Top shell of gyratory crusher
阅读说明:本技术 回转破碎机顶壳 (Top shell of gyratory crusher ) 是由 扬·约翰松 米夏埃尔·斯科格 桑尼·埃克 芒努斯·弗雷德里克松 于 2018-01-31 设计创作,主要内容包括:一种具有环形壳壁的回转破碎机顶壳,该壳壁被加强,以最小化应力集中并增加所述顶壳的使用寿命。所述顶壳包括支架臂,该支架臂在其径向内部区域处在结构上被加强,并且还包括环形壁,该环形壁在紧挨所述支架臂下方的区域处被加强,以进一步增加强度并便于铸造。(A gyratory crusher top shell having an annular shell wall that is reinforced to minimize stress concentrations and increase the service life of the top shell. The top shell includes a spider arm that is structurally reinforced at a radially inner region thereof, and also includes an annular wall that is reinforced at a region immediately below the spider arm to further increase strength and facilitate casting.)
1. A gyratory crusher topshell (100) comprising:
an annular housing wall (102), the annular housing wall (102) extending about an axis (112), the wall (102) having a radially outwardly facing surface (106), a radially inwardly facing surface (107), an axially upper annular end and an axially lower annular end for mating with a bottom shell;
a plurality of crushing shell mounting holes (110), said plurality of crushing shell mounting holes (110) extending axially through said wall (102) towards said lower annular end to receive clamping bolts to mount a crushing shell within said top shell;
the method is characterized in that:
a radial thickness (J) of the annular wall (102) at a reinforcement region (111) is greater than a radial thickness (I) of the annular wall (102) at a location of each mounting hole (110) in the circumferential direction, the reinforcement region (111) extending in the circumferential direction between the mounting holes (110) and at an axial location of an axially upper end (110a) of the mounting hole (110).
2. The top case of claim 1, further comprising:
a bracket having arms (103), said arms (103) extending radially outwardly from bosses (104) to said axially upper annular end of said wall (102), said bosses (104) being positioned at a longitudinal axis (112) extending through said top shell (100); and is
The mounting holes (110) are distributed around the wall (102) in the circumferential direction and are positioned at a region that is not axially below a central region (200) in the circumferential direction of a radially outer end of each of the arms (103).
3. The top shell according to claim 2, wherein each of the arms (103) comprises a pair of wings (202), the pair of wings (202) protruding outwardly in a circumferential direction at a region where the arm (103) meets the upper annular end, and the mounting hole (110) is positioned at a region not axially below the central region (200) of the arm (103) and the wings (202).
4. Top shell according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the mounting hole (110) is positioned not axially below any part of the arm (103) in the circumferential direction.
5. Top shell according to any preceding claim, wherein said reinforcement area (111) extends axially at least between said axial upper end (110a) of said mounting hole (110) and an axial area immediately below said upper annular end of said wall (102).
6. The top shell according to any preceding claim, wherein the outwardly facing surface (106) at the reinforced area (111) of the wall (102) between the mounting holes (110) in the circumferential direction is positioned radially outside a radial position of each of the mounting holes (110).
7. Top shell according to any preceding claim, wherein the wall (102) comprises a substantially uniform radial thickness, which is interrupted in the circumferential direction by a radially recessed region (201) centrally located on each of the mounting holes (110), respectively, wherein the wall thickness (I) at the recessed region (201) is smaller than the wall thickness (J) in the circumferential direction at the reinforcement region (111) between the mounting holes (110).
8. The top case of any preceding claim, further comprising:
an upper annular flange (108), said upper annular flange (108) projecting radially outwardly from said outwardly facing surface (106) of said wall (102) at an axial position toward said upper annular end; and
a lower annular flange (109), said lower annular flange (109) projecting radially outwardly from said outwardly facing surface (106) of said wall (102) at an axial position toward said lower annular end, said lower annular flange (109) including a plurality of bottom shell attachment holes (116), said attachment holes (116) being positioned radially outwardly of said crushing shell mounting holes (110);
wherein the reinforcement area (111) extends axially between the upper annular flange (108) and the lower annular flange (109).
9. Top shell according to any preceding claim when dependent on claim 2, wherein the width of each of the arms (103) in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (112) increases in a radially inward direction at a respective transition region (203) connected to a hub (104), wherein the shape of the transition region (203) in the plane perpendicular to the axis (112) is substantially linear conical or substantially convex, and the transition region (203) terminates at an outwardly facing surface (705) of the hub (104).
