阅读说明：本技术 一种提升中高压铝电解电容器耐水合性能的工作电解液和制备方法 (Working electrolyte for improving hydration resistance of medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor and preparation method thereof ) 是由 徐友龙 尹子豪 薛旭 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种提升中高压铝电解电容器耐水合性能的工作电解液和制备方法,按质量百分数计,称量主溶质1-25％、含氟的辅助溶质0.01-5％、溶剂60-90％以及添加剂0.04-15％；在50-90℃下,将主溶质和含氟的辅助溶质加入溶剂中,搅拌至混合均匀,得到混合液；在85-90℃下,将添加剂加入混合液中,搅拌至混合均匀,在90-120℃下煮30-120min。本发明在电解液中添加含氟的辅助溶质,分子极性变小疏水性极大提高,且氧化效率高,并可提高铝电解电容器的自愈特性,电解液中各组分的协同作用可以使得制备的电解液在160-650V的工作电压下,能不断提供修补电解电容器阳极介质氧化膜的电化学能力。(A working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein 1-25% of a main solute, 0.01-5% of a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 60-90% of a solvent and 0.04-15% of an additive are weighed according to mass percentage; adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50-90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution; adding the additive into the mixed solution at 85-90 deg.C, stirring to mix well, and decocting at 90-120 deg.C for 30-120 min. According to the invention, the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute is added into the electrolyte, the molecular polarity is reduced, the hydrophobicity is greatly improved, the oxidation efficiency is high, the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be improved, and the prepared electrolyte can continuously provide the electrochemical capacity for repairing the anode dielectric oxide film of the electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage of 160-650V due to the synergistic effect of the components in the electrolyte.)

1. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising 1-25% of a main solute, 0.01-5% of a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 60-90% of a solvent and 0.04-15% of an additive in percentage by mass.

2. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as recited in claim 1, wherein the main solute is one or more of dicarboxylic acid with carbon number of 7-12, ammonium salt of dicarboxylic acid, branched ammonium salt of dicarboxylic acid, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, sodium tetraborate, salicylic acid, sulfanilic acid, monocarboxylic acid with carbon number of 7-10, ammonium salt of monocarboxylic acid, branched monocarboxylic acid, ammonium salt of monocarboxylic acid with branched chain, maleic acid and ammonium maleate.

3. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute is one or more of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with the carbon atom number of 7-10, ammonium salt of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with a branched chain, ammonium salt of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with a branched chain, perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with the carbon atom number of 7-12, ammonium salt of perfluoro dicarboxylic acid, perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with a branched chain, and ammonium salt of perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with a branched chain.

4. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as recited in claim 1, wherein the solvent is a mixture of water and organic substances, and the mass percent of water in the electrolyte is 0.5-5%.

5. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as recited in claim 4, wherein the organic matter is one or more of ethylene glycol, N-N-dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, N-butanol, N-pentanol, N-hexanol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol and glycerol.

6. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and an additive, the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%.

7. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium phosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, phosphane, phospholipid, phosphotungstic acid and ammonium phosphotungstate.

8. The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as recited in claim 6, wherein the hydrogen-absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol.

9. The electrolyte for the high-hydration resistance medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sparking voltage raising agent is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polypentylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene alcohol, polybutylene alcohol, diethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol and nano silicon dioxide;

the additive is one or more of citric acid, ammonium citrate, tartaric acid, ammonium tartrate, polyethylene oxide ether, polyborate polymerized fatty acid ammonium salt, triethylamine, triethanolamine, formamide, butanedioxime, chrome black T, o-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline.

10. A preparation method of a working electrolyte for improving hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing 1-25% of main solute, 0.01-5% of auxiliary solute containing fluorine, 60-90% of solvent and 0.04-15% of additive according to mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50-90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85-90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 90-120 ℃ for 30-120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and particularly relates to a working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used as a traditional energy storage device, has the functions of rectification, filtering, bypass, coupling, energy storage and the like in a circuit, has the characteristics of large specific capacity per unit volume, high working electric field strength, self-healing characteristic and low price, is widely applied to the fields of household appliances, automotive electronics, industrial control, aerospace, military and the like, and is an indispensable discrete electronic component in the circuit. With the continuous development of the electronic industry, the performance requirements on the aluminum electrolytic capacitor are higher and higher, and the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is promoted to develop towards miniaturization, long service life and the like.

