阅读说明：本技术 车辆用灯具
(Vehicle lamp
) 是由 鬼头壮宜 于 2019-02-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：车辆用前照灯(1)具备：出射规定波长的光的光源(52R、52G、52B)；配光图案形成光学系统(56R、56G、56B),其包含使从光源(52R、52G、52B)出射的光的至少一部分的行进方向变化的准直透镜(53R、53G、53B)以及衍射光栅(54R、54G、54B),并出射规定的配光图案的光(LR、LG、LB)；以及振动赋予部(57R、57G、57B),其使光源(52R、52G、52B)与衍射光栅(54R、54G、54B)相对地振动。(A vehicle headlamp (1) is provided with: light sources (52R, 52G, 52B) for emitting light of a predetermined wavelength; a light distribution pattern forming optical system (56R, 56G, 56B) which includes a collimator lens (53R, 53G, 53B) and a diffraction grating (54R, 54G, 54B) for changing the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source (52R, 52G, 52B), and which emits light (LR, LG, LB) having a predetermined light distribution pattern; and vibration applying sections (57R, 57G, 57B) that vibrate the light sources (52R, 52G, 52B) and the diffraction gratings (54R, 54G, 54B) relative to each other.)
1. A vehicle lamp is characterized by comprising:
a light source that emits light of a predetermined wavelength;
a light distribution pattern forming optical system including an optical element that changes a traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source, and emitting light of a predetermined light distribution pattern; and
and a vibration applying unit configured to vibrate the light source and the optical element relative to each other.
2. The vehicular lamp according to claim 1,
the vibration applying section vibrates the optical element.
3. The vehicular lamp according to claim 2,
the optical element is a diffraction grating.
4. The vehicular lamp according to claim 2 or 3,
the vibration applying section applies vibration to the optical element in two or more directions.
5. The vehicular lamp according to claim 1,
the vibration applying section vibrates the light source.
6. The vehicular lamp according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
the vibration applying portion is a vibrator.
7. The vehicular lamp according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
the frequency of the vibration applied by the vibration applying part is more than 15 Hz.
8. The vehicular lamp according to claim 1,
further comprises a base for disposing the light source and the optical element,
the vibration applying portion is an elastic body,
the light source or the optical element is disposed on the base via the elastic body.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a vehicle lamp, and more particularly, to a vehicle lamp that can be made compact and can suppress flickering of light.
Background
A vehicle headlamp represented by an automobile headlamp is configured to irradiate at least a low beam for illuminating a front side at night. In order to form a light distribution pattern of the low beam, a shade is used which blocks a part of light emitted from the light source. However, there is a demand for a vehicle headlamp that is compact due to diversification of the design of the vehicle.
Patent document 1 listed below describes a vehicle headlamp capable of forming a light distribution pattern of low beams without using a shade. The vehicle headlamp includes a hologram element and a light source for irradiating the hologram element with reference light. The hologram element is calculated so that a light distribution pattern of low beams is formed by diffracted light regenerated by irradiation of reference light. In this vehicle headlamp, since the light distribution pattern of the low beam is formed by the hologram element, a shade is not required, and the vehicle headlamp can be downsized.
Disclosure of Invention
As the light incident on the hologram element of the vehicle headlamp of patent document 1, for example, a laser beam is cited. However, when a laser beam is irradiated onto an object, there is a concern that light scattered on the irradiated surface may interfere with each other due to the influence of minute irregularities on the irradiated surface, and a speckle pattern, which is a fine speckle pattern causing light flicker, may be generated.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp that can be made compact and that can suppress flickering of light.
In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle lamp according to the present invention includes: a light source that emits light of a predetermined wavelength; a light distribution pattern forming optical system including an optical element that changes a traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source, and emitting light of a predetermined light distribution pattern; and a vibration applying unit configured to vibrate the light source and the optical element relative to each other.
This vehicle lamp can emit light of a predetermined light distribution pattern without using a shade, as in the vehicle headlamp described in patent document 1, and therefore can be made smaller than a vehicle lamp using a shade, as in the vehicle headlamp described in patent document 1. In this vehicle lamp, the light source and the optical element are vibrated by the vibration applying section so as to be opposed to each other, and the optical path from the light source to the light distribution pattern forming optical system is changed in synchronization with the vibration. If the optical path is changed in this way, the incident angle and the phase of light incident from the vehicle lamp to the irradiation object can be changed even at the same position of the irradiation object. By continuously changing the incident angle of the light and the phase of the light, visually continuous overlapping of the light can be generated, and the flicker of the light can be suppressed.
In addition, the vibration applying section preferably vibrates the optical element.
The optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the light generally does not require electric power. Therefore, even if the optical element vibrates, damage such as disconnection can be suppressed from occurring as compared with the case where the light source vibrates. Thus, a decrease in reliability can be suppressed.
In this case, the optical element is preferably a diffraction grating.
Examples of the optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the light include a diffraction grating and a lens. When the diffraction grating vibrates, the light distribution pattern can be prevented from changing due to the vibration.
In addition, the vibration applying portion preferably applies vibration to the optical element in two or more directions.
In this case, as compared with the case where the optical element vibrates only in one direction, overlapping of visually continuous light occurs in a plurality of directions, and flicker of light can be suppressed more effectively.
In addition, the vibration applying section may vibrate the light source.
The vibration applying portion may be a vibrator.
The frequency of the vibration applied by the vibration applying unit is preferably 15Hz or higher.
The temporal resolution of human vision is approximately 30 Hz. In the case of a vehicle lamp, when the frequency of the vibration is about half of the frequency, the flicker of the light can be suppressed. Further, if the frequency of the vibration applied by the vibration applying unit is 30Hz or more, the time resolution of the human vision is substantially exceeded. Therefore, the flicker of the light perceived can be further suppressed. Further, if the frequency is 60Hz or more, it is preferable in terms of further suppressing the flicker of the light.
Further, the vibration applying portion may be an elastic body, and the light source or the optical element may be disposed on the base via the elastic body.
The member disposed via the elastic body vibrates relatively to the member not disposed via the elastic body, under vibration of an engine of the vehicle or vibration during traveling. Therefore, one of the light source and the optical element disposed via the elastic body vibrates relatively to the other of the light source and the optical element not disposed via the elastic body. Therefore, the elastic body serves as a vibration applying portion. In this way, even when an elastic body is used as the vibration applying portion, flickering of light can be suppressed.
As described above, according to the vehicle lamp of the present invention, it is possible to realize a vehicle lamp that can be reduced in size and can suppress flickering of light.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle lamp according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the optical system unit of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a light distribution pattern.
Fig. 4 is a view showing an optical system unit of a vehicle headlamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention, similarly to fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a view showing an optical system unit of a vehicle headlamp according to a third embodiment of the present invention, similarly to fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a view showing an optical system unit of a vehicle headlamp according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, similarly to fig. 2.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a mode of a vehicle lamp for implementing the present invention is exemplified together with attached drawings. The following embodiments are provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention can be modified and improved according to the following embodiments without departing from the gist thereof.
(first embodiment)
Fig. 1 is a view showing an example of the vehicle lamp according to the present embodiment, and is a view schematically showing a cross section in a vertical direction of the vehicle lamp. In the present embodiment, the vehicle lamp is a vehicle headlamp 1, and as shown in fig. 1, the vehicle headlamp 1 of the present embodiment includes a housing 10 and a lamp unit 20 as main components.
The housing 10 mainly includes a lamp housing 11, a front cover 12, and a rear cover 13. The lamp housing 11 has a front opening, and the front cover 12 is fixed to the lamp housing 11 so as to close the opening. An opening smaller than the front is formed in the rear of the lamp housing 11, and the rear cover 13 is fixed to the lamp housing 11 so as to close the opening.
A space formed by the lamp housing 11, the front cover 12 closing the front opening of the lamp housing 11, and the rear cover 13 closing the rear opening of the lamp housing 11 is a lamp chamber R in which the lamp unit 20 is housed.
The lamp unit 20 of the present embodiment includes, as main components, a heat sink 30, a cooling fan 35, a housing 40, and an optical system unit 50. The lamp unit 20 is fixed to the housing 10 by a configuration not shown.
In the present embodiment, the heat sink 30 has a metal bottom plate 31 extending substantially in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of fins 32 are provided integrally with the bottom plate 31 on the lower surface side of the bottom plate 31. The cooling fan 35 is disposed with a gap from the heat sink 32 and fixed to the heat sink 30. The radiator 30 is cooled by an air flow caused by the rotation of the cooling fan 35. Further, the housing 40 is disposed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 31 of the heat sink 30.
The housing 40 of the present embodiment is composed of a base 41 made of metal such as aluminum and a cover 42, for example, and the base 41 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom plate 31 of the heat sink 30. The base 41 is formed in a box shape having an opening from the front to the upper part, the cover 42 is fixed to the base 41 so as to close the opening on the upper part side, and an opening 40H defined by the front end of the base 41 and the front end of the cover 42 is formed in the front part of the housing 40. An optical system unit 50 is disposed in a space inside the housing 40. The inner walls of the base 41 and the cover 42 are preferably made light absorbing by black anodizing or the like. By making the inner walls of the base 41 and the cover 42 light-absorbing, it is possible to suppress light incident on the inner wall of the base 41 from being reflected by accidental reflection, refraction, or the like and being emitted from the opening 40H in an unintended direction.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the optical system unit 50 of the vehicle headlamp 1 shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the optical system unit 50 includes a first light source 52R, a second light source 52G, a third light source 52B, a first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, a second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, a third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B, a first vibration applying portion 57R, a second vibration applying portion 57G, a third vibration applying portion 57B, and a synthesizing optical system 55. In fig. 2, the radiator 30 is not shown for ease of understanding.
