阅读说明：本技术 一种电子设备 (Electronic equipment ) 是由 蔡智宇 王汉阳 李建铭 余冬 于 2020-04-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备,包括：第一解耦件,第一辐射体,第二辐射体,第一馈电单元、第二馈电单元和后盖；其中,所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体之间形成第一缝隙；所述第一辐射体包括第一馈电点,所述第一馈电单元在所述第一馈电点处馈电；所述第二辐射体包括第二馈电点,所述第二馈电单元在所述第二馈电点处馈电；所述第一解耦件与所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体间接耦合连接；所述第一解耦件设置于所述后盖表面。本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以在多天线紧凑排列的配置下,在设计频带内具有高隔离度的特性,也能维持天线良好的辐射效率以及低ECC,达到良好的通信质量。(An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the first decoupling element, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first feed unit, the second feed unit and the rear cover; a first gap is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator; the first radiator comprises a first feeding point, and the first feeding unit feeds power at the first feeding point; the second radiator comprises a second feeding point, and the second feeding unit feeds power at the second feeding point; the first decoupling piece is indirectly coupled with the first radiator and the second radiator; the first decoupling member is disposed on the rear cover surface. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can have the characteristic of high isolation in a designed frequency band under the configuration of compact arrangement of multiple antennas, and can also maintain good radiation efficiency and low ECC of the antennas, thereby achieving good communication quality.)

1. An electronic device, comprising:

the first decoupling element, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first feed unit, the second feed unit and the rear cover;

a first gap is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator;

the first radiator comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding unit feeds power at the first feeding point, and the first radiator does not comprise a grounding point;

the second radiator comprises a second feeding point, the second feeding unit feeds power at the second feeding point, and the second radiator does not comprise a grounding point;

the first decoupling piece is indirectly coupled with the first radiator and the second radiator;

the first decoupling member is arranged on the surface of the rear cover;

the first decoupling piece and the first projection are not overlapped, the first projection is the projection of the first radiating body on the rear cover along a first direction, the first decoupling piece and the second projection are not overlapped, the second projection is the projection of the second radiating body on the rear cover along the first direction, and the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the plane where the rear cover is located.

2. The electronic device of claim 1,

the first feed point is arranged in the central area of the first radiator;

the second feed point is disposed in a central region of the second radiator.

3. The electronic device of claim 1 or 2,

when the first feeding unit feeds power, the second radiator generates a first induced current through the coupling of the first radiator, the second radiator generates a second induced current through the coupling of the first decoupling member, and the first induced current and the second induced current are opposite in direction.

4. The electronic device of claim 1 or 2,

when the second feeding unit feeds power, the first radiator is coupled through the second radiator to generate a third induced current, the first radiator is coupled through the first decoupling member to generate a fourth induced current, and the third induced current and the fourth induced current are opposite in direction.

5. The electronic device of any of claims 1-4, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first decoupling are symmetric along the first slot direction.

6. The electronic device of any of claims 1-5, further comprising:

a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch;

the first parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the first radiator;

the second parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the second radiator.

7. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:

the first radiating body, the second decoupling piece, the third decoupling piece, the fourth decoupling piece, the third feeding unit and the fourth feeding unit;

a second gap is formed between the second radiator and the third radiator, a third gap is formed between the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and a fourth gap is formed between the fourth radiator and the first radiator;

the third radiator comprises a third feeding point, and the third feeding unit feeds power at the third feeding point;

the fourth radiator includes a fourth feeding point at which the fourth feeding unit feeds; the first decoupling element, the second decoupling element, the third decoupling element and the fourth decoupling element are arranged outside an area surrounded by the first projection, the second projection, a third projection and a fourth projection, the third projection is a projection of the third radiator on the rear cover along a first direction, and the fourth projection is a projection of the fourth radiator on the rear cover along the first direction;

the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member and the fourth decoupling member are disposed on a surface of the rear cover.

8. The electronic device of claim 7,

the first feed point is arranged in the central area of the first radiator;

the second feed point is arranged in the central area of the second radiator;

the third feed point is arranged in the central area of the third radiator;

the fourth feeding point is disposed at a central region of the fourth radiator.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator are arranged in a 2 x 2 array or a ring.

10. The electronic device of claim 7, further comprising:

a first and a second neutralizing member;

the first neutralizing part and the second neutralizing part are arranged on the inner side of an area defined by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection and the fourth projection or on the inner side of an area defined by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator;

one end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the first radiating body, and the other end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the third radiating body;

one end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the second radiator, and the other end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the fourth radiator.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, further comprising:

an antenna mount;

the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged on the surface of the antenna support.

12. The electronic device of claim 11,

the first neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the rear cover, and the second neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket;

or the first neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket, and the second neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the rear cover;

or the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the rear cover;

or, the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket.

13. The electronic device of claim 12,

when the first and second neutralizing members are disposed on the rear cover surface;

the first neutralizing member partially overlaps the first projection and the third projection in a first direction;

the second neutralizing member partially overlaps the second projection and the fourth projection in the first direction.

14. The electronic device of any of claims 7-13, wherein the first decoupling member, the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member, and the fourth decoupling member are creased wires.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a length of the first decoupling member is one-half of a wavelength corresponding to a resonance point of resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein a distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is between 3mm and 15 mm.

17. The electronic device of any of claims 1-16, wherein a coupling gap between the decoupler and the first radiator and the second radiator is between 0.1mm and 3 mm.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are the same feeding unit.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly, to an electronic device including a multi-antenna structure.

Background

Because the requirement of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication terminal on the transmission speed is continuously increased, the rapid development of a sub-6GHz multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is accelerated. The sub-6GHz MIMO antenna system can arrange a large number of antennas at a base station end and a terminal, and can perform simultaneous data transmission of a plurality of channels on the same time domain and frequency domain, thereby effectively improving the frequency spectrum efficiency and greatly improving the data transmission speed. And thus has become one of the development focuses of the next generation multi-gigabit (multi-Gbps) communication system. However, because the limited space in the electronic device is small, if the size of the antenna is not small enough, it is difficult to adapt to the design specification of the large screen and narrow frame of the current intelligent electronic device. In addition, in the design of MIMO antennas, when a plurality of antennas operating in the same frequency band are designed together in a terminal device with a limited space, the antennas are too close to each other, so that interference between the antennas is increased, that is, the isolation between the antennas is greatly increased. Moreover, the inter-antenna packet correlation (ECC) may be increased, so that the data transmission speed is reduced. Therefore, the MIMO antenna architecture with low coupling and low ECC becomes a realization means of the MIMO antenna technology for sub-6GHz frequency band communication. In addition to this, different sub-6GHz bands (N77/N78/N79) may be used in different countries. Therefore, how to achieve the MIMO multi-antenna architecture for multiband operation also becomes an important technical research topic.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an electronic device, which may include a multi-antenna structure, and may have a high isolation characteristic in a design frequency band under a configuration of a compact arrangement of multiple antennas, and may also maintain good radiation efficiency and low ECC of the antennas, so as to achieve good communication quality.

