阅读说明：本技术 用于燃料组合物的性能增强添加剂及其使用方法 (Performance enhancing additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof ) 是由 马赫什·苏布拉马尼亚姆 于 2019-01-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及性能增强添加剂组合物,在一个实施方式中,该性能增强添加剂组合物包括：(i)酰胺；和(ii)胺的经氧化物处理的衍生物的混合物或共混物,并且在另一个实施方式中,该性能增强添加剂组合物包含：(i)酰胺；和(ii)胺的经氧化物处理的衍生物,且进一步包含清洁剂,并涉及在又一个实施方式中的其燃料组合物,和涉及在又一个实施方式中的其使用方法,以及涉及在又一个实施方式中的改善燃料和发动机的性能的方法。(The present invention relates to a performance enhancing additive composition, which in one embodiment comprises: (i) an amide; and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine, and in another embodiment, the performance enhancing additive composition comprises: (i) an amide; and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine, and further comprising a detergent, and to a fuel composition thereof in yet another embodiment, and to a method of use thereof in yet another embodiment, and to a method of improving the performance of fuels and engines in yet another embodiment.)

1. A performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (i) amide (a component); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component).

2. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a detergent (C-component).

3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amide (a-component) is the reaction product of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) and Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA).

4. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the oxide-treated derivative of the amine (B component) is the reaction product of an oxide with an amine.

5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the oxide is selected from the group comprising Ethylene Oxide (EO), Propylene Oxide (PO), Butylene Oxide (BO) and such other oxides.

6. Composition according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the amine is preferably a tertiary amine, more preferably a tertiary amine containing one or more hydroxyl groups in the alkyl chain.

7. Composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the amine is more preferably Triisopropanolamine (TIPA).

8. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said detergent is polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI).

9. Use of the performance enhancing additive composition of any of the preceding claims 1 to 8 to enhance the performance of an engine or a fuel for said engine by reducing the power loss of the engine.

10. A method of improving the performance of an engine or a fuel for said engine by reducing the power consumption of the engine, wherein said method comprises using a performance enhancing additive composition according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8.

11. A fuel composition comprising: (A) fuels used in modern engines; and (B) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to Performance enhancing additives (Performance enhancing additives) for fuel compositions, fuel compositions containing Performance enhancing additives, and methods of use thereof.

Background

Modern diesel engines with injection systems have become more energy efficient.

Accordingly, there is a need in the industry for an additive that enhances the performance of fuels, thereby reducing power losses particularly when the fuel is used in diesel engines.

Accordingly, there is a need for a performance enhancing additive for fuel compositions, fuel compositions containing the performance enhancing additive, and methods of using the same.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention:

the present invention therefore aims to provide a solution to the problem of power loss in modern diesel engines.

The purpose of the invention is as follows:

accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a performance enhancing additive for fuel compositions, fuel compositions containing the performance enhancing additive, and methods of using the same.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description when read in conjunction with examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to provide a solution to the problem of power loss in diesel engines, the inventors of the present invention have found that when a blend or mixture of an amide and an oxide-treated amine is added to a fuel, the resulting fuel composition surprisingly and unexpectedly demonstrates that the performance of a diesel engine or fuel is improved by reducing the power loss of the engine.

Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (i) amide (a component); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component).

Thus, in another embodiment, the present invention also relates to the use of a performance enhancing additive composition for enhancing the performance of an engine or a fuel for an engine by reducing the power loss of the engine, the performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (i) amide (a component); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component).

Accordingly, in yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to a fuel composition comprising: (A) fuels used in modern engines; and (B) a performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (i) an amide; and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the amide (component a) is the reaction product of polyisobutylene Succinic Anhydride (PIBSA) and TetraethylenePentamine (TEPA).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, PIBSA is reacted with TEPA at a temperature, in particular, of less than about 100 ℃.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the oxide-treated derivative of the amine (B component) is the reaction product of an oxide and an amine.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the Oxide is selected from the group comprising Ethylene Oxide (EO), Propylene Oxide (PO), Butylene Oxide (BO) and such other oxides.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the amine is preferably a tertiary amine, more preferably a tertiary amine containing one or more hydroxyl groups in the alkyl chain, even more preferably Tri-isopropanolamine (TIPA).

Thus, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the oxide-treated derivative of the amine is selected from the group of an Ethylene Oxide (EO) -treated derivative of the amine, a Propylene Oxide (PO) -treated derivative of the amine and a Butylene Oxide (BO) -treated derivative of the amine.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxide-treated derivative of the amine may be prepared by any known method, preferably by reacting the amine and oxide taken at a molar ratio of about 0.5: 4 to about 2: 16, more preferably by reacting the amine and oxide taken in a weight ratio of about 1: 8 to about 2: 16, even more preferably by reacting the amine and oxide taken in the ratio of about 1: 8 by weight ratio.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxide-treated derivative of the amine is prepared by reacting the amine and the oxide in the presence of a hydroxide or an alcohol hydroxide, preferably potassium hydroxide.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (i) an amide (a component); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component) may be prepared by mixing or blending the a and B components in any molar ratio or any weight ratio. For example, the weight ratio of amide to oxide treated amine may be in the range of about 99: 1 to about 1: 99. The oxide-treated amine may be prepared by reacting an amine to an oxide in a molar ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1: 50 mol of the mixture.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above additive composition may further comprise a detergent (C component).