The first light source 52R is a laser element that emits a laser beam of a predetermined wavelength, and in the present embodiment, a peak wavelength of output is, for example, a red laser beam of 638 nm. The second light source 52G and the third light source 52B are each a laser element that emits a laser beam of a predetermined wavelength, and in the present embodiment, the second light source 52G emits a green laser beam having a peak wavelength of power of, for example, 515nm, and the third light source 52B emits a blue laser beam having a peak wavelength of power of, for example, 445 nm. The optical system unit 50 includes a circuit board, not shown, fixed to the base 41, and the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B are mounted on the circuit board, respectively, and are supplied with electric power through the circuit board.
In the present embodiment, the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R includes the collimator lens 53R and the diffraction grating 54R. The collimator lens 53R is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R, and is a lens that collimates the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R. The collimator lens 53R is fixed to the base 41 by a configuration not shown. Instead of the collimator lens 53R, a collimator lens for collimating the fast axis direction of the laser beam and a collimator lens for collimating the slow axis direction may be provided separately.
The diffraction grating 54R is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53R, and is a transmission type diffraction grating in the present embodiment. The diffraction grating 54R is supported by the base 41 so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R, by a configuration not shown. The diffraction grating 54R diffracts the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53R to form a predetermined light distribution pattern. The diffraction grating 54R has a diffraction grating pattern in each of the divided areas, and each diffraction grating pattern diffracts the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53R into a predetermined light distribution pattern. That is, the diffraction grating 54R is an aggregate of a plurality of diffraction gratings having the same diffraction grating pattern. The diffraction grating pattern is formed so as to be located at least at one or more positions in the region on which the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53R enters.
The diffraction grating 54R of the present embodiment is described laterThe combining optical system 55 changes the light emitted from each of the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B into a light distribution pattern of the low beam L, and diffracts the laser beam incident from the collimator lens 53R. The light distribution pattern also includes an intensity distribution. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the laser beam emitted from the diffraction grating 54R overlaps the light distribution pattern of the low beam L and has an intensity distribution based on the intensity distribution of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. The diffraction grating 54R preferably diffracts the laser beam incident from the collimator lens 53R so that the outer shape of the light distribution pattern of the laser beam emitted from the diffraction grating 54R matches the outer shape of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. In this way, the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R emits light of the red component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. In the present embodiment, the light of the red component emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R is defined as the first light LR。
In the present embodiment, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G includes a collimator lens 53G and a diffraction grating 54G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B includes a collimator lens 53B and a diffraction grating 54B.
The collimator lens 53G is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G, and is a lens that collimates the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G. The collimator lens 53B is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G, and is a lens that collimates the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B. The collimator lenses 53G and 53B are fixed to the base 41 by a configuration not shown. In place of the collimator lenses 53G and 53B, a collimator lens for collimating the fast axis direction of the laser beam and a collimator lens for collimating the slow axis direction may be provided, respectively, similarly to the collimator lens 53R.
The diffraction grating 54G is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53G, and is a transmission type diffraction grating in the present embodiment. The diffraction grating 54G is supported by the base 41 so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G, by a configuration not shown. The diffraction grating 54B is an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the laser beam emitted from the collimator lens 53B, and is a transmission type diffraction grating in the present embodiment. The diffraction grating 54B is supported by the base 41 so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B, by a configuration not shown. These diffraction gratings 54G and 54B diffract the laser beams emitted from the collimator lenses 53G and 53B, respectively, to form a predetermined light distribution pattern. The diffraction gratings 54G and 54B each have a diffraction grating pattern in each of the plurality of divided areas, and each diffraction grating pattern diffracts the laser beams emitted from the collimator lenses 53G and 53B to form a predetermined light distribution pattern. That is, each of the diffraction gratings 54G and 54B is an aggregate of a plurality of diffraction gratings having the same diffraction grating pattern. The diffraction grating pattern is formed so as to be located at least at one or more positions in the region where the laser beams emitted from the collimator lenses 53G and 53B enter.