The electrolyte inevitably generates moisture when the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is contacted with air or the electrode reaction of the electrolytic capacitor in the working process, and the moisture in the electrolyte can cause the surface of the anode foil to form hydrated oxide in the storage and working process of the capacitor. With the increase of the service life of the electrolytic capacitor, the increase of the hydrated oxide on the surface of the anode can lead parameters such as the capacity of the capacitor to be rapidly deteriorated, and finally the capacitor is failed, thus being unable to adapt to the development trend of long service life of the electrolytic capacitor in the future.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising 1-25% of a main solute, 0.01-5% of a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 60-90% of a solvent and 0.04-15% of an additive in percentage by mass.

The invention is further improved in that the main solute is one or more of dicarboxylic acid with 7-12 carbon atoms, dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt, branched dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, sodium tetraborate, salicylic acid, sulfanilic acid, monocarboxylic acid with 7-10 carbon atoms, monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt, branched monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt, maleic acid and maleic acid ammonium salt.

The invention is further improved in that the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute is one or more of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with 7-10 carbon atoms, ammonium salt of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with branched chain and ammonium salt of perfluoro monocarboxylic acid with branched chain, perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with 7-12 carbon atoms, ammonium salt of perfluoro dicarboxylic acid, perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with branched chain and ammonium salt of perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with branched chain.

The invention is further improved in that the solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, and the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 0.5-5%.

The further improvement of the invention is that the dicarboxylic acid with the carbon atom number of 7-12 is suberic acid, sebacic acid and dodecanedioic acid, and the dicarboxylic acid with a branched chain is isooctanoic acid, isosebacic acid or isododecanedioic acid; other dicarboxylic acids having 7 to 12 carbon atoms may also be used in the present invention.

The further improvement of the invention is that the monocarboxylic acid with 7-10 carbon atoms is heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid and decanoic acid, and the monocarboxylic acid with branched chain is isooctanoic acid, isononanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid or isodecanoic acid; other monocarboxylic acids having 7 to 10 carbon atoms may also be used in the present invention.

The further improvement of the invention is that the perfluor monocarboxylic acid with 7-10 carbon atoms is perfluor heptanoic acid, perfluor octanoic acid, perfluor nonanoic acid and perfluor decanoic acid; other perfluorinated monocarboxylic acids having 7 to 10 carbon atoms may also be used in the present invention.

The further improvement of the invention is that the branched perfluoro monocarboxylic acid is isoperfluoroheptanoic acid, isoperfluorooctanoic acid, isoperfluorononanoic acid, isoperfluordecanoic acid; other branched perfluorinated monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of 7 to 10 may also be used in the present invention.

The further improvement of the invention is that the perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with 7-12 carbon atoms is perfluoro suberic acid, perfluoro sebacic acid, perfluoro dodecanedioic acid; other perfluorinated monocarboxylic acids having 7 to 12 carbon atoms may also be used in the present invention.

The further improvement of the invention is that the perfluoro dicarboxylic acid with a branched chain is isoperfluoro suberic acid, isoperfluoro sebacic acid, isoperfluoro dodecanedioic acid; other branched perfluorinated monocarboxylic acids having a carbon number of 7 to 10 may also be used in the present invention.

The invention is further improved in that the organic matter is one or more of ethylene glycol, N-N-dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, N-butanol, N-pentanol, N-hexanol, propylene glycol, butanediol and glycerol.

The invention has the further improvement that the additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage raising agent and an additive, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage raising agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%.

The invention is further improved in that the waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, hypophosphorous acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium phosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, phosphine, phospholipid, phosphotungstic acid and ammonium phosphotungstate.

The invention is further improved in that the hydrogen absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol.

The invention is further improved in that the flash fire voltage raising agent is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polypentylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, diethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol and nano silicon dioxide;

the additive is one or more of citric acid, ammonium citrate, tartaric acid, ammonium tartrate, polyethylene oxide ether, polyborate polymerized fatty acid ammonium salt, triethylamine, triethanolamine, formamide, butanedioxime, chrome black T, o-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline;