In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: the first decoupling element, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first feed unit, the second feed unit and the rear cover; a first gap is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator; the first radiator comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding unit feeds power at the first feeding point, and the first radiator does not comprise a grounding point; the second radiator comprises a second feeding point, the second feeding unit feeds power at the second feeding point, and the second radiator does not comprise a grounding point; the first decoupling piece is indirectly coupled with the first radiator and the second radiator; the first decoupling member is arranged on the surface of the rear cover; the first decoupling piece and the first projection are not overlapped, the first projection is the projection of the first radiating body on the rear cover along a first direction, the first decoupling piece and the second projection are not overlapped, the second projection is the projection of the second radiating body on the rear cover along the first direction, and the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the plane where the rear cover is located.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the multi-antenna is configured in a compact arrangement in a narrow space in the electronic equipment, the neutral line structure can be arranged near the two antennas through the floating metal process, the isolation of the multi-antenna in a design frequency band can be improved, the current coupling among the multi-antenna can be effectively reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the multi-antenna can be further improved. Therefore, the multi-antenna design provided by the embodiment of the application can have the characteristic of high isolation in a design frequency band under the configuration of compact arrangement of multiple antennas, can also maintain good radiation efficiency and low ECC of the antennas, achieves good communication quality, and is suitable for an MIMO system.

It should be understood that the first radiator does not include a ground point or the second radiator does not include a ground point, which can be regarded as the first radiator or the second radiator does not include a ground point, and the ground can be realized by a matching network provided between the feeding point and the feeding unit, so that the size of the radiator can be reduced.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feeding point is disposed in a central region of the first radiator; the second feed point is disposed in a central region of the second radiator.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first feeding point is arranged in the central area of the first radiator; the second feeding point is disposed in a central region of the second radiator, the first antenna formed by the first radiator may be a monopole antenna, and the second antenna formed by the second radiator may be a monopole antenna.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit feeds power, the second radiator couples through the first radiator to generate a first induced current, and the second radiator couples through the first decoupler to generate a second induced current, where the first induced current and the second induced current are opposite in direction.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the directions of induced currents generated by the first radiator and the first decoupling piece on the second radiator are opposite and mutually offset, so that the isolation between the first antenna formed by the first radiator and the second antenna formed by the second radiator is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the second feeding unit feeds power, the first radiator couples through the second radiator to generate a third induced current, and the first radiator couples through the first decoupler to generate a fourth induced current, where the third induced current is opposite to the fourth induced current.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the directions of induced currents generated by the second radiator and the first decoupling piece in the first radiator are opposite and offset with each other, so that the isolation between the first antenna formed by the first radiator and the second antenna formed by the second radiator is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first decoupling member are symmetrical along the first slot direction.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first gap direction can be a direction in which a plane where the gap is located is perpendicular to the first gap. It should be understood that the antenna has a symmetrical structure, and the antenna performance is better.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch; the first parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the first radiator; the second parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the second radiator.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a plurality of parasitic branches can be arranged near the radiator, so that more antenna modes can be excited, and the efficiency bandwidth and the radiation characteristic of the antenna are further improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: the first radiating body, the second decoupling piece, the third decoupling piece, the fourth decoupling piece, the third feeding unit and the fourth feeding unit; a second gap is formed between the second radiator and the third radiator, a third gap is formed between the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and a fourth gap is formed between the fourth radiator and the first radiator; the third radiator comprises a third feeding point, and the third feeding unit feeds power at the third feeding point; the fourth radiator includes a fourth feeding point at which the fourth feeding unit feeds; the first decoupling element, the second decoupling element, the third decoupling element and the fourth decoupling element are arranged outside an area surrounded by the first projection, the second projection, a third projection and a fourth projection, the third projection is a projection of the third radiator on the rear cover along a first direction, and the fourth projection is a projection of the fourth radiator on the rear cover along the first direction; the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member and the fourth decoupling member are disposed on a surface of the rear cover.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the isolation of the adjacent antenna units in the antenna units can be improved through the arrangement of the decoupling pieces, and the requirement of an MIMO system is met. The first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator may not include a ground point, forming an antenna array formed of four monopole elements.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feeding point is disposed in a central region of the first radiator; the second feed point is arranged in the central area of the second radiator; the third feed point is arranged in the central area of the third radiator; the fourth feeding point is disposed at a central region of the fourth radiator.

According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, each antenna unit in the multiple antenna scheme may be an antenna operating in a single frequency band.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator are arranged in a 2 × 2 array or a ring.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, a multi-antenna array can be arranged according to the antenna scheme of the application.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first and a second neutralizing member; the first neutralizing part and the second neutralizing part are arranged on the inner side of an area defined by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection and the fourth projection or on the inner side of an area defined by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator; one end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the first radiating body, and the other end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the third radiating body; one end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the second radiator, and the other end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the fourth radiator.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the isolation of the antenna can be further improved by arranging the neutralizing piece inside the area surrounded by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection and the fourth projection.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the first and second neutralizing elements are disposed on the back cover surface, the first neutralizing element partially overlaps the first and third projections along a first direction; the second neutralizing member partially overlaps the second projection and the fourth projection in the first direction.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the rear cover of the electronic device, the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece can be overlapped with the corresponding radiator part in the vertical direction, so that the isolation of the antenna is further improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: an antenna mount; the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged on the surface of the antenna support.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator may be arranged on an antenna bracket or a PCB of a terminal device according to an actual situation. Alternatively, when the decoupling member is disposed on the outer surface of the rear cover, the first radiator and the second radiator may be disposed on the inner surface of the rear cover.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first neutralizing element is disposed on the rear cover surface, and the second neutralizing element is disposed on the antenna mount surface; or the first neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket, and the second neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the rear cover; or the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the rear cover; or, the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the first neutralizing piece, the second neutralizing piece and the support where the radiator is located can have different coupling pitches. Therefore, if the difference of the coupling pitches is designed to be different, the resonant paths of the first and second neutralizing members can be effectively separated, and the first and second neutralizing members can be disposed at different layers.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first decoupling member, the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member, and the fourth decoupling member are zigzag-shaped.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, in the extension design, if the shape of the original decoupling piece is changed from a linear type to a broken line type, the radiation performance of the antenna structure in the working frequency band can be further improved. Meanwhile, the structural design can improve the design freedom degree of the decoupling piece in a two-dimensional space.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a length of the first decoupling member is one half of a wavelength corresponding to a resonance point of resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the resonance point of the resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator may be a resonance point of the resonance generated by the first antenna, or a resonance point generated by the second antenna, or a central frequency point of a working frequency band of the antenna. It will be appreciated that adjusting the length of the decoupling element can control the degree of isolation between the various feed points of the antenna. In order to meet the index requirements of antennas with different structures, the length of the decoupling piece can be adjusted.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is between 3mm and 15 mm.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is 9.5mm, the antenna performance is better. It is to be understood that modifications may be made to the specific embodiments as required by the actual design or manufacturing process.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a coupling gap between the decoupling member and the first radiator and the second radiator is between 0.1mm and 3 mm.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the coupling gap between the decoupling member and the first radiator and the coupling gap between the decoupling member and the second radiator are 2mm, the antenna performance is better. It is to be understood that modifications may be made to the specific embodiments as required by the actual design or manufacturing process.

