阅读说明：本技术 一种高隔离度5g基站天线、无线通信终端 (High-isolation 5G base station antenna and wireless communication terminal ) 是由 樊芳芳 王丽琳 范潇 秦楷 徐云学 于 2021-03-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于基站天线阵列技术领域,公开了一种高隔离度5G基站天线、无线通信终端,金属地板通过介质螺柱固定有第一层周期性排列贴片结构和第二层周期性排列贴片结构；每层周期性排列贴片结构上设置有周期性排列的方形贴片；第一层周期性排列贴片结构和第二层周期性排列贴片结构位于天线单元之上,天线单元线阵之间设置有金属隔离墙,金属隔离墙通过螺丝固定在金属地板上。本发明通过对天线阵列加载开缝的金属隔离墙和两层周期性排列贴片结构,使5G基站天线阵列单元之间的隔离度得到了很大改善,可应用于5G通信系统中。(The invention belongs to the technical field of base station antenna arrays and discloses a high-isolation 5G base station antenna and a wireless communication terminal.A first layer of periodically-arranged patch structure and a second layer of periodically-arranged patch structure are fixed on a metal floor through dielectric studs; each layer of periodically arranged patch structure is provided with periodically arranged square patches; the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures are positioned on the antenna units, metal isolation walls are arranged between the linear arrays of the antenna units, and the metal isolation walls are fixed on the metal floor through screws. The invention greatly improves the isolation between the antenna array units of the 5G base station by loading the slotted metal isolation wall and the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures on the antenna array, and can be applied to a 5G communication system.)

1. The utility model provides a high isolation 5G base station antenna which characterized in that, high isolation 5G base station antenna is provided with:

a metal floor;

the metal floor is fixed with a first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and a second layer of periodically arranged patch structure through medium studs; the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure is provided with a first layer of periodically arranged square patches, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure is provided with a second layer of periodically arranged square patches;

the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures are positioned on the antenna units, metal isolation walls are arranged between the linear arrays of the antenna units, and the metal isolation walls are fixed on the metal floor through screws.

2. The high isolation 5G base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures is located above the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures.

3. The high isolation 5G base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the first layer of periodically arranged patch element structures is disposed on top of the antenna array, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures is disposed above the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures.

4. The high-isolation 5G base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures are both composed of a dielectric plate and periodically arranged square metal patches, the square metal patches are printed on the dielectric plate, and the side lengths of the square metal patches in the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures are different; the number of the square metal patches in each layer of the periodically arranged patch structure is consistent with the number of the antenna units and the arrangement mode, the square metal patches are distributed right above each antenna unit, and the centers of the square patches correspond to the centers of the antenna units.

5. The high-isolation 5G base station antenna according to claim 4, wherein the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate material in the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures is 2.2, and the thickness of the dielectric plate material is 1.5 mm;

the height of the second layer of the periodically arranged patch structure from the first layer of the periodically arranged patch structure is less than 0.25 times of the wavelength;

the side lengths of the square metal patches in the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure are different and are about 0.25 times of the wavelength.

6. The high-isolation 5G base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna unit has an umbrella-shaped dipole structure, is composed of two radiation structures of ± 45 °, and is vertically and crosswise placed on the metal floor.

7. The high-isolation 5G base station antenna according to claim 6, wherein each radiation structure comprises a dielectric plate, an umbrella-shaped radiation patch and a balun matching structure, and the umbrella-shaped radiation patch is divided into two parts and is printed on the front surface and the back surface of the unit dielectric plate respectively.

8. The high-isolation 5G base station antenna as claimed in claim 7, wherein the balun matching structure is connected to the radiating patch and the feeding network for impedance matching adjustment, and the antenna element is fed through the power divider.

9. The high isolation 5G base station antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal isolation walls are placed between each column of antenna elements, and each metal isolation wall is identical in structure;

the metal isolation walls are made of metal materials, slots are formed near positions corresponding to the centers of the antenna units, the number of the slots on each metal isolation wall is consistent with that of each row of units, the intervals of the slots are the same, and the length of each slot is 0.1 time of the wavelength.

10. A wireless communication terminal, characterized in that the wireless communication terminal is provided with the high-isolation 5G base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of base station antenna arrays, and particularly relates to a high-isolation 5G base station antenna and a wireless communication terminal.

Background

At present, wireless communication technology is rapidly developed in recent years, and the requirements for faster data transmission rate and larger transmission capacity are more and more urgent, and the current fourth generation mobile communication system is difficult to meet. The Sub-6GHz frequency band planned by the Ministry of industry and belief for the research and development test of the 5G technology in China is 3.3-3.6GHz and 4.8-5.0 GHz. With the release of 5G mobile communication frequency band, the traditional base station antenna is not enough to cover the working frequency band. Therefore, as the most important functional component in mobile communication, the technical research and design of the base station antenna for 5G communication application become a hot spot in recent years.