The diffraction gratings 54G and 54B of the present embodiment diffract incident laser beams from the collimator lenses 53G and 53B, respectively, so that the light emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B becomes a light distribution pattern of the low beam L in the combining optical system 55. As described above, these light distribution patterns also include intensity distributions. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the laser beams emitted from the diffraction gratings 54G and 54B overlap with the light distribution pattern of the low beam L and have an intensity distribution based on the intensity distribution of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. It is preferable that the diffraction gratings 54G and 54B diffract the laser beams incident from the collimator lenses 53G and 53B so that the outer shape of the light distribution pattern of the laser beams emitted from the diffraction gratings 54R and 54B matches the outer shape of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. Thus, the light of the green component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L is emitted from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the light of the third light distribution pattern forming optical systemThe system 56B emits light of a blue component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L. In the present embodiment, the green component light emitted from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G is defined as the second light LGThe light of the blue component emitted from the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B is set as the third light LB。
The above-described intensity distribution based on the intensity distribution of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L means that the intensity of each of the lights emitted from the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B is high also at the portion of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L having high intensity.
In the present embodiment, the first vibration applying section 57R is an electrically driven vibrator that vibrates the diffraction grating 54R in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R. The second vibration applying portion 57G is an electric vibrator that vibrates the diffraction grating 54G in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G. The third vibration applying portion 57B is an electric vibrator that vibrates the diffraction grating 54B in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B. The first vibration applying portion 57R, the second vibration applying portion 57G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B are fixed to the base 41, respectively. As described above, the circuit boards mounted on the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B are fixed to the base 41. Therefore, the first vibration applying portion 57R vibrates the diffraction grating 54R relative to the first light source 52R, the second vibration applying portion 57G vibrates the diffraction grating 54G relative to the second light source 52G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B vibrates the diffraction grating 54G relative to the third light source 52B. The diffraction grating 54R is disposed on the base 41 via the first vibration applying portion 57R, the diffraction grating 54G is disposed on the base 41 via the second vibration applying portion 57G, and the diffraction grating 54B is disposed on the base 41 via the third vibration applying portion 57B.
The synthesizing optical system 55 has a first optical element 55f and a second optical element 55 s. The first optical element 55f is a light source that emits the first light L emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56RRAnd from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56GThe second emitted light LGA resultant optical element. In the present embodiment, the first optical element 55f makes the first light LRTransmits and reflects the second light LGThereby the first light L is emittedRAnd the second light LGAnd (4) synthesizing. The second optical element 55s is the first light L to be combined by the first optical element 55fRAnd the second light LGAnd the third light L emitted from the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56BBA resultant optical element. In the present embodiment, the second optical element 55s passes the first light L synthesized by the first optical element 55fRAnd the second light LGTransmits and reflects the third light LBThereby the first light L is emittedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBAnd (4) synthesizing. Examples of the first optical element 55f and the second optical element 55s include a wavelength selective filter in which an oxide film is laminated on a glass substrate. By controlling the type and thickness of the oxide film, light having a wavelength longer than a predetermined wavelength can be transmitted and light having a wavelength shorter than the predetermined wavelength can be reflected.
Thus, the first light L is emitted from the combining optical system 55 and combinedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBOf (2) is detected.
Next, the emission of light by the vehicle headlamp 1 will be described.
First, power is supplied from a power source not shown, and laser beams are emitted from the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B, respectively. The first vibration applying unit 57R vibrates the diffraction grating 54R with respect to the first light source 52R, the second vibration applying unit 57G vibrates the diffraction grating 54G with respect to the second light source 52G, and the third vibration applying unit 57B vibrates the diffraction grating 54B with respect to the third light source 52B. As described above, the first light source 52R emits a red laser beam, the second light source 52G emits a green laser beam, and the third light source 52B emits a blue laser beam. The respective laser beams are collimated by the collimator lenses 53R, 53G, and 53B, and then enter the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B. The laser beams incident on the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B are diffracted as described aboveThe gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B diffract the first light L, which is the red component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L, and is emitted from the diffraction grating 54RRSecond light L, which is a green component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L, is emitted from the diffraction grating 54GGThird light L, which is a blue component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L, is emitted from the diffraction grating 54BB. Thus, the first light L is emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56RRAnd emits the second light L from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56GGAnd emits the third light L from the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56BB。
In the combining optical system 55, first, the first light LRAnd the second light LGThe light beams are combined by the first optical element 55f and emitted. The first light L synthesized by the first optical element 55fRAnd the second light LGPassing through the second optical element 55s and the third light LBAnd (4) synthesizing. Thus, the first light L of red colorRGreen second light LGBlue third light LBThe synthesized light becomes white light. In addition, the first light LRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBSince the light distribution patterns of the low beam L are superimposed on each other as described above and have an intensity distribution based on the intensity distribution of the light distribution pattern of the low beam L, the white light combined by these lights has an intensity distribution of the low beam L.