10. Top shell according to claim 9, wherein the width of each of the arms (103) increases continuously in a radially inward direction from the minimum width (E) of each arm (103) along a radial length portion (D) of each arm (103) through each respective transition region (203), wherein the length portion (D) is in the range of 30% to 70% of the total radial length (C) of each arm (103), said total radial length (C) being defined between a radially outermost surface (702) of each arm (103) positioned substantially at said annular upper end of said wall (102) and a radially innermost end of each arm (103) corresponding to a radially innermost portion (703) of said respective transition region (203), the transition region (203) interfaces with the radially outwardly facing surface (705) of the hub portion (104).
11. The top case of claim 10, wherein the range is 40% to 60%.
12. The topshell as claimed in claim 10 or 11 wherein the maximum width (F) of each arm (103) at the radially inner end of each transition region (203) interfacing with the radially outwardly facing surface (705) of the hub portion (104) is in the range of 60% to 100% greater than the minimum width (E) of each arm in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (112).
13. The top case of claim 12, wherein the range is 80% to 95%.
14. Top shell according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein each of the transition regions (203) interfaces with the hub portion (104) over an annular distance (O) in the range of 80 ° to 130 ° in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (112).
15. A gyratory crusher comprising a topshell according to any one of the preceding claims.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a gyratory crusher topshell and in particular, but not exclusively, to a topshell having an annular wall reinforced for stress concentrations.
Background
Gyratory crushers are used to crush ore, mineral and rock material into smaller sizes. Typically, a crusher comprises a crushing head mounted on an elongated main shaft. A first crushing shell, called mantle section, is mounted on the crushing head and a second crushing shell, called recess section, is mounted on the frame such that the first and second shells together define a crushing chamber through which the material to be crushed passes. A drive device positioned at a lower region of the main shaft is configured to rotate an eccentric assembly positioned about the shaft to cause the crushing head to perform a gyratory pendulum movement and crush material introduced into the crushing chamber.
The main shaft is supported at its uppermost end by a top bearing which is received within a central hub forming part of a spider assembly which is axially located at an upper region of the top shell frame portion. The spider arms project radially outward from the central hub to contact an axially upper flange or rim at the top shell. The material to be crushed typically falls through the area between the spider arms. Exemplary gyratory crushers having a topshell and a carriage assembly are described in WO 2004/110626, US 2010/0155512, US 4,034,922.
It will be appreciated that during use, the top shell is subjected to considerable loading forces, including torsion, compression and stress concentrations. The high stress regions include the shell wall of the annular top shell below the spider arms and the radially inner region of the arms mounted at the central hub. It will be appreciated that significant stress concentrations can lead to fatigue and cracking of the top shell and limit its useful life. In addition, conventional top shells typically require a relatively complex pouring feeder arrangement when the support frame and top shell are cast as a unitary component. Thus, the preparation and implementation of existing manufacturing methods is time consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a gyratory crusher topshell which greatly facilitates casting and which exhibits substantially uniform mechanical strength characteristics in the circumferential direction around the annular wall of the topshell, particularly at those regions of the wall directly below the outboard ends of the spider arms. Another object is to provide a topshell having a carrier arm that is reinforced at its radially inner end that is coupled to a central hub.
A particular object is to provide a gyratory crusher topshell that simplifies the complexity of the pouring feeder assembly that delivers liquid melt into the mold during casting, thereby reducing the time required for casting and potentially reducing the number of feeders. A further specific object is to provide a top shell that is compatible with the bottom shell, the female part and the main shaft of existing gyratory crushers, so as to be able to be integrated in existing gyratory crushers.
These objects are achieved by providing a top shell in which mounting holes (which receive clamping bolts to secure a female part in place within the top shell by an intermediate clamping ring) are positioned to either side of a bracket arm in the circumferential direction such that the region directly below the radially outermost end of the arm is formed by a reinforced wall region. The loading force is thus better transmitted from the carrier arm into the top shell via this reinforced wall region. Thus, the top shell of the present invention comprises an annular wall which may be considered to comprise a uniform radial wall thickness in the circumferential direction, which wall thickness is interrupted by recessed regions, each of these recessed regions corresponding in position (in the circumferential direction) to each of the mounting holes, so that the mounting holes can be inserted and removed at the top shell when the clamping ring is fixed in place. That is, in order to provide a uniform strength distribution in the circumferential direction around the annular wall, the annular wall is reinforced in the circumferential direction between the mounting holes so as to include the largest possible radial thickness. It will be appreciated that the thickness of the reinforced wall region is limited by the smallest inner diameter of the top shell and the radial position of the attachment hole provided at the upper annular flange of the top shell to which the feed input hopper can be mounted.
