No-tillage seeding fertilization closed weeding all-in-one machine
阅读说明:本技术 免耕播种施肥封闭除草一体机 (No-tillage seeding fertilization closed weeding all-in-one machine ) 是由 魏会廷 汤永禄 李俊 张鸿 夏先全 李朝苏 向运佳 杨武云 舒泽刚 于 2020-06-22 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种免耕播种施肥封闭除草一体机,包括拖挂在农用机动车上的机架,机架上设置有播种机构、施肥机构、旋耕机构、地轮机构和用作喷施土壤处理药液的施药机构,施药机构主要由盛装土壤处理药液的药液成品桶、抽送药液成品桶内药液的电动泵、喷施药液的喷嘴排布管组成,施药机构的喷施动作与播种机构/施肥机构的动作相关联。本发明有效地集旋耕、播种、施肥、封闭除草功能于一体,能够将旋耕、播种、施肥、封闭除草等步骤一步完成,无需后续另行喷施土壤处理药液,有利于降低播种农作的劳动强度、并控制播种农作的成本,经济实用;而且,本发明喷施于农田中的土壤处理药液能够形成土表处理与混土处理相结合之效果,除草效果稳定。(The invention discloses a no-tillage seeding, fertilizing and closed weeding integrated machine which comprises a frame which is dragged on an agricultural motor vehicle, wherein a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism, a land wheel mechanism and a pesticide applying mechanism used for spraying soil treatment pesticide liquid are arranged on the frame, the pesticide applying mechanism mainly comprises a pesticide finished product barrel for containing the soil treatment pesticide liquid, an electric pump for pumping the pesticide liquid in the pesticide finished product barrel and a nozzle distributing pipe for spraying the pesticide liquid, and the spraying action of the pesticide applying mechanism is associated with the action of the seeding mechanism/the fertilizing mechanism. The invention effectively integrates the functions of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilizing and closed weeding into a whole, can complete the steps of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilizing, closed weeding and the like in one step, does not need to spray soil treatment liquid medicine subsequently, is beneficial to reducing the labor intensity of seeding farming and controlling the cost of the seeding farming, and is economical and practical; moreover, the soil treatment liquid medicine sprayed in the farmland can form the effect of combining the soil surface treatment and the soil mixing treatment, and the weeding effect is stable.)
1. A no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding integrated machine comprises a rack (1) which is dragged on an agricultural motor vehicle, wherein a seeding mechanism (2), a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism (3) and a land wheel mechanism (4) are arranged on the rack (1); the method is characterized in that: still be provided with on frame (1) and be used as spraying soil to handle the mechanism of giving medicine to the poor free of charge (5) of liquid medicine, mechanism of giving medicine to the poor free of charge (5) mainly comprises liquid medicine finished product bucket (52) of splendid attire soil treatment liquid medicine, pump the electric pump (53) of liquid medicine in liquid medicine finished product bucket (52), the nozzle of spraying liquid medicine arranges cloth pipe (54), the spraying action of mechanism of giving medicine to the poor free of charge (5) with the seed metering action of sowing mechanism (2)/the fertilizer discharging action of fertilizing mechanism is correlated with.
2. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) of the pesticide applying mechanism (5) is arranged on the seed discharging pipe (23) of the seeding mechanism (2) and the rack (1) at the rear side of the fertilizer discharging pipe of the fertilizer applying mechanism.
3. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) of the pesticide applying mechanism (5) is of a hard pipe structure, and a plurality of pesticide applying nozzles (55) are arranged on the bottom side of the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) at intervals along the length direction.
4. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the plurality of pesticide applying nozzles (55) on the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) correspond to the seed discharging pipes (23) of the seeding mechanism (2) arranged at the front side of the frame (1)/the fertilizer discharging pipes of the fertilizer applying mechanism.
5. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the arrangement position of the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) on the frame (1) is provided with a nozzle protection shell (12) with an angle structure, the nozzle protection shell (12) protects the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) from the top side and the front side, and the lower extension of the front side skirt edge of the nozzle protection shell (12) is longer than the outer diameter of the nozzle arrangement pipe (54) with the pesticide application nozzle (55).
6. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pesticide applying mechanism (5) is provided with a liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel (51) for diluting and preparing soil treatment pesticide, and the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel (51) is connected with the liquid medicine finished product barrel (52).
7. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel (51) is fixed at the head of the agricultural motor vehicle through a support, and the liquid medicine finished product barrel (52) is fixed on a traction platform (11) on the rack (1) through a support.
8. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pesticide applying mechanism (5) is provided with a controller (57) for controlling the starting/stopping action of the electric pump (53), the controller (57) acquires a rotating action signal of a seed metering device (22)/a fertilizer distributor of the seeding mechanism (2) through a rotation detection switch (56), and the controller (57) controls the starting/stopping of the electric pump (53) according to the acquired rotating action signal of the seed metering device (22)/the fertilizer distributor of the seeding mechanism (2).
