Puncture-resistant aramid fabric and preparation method and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种耐穿刺芳纶面料及其制备方法和应用 (Puncture-resistant aramid fabric and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 吴洪亮 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明适用于材料技术领域,提供了一种耐穿刺芳纶面料及其制备方法和应用。该耐穿刺芳纶面料,以绿色环保且高强度的芳纶短切纤维、玻璃纤维和UHMWPE纤维为原料,经交织形成的骨架基层,再用芳纶、纳米陶瓷粉、助剂和有机溶剂进行复配制成涂覆液,涂覆在骨架基层的单侧面或者双侧面,从而极大地提高了面料的耐穿刺性和强度,并且涂覆层与骨架基层之间的界面粘合力好,涂覆层在长时间和高强度使用条件下不易脱落,且具有良好的透气性能。(The invention is suitable for the technical field of materials, and provides a puncture-resistant aramid fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric takes the green, environment-friendly and high-strength aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE fibers as raw materials, a framework base layer is formed by interweaving, then aramid fibers, nano ceramic powder, an auxiliary agent and an organic solvent are compounded to prepare a coating solution, and the coating solution is coated on one side or two sides of the framework base layer, so that the puncture resistance and the strength of the fabric are greatly improved, the interface adhesive force between the coating layer and the framework base layer is good, the coating layer is not easy to fall off under long-time and high-strength use conditions, and the puncture-resistant aramid fabric has good air permeability.)
1. The utility model provides a resistant aramid fiber surface fabric that punctures which characterized in that includes:
the framework base layer is formed by interweaving aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE fibers which serve as raw materials; and a coating layer coated on one side or both sides of the skeletal base layer;
the coating layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-13 parts of aramid fiber, 1-5 parts of nano ceramic powder, 8-11 parts of an auxiliary agent and 55-65 parts of an organic solvent.
2. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers is (2-3): (1-2): (3-4).
3. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the aramid used in the coating layer is para-aramid.
4. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the nano-ceramic powder is one of magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide or silicon dioxide or a mixture of any combination thereof.
5. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the nano ceramic powder has an average particle size of 1 to 55 nm.
6. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is a mixture of sodium chloride and/or calcium chloride and any one of ethanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, or polyethylene glycol.
7. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is any one or more of N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-dimethylformamide, or dimethyl phthalate.
8. The puncture-resistant aramid fabric of claim 1, wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 1-2 μm.
9. The preparation method of the puncture-resistant aramid fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing aramid fiber, nano ceramic powder, an auxiliary agent and an organic solvent, and stirring at 60-70 ℃ to completely dissolve the aramid fiber and the auxiliary agent to obtain a coating solution;
coating a layer of the coating liquid on a prepared skeleton base layer, staying for 1-2 minutes, and placing in a coagulation bath for coagulation for 5-10 minutes to obtain the skeleton base layer with the coating layer;
and (3) placing the skeleton base layer with the coating layer at 60-80 ℃, and drying for 20-30 minutes to obtain the puncture-resistant aramid fabric.
10. Use of the puncture resistant aramid fabric of any one of claims 1 to 8 in the manufacture of a sports protection product, a safety protection product or a luggage.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a puncture-resistant aramid fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with society more and more attach importance to personal protection, the frock field especially requires in this segmentation market of cutting prevention puncture-proof, in abominable use occasion, becomes more and more meticulous to the requirement of personal protection garment materials to reach the effect such as saving cost, protection individual safety.
Aramid fiber, which is called poly phenylene terephthalamide entirely, is a novel high-tech synthetic fiber, and is widely applied to the fields of composite materials, bulletproof products, building materials, special protective clothing, electronic equipment and the like because of the excellent properties of ultrahigh strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight, insulation, aging resistance, long life cycle and the like.
Most of the existing anti-puncture aramid fabrics are made of aramid filament fabrics serving as outer-layer fabrics and modacrylic or cotton serving as inner liners which are used in a composite mode, and modacrylic layer fabrics are generally low in gram weight and poor in anti-puncture effect, and particularly can generate highly toxic smoke in combustion to cause damage to human bodies.