These objects are further achieved by specifically configuring the width of the spider arms at a radially inner position (in contact with the central hub) of the spider arms relative to a plane aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the top shell. In particular, the support arms taper outwardly in the vertical plane such that the cross-sectional area of the arms increases in a radial direction towards the hub. In particular, the shape profile of the outwardly tapered regions is linear or convex (in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the top shell). This arrangement is advantageous to minimise stress concentrations and to increase the strength of the top shell to withstand loading forces and in particular to withstand torque transmitted through the hub to the spider arms as the main shaft rotates within the hub. The configuration of the present invention is particularly advantageous relative to conventional convex contoured transition regions (at the radially inner ends of the carrier arms) which have been found to provide un-optimized load transfer and limited resistance to stress concentrations at the regions of the carrier arms and at the joints between the carrier arms and the hub and annular walls.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gyratory crusher top shell comprising: an annular housing wall extending about an axis, the wall having a radially outwardly facing surface, a radially inwardly facing surface, an axially upper annular end and an axially lower annular end for mating with a bottom shell; a plurality of crushing shell mounting holes extending axially through the wall toward the lower annular end for receiving clamping bolts to mount the crushing shell within the top shell; the method is characterized in that: the radial thickness of the annular wall at a reinforced region extending in the circumferential direction between the mounting holes and at an axial position of an axially upper end of the mounting holes is greater than the radial thickness of the annular wall at a position of each mounting hole in the circumferential direction.
Optionally, the top case may further include: a bracket having arms extending radially outwardly from a boss positioned at a longitudinal axis extending through the top shell to an axially upper annular end of the shell wall; and the mounting holes are distributed around the annular wall in the circumferential direction and are positioned at regions that are not axially below a central region in the circumferential direction of a radially outer end of each of the arms.
Preferably, each reinforcing region extends continuously in the circumferential direction around the respective section of the top shell between the general locations or regions of the mounting holes or mounting holes. Preferably, the radial thickness of the annular wall within each transition region is substantially uniform in the circumferential direction and/or the axial direction. This configuration is advantageous to maximize the strength of the top shell and minimize the risk of porosity in the wall caused by casting the top shell.
Preferably, the reinforcement region extends axially at least between an axially upper end of the mounting hole and an axial region immediately below the upper annular end of the wall. Thus, the reinforced region extends substantially the entire axial height of the top shell annular wall (below the bracket arms) between the axially upper and lower ends. Alternatively, the reinforced region may extend only between the upper and lower flanges that extend radially outward.
Preferably, the outwardly facing surface at the reinforced region of the annular wall between the mounting holes in the circumferential direction is positioned radially outward of the radial position of each of the mounting holes. Thus, the radial thickness of the annular wall at the reinforced region is greater than the wall thickness at the location of each mounting hole in the circumferential direction, such that the mounting holes are recessed to radially sit within the maximum wall thickness at the reinforced region between the radially outwardly facing surface and the radially inwardly facing surface of the annular wall.
Optionally, the radial thickness of the annular wall at each recess (mounting hole) may be in the range of 10% to 70%, 20% to 60%, 20% to 40%, 30% to 60%, 35% to 55% or 40% to 50% of the wall thickness at each reinforcement area at the same axial height position.
Preferably, the top case further comprises: an upper annular flange projecting radially outwardly from the outwardly facing surface of the annular wall at an axial location toward the upper annular end; and a lower annular flange projecting radially outwardly from the outwardly facing surface of the annular wall at an axial position toward the lower annular end, the lower annular flange including a plurality of bottom shell attachment holes positioned radially outwardly of the crushing shell mounting holes.
Optionally, the top shell may further comprise respective sets of attachment bolts to secure the hopper and the bottom shell to the top shell. The attachment holes are positioned radially outward of the outwardly facing surface of the annular wall to avoid interference and contact with the annular wall.
Preferably, each arm comprises a pair of wings projecting outwardly in the circumferential direction at the region where the arm meets the upper annular end of the wall, the mounting holes being located at regions which are not axially below the central region of the arm and the wings. This configuration facilitates maximizing the cross-sectional area of the arm at the transition region (in the axial direction) between the arm and the axially upper end of the annular wall of the top shell, thereby minimizing stress concentration and maximizing loading force transfer.