In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: the first decoupling element, the first radiator, the second radiator, the first feed unit, the second feed unit and the rear cover; a first gap is formed between the first radiator and the second radiator; the first radiator comprises a first feeding point, and the first feeding unit feeds power at the first feeding point; the second radiator comprises a second feeding point, and the second feeding unit feeds power at the second feeding point; the first decoupling piece is indirectly coupled with the first radiator and the second radiator; the first decoupling member is arranged on the surface of the rear cover; when the first feeding unit feeds power, the second radiator is coupled through the first radiator to generate a first induced current, the second radiator is coupled through the first decoupling element to generate a second induced current, and the first induced current and the second induced current are opposite in direction; when the second feeding unit feeds power, the first radiator is coupled through the second radiator to generate a third induced current, the first radiator is coupled through the first decoupling member to generate a fourth induced current, and the third induced current and the fourth induced current are opposite in direction.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first feeding point is disposed in a central region of the first radiator; the second feed point is disposed in a central region of the second radiator.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first decoupling member are symmetrical along the first slot direction.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first parasitic branch and a second parasitic branch; the first parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the first radiator; the second parasitic branch is arranged on one side of the second radiator.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: the first radiating body, the second decoupling piece, the third decoupling piece, the fourth decoupling piece, the third feeding unit and the fourth feeding unit; a second gap is formed between the second radiator and the third radiator, a third gap is formed between the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and a fourth gap is formed between the fourth radiator and the first radiator; the third radiator comprises a third feeding point, and the third feeding unit feeds power at the third feeding point; the fourth radiator includes a fourth feeding point at which the fourth feeding unit feeds; the first decoupling element, the second decoupling element, the third decoupling element and the fourth decoupling element are arranged outside an area surrounded by the first projection, the second projection, a third projection and a fourth projection, the third projection is a projection of the third radiator on the rear cover along a first direction, and the fourth projection is a projection of the fourth radiator on the rear cover along the first direction; the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member and the fourth decoupling member are disposed on a surface of the rear cover.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first feeding point is disposed in a central region of the first radiator; the second feed point is arranged in the central area of the second radiator; the third feed point is arranged in the central area of the third radiator; the fourth feeding point is disposed at a central region of the fourth radiator.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged in a 2 × 2 array or a ring.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: a first and a second neutralizing member; the first neutralizing part and the second neutralizing part are arranged on the inner side of an area defined by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection and the fourth projection or on the inner side of an area defined by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator; one end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the first radiating body, and the other end of the first neutralizing piece is close to the third radiating body; one end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the second radiator, and the other end of the second neutralizing piece is close to the fourth radiator.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, when the first and second neutralizing elements are disposed on the rear cover surface, the first neutralizing element partially overlaps the first and third projections along a first direction; the second neutralizing member partially overlaps the second projection and the fourth projection in the first direction.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: an antenna mount; the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are arranged on the surface of the antenna support.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first neutralizing element is disposed on the rear cover surface, and the second neutralizing element is disposed on the antenna mount surface; or the first neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket, and the second neutralizing piece is arranged on the surface of the rear cover; or the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the rear cover; or, the first neutralizing piece and the second neutralizing piece are arranged on the surface of the antenna bracket.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first decoupling member, the second decoupling member, the third decoupling member, and the fourth decoupling member are zigzag-shaped.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the length of the first decoupling member is one half of a wavelength corresponding to a resonance point of resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, a distance between the first radiator and the second radiator is between 3mm and 15 mm.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, a coupling gap between the decoupling and the first and second radiators is between 0.1mm and 3 mm.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are the same feeding unit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a top view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a top view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of S parameters of different antenna structures according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 11 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram when the first feeding unit feeds power.

Fig. 13 is a current distribution diagram when the second feeding unit feeds power.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a result of S-parameter simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14.

Fig. 17 shows the ECC simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14 at 3.4GHz-3.6 GHz.

FIG. 18 shows the results of ECC simulation for the antenna structure shown in FIG. 14 at 4.4GHz-5 GHz.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a matching network according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding scheme of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 25 is a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 27 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of current distribution when the first power feeding unit feeds power according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an array formed by antennas according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 30 is a result of S-parameter simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29.

Fig. 31 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29.

Fig. 32 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29.

Fig. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 36 is a result of S-parameter simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35.

Fig. 37 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35.

Fig. 38 is an ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35.

Fig. 39 is a schematic structural diagram of another array of antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 40 is a schematic structural diagram of another array of antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 41 is a schematic structural diagram of another array of antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The electronic device in the embodiment of the application can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an intelligent bracelet, an intelligent watch, an intelligent helmet, intelligent glasses and the like. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a terminal device in a 5G network, or a terminal device in a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) for future evolution, and the like, which are not limited in this embodiment.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and here, the electronic device is taken as a mobile phone for explanation.

As shown in fig. 1, the electronic device has a cubic shape, and may include a frame 10 and a display screen 20, where the frame 10 and the display screen 20 may be mounted on a middle frame (not shown in the figure), the frame 10 may be divided into an upper frame, a lower frame, a left frame, and a right frame, and the frames are connected to each other, and a certain arc or chamfer may be formed at the connection point.

The electronic device further includes a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) disposed inside, and electronic components may be disposed on the PCB and include, but are not limited to, a capacitor, an inductor, a resistor, a processor, a camera, a flash, a microphone, a battery, and the like.

The frame 10 may be a metal frame, such as a metal frame made of copper, magnesium alloy, stainless steel, etc., a plastic frame, a glass frame, a ceramic frame, etc., or a frame made of metal and plastic.

