阅读说明：本技术 一种用于隧道长距离施工通风的整体式异形风道及构筑方法 (Integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation and construction method ) 是由 黄华 陈锡武 王若晨 郑伟 张磊 邸成 朱勇 姜波 张涛 殷召念 朱宏 范磊 于 2020-04-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于隧道长距离施工通风的整体式异形风道及构筑方法,以有效增大送风面积,增加通风距离,减少因通风需要而加大断面、增加副井或增设辅助坑道等,有效降低工程投资。辅助坑道内设置由混凝土模筑而成的整体式异形风道,该整体式异形风道由与辅助坑道模筑衬砌的拱部、边墙部和将断面分隔成上部异形风仓、下部通道的水平板构成。该整体式异形风道临近右线正洞的远端具有封闭上部隔离风仓的竖向隔板,竖向隔板上间隔设置供风孔,供风孔外安装压入风机和将新风引向右线正洞、左线正洞或平行导洞开挖面的风管。(An integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance construction ventilation of a tunnel and a construction method thereof are provided, which can effectively increase the air supply area, increase the ventilation distance, reduce the increase of the section due to the ventilation requirement, increase the auxiliary shaft or add an auxiliary gallery and the like, and effectively reduce the engineering investment. The auxiliary tunnel is internally provided with an integral special-shaped air duct which is formed by concrete mold building, and the integral special-shaped air duct consists of an arch part and a side wall part which are lined with the auxiliary tunnel mold building, and a horizontal plate which divides the section into an upper special-shaped air bin and a lower channel. The integrated special-shaped air channel is provided with a vertical partition plate for sealing the upper isolation air bin at the far end close to the right line main hole, air supply holes are formed in the vertical partition plate at intervals, and an air supply fan and an air pipe for guiding fresh air to the right line main hole, the left line main hole or the parallel pilot tunnel excavation face are installed outside the air supply holes.)

1. The utility model provides an integral special-shaped wind channel for tunnel long distance construction ventilation, includes right side line main tunnel (10), left side line main tunnel or parallel pilot tunnel (11) to and supplementary gallery (20) to right side line main tunnel (10), left side line main tunnel or parallel pilot tunnel (11) are by cross passage (22) intercommunication, characterized by: an integral special-shaped air duct (30) formed by concrete moulding is arranged in the auxiliary gallery (20), and the integral special-shaped air duct (30) is composed of an arch part (32) lined with the auxiliary gallery (20) by moulding, a side wall part (34) and a horizontal plate (33) for dividing the section into an upper special-shaped air bin (30a) and a lower channel (30 b); the far end of the integral special-shaped air duct (30) close to the right line main hole (10) is provided with a vertical partition plate (31) for sealing the upper isolation air bin (30a), air supply holes (35) are formed in the vertical partition plate (31) at intervals, and an air pipe (41) for pressing a fan (40) and guiding fresh air to the excavation surface of the right line main hole (10), the left line main hole or the parallel guide hole (11) is arranged outside the air supply holes (35).

2. The integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the integral special-shaped air duct (30) is arranged along the whole length of the auxiliary gallery (20).

3. The method for constructing the integral special-shaped air duct for the long-distance construction ventilation of the tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:

firstly, after an auxiliary gallery (20) is finished according to normal procedures, binding reinforcing steel bars of a lining arch part (32), a side wall part (34) and a horizontal plate (33) of the auxiliary gallery in a mold mode;

secondly, pouring concrete of the side wall part (34) and the horizontal plate (33);

thirdly, pouring concrete of the arch part (32) after the concrete of the side wall part (34) and the horizontal plate (33) reaches the design strength;

binding the steel bars of the vertical partition plate (31), pouring concrete, and reserving an air supply hole (35) on the vertical partition plate (31) according to the size of the pressed fan (40);

fifthly, arranging a press-in fan (40) and a corresponding air pipe (41) for supplying air to each excavation surface.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway tunnels, highway tunnels and municipal tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to an integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation.