Therefore, the existing anti-puncture aramid fabric still has the problems of poor anti-puncture effect and environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a puncture-resistant aramid fabric, and aims to solve the problems of poor puncture-resistant effect and environmental pollution existing in the conventional puncture-resistant aramid fabric.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the puncture-resistant aramid fabric comprises:
the framework base layer is formed by interweaving aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE fibers which serve as raw materials; and a coating layer coated on one side or both sides of the skeletal base layer;
the coating layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-13 parts of aramid fiber, 1-5 parts of nano ceramic powder, 8-11 parts of an auxiliary agent and 55-65 parts of an organic solvent.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the puncture-resistant aramid fiber fabric, which comprises the following steps:
mixing aramid fiber, nano ceramic powder, an auxiliary agent and an organic solvent, and stirring at 60-70 ℃ to completely dissolve the aramid fiber and the auxiliary agent to obtain a coating solution;
coating a layer of the coating liquid on a prepared skeleton base layer, staying for 1-2 minutes, and placing in a coagulation bath for coagulation for 5-10 minutes to obtain the skeleton base layer with the coating layer;
and (3) placing the skeleton base layer with the coating layer at 60-80 ℃, and drying for 20-30 minutes to obtain the puncture-resistant aramid fabric.
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the puncture-resistant aramid fabric in preparation of motion protection products, safety protection products or bags.
The puncture-resistant aramid fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention takes the environment-friendly and high-strength aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE fibers as raw materials, the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers are interwoven to form a skeleton base layer, the aramid fibers, the nano ceramic powder, the auxiliary agent and the organic solvent are compounded to prepare the coating solution, and the coating solution is coated on one side or two sides of the skeleton base layer, so that the puncture resistance and the strength of the fabric are greatly improved, the interface adhesive force between the coating layer and the skeleton base layer is good, and the coating layer is not easy to fall off under long-time and high-strength use conditions and has good air permeability, so that the puncture-resistant aramid fabric.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a puncture-resistant aramid fabric provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another puncture-resistant aramid fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The puncture-resistant aramid fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention takes the environment-friendly and high-strength aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) fibers as raw materials, the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers are interwoven to form a skeleton base layer, the aramid fibers, the nano ceramic powder, the auxiliary agent and the organic solvent are compounded to prepare the coating solution, and the coating solution is coated on one side or two sides of the skeleton base layer, so that the puncture resistance and the strength of the fabric are greatly improved, the interface adhesive force between the coating layer and the skeleton base layer is good, the coating layer is not easy to fall off under long-time and high-strength use conditions, and the puncture-resistant.
The embodiment of the invention provides a puncture-resistant aramid fabric, which comprises: the framework base layer is formed by interweaving aramid chopped fibers, glass fibers and UHMWPE fibers which serve as raw materials; and a coating layer coated on one side or both sides of the skeletal base layer; the coating layer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-13 parts of aramid fiber, 1-5 parts of nano ceramic powder, 8-11 parts of an auxiliary agent and 55-65 parts of an organic solvent.
As an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a puncture-resistant aramid fabric, as shown in fig. 1, the puncture-resistant aramid fabric includes: the
As another embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of another puncture-resistant aramid fabric, as shown in fig. 2, the puncture-resistant aramid fabric includes: the
In the embodiment of the present invention, the aramid chopped fiber is specifically chopped fiber of aramid 1414 (para-polyamide fiber). Preferably, the average length of the aramid chopped fibers is 1-20 mm. A large number of experimental researches show that the aramid chopped fibers with the average length of 1-20 mm are adopted to be interwoven with the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers, so that the strength and the tensile fracture performance of the fabric can be obviously improved, the fabric is easier to be interwoven and formed, and the production efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the
In another embodiment of the present invention, the
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixing mass ratio of the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers is (2-3): (1-2): (3-4). A large number of experimental researches show that the mixing mass ratio of the three fibers is (2-3): (1-2): (3-4), the prepared fabric is high in strength and good in puncture resistance, and the overall cost is relatively low. The fabric prepared from the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers in a mixed mass ratio of 2:1.5:3 has the best comprehensive performance.
In addition, through single-factor experimental research, the types of the preparation raw materials of the framework base layer are changed, other conditions are fixed, the raw materials are unchanged, the aramid fabric is prepared, the tensile strength and the puncture strength of each group of prepared aramid fabric are tested, and the test results show that: the aramid fabric with the framework base layer formed by blending and interweaving the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers and the UHMWPE fibers has better strength and puncture resistance compared with the aramid fabric with the framework base layer prepared by singly adopting any one or two of the aramid chopped fibers, the glass fibers or the UHMWPE fibers. Therefore, the three fibers are preferably blended and interwoven to form the skeleton base layer of the aramid fabric.