As users demand ever-increasing data transmission rates, the ability of MIMO multiple antenna systems to transmit and receive simultaneously is of increasing interest. It follows that the operation of MIMO multi-antenna systems is becoming a future trend. However, how to implement a MIMO multi-antenna system in a space-limited electronic device is a technical challenge that is not easy to overcome to achieve good antenna radiation efficiency of each antenna. Because the antennas operating in the same frequency band are designed in the same limited space, the antennas are too close to each other, and the interference between the antennas is increased, that is, the isolation between the antennas is greatly improved. Furthermore, the ECC between the multiple antennas may be improved, which may result in the antenna radiation characteristics being degraded. Therefore, a reduction in data transmission rate is caused, and technical difficulties in the design of multi-antenna integration are increased.

As shown in fig. 2, some prior art documents have proposed adding an isolation element (e.g., a protruded ground plane, a short-circuit metal element, a spiral slot) between the dual antennas, and designing the size of the isolation element to be close to the resonant frequency of the frequency band of the dual antennas with improved isolation, so as to reduce the current coupling between the antennas. But this design reduces the radiation efficiency of the antenna while reducing the galvanic coupling between the antennas. In addition, the use of the isolation component requires a certain space for configuration, which also increases the design size of the whole antenna structure. In addition, the isolation between the two antennas is improved by using a specific ground plane shape, usually, an L-shaped groove structure is cut on the ground plane of the two antennas, which can reduce the current coupling of the two antennas, but the area occupied by the groove structure is large, which is easy to affect the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of other antennas, such a design may cause additional coupling current to be excited, and further cause the packet correlation coefficient between adjacent antennas to increase. In the above technologies for improving the isolation of the dual antenna, the isolation component needs a certain space for configuration, and the overall design size of the antenna is increased, so that the requirement of the electronic device that the multi-antenna design needs to have high efficiency and miniaturization cannot be met.

The embodiment of the application provides a technical scheme of multiple antennas, when the multiple antennas are configured in a compact arrangement in a narrow space in an electronic device, a neutral line structure can be arranged near the antennas through a floating metal (FLM) process, so that the isolation of the antennas in a designed frequency band can be improved, the current coupling among the multiple antennas is effectively reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the multiple antennas is further improved. Therefore, the multi-antenna design provided by the embodiment of the application can have the characteristic of high isolation in a design frequency band under the configuration of compact arrangement of the antennas, and can also maintain good radiation efficiency and low ECC of the antennas, thereby achieving good communication quality.

Fig. 3 to fig. 6 are schematic diagrams of structures of antennas provided in embodiments of the present application, where the antennas may be applied to electronic devices. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, fig. 4 is a top view of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, fig. 5 is a side view of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 3, the antenna may include a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, and a first decoupling member 130.

A first slot 141 is formed between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. The first radiator 110 may include a first feeding point 111, and may be disposed on a surface of the first radiator. The first radiator 110 may be electrically connected to the first feeding unit 201 at the first feeding point 111, and the first feeding unit 201 provides energy to the antenna to form a first antenna. The second radiator 120 may include a second feeding point 121, and may be disposed on the second radiator surface. The second radiator 120 may be electrically connected to the second feeding unit 202 at the second feeding point 122, and the second feeding unit 202 provides energy to the antenna to form a second antenna. It should be understood that the first radiator 110 may not include a ground point or the second radiator 110 may not include a ground point, and the ground may be implemented by a matching network provided between the feeding point and the feeding unit, so that the radiator size may be reduced. In this case, the first antenna and the second antenna may be monopole antennas, and the generated resonance is a common-mode (CM) mode.

The first decoupling element 130 is indirectly coupled to the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. It is to be understood that indirect coupling is a concept opposite to direct coupling, i.e. space coupling, without a direct electrical connection between the two.

Alternatively, the first feeding unit 201 and the second feeding unit 202 may be the same feeding unit, for example, may be power supply chips in the electronic device.

Alternatively, the first feeding point 111 may be disposed at the central region 112 of the first radiator. It is understood that the central region 112 of the first radiator 110 may be an area around the geometric center of the first radiator 110, so that the first antenna may generate a single resonance.

Alternatively, the second feeding point 121 may be disposed at the central region 122 of the second radiator. It is understood that the central region 122 of the second radiator 120 may be a region around the geometric center of the second radiator 120, so that the second antenna may generate a single resonance.

Alternatively, the first radiator 110 may be grounded at the first feeding point 111 through a matching network, and the length of the first radiator 110 may be shortened from one half of the operating wavelength to one quarter of the operating wavelength after the grounding.

Alternatively, the second radiator 120 may be grounded at the second feeding point 121 through a matching network, and the length of the second radiator 120 may be shortened from one half of the operating wavelength to one quarter of the operating wavelength after the grounding.

Alternatively, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, and the first decoupling member 130 may be symmetrical along the first slot 141. The first slit 141 direction may refer to a direction in which a plane in which the first slit 141 is located is perpendicular to the first slit. It should be understood that the antenna has a symmetrical structure, and the antenna performance is better.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a first decoupling member 130 may be disposed on a surface of the rear cover 13 of the electronic device to improve isolation between the first antenna formed by the first radiator 110 and the second antenna formed by the second radiator 120.

The first decoupling element 130 and the first projection are not overlapped, the first projection is a projection of the first radiator 110 on the rear cover 13 along a first direction, the first decoupling element 130 and the second projection are not overlapped, the second projection is a projection of the second radiator 120 on the rear cover 13 along the first direction, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to a plane where the rear cover 13 is located. It should be understood that perpendicular to the plane of the rear cover 13 may be understood as being about 90 from the plane of the rear cover 13. It should be understood that being perpendicular to the plane of the back cover is also equivalent to being perpendicular to the plane of the screen, center frame or main board of the electronic device.

Alternatively, the rear cover 13 of the electronic device may be made of a non-metallic material such as glass, ceramic, or the like.

Alternatively, the length of the first decoupling member 130 may be one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator. It should be understood that the resonance point of the resonance generated by the first radiator or the second radiator may refer to the resonance point of the resonance generated by the first antenna, or the resonance point generated by the second antenna, or may also be the central frequency point of the operating frequency band of the antenna. The length of first decoupling member 130 may be 48mm when the antenna is operating in the N78 frequency band (3.3GHz-3.8 GHz).

It should be appreciated that adjusting the length of first decoupling element 130 may control the degree of isolation between the various feed points of the antenna. The length of first decoupling element 130 may be adjusted to meet the specifications of antennas of different configurations.

Alternatively, the distance D1 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be 9mm, 9.5mm, or 10 mm. For convenience of distance, the embodiment of the present application is described in the case that the distance D1 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is 9.5mm, that is, the width of the first slot is 9.5 mm. The coupling gap D2 between the first decoupling member 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction may be 2 mm. Width D3 of first decoupling member 130 may be 3 mm. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific values of the distance D1, the coupling gap D2, or the width D3, and may be adjusted according to actual design or manufacturing requirements.

