression, melting, directly gasifies at the cracker and gets into condensing equipment, discharges with liquid normal atmospheric temperature after the condensation, and the device gas is carried for the cracker combustion through negative pressure device and is utilized, and the carbon dust is discharged by the slag discharging device. The raw materials of the equipment do not need to be screened, a catalyst is not needed, the requirement on water content is not needed, the waste plastics in the household garbage can directly enter cracking after being subjected to soil removal, the daily treatment capacity is 30-60 tons, which is 2-4 times that of the existing similar equipment, the equipment cost is 50% that of the similar equipment, and the equipment has the advantages of simple process, low cost, convenience in production and good safety. A waste plastic cracking apparatus CN209602459U relates to three stages of waste plastic cracking, but the three stages of cracking are mainly defined as preheating and harmful gas discharging stage, main cracking generation stage and complete cracking stage according to the form of cracking material, but do not consider the internal relation between cracking raw material, cracking temperature and cracking product.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a condensing device which utilizes the evaporation and heat absorption of a refrigerant to achieve the refrigeration effect instead of the water circulation condensing device in the common industrial production, so as to solve the problems; the invention relates to accurate and efficient multistage condensation separation equipment, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

an accurate and efficient multistage condensation separation device comprises a condensation device and a cracking device which are connected with each other, wherein the cracking device comprises a cracking furnace, a conveying pipeline, a heavy oil collecting barrel, a purifying barrel, an intermediate oil collecting barrel, a light oil collecting barrel, an insulation box a, an insulation box b and a conveying pipeline;

the condensing device comprises a primary condensing device and a secondary condensing device; the first-stage condensing device and the second-stage condensing device comprise evaporating chambers.

Preferably, one end of the cracking furnace is connected with a heavy oil collecting barrel, the other end of the three-way pipe is connected with the input end of an evaporation chamber of the primary condensing device through a conveying pipeline, the lower part of the evaporation chamber is communicated with the medium oil collecting barrel, the output end of the evaporation chamber is communicated with the input end of an evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device through a conveying pipeline, the lower part of the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device is communicated with a light oil collecting barrel, the output end of the evaporation chamber of the secondary condensing device is connected with the insulation can a and the insulation can b, the output pipeline of the insulation can b is communicated with the purifying barrel, and the output;

the evaporation chamber comprises a copper pipe fin combination device and a cavity of the evaporation chamber.

Preferably, twenty-four copper pipes connected end to end are arranged in parallel;

the twenty-four copper pipes connected end to end are divided into six layers, each layer is provided with four copper pipes, and the upper layer copper pipe and the lower layer copper pipe are distributed in a staggered manner; every two adjacent copper pipes are connected in a bending way;

the six fins which are arranged in parallel are uniformly clamped on the copper pipe and are wavy, and the parallel direction of the fins is consistent with the flowing direction of the cracked gas conveying pipeline and the flowing direction of the exhaust fan.

Preferably, each groove of the fin is uniformly distributed; the shell of the copper pipe and the fins is a rectangular cavity to form a large rectangular evaporation chamber of the refrigerant;

the evaporation chamber comprises a copper pipe and a fin;

the first end of the copper pipe is connected with the first end of the liquid storage tank from the outside of the evaporation chamber, then the second end of the liquid storage tank is connected with the reversing valve, the other end of the reversing valve is connected with the first end of the compressor, the second end of the compressor is connected with the first end of the condenser, the second end of the condenser is connected with the second end of the throttle valve, and the first end of the throttle valve is connected with the second end of the copper pipe; the lower part of the evaporation chamber is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

Preferably, the copper tube is helical;

the fin is wound outside the copper pipe in a circular ring shape, the fin and the copper pipe are of an integral structure, the longitudinal section of the fin is of a trapezoidal structure, the copper pipe and fin combination device is sealed in a cavity of the evaporation chamber, one end of the copper pipe outside the closed cavity is connected with the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the copper pipe is connected with the throttle valve.

Preferably, the copper tubes are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other at two ends by connecting tubes. On each copper pipe, a fin is spirally wound on the copper pipe, the copper pipe and fin combination device is sealed in a cavity of the evaporation chamber, one end of the copper pipe outside the sealed cavity is connected with the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the copper pipe is connected with the throttle valve.

Preferably, the copper tube and fin combination device comprises a copper tube and a fin, and the extending direction of the fin forms a included angle with the horizontal direction.

The invention also relates to a waste plastic cracking method, which comprises the following steps:

1) the pyrolysis gas of the waste plastics from the high-temperature pyrolysis furnace is mixed gas, and when the mixed gas is discharged from the furnace, a part of the mixed gas naturally condenses to form heavy oil to a heavy oil collecting barrel due to the high temperature in the pyrolysis furnace;

introducing the rest cracked gas into a first-stage condensing device, and re-condensing a part of gas to form medium oil which is fed into a medium oil collecting barrel;

2) the uncondensed gas is continuously led to secondary condensing equipment, and a part of the uncondensed gas is condensed to form light oil to a light oil collecting barrel; the residual uncooled gas passes through a purification barrel through a conveying pipeline, and alkaline liquid is filled in the purification barrel to purify partial pyrolysis gas;

3) finally, introducing the uncracked gas to the bottom of the cracking furnace to serve as fuel.