Thus, in yet another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (I) (i) an amide (a component); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component); and (II) a detergent (component C).

Thus, in yet another embodiment, the present invention also relates to the use of a performance enhancing additive composition for improving the performance of an engine or a fuel for an engine by reducing the power loss of the engine, the performance enhancing additive composition comprising: (I) a mixture or blend of (i) an amide (a component), and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component); and (II) a detergent (component C).

Accordingly, in yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to a fuel composition comprising: (I) a performance enhancing additive composition comprising a mixture or blend of (i) an amide (a component), and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component); (II) a cleaning agent (component C); and (III) fuels used in modern engines.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the detergent is polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI) is a reaction product of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) and Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, PIBSA is reacted with TEPA, in particular at a temperature above about 100 ℃.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, PIBSA can be prepared by any known method, preferably PIBSA can be prepared from High Reactive Polyisobutylene (HRPIB).

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, conventional PIB and so-called "highly reactive" PIB (see, for example, EP-B-0565285) are suitable for use in the present invention. Highly reactive PIB is defined herein as PIB in which at least 50%, preferably 70% or more of the terminal olefinic double bonds are of the vinylidene type, such as GLISSOPAL compounds available from BASF.

It may be noted that, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning agent (C-component) may be mixed or blended with a mixture or blend of (i) the amide (a-component) and (ii) the oxide-treated derivative of the amine (B-component), or alternatively the detergent (C-component) may be mixed or blended with (i) the amide (a-component) and (ii) the oxide-treated derivative of the amine (B-component), to form the composition of the present invention.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (i) an amide (a component); (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of an amine (B component); and (iii) the cleaning agent (C component) are mixed or blended in any molar ratio or any weight ratio. For example, the weight ratio of amide to oxide treated amine may be in the range of about 99: 1 to about 1: 99. The oxide-treated amine may be prepared by reacting an amine and an oxide in a ratio of about 1: 1 to about 1: 50 mol ratio reaction. Further, the amide: oxide-treated amine: the cleaning agent is mixed at a ratio of about 1: 0.1: 0.1 to about 0.1: 1: 1 by weight ratio.

Thus, in yet another embodiment, the present invention also relates to a method of reducing power consumption of an engine to improve the performance of the engine and the fuel used in the engine by using the performance enhancing additive composition of the present invention.

In one exemplary embodiment, the cleaning agent of the present invention is polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI), which may be prepared by methods known in the art. Preferably, the PIBSI can be prepared by the following two-step reaction.

Step 1: synthesis of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA): (not inventive):

a) a commercial, Highly Reactive Polyisobutylene (HRPIB) of about 1297.5g with a molecular weight of 750 was charged into a clean, dry four-neck flask. The temperature was raised to about 125 ℃;

b) adding about 201.8g of maleic anhydride and further heating the resulting reaction mixture to a temperature of about 170 ℃ for about 2 hours;

c) the reaction mixture was further heated to about 205 ℃ for about 3 hours and held at the same temperature, i.e., at a temperature of about 205 ℃ for about 6 hours;

d) after this, the excess maleic anhydride was distilled off;

e) the reaction mixture was diluted with toluene to give PIBSA, which was found to be 85% active in toluene.

Step 2: synthesis of polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI) - [ referred to as PDA1 in the examples ] from PIBSA of step 1:

a clean dry four-necked flask was charged with about 400g of an 85% active PIBSA in toluene solution as obtained in step 1 above, and about 76.1g of TEPA was added thereto at room temperature with continuous stirring. The reaction mixture thus obtained is then heated to a temperature of about 140 ℃ to 150 ℃, preferably, for the present example, to a temperature of about 145 ℃ to 147 ℃ and held at that temperature for about 4 hours, in order to complete the reaction, thereby forming the cyclic ring compound-PIBSI. After this time, toluene was completely distilled off. The reaction mixture was diluted with a heavy aromatic hydrocarbon solvent (HAR), in this case solvent naphtha, to give the cyclic ring compound PIBSI, which was found to have:

average molecular weight (M) of about 750 daltons_w) As measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC);

7% nitrogen content, calculated by elemental analysis; and

total amine number of about 133mg KOH/g, calculated by the method ASTM D2074-16.