It is understood that the width D1 of the slot may be the linear distance between the closest point of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120. The coupling gap D2 between the decoupler 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction may be considered as the straight line distance of the decoupler 130 from the closest point between the first radiator 110 or the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction.

Alternatively, the distance D1 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be between 3mm and 15mm, that is, the width D1 of the first slot may be between 3mm and 10 mm.

Alternatively, the coupling gap D2 between the first decoupling member 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction may be between 0.1mm and 3 mm.

Optionally, adjusting the coupling gap D2 between the first decoupling element 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction can effectively control the position of the isolation high point of the antenna in the designed frequency band. Adjusting the width D3 of first decoupling element 130 also controls the frequency raising and lowering position of the antenna at the high isolation point in the designed frequency band. Moreover, the adjusting mode has little influence on the radiation mode of the antenna in the frequency band, and relevant adjustment can be carried out according to the setting requirement.

Optionally, the antenna may further include an antenna support 150, and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be disposed on a surface of the antenna support.

It is understood that the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be disposed on the surface of the PCB of the electronic device, and the first decoupling member 130 may be disposed on the antenna mount or the rear cover of the electronic device.

Alternatively, the antenna mount 150 may be disposed between the PCB14 of the electronic device and the rear cover 13. The surface of the PCB14 near the antenna mount may be provided with a shielding can 15, and the shielding can 15 may be used to protect the electronic components on the PCB14 from the external electromagnetic environment. The first decoupling member 130 may be disposed on a surface of the rear cover 13 adjacent to the antenna holder 160, a distance H1 between the PCB14 and the antenna holder 150 may be 3.0mm, a distance H2 between the antenna holder 160 and the rear cover 13 may be 0.3mm, and a thickness of the rear cover 13 may be 0.8 mm.

It should be understood that when the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed in a compact arrangement in a narrow space of the electronic device, the first decoupling element is coupled to the radiating portions of the two antennas, so that the isolation between the two antennas in the designed frequency band can be improved, the current coupling between the two antennas can be effectively reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the two antennas can be further improved. The design mode that the first decoupling part is connected to the double-antenna radiator through coupling is different from the design mode that the first decoupling part is directly connected to the double-antenna radiator or arranged between the radiators in the traditional technology.

As shown in fig. 6, the antenna may further include: the first metal dome 113 and the second metal dome 123.

One end of the first metal elastic sheet 113 is electrically connected to the first feeding unit 201, and the other end of the first metal elastic sheet is coupled to the first radiator 110 at the first feeding point, that is, the first feeding unit 201 feeds the first radiator 110 at the first feeding point in a coupling manner. One end of the second metal elastic sheet 123 is electrically connected to the second feeding unit 202, and the other end of the second metal elastic sheet is coupled to the second radiator 120 at the second feeding point, that is, the second feeding unit 202 feeds the second radiator 120 at the second feeding point in a coupling manner. At this time, the first antenna formed by the first radiator 110 is a coupled monopole antenna. The second antenna formed by the second radiator 120 is a coupled monopole antenna.

Alternatively, the coupling connection may be a direct coupling connection or an indirect coupling connection.

It is to be understood that metal patches may also be designed on the PCB of the electronic device for realizing coupled feeding or grounding structures in the antenna structure. After the metal patch is arranged on the PCB, the distance between the metal patch and the radiator is increased, so that the coupling area can be correspondingly increased, and the same effect can be realized. The present application is not limited to the manner in which the feeds or grounds are coupled.

Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of S parameters of different antenna structures according to an embodiment of the present application. The left side is a simulation result diagram of the antenna structure without the first decoupling piece, and the right side is a simulation result diagram of the antenna structure with the first decoupling piece.

In the antenna structure shown in fig. 6, the first antenna and the second antenna are both coupled monopole antennas. When the antenna structure is not provided with the first decoupling element and the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is 9.5mm, the near-field current coupling between the two antennas is high, so that the isolation of the first antenna and the second antenna in the common operation frequency band is poor, as shown in the left simulation diagram of fig. 7, and the result is expected to be difficult to apply to the MIMO multi-antenna system. After the first decoupling member is added to the antenna structure, when the distance between the first antenna and the second antenna is also 9.5mm and the first decoupling member is coupled, the surface current of the ground portion of the electronic device can be bound to the first decoupling member due to the coupling gap between the radiator and the first decoupling member. That is to say, the technical solution of the present application can cancel the current coupled from the first feeding point of the first antenna to the second feeding point of the second antenna, thereby improving the near field isolation between the two antennas and improving the efficiency performance of the dual antenna, as shown in the right simulation diagram of fig. 7.

It should be understood that adjusting the width D3 of the first decoupling element can effectively control the isolation high point position of the dual antenna in the designed frequency band, and has little influence on the mode of the dual antenna.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 8, first decoupling element 130 may be a zigzag line, and for convenience of illustration, the following embodiments exemplify the first decoupling element as a C-shaped element, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the shape of first decoupling element 130.

Alternatively, the distance D1 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be 9.5mm, i.e., the width of the first slot is 9.5 mm. The coupling gap D2 between the first decoupling member 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction may be 2 mm. Width D3 of first decoupling member 130 may be 3 mm. The lengths of the sides L1, L2, and L3 of the C-shaped first decoupling member 130 may be 27mm, 7mm, and 5mm, respectively, and the length of the first decoupling member 130 may be one-half of the operating wavelength.

It will be appreciated that the C-shaped first decoupler design has a decoupling efficiency similar to that of the straight first decoupler shown in fig. 3. Therefore, the first decoupling element 130 coupled between the first antenna and the second antenna can be regarded as a decoupling structure in the antenna structure, so that the antenna has a low coupling characteristic.

Fig. 9 to 11 are schematic diagrams of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 9 shows a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8. Fig. 11 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8.

As shown in fig. 9, the operating frequency band of the antenna may cover N78 frequency band (3.3GHz-3.8GHz) in 5G, and the isolation of the antenna is greater than 16dB in the operating frequency band. As shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11, the system efficiency of the antenna in the operating band can be approximately satisfied with-3 dB and the ECC is less than 0.15 in the operating band, which is suitable for the MIMO system.

It should be understood that, in the extension design, if the original shape of the first decoupling element is changed from a straight line shape to a broken line shape, the radiation performance of the antenna structure in the operating frequency band can be further improved. Meanwhile, the structural design can improve the design freedom degree of the first decoupling piece in a two-dimensional space.