Background

With the improvement of the national economic level, more and more railways are being planned or about to be planned and constructed, and particularly in western regions of China, a large number of extra-long tunnels appear due to the limitation of complex terrain and geological conditions and the requirement of line trend, so that the extra-long tunnels become a scheme for controlling the whole construction period and even influencing the lines.

At present, most of railway mountain tunnels are constructed by adopting a drilling and blasting method, in order to ensure normal construction environment in a tunnel and guarantee physical and psychological health and life and property safety of operators, ventilation equipment is usually arranged during construction to discharge dust generated by explosive blasting and waste gas generated by construction machinery, so that harmful gases such as gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like are diluted to the concentration of safety, and meanwhile, the requirements of oxygen consumption of the operators and the minimum wind speed in the tunnel are met. The air supply capacity of the ventilation equipment is closely related to the size of the air pipe and the power of the fan, but the air is delivered to the excavation face by the air pipe, and the air quantity is continuously lost along the way due to the inevitable air leakage of the air pipe, so that the air quantity of the excavation face is required to be the same, the longer the air conveying distance is, the larger the air quantity provided by the fan is, and the larger the air pressure is, so that the economic ventilation distance exists, and when the distance reaches a certain length, the ventilation requirement can not be realized under the existing equipment.

In order to shorten the construction period and meet the requirements of construction ventilation, the extra-long tunnels are provided with auxiliary tunnels to realize short-driving of the long tunnels and shorten the ventilation distance, but due to the limitation of topographic conditions, the auxiliary tunnels are poor in condition, long in length and long in construction ventilation distance of some extra-long railway tunnels, and in addition, the efficiency of a fan in a plateau area is reduced, the air supply capacity is reduced, and the conventional air pipe press-in type ventilation is difficult to meet or needs to enlarge the section of the auxiliary tunnels, but the investment is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance construction ventilation of a tunnel, so as to effectively increase the air supply area, increase the ventilation distance, reduce the increase of the section, the increase of an auxiliary well or the addition of an auxiliary gallery and the like caused by the ventilation requirement, and effectively reduce the engineering investment.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention relates to an integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation, which comprises a right-line main hole, a left-line main hole or a parallel pilot tunnel and an auxiliary gallery communicated with the right-line main hole, wherein the right-line main hole, the left-line main hole or the parallel pilot tunnel are communicated by a transverse channel, and the integral special-shaped air duct is characterized in that: an integral special-shaped air duct formed by concrete mold construction is arranged in the auxiliary gallery, and the integral special-shaped air duct consists of an arch part and a side wall part which are lined with the auxiliary gallery mold construction, and a horizontal plate which divides the section into an upper special-shaped air bin and a lower channel; the integrated special-shaped air channel is provided with a vertical partition plate for sealing the upper isolation air bin at the far end close to the right line main hole, air supply holes are formed in the vertical partition plate at intervals, and an air supply fan and an air pipe for guiding fresh air to the right line main hole, the left line main hole or the parallel pilot tunnel excavation face are installed outside the air supply holes.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide the above method for constructing an integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation, which includes the following steps:

binding reinforcing steel bars of special-shaped air duct arch plates, horizontal plates and side walls at two sides after completing auxiliary tunnel construction in a normal process;

secondly, pouring side walls and horizontal plates on two sides;

thirdly, pouring the special-shaped air duct arch plate after the side walls and the horizontal plates on the two sides reach the design strength;

fourthly, arranging a special-shaped air duct vertical partition plate at the end part of the special-shaped air duct, and reserving holes according to the size of the fan;

and fifthly, arranging a fan and an air pipe to supply air to each excavation surface.