a preparation method of a working electrolyte for improving hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing 1-25% of main solute, 0.01-5% of auxiliary solute containing fluorine, 60-90% of solvent and 0.04-15% of additive according to mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50-90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85-90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 90-120 ℃ for 30-120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the main solute of the invention contains monocarboxylic acid and ammonium salt thereof, and compared with the working electrolyte of the conventional electrolytic capacitor, the consumption of the dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt can be reduced to a certain extent. Compared with the binary carboxylic acid ammonium salt, the monobasic carboxylic acid ammonium salt with the same carbon chain length has lower solubility in water and stronger hydrophobicity, and the monobasic carboxylic acid and the ammonium salt thereof in the main solute can be attached to the surface of the aluminum foil anode oxidation film to prevent water from entering the oxidation film, thereby effectively inhibiting the formation of hydrated oxide; and compared with the binary carboxylic acid ammonium salt, the cost of the monobasic carboxylic acid ammonium salt with the same carbon chain length is lower. The electrolyte contains the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, the solvent and the additive, so that the repairing property of the anode of the electrolytic capacitor can be improved and the hydration resistance can be enhanced. Compared with the conventional medium and high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the service life of the medium and high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the electrolyte can be prolonged by more than 1 time.

Furthermore, compared with the conventional ammonium carboxylate salt, hydrogen atoms connected with carbon are replaced by fluorine, the molecular polarity is reduced, the hydrophobicity is greatly improved, the oxidation efficiency is high, and the self-healing characteristic of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be improved, so that the prepared electrolyte can continuously provide the electrochemical capacity for repairing the anode dielectric oxide film of the electrolytic capacitor under the working voltage of 650V at 160-; in the working process of the electrolyte, the auxiliary solute containing fluorine is attached to the surface of the anode of the capacitor, so that water and other oxygen-containing substances can be prevented from migrating into the auxiliary solute, the generation of anode hydrous oxide can be inhibited, and the inner layer components of the anodic oxide film can be protected.

Further, since the perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, the branched perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the branched perfluoro monocarboxylic acid, the perfluoro dicarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the perfluoro dicarboxylic acid, the branched perfluoro dicarboxylic acid and the ammonium salt of the branched perfluoro dicarboxylic acid are similar in chemical properties to the salts of the monocarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the monocarboxylic acid, the branched monocarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the branched monocarboxylic acid, the branched dicarboxylic acid, the ammonium salt of the dicarboxylic acid, the branched dicarboxylic acid and the branched ammonium salt of the dicarboxylic acid, the oxidation efficiency is high.

Furthermore, the defects of the anodic oxide film can be repaired by adding maleic acid and ammonium maleate into the electrolyte, so that the quality of the oxide film is improved, and the service life of the oxide film is prolonged.

Furthermore, sulfanilic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid or salicylic acid is added into the electrolyte, so that the conductivity of the electrolyte can be improved, and the repair efficiency of the oxide film can be improved.

Furthermore, in the working electrolyte of the present invention, the additives include a water-proofing agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage raising agent and an additive. The waterproof agent can also improve the hydration resistance of the anode, but the hydration resistance agent is generally phosphoric acid and derivatives thereof, a passivation layer can be formed on the surface of an oxide film, and phosphoric acid solvents have a certain corrosion effect on a medium oxide film on the surface of the anode, so that the performance of the capacitor is reduced. Therefore, the electrolyte can reduce the dosage of the phosphoric acid waterproof agent and reduce the corrosion to the anode dielectric film. The electrolyte contains the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute and the waterproof agent, so that the hydration resistance of the anode of the electrolytic capacitor is greatly enhanced. When the working voltage of the capacitor is higher, the sparking voltage of the electrolyte can be effectively improved by introducing a proper amount of the sparking voltage improver without influencing other performance parameters of the electrolytic capacitor while not changing other components; the hydrogen absorbing agent can effectively absorb hydrogen generated by electrode reaction in the working process of the capacitor, reduce the internal pressure of the capacitor, avoid or delay the problem of cracking or bulging of the capacitor and prolong the service life of the capacitor.

Furthermore, in the working electrolyte, the additive is one or more of triethylamine, triethanolamine, formamide, succinoxime, chrome black T, o-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline, the pH value of the additive can be adjusted, and a metal complex in the additive can inhibit the formation of alumina precipitates in the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte is protected.