9. The no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding all-in-one machine as claimed in claim 1 or 8, wherein: the electric pump (53) of the dosing mechanism (5) is powered by the battery of the agricultural vehicle.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a no-tillage drill seeder, in particular to a drill seeder integrating rotary tillage, seeding, fertilizing and closed weeding functions.
Background
The no-tillage drill seeder is an agricultural instrument which replaces manual work and completes the steps of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilization and the like in one step, has the technical advantages of high efficiency of operation, standard seeding and the like, and is widely applied to agricultural production.
At present, a common no-tillage drill seeder mainly comprises a frame which is towed on an agricultural motor vehicle (such as a tractor) and a rotary tillage mechanism which is arranged at the front side of the lower part of the frame, a land wheel mechanism which is arranged at the rear side of the lower part of the frame, a seeding mechanism and a fertilizing mechanism which are arranged between the rotary tillage mechanism and the land wheel mechanism, and the like, and only has the functions of rotary tillage, seeding and fertilizing.
The no-tillage seeding reduces the steps of soil tillage and turning, the weed seeds are distributed on the ground surface and are easy to germinate and emerge, and the weed harm is one of the important factors limiting the application of the no-tillage technology. In order to suppress or kill the germinating weeds, it is necessary to spray a soil treatment agent, i.e., a closed herbicide, before and after sowing. Because the no-tillage drill seeder only has the functions of rotary tillage, seeding and fertilization, the weeding procedure needs to be implemented separately and subsequently independently from the no-tillage drill seeding operation, not only increases the labor intensity and the operation cost of farming, but also can be implemented separately and subsequently only by spraying the soil treatment liquid medicine on the soil surface of the farmland before seedling emergence, and the weeding effect is greatly influenced by the water content of the soil, is unstable and is difficult to achieve the ideal effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the crop particularity and the prior art, the drill seeder integrating the functions of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilization and closed weeding is provided.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a no-tillage seeding, fertilizing, sealing and weeding integrated machine comprises a rack which is dragged on an agricultural motor vehicle, wherein a seeding mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a rotary tillage mechanism and a land wheel mechanism are arranged on the rack; the machine frame is also provided with a pesticide applying mechanism used for spraying soil treatment pesticide liquid, the pesticide applying mechanism mainly comprises a pesticide liquid finished product barrel for containing the soil treatment pesticide liquid, an electric pump for pumping the pesticide liquid in the pesticide liquid finished product barrel and a nozzle distributing pipe for spraying the pesticide liquid, and the spraying action of the pesticide applying mechanism is associated with the seed discharging action of the seeding mechanism/the fertilizer discharging action of the fertilizer applying mechanism.
Preferably, the nozzle arrangement pipe of the pesticide applying mechanism is arranged on the frame behind the seed discharging pipe of the seeding mechanism and the fertilizer discharging pipe of the fertilizer applying mechanism.
Preferably, the nozzle arrangement pipe of the pesticide applying mechanism is of a hard pipe structure, and a plurality of pesticide applying nozzles are arranged on the bottom side of the nozzle arrangement pipe at intervals along the length direction. Furthermore, a plurality of pesticide application nozzles on the nozzle arrangement pipe correspond to the seed discharge pipes of the seed sowing mechanism/the fertilizer discharge pipes of the fertilizer application mechanism arranged on the front side of the frame. The nozzle arrangement pipe is characterized in that a nozzle protection shell of an angle structure is arranged at the arrangement position of the nozzle arrangement pipe on the rack, the nozzle protection shell protects the nozzle arrangement pipe from the top side and the front side, and the lower extension length of the front side skirt edge of the nozzle protection shell is larger than the outer diameter of the nozzle arrangement pipe with the pesticide application nozzle.
As one preferable scheme, the pesticide applying mechanism is provided with a liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel used for diluting and preparing the soil treatment pesticide, and the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel is connected with the liquid medicine finished product barrel. Further, the liquid medicine pre-prepared barrel is fixed at the head of the agricultural motor vehicle through a support, and the finished liquid medicine barrel is fixed on a traction platform on the rack through a support.
Preferably, the fertilizer applying mechanism is provided with a controller for controlling the start/stop action of the electric pump, the controller acquires a rotation action signal of a fertilizer distributor of the seed metering device/fertilizer applying mechanism of the seeding mechanism through a rotation detection switch, and the controller controls the start/stop of the electric pump according to the acquired rotation action signal of the fertilizer distributor of the seed metering device/fertilizer applying mechanism of the seeding mechanism.