According to simulation results, no matter the linear or C-shaped first decoupling piece is adopted for antenna decoupling, the isolation degree in a frequency band can be improved, and the antenna decoupling structure is provided with an isolation degree high point. And because two open ends of the C-shaped first decoupling piece are far away from the first radiator and the second radiator of the antenna, the impedance matching of the antenna in the working frequency band is better. Therefore, the radiation efficiency of the antenna in the working frequency band is high.

Fig. 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams of current distributions provided by embodiments of the present application. Fig. 12 is a current distribution diagram when the first power feeding unit feeds power, and fig. 13 is a current distribution diagram when the second power feeding unit feeds power.

If the first decoupling element 130 is not added to the antenna structure, when the first feeding unit feeds power, a stronger ground plane surface current will be guided to the second radiator 120 when the first antenna is excited. That is, there is strong current coupling between the first feeding point and the second feeding point, so that the isolation characteristic between the first antenna and the second antenna is deteriorated. On the other hand, if first decoupling element 130 is incorporated into the antenna structure, a strong surface current will be bound to first decoupling element 130, as shown in fig. 12. In addition, the second radiator 120 has less surface current, which effectively reduces the current coupling between the first feeding point and the second feeding point, so that the first antenna and the second antenna have good near-field isolation characteristics. In addition, when the antenna structure is not provided with the first decoupling element 130, the current directions of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are symmetrical. When the first decoupling element 130 is added to the antenna structure, the current directions of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are partially asymmetric, so as to cancel the current coupled from the first feeding point of the first antenna to the second feeding point of the second antenna, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna. It should be understood that the current generated on the surface of the second radiator 120 and having a symmetrical direction to the current direction of the first radiator 110 is a first induced current generated by the first radiator 110 coupled to the second radiator 120. The current generated on the surface of the second radiator 120 and having a direction asymmetrical to the current direction of the first radiator 110 is a second induced current coupled from the first decoupling element 130 to the second radiator 120. The induced currents generated by the first radiator 110 and the first decoupling element 130 in the second radiator 120 are opposite in direction and cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

As shown in fig. 13, when the feeding unit is fed at the second feeding point and the second antenna is excited, there is a similar situation in observing the surface current, so that the first antenna and the second antenna also have good near-field isolation characteristics. Therefore, the first antenna and the second antenna are coupled and connected with the first decoupling element 130, which can be regarded as a decoupling structure in the antenna structure, so that the antenna has a low coupling characteristic. It should be understood that the current generated on the surface of the first radiator 110 and the current generated on the surface of the second radiator 120 are currents having a symmetrical direction, and are third induced currents coupled to the first radiator 110 by the second radiator 120. The current generated on the surface of the first radiator 110 and having a direction asymmetrical to the current direction of the second radiator 120 is a fourth induced current coupled from the decoupler 130 to the first radiator 110. The induced currents generated by the second radiator 120 and the decoupling element 130 in the first radiator 110 are opposite in direction and cancel each other out, thereby improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 8, the feeding point may be disposed in the central region of the radiator, so that the resonance generated by the antenna is a CM mode, and the operating frequency band of the antenna is only a single frequency band. As shown in fig. 14, in another antenna structure provided in the present application, a feeding point may be disposed in a region offset from a central region of a radiator, so that resonances generated by the antenna are a CM mode and a differential-mode (DM) mode, that is, two resonances may be generated on a single radiator, so that an operating frequency band of the antenna is a dual-band.

Alternatively, the distance D1 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 may be 5mm, i.e., the width of the first slot is 5 mm. The coupling gap D2 between the first decoupling member 130 and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the horizontal direction may be 1.5 mm.

Fig. 15 to 18 are schematic diagrams of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14.

Fig. 15 shows a simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14. Fig. 17 is an ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14 at 3.4GHz-3.6GHz, and fig. 18 is an ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 14 at 4.4GHz-5 GHz.

As shown in fig. 15, the working frequency band of the antenna can cover 3.4GHz-3.6GHz and 4.4GHz-5GHz in 5G, and the isolation of the antenna is greater than 13dB in the working frequency band. As shown in fig. 16 to 18, the system efficiency of the antenna in the 3.4GHz-3.6GHz band can substantially satisfy-5 dB, the system efficiency in the 4.4GHz-5GHz band can substantially satisfy-3.5 dB, and the ECC is less than 0.1 in both the dual bands, which is suitable for the MIMO system.

It should be understood that, in the technical solution provided in the present application, when two single-frequency or dual-frequency antennas are close to each other, a decoupling element may be coupled between the two antennas, and the decoupling element may be regarded as a decoupling structure built in the dual antennas, which may greatly improve isolation in an operating frequency band, thereby improving antenna efficiency and achieving good antenna performance.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application.

It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to a case where the radiator includes the ground point.

As shown in fig. 19, the first radiator 110 may include a first grounding point 113, and the first grounding point 113 may be disposed between the first feeding point 111 and an end of the first radiator 110 away from the first slot. The second radiator 120 may include a second ground point 123, and the second ground point 123 may be disposed between the second feeding point 121 and an end of the second radiator 120 away from the first slot.

It is to be understood that a ground point is provided between the feed point on the radiator and the end away from the slot, and when the radiator is grounded at the ground point, two resonances generated by the CM mode and the DM mode on the same radiator can be brought close. Therefore, the working bandwidth of the antenna at a single frequency point can be expanded, and the broadband antenna is realized.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of a matching network according to an embodiment of the present application.

Alternatively, a matching network may be provided at the first feeding point 111 of the first radiator. In the embodiments provided in the present application, the first feeding point is taken as an example for descriptive explanation, and a matching network may also be disposed at the second feeding point of the second radiator

Matching between the antenna and the feeding unit is added at each feeding point, so that currents of other frequency bands of the feeding points can be restrained, and the overall performance of the antenna is improved.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 20, the first feeding network may comprise a first capacitor connected in series and a second capacitor connected in parallel, and the capacitance values thereof may be 1pF and 0.5pF in turn. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to a specific form of the matching network, and may be a series capacitor shunt inductor.

Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding scheme of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 21, a feeding unit of the electronic device may be disposed on the PCB14 and electrically connected to the first feeding point of the first radiator or the second feeding point of the second radiator through the elastic sheet 201.

Alternatively, the first radiator and the second radiator may be disposed on the antenna bracket 150 and electrically connected to the feeding unit on the PCB14 through the elastic sheet 201. The elastic piece 201 may be any one of the first metal elastic piece and the second metal elastic piece in the above embodiments.

It should be understood that the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application may also be applied to a grounding structure of an antenna, where the antenna is connected to a floor through a spring, and in an electronic device, the floor may be a middle frame or a PCB. The PCB is formed by laminating a plurality of dielectric plates, and a metal coating layer exists in the plurality of dielectric plates and can be used as a reference ground of the antenna.