Further, compared with the characteristic that the electrolyte for the conventional aluminum electrolytic capacitor contains almost no water, the electrolyte for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor disclosed by the invention contains 0.5-5% of water by mass fraction. Because the electrolyte has stronger hydration resistance, the water in the electrolyte is difficult to cause the anode of the electrolytic capacitor to form hydrated oxide, and the components of the anodic oxide film can not be influenced. The electrolyte contains a certain content of water, so that the conductivity of the electrolyte is improved, and the repairing performance of the capacitor anode can be enhanced by the characteristic, so that the frequency characteristic of the capacitor is improved, the loss and the leakage current as well as the resistance value of the series resistor of the equivalent circuit are reduced, and the quality of the capacitor is improved; the introduction of water into the electrolyte can reduce the consumption of other solvents in the electrolyte and reduce the cost.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

The working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor suitable for the electrolyte is 160-650V, and the specification of the capacitor is the same as that of the general electrolytic capacitor in the working voltage range.

The working electrolyte for improving the hydration resistance of the medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is characterized by comprising 1-25% of a main solute, 0.01-5% of a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 60-90% of a solvent and 0.04-15% of an additive in percentage by mass.

Wherein the main solute is one or more of dicarboxylic acid with 7-12 carbon atoms, dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt, branched dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt, boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, sodium tetraborate, sulfanilic acid, salicylic acid, monocarboxylic acid with 7-10 carbon atoms, monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt, branched monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt, maleic acid and maleic acid ammonium salt.

The fluorine-containing auxiliary solute is one or more of perfluor monocarboxylic acid with the carbon atom number of 7-10, perfluor monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt, perfluor monocarboxylic acid with a branched chain, perfluor monocarboxylic acid ammonium salt with a branched chain, perfluor dicarboxylic acid with the carbon atom number of 7-12, perfluor dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt, perfluor dicarboxylic acid with a branched chain and perfluor dicarboxylic acid ammonium salt with a branched chain.

The solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, and the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 0.5-5%.

The organic matter is one or more of ethylene glycol, N-N-dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, N-butanol, N-pentanol, N-hexanol, propylene glycol, butanediol and glycerol.

The additive is a mixture of a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and the additive, the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01-10%.

The waterproof agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium phosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, phosphine, phospholipid, phosphotungstic acid and ammonium phosphotungstate.

The hydrogen absorbing agent is one or more of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol.

The flash fire voltage improver is one or more of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polypentylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene alcohol, polybutylene alcohol, diethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol and nano silicon dioxide;

the additive is one or more of citric acid, ammonium citrate, tartaric acid, ammonium tartrate, polyethylene oxide ether, polyborate polymerized fatty acid ammonium salt, triethylamine, triethanolamine, formamide, butanedioxime, chrome black T, o-phenanthroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline.

A preparation method of a working electrolyte for improving hydration resistance of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing 1-25% of main solute, 0.01-5% of auxiliary solute containing fluorine, 60-90% of solvent and 0.04-15% of additive according to mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50-90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85-90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 90-120 ℃ for 30-120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

During the use of an electrolytic capacitor, it is generally considered that when the capacity drops below 80% of the initial capacity, the capacitor fails, i.e., the time taken for the capacity of the capacitor to drop by 20% is the life of the capacitor.

The following are specific examples.

Example 1

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium suberate 0.1 wt%, suberic acid 0.1 wt%, heptanoic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium heptanoate 0.1 wt%, isooctanoic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium isooctanoate 0.1 wt%, ammonium octanoate 0.1 wt%, salicylic acid 0.1 wt%, maleic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium maleate 0.1 wt%, ammonium perfluoroheptanoate 0.01 wt%, water 5 wt%, ethylene glycol 55 wt%, propylene glycol 10 wt%, gamma-butyrolactone 10 wt%, 10 wt% of n-butanol, 0.01 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.01 wt% of resorcinol, 0.01 wt% of polyethylene glycol, 1 wt% of citric acid, 1 wt% of polyethylene oxide ether, 0.5 wt% of polyborate polyfatty acid ammonium, 0.5 wt% of triethylamine, 1 wt% of triethanolamine, 1 wt% of formamide, 1 wt% of succinoxime, chrome black T1wt, 0.5 wt% of o-non-pyrroline and 0.46 wt% of 8-hydroxyquinoline.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 90 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 2