The invention also relates to a method for condensing the waste plastic cracking gas, which comprises the following steps:

4) compressing the gaseous coolant into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid coolant by a compressor, and then sending the liquid coolant to a condenser for heat dissipation to obtain normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid coolant;

5) the liquid coolant enters an evaporation chamber cavity with a copper pipe and fins through a pipeline, the space is suddenly increased, the pressure is reduced, the liquid coolant in the copper pipe is vaporized and changed into gaseous low-temperature coolant, a large amount of heat is taken away, and cracked gas is condensed;

6) the evaporation chamber condenses the cracked gas through fins and copper pipes, the heat discharged by the operation of the condenser is led to the heat insulation boxes a and b to preheat or insulate the conveying pipeline, and the cracked gas which is not condensed is in the conveying pipeline and is used as the fuel of the cracking furnace.

The technical scheme of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the combination of the three copper tube fins can be selected, and a more appropriate equipment structure is selected under different production conditions.

2. The equipment parts of the invention are convenient to replace, use and clean, and the refrigeration efficiency is high.

3. The invention relates to a separation assembly line with two-stage condensation equipment, which can condense part of heavy oil after pyrolysis gas is discharged from a pyrolysis furnace, obtain part of oil with a condensation temperature value when the pyrolysis gas is introduced into a first-stage condensation device, obtain another oil with a condensation temperature value from the pyrolysis gas in a second-stage condensation device, and realize the products with different condensation points by adding a plurality of stages of condensation devices in the pyrolysis device in the same way. When condensing equipment is more, the closer the condensation temperature value that sets up, the pyrolysis oil classification effect that reaches just is better to the pyrolysis oil of different compositions has been obtained.

4. The evaporation chamber which plays a role in refrigerating in the condenser is composed of copper pipes and fins; in order to improve the refrigeration effect, three copper pipe and fin structures are designed. The fins are corrugated, different copper tube fin structures are adopted under different industrial requirements, the purpose can be guaranteed, economic benefits are achieved, and the refrigerant can be recycled to a large extent in a certain space on the premise that the economical benefits and the convenience in processing are achieved. The design of the copper tube and the fin aims to increase the refrigerating contact area. The integral structure is favorable for the movement of the cracked gas through the pipeline and the exhaust fan, thereby being favorable for the flow of the cracked gas in the evaporation chamber, or being condensed into oily matters or being continuously led to the next-stage condensing device.

5. The condenser in the condensing device of the present invention performs the function of bringing the heat of the cooling area to the outside area. In order to reduce the waste of energy, the invention transmits the heat energy generated in the structure into the heat insulation box wrapped beside the finally uncondensed cracked gas pipeline through the pipeline. The uncracked gas is usually natural gas and other substances which can be returned to the cracking furnace to be used as fuel gas, the gas is still gas after multi-stage condensation, the gas is low in temperature, the gas can be used as fuel to be combusted after the gas reaches high temperature in the cracking furnace, and therefore the heat insulation box is equivalent to preheating equipment, and therefore optimal utilization of resources is achieved.

6. The condensing equipment also has a self-cleaning function, the inside of the evaporation chamber can be heated through the reversing valve, and when oily substances are adhered to the surface of the inner wall of the evaporation chamber, the oily substances can be vaporized through heating of the copper pipe, so that the effect of cleaning the surface of the inner wall is achieved.

7. The invention realizes the temperature adjustment and definition by controlling the heat absorption and heat release of the compressor and the control panel in the refrigerant circulation process, and the set value of the condenser temperature is defined according to the condensation points of different cracking components, thereby achieving the purposes of obtaining the product of specific components and realizing the classification effect after cracking.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall three-dimensional view of a precise and efficient multistage condensation separation device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the whole of the precise and efficient multistage condensation separation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a condensing unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a first copper tube fin assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first copper tube and fin of the present invention after assembly;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a second copper tube fin assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of a second copper tube fin assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third copper tube fin assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of a third copper tube fin assembly in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of a first copper tube fin assembly in accordance with the present invention;

wherein, the part names corresponding to the reference numbers are as follows:

1-cracking furnace, 2-conveying pipeline, 3-heavy oil collecting barrel, 4-purifying barrel, 5-medium oil collecting barrel, 6-primary condensing device, 7-light oil collecting barrel, 8-secondary condensing device, 9-heat preserving box a, 10-heat preserving box b, 11-liquid storage tank, 12-reversing valve, 13-compressor, 14-throttle valve, 15-fin, 16-copper pipe, 17-exhaust fan, 18-condenser and 19-conveying pipeline;

Detailed Description

The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "back", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used. Such terms are merely used to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

It should also be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.