Preferably, the aramid fiber used in the coating layer is para-aramid fiber. The aramid fiber is added, so that the interface stress between the coating layer and the framework base layer is reduced, the contact is good, the shedding is not easy, and the shedding is not easy even if the coating layer is used for a long time and under high strength.
Preferably, the nano ceramic powder is one or a mixture of any combination of magnesium oxide, zirconium dioxide and silicon dioxide, and the average particle size of the nano ceramic powder is preferably 1-55 nm. The nano ceramic powder has excellent toughness and strength, and the nano ceramic powder with the average particle size of 1-55 nm is added into the coating layer, so that the wear resistance, strength and toughness of the coating layer can be greatly improved, and the puncture resistance of the fabric can be improved, wherein the nano ceramic powder with the average particle size of 35nm is most preferably adopted.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is a mixture of sodium chloride and/or calcium chloride and any one of ethanol, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyethylene glycol. The addition of the auxiliary agent in the coating layer helps the coating layer to be attached to the surface of the skeleton base layer better and more firmly, and air holes with adjustable shapes and sizes are formed, so that the air permeability of the fabric is improved.
Preferably, the organic solvent is any one or more of N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-dimethylformamide or dimethyl phthalate. Raw materials such as aramid fiber and nano ceramic powder can be well dissolved and dispersed in the organic solvents to form a uniform coating layer, so that the coating layer has excellent coating performance, and a uniform and flat diaphragm can be formed on the framework base layer, thereby further improving the strength and the puncture resistance of the fabric.
Preferably, the thickness of the coating layer is 1 to 2 μm. A coating film with the thickness of 1-2 mu m is formed on the base film through the coating layer, so that the air permeability of the skeleton base layer is improved, the puncture resistance of the skeleton base layer is effectively improved, and the comprehensive performance of the fabric is improved.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the puncture-resistant aramid fiber fabric, which comprises the following steps:
step 101, mixing aramid fiber, nano ceramic powder, an auxiliary agent and an organic solvent, and stirring at 60-70 ℃ to completely dissolve the aramid fiber and the auxiliary agent to obtain a coating liquid. At the temperature of 60-70 ℃, the aramid fiber, the nano ceramic powder and the auxiliary agent are facilitated to be dissolved and dispersed in an organic solvent in an accelerated manner to form uniform coating liquid.
And step 102, coating a layer of the coating liquid on a prepared skeleton base layer, staying for 1-2 minutes, and solidifying in a solidification bath for 5-10 minutes to obtain the skeleton base layer with the coating layer. The coagulating bath is solvent and non-solvent coagulating bath or water vapor coagulating bath. The volume percentage concentration of the solvent in the solvent and non-solvent coagulation bath is 75%; the ambient temperature of the water vapor coagulation bath was 80 ℃ and the relative humidity was 90%. Under the coordination of the solvent and the non-solvent, a membrane surface layer and an internal membrane microporous structure can be formed on the surface of the skeleton base layer, the membrane surface layer and the internal membrane micropores formed in the environment have good aperture uniformity and stable structure, and the strength, the puncture resistance and the air permeability of the fabric are favorably improved.
And 103, drying the skeleton base layer with the coating layer at 60-80 ℃ for 20-30 minutes to obtain the puncture-resistant aramid fabric. The skeleton base layer with the coating layer is placed at 60-80 ℃ and dried for 20-30 minutes, so that the coating layer is dried and formed, a uniform protective film layer with a stable structure is formed on the surface of the skeleton base layer, and the strength and the puncture resistance of the fabric can be improved.
The puncture-resistant aramid fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the preparation of sports protection products, safety protection products or products such as bags and the like.
Examples of certain embodiments of the invention are given below, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In addition, it should be noted that the numerical values given in the following examples are as precise as possible, but those skilled in the art will understand that each numerical value should be understood as a divisor rather than an absolutely exact numerical value due to measurement errors and experimental operational problems that cannot be avoided. For example, due to errors in the weighing apparatus, it should be understood that the weight values of the raw materials in the coating layers of the respective examples may have errors of ± 2% or ± 1%.
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