In an exemplary embodiment, the amide of the present invention is the reaction product of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride (PIBSA) and TEPA, which can be prepared by methods known in the art. Preferably, the amide may be prepared by the following reaction.

Step A: synthesis of amide (a component):

to about 200g of the 85% active PIBSA solution obtained in step 1 above in toluene was added about 40.18g of TEPA with stirring at room temperature in a clean, dry, four-necked flask. The reaction mixture thus obtained is heated to a temperature of from about 60 ℃ to about 100 ℃, preferably to about 70 ℃ to about 90 ℃, for the purposes of the present example, in particular to a temperature of about 80 ℃, and is kept for a different duration of up to about 7 hours, preferably up to about 7 hours, for the purposes of the present example, in particular up to about 5 hours. It is noted that the reaction can also be carried out at room temperature, but cannot be carried out at a temperature higher than 100 ℃ because the cyclic compound PIBSI of step 2 above is formed afterwards, while the purpose of this example is to avoid the formation of the cyclic compound PIBSI of step 2 above. After this, toluene was distilled off to obtain an amide, which is designated as the a component in the present invention. The a component (amide) was found to have:

an acid number of about 18mg KOH/g, calculated by the method of ASTM D664-16.

5% nitrogen content, calculated by elemental analysis; and

total amine number of about 123mg KOH/g, calculated by the method ASTM D2074-16.

And B: preparation of PO-TIPA derivatives (B component):

the autoclave was charged with about 437gm of TIPA, to which was added about 7.5gm of potassium hydroxide (KOH), and the resulting reaction mixture was heated to a temperature of about 130 ℃ and to which was added about 1062.5gm of PO. The temperature of the resulting reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of about 130 ℃ for about 2-3 hours to cause the formation of the PO-TIPO derivative. The reaction mixture was cooled to Room Temperature (RT) and the PO-TIPA derivative, designated as component B in the present invention, was isolated. The B component (PO-TIPA derivative) was found to have:

3% nitrogen content, calculated by elemental analysis; and

total amine number of about 91mg KOH/g, calculated by the method ASTM D2074-16.

Preparing a mixture or blend of a component a and a component B: - [ PDA7 in the examples ]:

in one exemplary embodiment of the invention, a mixture or blend of a component and B component [ referred to in the examples as PDA7] may be prepared by the following procedure.

About 150g of the a component (amide) obtained in the above step a was charged into a clean and dry four-necked flask, and about 95g of the B component [ a component (amide) obtained in the above step B was added thereto in an amount of about 1: 8, taking TIPA: PO obtained PO-TIPA derivative ], and heating the resulting reaction mixture to a temperature of about 78 ℃ to 80 ℃ for about 4 h. It was observed that this resulted in the formation of two separate layers, confirming that no chemical reaction occurred between the a-and B-components of the present invention even when the reaction mixture of the a-and B-components of the present invention was heated to a temperature of about 78 ℃ to 80 ℃ for about 4 hours.

By analyzing these two separated layers, it was found that mixing and heating of the A-component and the B-component did not cause formation of quaternary salts, and thus it was confirmed that no chemical reaction occurred between the A-component and the B-component of the present invention.

For one exemplary embodiment of the invention, the two separate layers thus formed were diluted with toluene to have 50% activity, which resulted in the formation of a homogeneous monolayer, i.e., a mixture or blend of the a-component and the B-component, which is a mixture or blend of the present invention.

Analysis of a mixture or blend of 50% active a-component and 50% active B-component:

an acid number of about 5mg KOH/g, calculated by the method of ASTM D664-16;

3% nitrogen content, calculated by elemental analysis; and

total amine number of about 65mg KOH/g, calculated by the method ASTM D2074-16.

Abbreviations:

in the present invention, the following abbreviations are used:

TIPA is triisopropanolamine;

PO-TIPA is a Propylene Oxide (PO) derivative of TIPA;

750PIBSI is the average molecular weight (M)_w) A polyisobutylene succinimide at 750 daltons;

HRPIB is a highly reactive polyisobutene;

TEPA is tetraethylenepentamine;

PIBSA is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride; and

HAR is a heavy aromatic solvent.

Thus, in one embodiment, the performance enhancing additive composition of the present invention comprises: (i) amides (i.e., the reaction product of PIBSA and TEPA, i.e., the a component of step a); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of TIPA, for example a mixture/blend of PO-TIPA derivatives (i.e. the product of TIPA and PO, i.e. the B component of step B).

Thus, in a second embodiment, the performance enhancing additive composition of the present invention comprises: (i) amides (i.e., the reaction product of PIBSA and TEPA, i.e., the a component of step a); and (ii) an oxide-treated derivative of TIPA, for example a mixture/blend of PO-TIPA derivatives (i.e. the product of TIPA and PO, i.e. the B component of step B); and further (iii) PIBSI (C component) as a detergent.

Other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent from the accompanying examples, which are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.