Preferably, the electric pump of the applicator mechanism is powered by a battery of the agricultural vehicle.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention effectively integrates the pesticide applying mechanism on the basis of the conventional no-tillage drill seeder, thereby integrating the functions of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilizing and closed weeding into a whole, namely, when seeding the farming, the steps of rotary tillage, seeding, fertilizing, closed weeding and the like can be completed in one step without subsequent additional spraying of soil treatment liquid medicine, thus being beneficial to reducing the labor intensity of the seeding farming and controlling the cost of the seeding farming, and being economical and practical; moreover, the soil treatment liquid medicine sprayed in the farmland is partially attached to the soil surface, and the other part of the soil treatment liquid medicine is mixed in the soil, so that the effect of combining the soil surface treatment and the soil mixing treatment is formed, the weeding effect is stable, and the ideal effect can be achieved;
2. the arrangement position of the nozzle arrangement pipe of the pesticide applying mechanism on the rack can effectively ensure the reliable realization of the effect of combining the soil surface treatment and the soil mixing treatment; in addition, the arrangement structure of the nozzle arrangement pipes of the pesticide applying mechanism on the frame effectively corresponds to the front-side drilling structure, can effectively prevent the influence of soil turned up at the front side on each pesticide applying nozzle on the nozzle arrangement pipes, and has stable operation and good weeding effect;
3. the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel of the pesticide applying mechanism is matched with the liquid medicine finished product barrel, so that a large-capacity pesticide carrying process can be formed in a single-time sowing farming process, and the early-stage pesticide dispensing operation at the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel can ensure that relatively sufficient pesticide mixing is formed when the pesticide flows to the liquid medicine finished product barrel, so that the components of the sprayed liquid medicine are homogenized; in addition, the liquid medicine pre-prepared barrel is fixed at the head of the agricultural motor vehicle, and the finished liquid medicine barrel is fixed on a traction platform on a frame of the drilling machine, so that not only is full mixing of the liquid medicine facilitated, but also a counterweight effect can be formed at the head;
4. the spraying action of the pesticide applying mechanism is related to the rotating action of the seeding mechanism/the fertilizer applying mechanism, so that the soil treatment pesticide can be effectively and synchronously sprayed during seeding/fertilizing, the seeding/fertilizing operation time and the operation area basically and effectively correspond to the pesticide spraying time and the operation area, and useless work is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of one construction of the dispensing mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the electric pump of the applicator mechanism of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures mean: 1, a frame; 11-a traction platform; 12-nozzle protection shell; 2, a sowing mechanism; 21-seed box; 22-a seed sowing device; 23-a seed tube; 3, a rotary tillage mechanism; 4-a land wheel mechanism; 5-a drug delivery mechanism; 51-a liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel; 52-a liquid medicine finished product barrel; 53-electric pump; 54-nozzle arrangement pipe; 55-a dispensing nozzle; 56-rotation detection switch; 57-controller.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a no-tillage drill seeder, in particular to a drill seeder integrating no-tillage, seeding, fertilizing and closed weeding functions, and the main technical content of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to the attached drawings of the specification, namely fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3.
It is expressly noted here that the drawings of the present invention are schematic and have been simplified in unnecessary detail for the purpose of clarity and to avoid obscuring the technical solutions that the present invention contributes to the prior art.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present invention comprises a frame 1, a
The frame 1 mainly comprises two side blocks and a
The
The land wheel mechanism 4 mainly comprises a rotating shaft and tooth-shaped wheels arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft. Two ends of a rotating shaft of the land wheel mechanism 4 are arranged on the edge stops at two sides of the bottom of the frame 1 through bearing assemblies and are positioned at the rear side of the
The fertilizer mechanism mainly comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer distributor and a fertilizer distributing pipe. The fertilizer apparatus and the fertilizer pipe are matched with each other in a plurality of groups, and the number of the groups is generally corresponding to the number of the groups of the rotary tillage cutters on the
The
The land wheel mechanism 4 on the frame 1 is directly or indirectly connected with the
The
Specifically, the liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel 51 is used for diluting and preparing soil treatment agent, is fixed at the head of an agricultural motor vehicle through a bracket, and realizes counterweight of the vehicle while dispensing and mixing the medicine.
The number of the finished
The
The
A nozzle
A rotation detection switch 56 (i.e., a zero speed switch) is provided on the rotational structure (i.e., the shaft) of the
The controller 57 functions to collect a detection signal of the rotation detection switch 56 and to control the operation of the
Of course, the rotation detection switch may be provided on the fertilizer apparatus rotation structure of the fertilizer application mechanism to detect the rotation of the fertilizer apparatus.
In addition, the front and rear side arrangement structure of the seeding mechanism and the fertilizing mechanism on the frame can be adjusted according to the seeding crop requirement, namely the front side structure is used as the seeding mechanism for seeding, and the rear side structure is used as the fertilizing mechanism for fertilizing, and vice versa.
The above detailed description is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the specific technical scheme can be modified, or part of technical characteristics can be equivalently replaced (for example, a liquid medicine pre-preparation barrel is omitted, and a liquid medicine finished product barrel is directly adopted for dispensing, or one liquid medicine finished product barrel is adopted); and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its essence.
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