Fig. 22 and 23 are schematic structural diagrams of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 22, the antenna may further include a first parasitic stub 210 and a second parasitic stub 220. The first parasitic branch 210 may be disposed at one side of the first radiator 110, and may couple to feed through the first radiator 120. The second parasitic branch 220 may be disposed at one side of the second radiator 120, and may be coupled to the feed through the second radiator 120.

Alternatively, the first feeding point may be disposed at a central region of the first radiator, and the second feeding point may be disposed at a central region of the second radiator. At this time, the first antenna formed of the first radiator and the second antenna formed of the second radiator may resonate by the CM mode.

Alternatively, the feeding unit may be fed by indirect coupling or direct coupling.

Alternatively, the first parasitic branch 210 may be disposed on the antenna stand, the back cover of the electronic device, or the PCB of the electronic device.

Alternatively, the second parasitic stub 220 may be disposed on the antenna stand, the back cover of the electronic device, or the PCB of the electronic device.

Alternatively, the length of the first parasitic stub 210 may be one-half of the operating wavelength.

Alternatively, the length of the second parasitic stub 220 may be one-half of the operating wavelength.

Optionally, one end of the first parasitic branch 210 may be grounded, and after being grounded, the length of the first parasitic branch may be shortened to a quarter of the operating wavelength.

Alternatively, one end of the second parasitic branch 220 may be grounded, and after being grounded, the length thereof may be shortened to a quarter of the operating wavelength.

As shown in fig. 23, the first feeding point may be disposed at an end of the first radiator close to the first slot, and the second feeding point may be disposed at an end of the second radiator close to the first slot. At this time, the first antenna formed of the first radiator and the second antenna formed of the second radiator may resonate by the DM mode.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-element array formed by antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 24, the antenna may include: first radiator 110, second radiator 120, third radiator 310, fourth radiator 320, first decoupling device 130, second decoupling device 410, third decoupling device 420, and fourth decoupling device 430.

A first gap 141 is formed between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, a second gap 142 is formed between the second radiator 120 and the third radiator 310, a third gap 143 is formed between the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320, and a fourth gap 144 is formed between the fourth radiator 320 and the first radiator 110.

The first decoupling element 130, the second decoupling element 410, the third decoupling element 420 and the fourth decoupling element 430 are arranged outside an area enclosed by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection and the fourth projection. The third projection is a projection of the third radiator on the rear cover along the first direction, and the fourth projection is a projection of the fourth radiator on the rear cover along the first direction. It should be understood that first decoupling member 130, second decoupling member 410, third decoupling member 420, and fourth decoupling member 430 do not overlap the first projection, the second projection, the third projection, and the fourth projection.

Alternatively, the first radiator may include a first feeding point, may be disposed in a central region of the first radiator, and the first feeding unit may feed at the first feeding point.

Alternatively, the second radiator may include a second feeding point, and may be disposed at a central region of the second radiator, and the second feeding unit may feed at the second feeding point.

Alternatively, the third radiator may include a third feeding point, may be disposed at a central region of the third radiator, and the third feeding unit may feed at the third feeding point.

Alternatively, the fourth radiator may include a fourth feeding point, may be disposed at a central region of the fourth radiator, and the fourth feeding unit may feed at the fourth feeding point.

It should be understood that the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320 may not include grounding points, so that four monopole antennas are formed to form an antenna array, which meets the requirement of the MIMO system. Alternatively, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310, and the fourth radiator 320 may be provided with a matching network at the feeding point, and the ground may be connected through the matching network. If the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310, and the fourth radiator 320 are provided with physical grounding points, the current distribution is relatively scattered when the antenna array works, and the requirement of the MIMO system cannot be satisfied.

It should be understood that each feeding point may also be disposed in a region offset from the central region on the corresponding radiator, so that the antenna array may operate in two frequency bands.

Alternatively, the first direction may be a direction perpendicular to the first decoupling member 130, the first radiator 110, or the second radiator 120. The second direction may be a direction perpendicular to the second decoupling member 410, the second radiator 120, or the third radiator 310. The third direction may be a direction perpendicular to the third decoupling member 420, the third radiator 310 or the fourth radiator 320. The fourth direction may be a direction perpendicular to the fourth decoupling member 430, the fourth radiator 320 or the first radiator 110.

It should be understood that vertical may mean approximately 90 ° from the first radiator 110 or the second radiator in the plane of the first radiator 110.

Alternatively, the first decoupling member 130, the second decoupling member 410, the third decoupling member 420, and the fourth decoupling member 430 may be disposed on a rear cover surface of the electronic device.

Alternatively, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320 may be disposed on the surface of the PCB of the antenna mount or the electronic device.

Alternatively, the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320 may be arranged in a 2 × 2 array.

Alternatively, the distance between the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320 may be 9.5mm, that is, the widths of the first slot 141, the second slot 142, the third slot 143 and the fourth slot 144 may be 9.5 mm.

Alternatively, the lengths of the first decoupling member 130, the second decoupling member 410, the third decoupling member 420, and the fourth decoupling member 430 may be one-half of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point of the resonance generated by the antenna, and may be 45 mm. The lengths of the first, second, third, and fourth decoupling members 130, 410, 420, and 430 may be 35 mm.

Alternatively, the coupling gaps between first decoupling member 130, second decoupling member 410, third decoupling member 420, and fourth decoupling member 430 and first radiator 110, second radiator 120, third radiator 310, and fourth radiator 320 may be 2mm, respectively.

Alternatively, the first decoupling member 130, the second decoupling member 410, the third decoupling member 420 and the fourth decoupling member 430 may have a zigzag shape, for example, a C-shape or a U-shape, etc.

Fig. 25 to 27 are schematic diagrams of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 25 shows the S-parameter simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24. Fig. 26 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24. Fig. 27 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 24.

As shown in fig. 25, the operating bandwidth of the four-element antenna array can cover 3.3GHz-3.8GHz, and the isolation is greater than 11.7dB in the operating frequency band. As shown in fig. 26 and 27, the system efficiency of the four-element antenna array in the 3.3GHz-3.8GHz band can approximately satisfy-5 dB, and the ECC is less than 0.24 in the 3.3GHz-3.8GHz band, which is suitable for the 2 × 2 MIMO system.

Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of current distribution when the first power feeding unit feeds power according to the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 28, when the first feeding unit feeds, a stronger ground plane surface current is guided to the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator. That is, there is a strong coupling current between the feeding points of the antenna array, which deteriorates the near-field isolation characteristics of the antenna array. However, after the antenna array is coupled to the plurality of decoupling elements, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator of the antenna array may generate an induced current from each corresponding decoupling element, and the direction of the induced current is opposite to the direction of the coupling current. That is, this structure can cancel the coupling current coupled from the first feeding point to the second feeding point, the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point, so that the respective feeding points have good near-field isolation characteristics therebetween.