The white light thus combined is emitted from the opening 40H of the housing 40, and the light is emitted from the vehicle headlamp 1 via the front cover 12. Since this light has a light distribution pattern of the low beam L, the irradiated light becomes the low beam L.
However, as described above, since the diffraction grating 54R is vibrated with respect to the first light source 52R by the first vibration applying portion 57R, a portion of the optical path from the first light source 52R to the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, which passes through the diffraction grating 54R, changes in synchronization with the vibration. Further, since the second vibration applying unit 57G vibrates the diffraction grating 54G with respect to the second light source 52G, the portion of the optical path from the second light source 52G to the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G through the diffraction grating 54G is the same as the vibration in the portion that passes through the diffraction grating 54G before being emittedVarying in steps. Further, since the third vibration applying unit 57B vibrates the diffraction grating 54B with respect to the third light source 52B, the portion of the optical path from the third light source 52B to the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B that passes through the diffraction grating 54B changes in synchronization with the vibration. When the optical path is changed in this way, the first light L of the low beam L incident from the vehicle headlamp 1 to the object to be illuminated is formed even at the same position of the object to be illuminated such as the road surfaceRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe angle of incidence and the phase of these lights, respectively, can also be varied synchronously with the vibrations. The first light L is generated by continuously generating the change of the incident angle and the phase of the light, thereby generating the visually continuous first light LRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe respective overlap. Therefore, the first light L scattered on the irradiated surface of the irradiated object can be suppressedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe respective disturbances cause temporal changes, which results in noticeable light spots. Therefore, the first light L can be suppressed from being feltRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe respective flashes. Thus, the feeling of the first light L can be suppressedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe formed low beam L flickers.
In addition, from the viewpoint of suppressing the flicker of the light to be perceived, the frequency of each vibration imparted to the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B by the first vibration imparting unit 57R, the second vibration imparting unit 57G, and the third vibration imparting unit 57B is preferably 15Hz or higher. The temporal resolution of human vision is approximately 30 Hz. In the case of a vehicle lamp, when the frequency of the vibration is about half of the frequency, the flicker of the light can be suppressed. Further, if the frequency of the vibration applied by these vibration applying portions is 30Hz or more, the time resolution of the human vision is substantially exceeded. Therefore, the flicker of the light perceived can be further suppressed. Further, if the frequency is 60Hz or more, it is preferable in terms of further suppressing the flicker of the light. The frequencies of the vibrations applied to the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B by the first vibration applying portion 57R, the second vibration applying portion 57G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B may be different from each other, or may be the same frequency.
The amplitudes of the vibrations imparted to the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B by the first vibration imparting unit 57R, the second vibration imparting unit 57G, and the third vibration imparting unit 57B are set to be larger than the lengths of the regions having the diffraction grating patterns in the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B in the vibration direction, for example, and set to be smaller than the lengths of the aggregation of the plurality of diffraction grating patterns in the vibration direction, that is, to the extent that the laser beams emitted from the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B do not exceed the lengths of the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B. The amplitude may be substantially constant, but preferably varies from the viewpoint of suppressing the sense of flicker of light. By varying the amplitude, the first light L is visually continuous as compared with the case where the amplitude is not variedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe superposition of the first and second lights occurs in a plurality of directions, and the first light L can be prevented from being feltRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe respective flashes. The amplitudes of the vibrations applied to the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B by the first vibration applying portion 57R, the second vibration applying portion 57G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B may be different from each other, or may be the same amplitude.
Fig. 3 is a view showing a light distribution pattern for night illumination, specifically, fig. 3(a) is a view showing a light distribution pattern for low beams, and fig. 3(B) is a view showing a light distribution pattern for high beams. In fig. 3, S denotes a horizontal line, and the light distribution pattern is indicated by a thick line. An area LA1 in the light distribution pattern of the low beam L, which is the light distribution pattern for nighttime lighting shown in fig. 3(a), is an area having the highest intensity, and the intensity decreases in the order of an area LA2 and an area LA 3. That is, the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B diffract the combined light so that the combined light forms a light distribution pattern including the intensity distribution of the low beam L. As indicated by the broken line in fig. 3, light having a lower intensity than the low beam L may be emitted from the vehicle headlamp 1 to a position above the position to which the low beam L is emitted. The light is used as an optical OHS for identification. In this case, it is preferable that the diffracted light emitted from each of the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B include the light OHS for marker recognition. In this case, it can be understood that the low beam L and the marker recognition light OHS form a light distribution pattern for night illumination. Further, the light distribution pattern for night illumination is used not only at night but also in dark places such as tunnels.