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 wt% of ammonium sebacate, 5 wt% of isosebacic acid, 5 wt% of ammonium isododecanedioate, 1 wt% of ammonium isodecanoate, 1 wt% of decanoic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium decanoate, 1 wt% of octanoic acid, 1 wt% of isoheptanoic acid, 2 wt% of boric acid, 2 wt% of ammonium pentaborate, 1 wt% of sodium tetraborate, 1 wt% of ammonium isoperfluordecanoate, 1 wt% of perfluorodecanoic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium perfluorodecanoate, 1 wt% of perfluorooctanoic acid, 1 wt% of isoperfluoroheptanoic acid, 0.5 wt% of water, 10 wt% of ethylene glycol, 4.5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 10 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 5 wt% of N-butanol, 5 wt% of N-pentanol, 5 wt% of N-hexanol, 5 wt% of propylene glycol, 10 wt% of butanediol, 5 wt% of glycerol, 2 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.5 wt% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 0.1 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 0.1 wt% of m-nitroacetophenone, 0.1 wt% of p-nitrophenol, 0.1 wt% of o-nitroanisole, 0.1 wt% of p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene, 1 wt% of dinitrophenol, 0.99 wt% of polyethylene glycol, 0.2 wt% of polypropylene glycol, 0.3 wt% of polytetramethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of polypentylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of polyhexamethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 wt% of polypropylene alcohol, 0.5 wt% of polybutylene alcohol, 0.5 wt% of diethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5 wt% of mannitol, 0.5 wt% of nano silicon dioxide and 0.01 wt% of tartaric acid.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 120 ℃ for 30min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 3

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 wt% of sebacic acid, 1 wt% of dodecanedioic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium dodecanedioate, 1 wt% of isododecanedioic acid, 2 wt% of ammonium isodecanoate, 1 wt% of ammonium isoperfluorodecanoate, 1 wt% of perfluoroheptanoic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium perfluorooctanoate, 1 wt% of perfluorononanoic acid, 1 wt% of isoperfluorooctanoic acid, 0.5 wt% of water, 69.5 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.2 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.3 wt% of ammonium dihydrogenphosphate, 0.5 wt% of diammonium hydrogenphosphate, 0.5 wt% of phosphorous acid, 0.5 wt% of hypophosphorous acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 0.5 wt% of phosphane, 0.5 wt% of phospholipid, 0.5 wt% of phosphotungstic acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium phosphotungstate, 2 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 3 wt% of polyethylene glycol, 0.1 wt% of citric acid, 0.1 wt% of ammonium citrate, 0.1 wt% of tartaric acid, 0.1 wt% of ammonium tartrate, 0.1 wt% of polyethylene oxide ether, 0.45 wt% of polymethylene oxide ether, 0.45 wt% of polymerized fatty acid, and the like, 0.45 wt% of polymeric boric acid ester polymerized fatty acid ammonium, 0.45 wt% of triethylamine, 0.45 wt% of triethanolamine, 0.45 wt% of formamide, 0.45 wt% of succinoxime, 0.45 wt% of chrome black T, 0.45 wt% of o-non-pyrroline and 0.45 wt% of 8-hydroxyquinoline.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 110 ℃ for 90min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 4

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: boric acid 4.96 wt%, isoperfluoro ammonium decanoate 1 wt%, perfluor ammonium nonanoate 1 wt%, isoperfluoro ammonium heptanoate 1 wt%, isoperfluoro octanoic acid 1 wt%, isoperfluoro nonanoic acid 1 wt%, water 5 wt%, ethylene glycol 85 wt%, phosphoric acid 0.01 wt%, p-nitrophenol 0.01 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.01 wt%, and tartaric acid 0.01 wt%.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 80 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 100 ℃ for 80min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 5

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 wt% pelargonic acid, 2 wt% ammonium pelargonate, 1 wt% isooctanoic acid, 1 wt% isononanoic acid, 1 wt% isodecanoic acid, 1 wt% ammonium isoheptate, 1 wt% ammonium isooctanoate, 2 wt% ammonium isononanoate, 2 wt% ammonium isoperfluorocactoate, 3 wt% ammonium isoperfluorononanoate, 5 wt% water, 50 wt% ethylene glycol, 10 wt% N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% gamma-butyrolactone, 10 wt% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 wt% p-nitroanisole, 2 wt% diethylene glycol, and 1 wt% triethylamine.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 120 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 6

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 wt% of boric acid, 2 wt% of sulfanilic acid, 0.1 wt% of perfluorosuberic acid, 0.1 wt% of perfluorosebacic acid, 0.1 wt% of perfluorododecanedioic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium perfluorooctanedioate, 1 wt% of ammonium perfluorosebacate, 1 wt% of ammonium perfluorododecanedioate, 0.1 wt% of isoperfluorooctanedioic acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium isoperfluorooctanoate, 0.3 wt% of ammonium isoperfluorooctanoate, 0.2 wt% of ammonium isoperfluorooctanoate, 5 wt% of water, 55 wt% of ethylene glycol, 5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 2 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 10 wt% of p-nitrobenzol, 2 wt% of mannitol and 1 wt% of polyethylene oxide ether.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 90 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 7