It should be understood that when the feeding units corresponding to the second feeding point, the third feeding point and the fourth feeding point feed, the surface current is observed in a similar manner, so that the feeding units also have good near-field isolation characteristics between the feeding points.

Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 29, the antenna may further include a first neutralizing member 510 and a second neutralizing member 520.

The first neutralizing element 510 and the second neutralizing element 520 are disposed inside an area defined by the first projection, the second projection, the third projection, and the fourth projection, or inside an area defined by the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator. The first neutralizing element 510 has one end adjacent to the first radiator 110 and the other end adjacent to the third radiator 310. The second neutralizing element 520 has one end adjacent to the second radiator 120 and the other end adjacent to the fourth radiator 320.

It should be understood that the first and second neutralizers 510 and 520 are disposed inside the area surrounded by the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320, and the projection of the vertical projection of the first and second neutralizers 510 and 520 on the plane of the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320 may be considered as being inside the area surrounded by the first radiator 110, the second radiator 120, the third radiator 310 and the fourth radiator 320.

Alternatively, the first neutralizing member 510 may be provided on the rear cover surface, and the second neutralizing member 520 may be provided on the antenna stand surface.

Alternatively, the first neutralizing member 510 may be provided on the surface of the antenna stand, and the second neutralizing member 520 may be provided on the surface of the rear cover.

Alternatively, the first and second neutralizing members 510 and 520 may be provided to the rear cover surface.

Alternatively, the first and second neutralizing members 510 and 520 may be provided to the surface of the antenna stand.

Alternatively, the first and second neutralizers 510 and 520 and the radiator support may have different coupling pitches. Therefore, if the difference between the coupling pitches is designed, the resonant paths of the first neutralizing member 510 and the second neutralizing member 520 can be effectively separated, and the first neutralizing member 510 and the second neutralizing member 520 can be disposed at different layers.

Fig. 30 to 32 are schematic views of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29, which are explained with the first and second neutralizing members 510 and 520 provided on the rear cover surface.

Fig. 30 shows the simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29. Fig. 31 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29. Fig. 32 shows the ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 29.

As shown in fig. 30, in the operating frequency band, due to the addition of the neutralizing element, there are six high points with isolation, which effectively improves the isolation between the first feeding point of the first radiator and the third feeding point of the third radiator, and between the second feeding point of the second radiator and the fourth feeding point of the fourth radiator. The working bandwidth of the four-unit antenna array can cover 4.4GHz-5GHz, and the isolation in the working frequency band is greater than 14 dB. As shown in fig. 31 and 32, the system efficiency of the four-element antenna array in the 4.4GHz-5GHz band can approximately satisfy-4 dB, and the ECC is less than 0.13 in the 4.4GHz-5GHz band, which is suitable for the 2 × 2 MIMO system.

Fig. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 33, the structure of the antenna may be asymmetric. The first decoupling element 130 may be adjacent to the first radiator, the second decoupling element 410 may be adjacent to the second radiator, the third decoupling element 420 may be adjacent to the third radiator, and the fourth decoupling element 430 may be adjacent to the fourth radiator.

It should be understood that the present application is not limited to antenna structure symmetry, and the position of the decoupling element may be changed to deflect one of the radiators according to design or manufacturing requirements.

Fig. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of an array formed by antennas according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 34, the first neutralizing element 510 may include a first element 610. Wherein the first element 610 may be connected in series to the first neutralizing member 510.

Alternatively, the first element 610 may be a capacitor, inductor or other lumped component. Adjusting the capacitance or inductance of the first element 610 can control the frequency up/down position of the isolation high point between the first feeding point and the third feeding point.

It should be understood that the same structure can be applied to the second neutralizing element 520 for controlling the frequency raising and lowering position of the isolation high point between the second feeding point and the fourth feeding point.

Fig. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 35, when the first neutralizing element 510 and the second neutralizing element 520 are disposed on the rear cover of the electronic device, a first projection of the first neutralizing element 510 and the first radiator 110 along the first direction on the rear cover partially overlaps a third projection of the third radiator 310 along the first direction on the rear cover, and a second projection of the second neutralizing element 520 and the second radiator 120 along the first direction on the rear cover partially overlaps a fourth projection of the fourth radiator 320 along the first direction on the rear cover.

It is understood that such a structure may further increase the coupling strength between the first neutralizer 510 and the first radiator 110 and the third radiator 310 and between the second neutralizer 520 and the second radiator 120 and the fourth radiator 320, reduce the coupling current between the first feeding point of the first radiator and the third feeding point of the third radiator and between the second feeding point of the second radiator and the fourth feeding point of the fourth radiator, and improve the isolation.

Fig. 36 to 38 are schematic diagrams of simulation results of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35.

Fig. 36 shows the simulation result of S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35. Fig. 37 is a result of an efficiency simulation of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35. Fig. 38 is an ECC simulation result of the antenna structure shown in fig. 35.

As shown in fig. 36, the operating bandwidth of the four-element antenna array can cover 4.4GHz-5GHz, and the isolation is greater than 18dB in the operating frequency band. As shown in fig. 37 and 38, the system efficiency of the four-element antenna array in the 4.4GHz-5GHz band can approximately satisfy-4 dB, and the ECC is less than 0.1 in the 4.4GHz-5GHz band, which is suitable for the 2 × 2 MIMO system.

Fig. 39 to 41 are schematic structural diagrams of another array of antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 39, the arrangement of the antenna elements and the decouplers is not limited in this application. As long as there is a partial overlap in their respective directions, the decouplers may generate coupling currents, which may improve the isolation between adjacent antenna elements. As shown in fig. 40, the four-element antenna array may be arranged in a 2 × 2 array, or may be arranged in a ring shape. As shown in fig. 41, the number of antenna elements in the antenna array may not be limited to four antenna elements, and may be three antenna elements.

It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the arrangement shape of the antenna array, and the antenna array may be rectangular, circular, triangular or other shapes, and the number of the antenna units is not limited, and may be adjusted according to design or production requirements.

It should be understood that, when the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a MIMO system, antennas formed by the respective radiators may operate in a time-division duplex (TDD) mode or a frequency-division duplex (FDD) mode. I.e. may operate in different frequency ranges. For example, taking dual antennas as an example, the operating frequency band of the first antenna may cover the receiving frequency band of the FDD mode, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna may cover the transmitting frequency band of the FDD mode. Alternatively, the first antenna and the second antenna may operate in high and low power of the same frequency band in FDD mode or TDD mode. The working frequency of the first antenna and the working frequency of the second antenna are not limited, and can be adjusted according to actual design or production requirements.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of some interfaces, devices or units, and may be an electric or other form.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.