As described above, the vehicle headlamp 1 of the present embodiment includes: a first light source 52R, a second light source 52G, and a third light source 52B that emit light of predetermined wavelengths, respectively; a first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R including a collimator lens 53R and a diffraction grating 54R; a second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G including a collimator lens 53G and a diffraction grating 54G; a third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B including a collimator lens 53B and a diffraction grating 54B; a first vibration applying portion 57R, a second vibration applying portion 57G, and a third vibration applying portion 57B. The collimator lens 53R and the diffraction grating 54R are optical elements that change the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the first light source 52R, the collimator lens 53G and the diffraction grating 54G are optical elements that change the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the second light source 52G, and the collimator lens 53B and the diffraction grating 54B are optical elements that change the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the third light source 52B. The first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R emits the first light L of the red component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam LRThe second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G emits the second light L of the green component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam LGThe third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B emits the third light L of the blue component of the light distribution pattern of the low beam LB. That is, the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B emit light of predetermined light distribution patterns, respectively. The first vibration applying portion 57R vibrates the diffraction grating 54R with respect to the first light source 52R, the second vibration applying portion 57G vibrates the diffraction grating 54G with respect to the second light source 52G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B vibrates the diffraction grating 54B with respect to the third light source 52B.
Therefore, the vehicle headlamp 1 of the present embodiment can form a light distribution pattern of the low beam L without using a shadeTherefore, the size can be reduced as compared with a vehicle headlamp using a shade. Further, by vibrating the diffraction grating 54R with respect to the first light source 52R by the first vibration applying portion 57R, the optical path from the first light source 52R to the point before the light is emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R changes in synchronization with the vibration. Further, by vibrating the diffraction grating 54G relative to the second light source 52G by the second vibration applying portion 57G, the optical path from the second light source 52G to the point before the light is emitted from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G changes in synchronization with the vibration. Further, by vibrating the diffraction grating 54B with respect to the third light source 52B by the third vibration applying portion 57B, the optical path from the third light source 52B to the point before being emitted from the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B changes in synchronization with the vibration. As described above, when the optical path is changed in this manner, the first light L of the low beam L incident from the vehicle headlamp 1 to the object to be illuminated is formed even at the same position of the object to be illuminated such as the road surfaceRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe incident angle of (c) and the phase of these lights may also be changed separately. The first light L is generated by continuously generating the change of the incident angle and the phase of the light, thereby generating the visually continuous first light LRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe superposition of the first light L and the second light L can be inhibitedRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe formed low beam L flickers.
In the present embodiment, since the three light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B that emit light of different wavelengths and the three light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, and 56B corresponding to the three light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B, respectively, are provided, light of a desired color can be emitted by adjusting the intensity of light emitted from the respective light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B.
(second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4. The same or equivalent components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof is omitted unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 4 is a view showing an optical system unit of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment, similarly to fig. 2. As shown in fig. 4, the optical system unit 50 of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment is different from the optical system unit 50 of the first embodiment in that it does not include the synthesizing optical system 55, and emits light from the housing 40 without synthesizing the lights emitted from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B. In the present embodiment, the emission direction of light from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B is set to the opening 40H side of the housing 40. In fig. 4, the radiator 30 is not shown for ease of understanding.
In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the diffraction grating 54R of the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, the diffraction grating 54G of the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G, and the diffraction grating 54B of the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B diffract the emitted light so that the emitted light overlaps with the light distribution pattern of the low beam L and becomes an intensity distribution based on the intensity distribution of the light distribution pattern of the low beam. First light L emitted from diffraction grating 54RRAnd second light L emitted from diffraction grating 54GGAnd third light L emitted from diffraction grating 54BBEach of the light beams is emitted from the opening 40H of the housing 40 and is irradiated to the outside of the vehicle headlamp via the front cover 12. At this time, the first light LRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBThe light is irradiated at a focal position away from the vehicle by a predetermined distance so that the regions irradiated with the respective lights overlap each other. The focal position is set to a position 25m away from the vehicle, for example.
In the present embodiment, the first vibration applying section 57R also vibrates the diffraction grating 54R in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R. The second vibration applying portion 57G vibrates the diffraction grating 54G in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G. The third vibration applying portion 57B vibrates the diffraction grating 54B in one direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B.
According to the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment, since the synthesizing optical system 55 of the first embodiment is not used, the vehicle headlamp can have a simple configuration and can suppress flickering of light.
(third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 5. The same or equivalent components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof is omitted unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 5 is a view showing an optical system unit of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment, similarly to fig. 2. As shown in fig. 5, the optical system unit 50 of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment is different from the lamp unit 20 of the first embodiment in that the first vibration applying portion 57R, the second vibration applying portion 57G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B are elastic bodies instead of electric vibrators. In fig. 5, the radiator 30 is not shown for ease of understanding.