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 wt% of boric acid, 5 wt% of ammonium perfluorodecanoate, 5 wt% of water, 55 wt% of ethylene glycol, 5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 2 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 2 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 10 wt% of mannitol and 1 wt% of 8-hydroxyquinoline.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 100 ℃ for 60min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 8

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 wt% of boric acid, 5 wt% of ammonium perfluorodecanoate, 5 wt% of water, 50 wt% of ethylene glycol, 10 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 2 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 2 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 10 wt% of nano silicon dioxide and 1 wt% of butanedioxime.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 100 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 9

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10 wt% of boric acid, 5 wt% of ammonium perfluorodecanoate, 5 wt% of water, 55 wt% of ethylene glycol, 5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 2 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 2 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 1 wt% of nano silicon dioxide and 10 wt% of butanedioxime.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 110 ℃ for 100min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 1

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ammonium octanedioate 0.1 wt%, suberic acid 0.1 wt%, heptanoic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium heptanoate 0.11 wt%, isooctanoic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium isooctanoate 0.1 wt%, ammonium octanoate 0.1 wt%, salicylic acid 0.1 wt%, maleic acid 0.1 wt%, ammonium maleate 0.1 wt%, water 5 wt%, ethylene glycol 55 wt%, propylene glycol 10 wt%, γ -butyrolactone 10 wt%, n-butanol 10 wt%, phosphoric acid 0.01 wt%, resorcinol 0.01 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.01 wt%, citric acid 1 wt%, polyethylene oxide ether 0.5 wt%, polyborate polymeric fatty acid 0.5 wt%, polymeric borate polymeric fatty acid ammonium salt 0.5 wt%, triethylamine 0.5 wt%, triethanolamine 1 wt%, formamide 1 wt%, butane diol 1 wt%, chrome black T1 wt%, o-pyroline 0.5 wt%, and 8-hydroxyquinoline 0.46 wt%.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 90 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 2

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 wt% of ammonium sebacate, 5 wt% of isosebacic acid, 5 wt% of ammonium iso-docecate, 2 wt% of ammonium iso-decanoate, 2 wt% of decanoic acid, 2 wt% of octanoic acid, 2 wt% of isoheptanoic acid, 2 wt% of boric acid, 2 wt% of ammonium pentaborate, 1 wt% of sodium tetraborate, 0.5 wt% of water, 10 wt% of ethylene glycol, 4.5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 10 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 5 wt% of N-butanol, 5 wt% of N-pentanol, 5 wt% of N-hexanol, 5 wt% of propylene glycol, 10 wt% of butylene glycol, 5 wt% of glycerol, 2 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.5 wt% of p-nitrobenzoic acid, 0.1 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 0.1 wt% of m-nitroacetophenone, 0.1 wt% of p-nitrophenol, 0.1 wt% of o-nitroanisole, 0.1 wt% of p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene, 1 wt% of dinitrophenol, 0.99 wt% of polyethylene glycol, 0.2 wt% of polypropylene glycol, 0.3 wt% of polytetramethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of polypentanediol, 0.5 wt% of polyhexamethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 wt% of polypropylene alcohol, 0.5 wt% of polybutylene alcohol, 0.5 wt% of diethylene glycol, 0.5 wt% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5 wt% of mannitol, 0.5 wt% of nano silicon dioxide and 0.01 wt% of tartaric acid.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 90 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 3

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5 wt% of sebacic acid, 1 wt% of dodecanedioic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium dodecanedioate, 1 wt% of isododecanedioic acid, 3 wt% of ammonium isodecanoate, 1 wt% of heptanoic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium caprylate, 1 wt% of nonanoic acid, 1 wt% of isooctanoic acid, 0.5 wt% of water, 69.5 wt% of ethylene glycol, 0.2 wt% of phosphoric acid, 0.3 wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 wt% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 wt% of phosphorous acid, 0.5 wt% of hypophosphorous acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium phosphite, 0.5 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 0.5 wt% of phosphane, 0.5 wt% of phospholipid, 0.5 wt% of phosphotungstic acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium phosphotungstate, 2 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 3 wt% of polyethylene glycol, 0.1 wt% of citric acid, 0.1 wt% of ammonium citrate, 0.1 wt% of tartaric acid, 0.1 wt% of ammonium tartrate, 0.1 wt% of polyethylene oxide ether, 0.45 wt% of polymethylene oxide, 0.45 wt% of polymerized boric acid, 0.45 wt% of polymerized fatty acid, 0.45 wt% of polymerized boric acid ester, 0.45 wt% of triethylamine, 0.45 wt% of triethanolamine, 0.45 wt% of formamide, 0.45 wt% of succinoxime, 0.45 wt% of chrome black T, 0.45 wt% of o-phenanthroline and 0.45 wt% of 8-hydroxyquinoline. The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 110 ℃ for 90min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 4