Preferably, the mounting hole is positioned not axially below any portion of the arm in the circumferential direction. This configuration enables the annular wall to be reinforced directly beneath the radially outer portion of the arm to maximise the transfer of loading forces (particularly to withstand torque forces) between the carrier and the annular wall. This arrangement further facilitates the ease of casting and reduces the likelihood of porosity within the arms and annular walls.
Preferably, the annular wall comprises a substantially uniform radial thickness which is interrupted in the circumferential direction by a radially recessed region centrally located on each of the mounting holes, respectively, wherein the wall thickness at the recessed region is smaller than the wall thickness at the reinforcement region between the mounting holes in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the width of each arm in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis increases in a radially inward direction at a respective transition region connected to the hub, wherein the shape of the transition region in said plane perpendicular to the axis is substantially linear conical or substantially convex, and the transition region terminates at an outwardly facing surface of the hub. It has been found that the convex profile particularly enhances the strength characteristics of the arm against torsional loading forces. This increased cross-sectional area of the arms at the junction with the hub also facilitates casting and reduces the likelihood of porosity within the arms and hub.
Preferably, the width of each arm increases continuously in a radially inward direction from a minimum width of each arm through each respective transition region along a radially length portion of each arm, wherein the length portion is in the range of 30% to 70%, 40% to 60%, or 45% to 55% of a total radial length of each arm defined between a radially outermost surface of each arm positioned substantially at the annular upper end of the wall and a radially innermost end of each arm corresponding to a radially innermost portion of the respective transition region interfacing with the hub outwardly facing surface. This configuration facilitates structural reinforcement of the arms over a substantial radial length portion next to the central hub.
Preferably, the maximum width of each arm at the radially inner end of each transition region that interfaces with the radially outwardly facing surface of the hub is in the range of 60% to 100%, 80% to 95%, or 84% to 92% greater than the minimum width of each arm in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This configuration maximizes the cross-sectional area of the arms at the interface with the hub to minimize stress concentrations and maximize the efficient transfer of loading forces from the hub to the bracket arms.
Preferably, each transition region interfaces with the hub portion over an annular distance in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis in a range of 80 ° to 130 °, 90 ° to 110 °, or 95 ° to 110 °.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gyratory crusher topshell comprising: a bracket having an arm extending radially outward from a boss positioned at a longitudinal axis extending through the top shell; an annular housing wall extending about the axis, the wall having a radially outwardly facing surface, a radially inwardly facing surface, an axially upper annular end from which the arms extend, and an axially lower annular end for mating with the bottom shell; a plurality of crushing shell mounting holes extending axially through the wall toward the lower annular end for receiving clamping bolts to mount the crushing shell within the top shell; the method is characterized in that: the mounting holes are distributed in the circumferential direction around the annular wall and are positioned at regions that are not axially below a central region in the circumferential direction of the radially outer end of each arm.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gyratory crusher topshell comprising: a bracket having an arm extending radially outward from a boss positioned at a longitudinal axis extending through the top shell; an annular housing wall extending about the axis, the wall having a radially outwardly facing surface, a radially inwardly facing surface, an axially upper annular end from which the arms extend, and an axially lower annular end for mating with the bottom shell; the method is characterized in that: the width of each arm in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis increases in a radially inward direction at a respective transition region connected to the hub, wherein the shape of the transition region in the plane perpendicular to the axis is generally linear, conical or generally convex, and the transition region terminates at an outward facing surface of the hub.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gyratory crusher comprising a top shell as claimed herein.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a perspective view of a gyratory crusher top shell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another perspective view of the top housing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view through M-M of the top housing of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view through M-M of the top housing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective cross-sectional view through N-N of the top housing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view through O-O of the top shell of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the top housing of FIG. 2;
fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the top case of fig. 7.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a gyratory crusher topshell 100 includes a spider, generally indicated by reference numeral 101, and an annular wall, generally indicated by reference numeral 102. The bracket 101 includes a pair of diametrically
In particular, the annular wall 102 comprises a first axially upper end defined by an axially upwardly facing planar
A plurality of hopper attachment holes 115 are circumferentially distributed and extend axially through the
The annular wall 102 includes a reinforced area, generally indicated by
As can be noted from fig. 1, 2 and 6, each mounting
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 7, each
Referring to fig. 5, the radial thickness of each
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the stress concentration at the top shell 100 is further minimized by the configuration of each transition region (generally designated by reference numeral 203) at the radially inner end of each
To further optimize the enhanced strength characteristics of each