In the present embodiment, the diffraction grating 54R is disposed on the base 41 via the first vibration applying portion 57R as an elastic body, the diffraction grating 54G is disposed on the base 41 via the second vibration applying portion 57G as an elastic body, and the diffraction grating 54B is disposed on the base 41 via the third vibration applying portion 57B as an elastic body. Examples of the elastic body include a spring, a rubber, and the like.
The diffraction grating 54R disposed on the base 41 via the first vibration applying portion 57R as an elastic body, the diffraction grating 54G disposed on the base 41 via the second vibration applying portion 57G as an elastic body, and the diffraction grating 54B disposed on the base 41 via the third vibration applying portion 57B as an elastic body vibrate relatively to the member disposed not via the elastic body due to vibration of the engine of the vehicle or vibration during traveling. As described above, the circuit boards mounted on the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B are fixed to the base 41. Therefore, the first vibration applying portion 57R can vibrate the diffraction grating 54R relative to the first light source 52R. The second vibration applying section 57G can vibrate the diffraction grating 54G relative to the second light source 52G. The third vibration applying portion 57B can vibrate the diffraction grating 54B relative to the third light source 52B. In this way, even in the present embodiment using an elastic body as the vibration applying portion, the optical paths from the light sources 52R, 52G, 52B to the light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, 56B before being emitted therefrom are changed in synchronization with the vibrations of the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, 54B, and the light flicker can be suppressed.
(fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 6. The same or equivalent components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description thereof is omitted unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 6 is a view showing an optical system unit of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment, similarly to fig. 2. As shown in fig. 6, the optical system unit 50 of the vehicle headlamp of the present embodiment differs from the lamp unit 20 of the first embodiment in that the first vibration applying portion 57R vibrates the first light source 52R, the second vibration applying portion 57G vibrates the second light source 52G, and the third vibration applying portion 57B vibrates the third light source 52B, and the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B are fixed to the base 41 by a configuration not shown in the drawings. In fig. 6, the radiator 30 is not shown for ease of understanding.
The first light source 52R of the present embodiment is mounted on the circuit board so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R. The second light source 52G is mounted on the circuit board so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G. The third light source 52B is mounted on the circuit board so as to be capable of vibrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B. Such a configuration may be, for example, one in which the terminals of the first light source 52R, the second light source 52G, and the third light source 52B are connected to the circuit board via elastic terminals. In this case, it is preferable that the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the terminals of the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B, and the terminals of the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B and the terminals having elasticity are joined to each other by welding or the like.
In the present embodiment, the first vibration applying section 57R vibrates the first light source 52R relative to the collimator lens 53R and the diffraction grating 54R of the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the first light source 52R. The second vibration applying unit 57G vibrates the second light source 52G in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the second light source 52G with respect to the collimator lens 53G and the diffraction grating 54G of the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G. The third vibration applying unit 57B vibrates the third light source 52B in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the third light source 52B with respect to the collimator lens 53B and the diffraction grating 54B of the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B.
Therefore, the entire optical path from the first light source 52R to the point of emission from the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R changes in synchronization with the vibration. Further, the entire optical path from the second light source 52G to before being emitted from the second light distribution pattern forming optical system 56G changes in synchronization with the vibration. Further, the entire optical path from the third light source 52B to the point of emission from the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B changes in synchronization with the vibration. In this way, even in the present embodiment in which the vibration applying section vibrates the light source with respect to the optical element of the light distribution pattern forming optical system, the flicker of light can be suppressed.
The present invention has been described above by taking the embodiments as examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
For example, in the above embodiment, the low beam L is irradiated to the vehicle headlamp 1 as a vehicle lamp, but the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the vehicle lamp may emit high beam H or light constituting an image. When the vehicle lamp is irradiated with the high beam H, light of a light distribution pattern of the high beam H, which is a light distribution pattern for night illumination shown in fig. 3(B), is irradiated. In the light distribution pattern of the high beam H in fig. 3(B), the region HA1 is the region having the highest intensity, and the region HA2 is the region having a lower intensity than the region HA 1. That is, the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B diffract the combined light so that the combined light forms a light distribution pattern including the intensity distribution of the high beam H. In addition, when the vehicle lamp irradiates light constituting an image, the direction of light emitted from the vehicle lamp and the position where the vehicle lamp is mounted on the vehicle are not particularly limited.
In the above-described embodiment, the optical system unit 50 having the three light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B that emit light beams having different wavelengths from each other, the three light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, and 56B corresponding to the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B, and the three vibration applying portions 57R, 57G, and 57B corresponding to the light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, and 56B has been described as an example. However, the optical system unit may include at least one light source, a light distribution pattern forming optical system corresponding to the light source, and a vibration applying portion corresponding to the light distribution pattern forming optical system.