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: boric acid 4.96 wt%, isoammonium decanoate 1 wt%, ammonium nonanoate 1 wt%, ammonium isoheptanoate 1 wt%, isooctanoic acid 1 wt%, isononanoic acid 1 wt%, water 5 wt%, ethylene glycol 85 wt%, phosphoric acid 0.01 wt%, p-nitrophenol 0.01 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.01 wt%, and tartaric acid 0.01 wt%.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 80 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 100 ℃ for 80min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 5

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1 wt% of pelargonic acid, 2 wt% of ammonium pelargonate, 1 wt% of isooctanoic acid, 1 wt% of isononanoic acid, 1 wt% of isodecanoic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium isoheptate, 3 wt% of ammonium isooctanoate, 5 wt% of ammonium isononanoate, 5 wt% of water, 50 wt% of ethylene glycol, 10 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 10 wt% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 wt% of p-nitroanisole, 2 wt% of diethylene glycol and 1 wt% of triethylamine.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 120 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Comparative example 6

The working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 wt% of boric acid, 2 wt% of sulfanilic acid, 0.1 wt% of suberic acid, 0.1 wt% of sebacic acid, 0.1 wt% of dodecanedioic acid, 1 wt% of ammonium suberate, 1 wt% of ammonium sebacate, 0.1 wt% of isooctanoic acid, 0.1 wt% of isosebacic acid, 0.5 wt% of ammonium isododecanedioate, 0.3 wt% of ammonium isosebacate, 0.2 wt% of ammonium isododecanedioate, 5 wt% of water, 55 wt% of ethylene glycol, 5 wt% of N-N-dimethylformamide, 5 wt% of gamma-butyrolactone, 2 wt% of ammonium hypophosphite, 10 wt% of p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, 2 wt% of mannitol, and 1 wt% of polyethylene oxide ether.

The preparation method of the working electrolyte comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: weighing the components of the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor according to the mass percentage;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the step three at 90 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 10

The method comprises the following steps: weighing 25% of main solute, 5% of fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 60% of solvent and 10% of additive by mass percent;

wherein the main solute is boric acid, ammonium pentaborate, sodium tetraborate, ammonium isoheptate, ammonium isododecanedioate, and mixture of maleic acid and ammonium maleate.

The fluorine-containing auxiliary solute is perfluorononanoic acid.

The solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 5%, and the mass percent of the organic matters in the electrolyte is 55%. The organic matter is a mixture of ethylene glycol, N-N-dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, N-butanol, N-pentanol, N-hexanol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol and glycerol.

The additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and additives, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 1%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 2%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 3%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 4%.

The waterproof agent is a mixture of phosphoric acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium phosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, phosphane, phospholipid, phosphotungstic acid and ammonium phosphotungstate.

The hydrogen absorbing agent is a mixture of resorcinol, p-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzyl alcohol, m-nitroacetophenone, p-nitrophenol, o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol.

The flash fire voltage improver is a mixture of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polypentylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene alcohol, polybutylene alcohol, diethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol and nano silicon dioxide;

the additive is a mixture of citric acid, ammonium citrate, tartaric acid, ammonium tartrate, polyethylene oxide ether, triethylamine, triethanolamine, formamide, butanedioxime, chrome black T, o-non-pyrroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 50 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 85 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 120 ℃ for 30min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 11

The method comprises the following steps: weighing 1% of main solute, 0.01% of fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 90% of solvent and 8.99% of additive by mass percent;

wherein the main solute is boric acid.

The auxiliary solute containing fluorine is perfluorodecanoic acid.

The solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 0.5%, and the mass percent of the organic matters in the electrolyte is 89.5%. The organic substance is ethylene glycol.

The additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and additives, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 8%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.97%.

The waterproof agent is phosphoric acid and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

The hydrogen absorbing agent is a mixture of resorcinol and p-nitrobenzoic acid.

The flash voltage booster is a mixture of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polybutylene glycol;

the additive is citric acid;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 60 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 88 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 100 ℃ for 120min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 12

The method comprises the following steps: weighing 10% of main solute, 2% of fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 73% of solvent and 15% of additive by mass percent;

wherein the main solute is a mixture of ammonium pentaborate and sodium tetraborate.

The auxiliary solute containing fluorine is perfluorodecanoic acid.

The solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 5%, and the mass percent of the organic matters in the electrolyte is 68%. The organic matter is a mixture of N-N-dimethylformamide and gamma-butyrolactone.

The additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and additives, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 5%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 5%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 3%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 2%.

The waterproof agent is phosphorous acid.

The hydrogen absorbing agent is p-nitrophenol.

The sparking voltage improver is mannitol;

the additive is polyethylene oxide ether;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 70 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 87 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 110 ℃ for 50min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

Example 13

The method comprises the following steps: weighing 18.96% of main solute, 1% of fluorine-containing auxiliary solute, 80% of solvent and 0.04% of additive in percentage by mass;

wherein the main solute is a mixture of sodium tetraborate, maleic acid and ammonium maleate.

The auxiliary solute containing fluorine is a mixture of perfluorodecanoic acid and ammonium perfluorodecanoate.

The solvent is a mixture of water and organic matters, the mass percent of the water in the electrolyte is 5%, and the mass percent of the organic matters in the electrolyte is 75%. The organic is a mixture of n-pentanol, n-hexanol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, and glycerol.

The additive comprises a waterproof agent, a hydrogen absorbing agent, a sparking voltage improver and additives, wherein the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01%, the mass percent of the hydrogen absorbing agent in the electrolyte is 0.01%, the mass percent of the sparking voltage improver in the electrolyte is 0.01%, and the mass percent of the waterproof agent in the electrolyte is 0.01%.

The waterproof agent is a mixture of ammonium hypophosphite, phosphane, phospholipid, phosphotungstic acid and ammonium phosphotungstate.

The hydrogen absorbing agent is a mixture of o-nitroanisole, p-benzoquinone dinitrobenzene and dinitrophenol.

The sparking voltage raising agent is a mixture of mannitol and nano silicon dioxide;

the additive is a mixture of o-non-pyrroline and 8-hydroxyquinoline;

step two: adding a main solute and a fluorine-containing auxiliary solute into a solvent at 90 ℃, and stirring until the main solute and the fluorine-containing auxiliary solute are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step three: adding the additive into the mixed solution obtained in the second step at 90 ℃, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution;

step four: and boiling the mixed solution obtained in the third step at 90 ℃ for 80min, and cooling to obtain the working electrolyte for improving the capacity and hydration resistance of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor.

The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is manufactured, and the specifications are 160V-47 mu F13 mm x 21mm, 250V-100 mu F16 mm x 25mm, 400V-10 mu F8 mm x 12mm and 650V-4.7 mu F10 mm x 13 mm. The manufacturing method of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: putting the cut electrolytic paper into an electrolyte for an electrolytic capacitor (the electrolyte prepared by the embodiment and the comparative example in the invention) for 10-60s to obtain electrolytic paper impregnated with the electrolyte;

step two: winding or folding the electrolytic paper impregnated with the electrolyte, the anode foil and the extraction electrode foil obtained in the step one into a core package;

step three: and (5) putting the core cladding obtained in the step two into a shell and packaging to obtain the electrolytic capacitor.

An electrolytic capacitor sample was put into a life load test at 105 c, and 5 samples were put into each of the capacitors of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 6 in experiments of different specifications to obtain initial characteristics and life test results of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the time required for the capacity of the capacitor to change by 20% was recorded, and after removing abnormal values, an average value was obtained, and the results are shown in table 1 to table 4:

TABLE 1 Performance of 160V-47 μ F13 mm by 21mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor

TABLE 2 Performance of 250V-100 μ F16 mm 25mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor

TABLE 3 Performance of 400V-10 μ F8 mm 12mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor

TABLE 4 Performance of 650V-4.7 μ F10 mm by 13mm aluminum electrolytic capacitor

As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, the electrolyte prepared according to the present invention can improve the life of the capacitor by more than 1 time as compared to the comparative example (conventional electrolyte).