Compared with the existing air pipe press-in type ventilation, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the isolation air bin is arranged at the upper part of the auxiliary tunnel, the upper space of the auxiliary tunnel is fully utilized, compared with the traditional air pipe, the air supply area is effectively increased by 80 percent, the ventilation distance is increased, the section is enlarged due to the ventilation requirement, the auxiliary well is increased or the auxiliary tunnel is additionally arranged, and the engineering investment is effectively reduced;

secondly, a molded concrete horizontal plate with a certain thickness is arranged on the section of the auxiliary tunnel to form the special-shaped air duct, so that the stress condition of the section is improved, and the thickness of the supporting structure of the auxiliary tunnel is reduced;

thirdly, the special-shaped air duct has simple structure, convenient construction and easy material taking.

Drawings

The specification includes the following three drawings:

fig. 1 is a plane layout diagram of an integrated special-shaped air duct for ventilation in long-distance tunnel construction according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated special-shaped air duct for ventilation in long-distance tunnel construction according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the end of an integrated profiled air duct for ventilation in long-distance tunnel construction according to the present invention.

Facility, part name and corresponding label in the figure: the tunnel comprises a right-line main tunnel 10, a left-line main tunnel or parallel pilot tunnel 11, an auxiliary tunnel 20, an auxiliary tunnel portal 21, a transverse channel 22, an integral special-shaped air duct 30, an upper special-shaped air bin 30a, a lower channel 30b, a vertical partition plate 31, an arch part 32, a horizontal plate 33, a side wall part 34, an air supply 35, a press-in fan 40 and an air pipe 41. .

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance tunnel construction ventilation according to the present invention 1 includes a right-side main tunnel 10, a left-side main tunnel or parallel pilot tunnel 11, and an auxiliary gallery 20 connected to the right-side main tunnel 10, wherein the right-side main tunnel 10, the left-side main tunnel or parallel pilot tunnel 11 are connected by a transverse passage 22. An integral special-shaped air duct 30 formed by molding concrete is arranged in the auxiliary gallery 20, and the integral special-shaped air duct 30 is composed of an arch part 32 which is molded and lined with the auxiliary gallery 20, a side wall part 34, an upper special-shaped air bin 30a which divides the cross section, a lower channel 30b and a horizontal plate 33. Namely, the upper special-shaped air bin 30a is arranged on the upper portion of the auxiliary tunnel 20, the upper space of the auxiliary tunnel 20 is fully utilized, the air supply area is effectively increased, the ventilation distance is increased, the problem that the section is enlarged due to ventilation requirements, auxiliary wells are increased or the auxiliary tunnels are additionally arranged is solved, the engineering investment is effectively reduced, the integral special-shaped air duct 30 simultaneously forms the mold-building concrete with certain thickness on the section of the auxiliary tunnel 20, the stress condition of the section is improved, and the thickness of the supporting structure of the auxiliary tunnel is reduced.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the far end of the integral special-shaped air duct 30 close to the right-line main tunnel 10 is provided with a vertical partition plate 31 for closing an upper special-shaped air bin 30a, air supply holes 35 are arranged on the vertical partition plate 31 at intervals, and an air pressing fan 40 and an air pipe 41 for guiding fresh air to the excavation surface of the right-line main tunnel 10, the left-line main tunnel or the parallel pilot tunnel 11 are arranged outside the air supply holes 35. Generally, the integrated profiled air duct 30 may be disposed along the entire length of the auxiliary gallery 20.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention relates to a method for constructing an integral special-shaped air duct for long-distance construction ventilation of a tunnel, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, after the auxiliary gallery 20 is finished according to the normal working procedure, binding reinforcing steel bars of a lining arch part 32, a side wall part 34 and a horizontal plate 33 of the auxiliary gallery mould;

secondly, pouring concrete of the side wall part 34 and the horizontal plate 33;

thirdly, pouring concrete of the arch part 32 after the concrete of the side wall part 34 and the horizontal plate 33 reaches the design strength;

binding the steel bars of the vertical partition plate 31, pouring concrete, and reserving an air supply hole 35 on the vertical partition plate 31 according to the size of the pressed fan 40;

installing a press-in fan 40 and a corresponding air pipe 41 for supplying air to each excavation surface.

The foregoing is only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific constructions and applications shown and described, and all modifications and equivalents that may be employed are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.