In the first, second, and third embodiments, the vibration applying portions 57R, 57G, and 57B that vibrate the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B of the light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, and 56B are described as an example, and the vibration applying portions 57R, 57G, and 57B that vibrate the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B are described as an example in the fourth embodiment. However, the vibration applying portion may be configured to relatively vibrate the light source and the optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source of the light distribution pattern forming optical system. For example, in the first, second, and third embodiments, the vibration applying portions 57R, 57G, and 57B may vibrate the collimator lenses 53R, 53G, and 53B with respect to the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B. Further, the vibration applying portion preferably vibrates the optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source of the light distribution pattern forming optical system, compared to the light source. An optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of light generally does not require electric power. Therefore, even if the optical element vibrates, damage such as disconnection can be suppressed more than when the light source vibrates. Thus, a decrease in reliability can be suppressed. Further, the vibration applying section preferably vibrates the diffraction grating in the optical element, and can suppress a change in the light distribution pattern emitted from the light distribution pattern forming optical system due to the vibration.
In the first, second, and fourth embodiments, the direction of the vibration applied by the vibration applying portions 57R, 57G, and 57B is set to be a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the laser beams emitted from the light sources 52R, 52G, and 52B, but is not particularly limited. The direction of the vibration applied by the vibration applying section is preferably a direction not parallel to the traveling direction of the laser beam emitted from the light source, and more preferably two or more directions. By setting the direction of the vibration to two or more directions, overlapping of visually continuous light occurs in a plurality of directions, and flicker of light can be suppressed more than in the case where the direction of the vibration is one direction. As a configuration of the vibration applying portion for applying vibration in two directions, for example, a configuration including two electric vibrators for applying vibration in different directions and frequencies to the diffraction grating is exemplified.
In the above-described embodiment, the transmissive diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B have been described as an example, but the diffraction gratings may be reflective diffraction gratings. In the above-described embodiment, the light distribution pattern forming optical systems 56R, 56G, and 56B including the collimator lenses 53R, 53G, and 53B and the diffraction gratings 54R, 54G, and 54B have been described as an example. However, the light distribution pattern forming optical system may include an optical element that changes the traveling direction of at least a part of the light emitted from the light source, and may emit light of a predetermined light distribution pattern. The light distribution pattern forming optical system may not include the collimator lens, for example, or may include other optical elements such as a condenser lens and a prism together with the collimator lens and the diffraction grating. In the above-described embodiment, the case 40 including the box-shaped base 41 and the cover 42 having the opening formed from the front to the upper portion has been described as an example, but the shapes of the base 41 and the cover 42 constituting the case 40 are not particularly limited. For example, the base 41 and the cover 42 may be formed of a plurality of members.
In the first embodiment, the first optical element 55f makes the first light L pass throughRTransmits and reflects the second light LGSo as to emit the first light LRAnd the second light LGThe second optical element 55s combines the first light L combined by the first optical element 55fRAnd the second light LGTransmits and reflects the third light LBSo as to emit the first light LRThe second light LGAnd the third light LBAnd (4) synthesizing. However, for example, the third light L may be synthesized in the first optical element 55fBAnd the second light LGThe third light L synthesized by the first optical element 55f is combined in the second optical element 55sBAnd the second light LGAnd the first light LRAnd (4) synthesizing. In this case, the positions of the first light source 52R, the first light distribution pattern forming optical system 56R, and the first vibration applying portion 57R, and the positions of the third light source 52B, the third light distribution pattern forming optical system 56B, and the third vibration applying portion 57B according to the first embodiment are switched. In the first embodiment, a band-pass filter that transmits light in a predetermined wavelength band and reflects light in another wavelength band may be used for the first optical element 55f and the second optical element 55 s. The synthesizing optical system 55 is not limited to the configuration of the first embodiment and the above configuration, as long as the lights emitted from the respective light distribution pattern forming optical systems overlap each other.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicular lamp that can be made compact and can suppress flickering of light, and the vehicular lamp can be applied to the field of vehicular lamps such as automobiles.
Description of the reference numerals
1 vehicle headlight (vehicle lamp)
10 frame body
20 luminaire unit
40 outer casing
41 base station
42 cover
50 optical system unit
52R first light source
52G second light source
52B third light source
53R, 53G, 53B collimating lens
54R, 54G, 54B diffraction grating
55 synthetic optical system
55f first optical element
55s second optical element
56R first light distribution pattern forming optical system
56G second light distribution pattern forming optical system
56B third light distribution pattern forming optical system
57R first vibration applying section
57G second vibration applying section
57B third vibration applying section