The 5G base station antenna unit adopts a dual-polarization technology, and the influence of multipath fading on communication is effectively reduced. For a 5G base station antenna, it generally consists of a plurality of antenna units, which affect each other and generate coupling, and the coupling will be strengthened sharply along with the increase of the number of antennas or the close distance of the antenna units. The limited space makes the spacing between the antenna elements of the design smaller, the smaller the element spacing, the less isolation. For array antennas, mutual coupling is a major factor that limits their applications, and is also a major problem that plagues antenna designers. The design, number, and placement of the antenna elements directly affect the mutual coupling between the antenna elements. The presence of mutual coupling on the one hand reduces the radiation efficiency of the antenna and on the other hand affects the characteristics of the antenna such as impedance matching, radiation pattern and array scanning. Therefore, for a 5G base station antenna, it is important to study how to improve the isolation between antenna elements.

Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: in the prior art, mutual coupling exists in the array antenna, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced, and the characteristics of impedance matching, a radiation pattern, array scanning and the like of the antenna are influenced.

The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: for the 5G base station antenna, it is difficult to load two layers of periodically arranged metal patch structures, which may deteriorate the antenna matching performance, the impedance bandwidth and the radiation efficiency, and to make the isolation and other performances achieve the best results, it is necessary to continuously adjust the parameters such as the position and the size of the isolation structure, and balance the performances of the array antenna.

The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: for 5G base station antennas, the active matching and wide-angle scanning characteristics of the antennas can be greatly improved by increasing the isolation between the units, and the radiation efficiency of the antennas can be improved by increasing the isolation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-isolation 5G base station antenna and a wireless communication terminal.

The high-isolation 5G base station antenna is provided with a metal floor;

the metal floor is fixed with a first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and a second layer of periodically arranged patch structure through medium studs; the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure is provided with a first layer of periodically arranged square patches, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure is provided with a second layer of periodically arranged square patches;

the first layer of periodically arranged patch structures and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures are positioned on the antenna units, metal isolation walls are arranged between the linear arrays of the antenna units, and the metal isolation walls are fixed on the metal floor through screws.

Further, the second layer of the periodically arranged patch structures is positioned above the first layer of the periodically arranged patch structures.

Further, the first layer of periodically arranged patch unit structure is placed at the top end of the antenna array, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure is located above the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure.

Furthermore, the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure are both composed of a dielectric slab and periodically arranged square metal patches, the square metal patches are printed above the dielectric slab, and the side lengths of the square metal patches in the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures are different; the number of the square metal patches in each layer of the periodically arranged patch structure is consistent with the number of the antenna units and the arrangement mode, the square metal patches are distributed right above each antenna unit, and the centers of the square patches correspond to the centers of the antenna units.

Further, the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate material in the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure is 2.2, and the thickness is 1.5 mm;

the height of the second layer of the periodically arranged patch structure from the first layer of the periodically arranged patch structure is less than 0.25 times of the wavelength;

the side lengths of the square metal patches in the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure are different and are about 0.25 times of the wavelength.

Furthermore, the antenna unit is of an umbrella-shaped oscillator structure and is composed of two radiation structures with an angle of +/-45 degrees, and the two radiation structures are vertically and crossly arranged on the metal floor.

Furthermore, each radiation structure comprises a dielectric slab, an umbrella-shaped radiation patch and a balun matching structure, wherein the umbrella-shaped radiation patch is divided into two parts which are respectively printed on the front surface and the back surface of the unit dielectric slab.

Further, the balun matching structure is connected with the radiation patch and the feed network to adjust impedance matching, and feeds power to the antenna unit through the power divider.

Further, the metal isolation wall is arranged between each row of antenna units, and the structure of each metal isolation wall is completely the same.

Furthermore, the metal isolation walls are made of metal materials, slots are designed near the positions corresponding to the centers of the antenna units, the number of the slots on each metal isolation wall is consistent with that of each row of units, the intervals of the slots are the same, and the length of each slot is about 0.1 times of the wavelength.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication terminal equipped with the high isolation 5G base station antenna.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, by loading the slotted metal isolation wall and the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures on the antenna array, the isolation between the antenna array units of the 5G base station is greatly improved, the unit isolation, the same polarization isolation and the cross polarization isolation of the antenna are all below-20 dB, and meanwhile, the characteristics of radiation, matching, scanning and the like of the antenna are also improved. The improvement of isolation makes array antenna also can have fine performance under the close apart from the condition to the two-layer periodic array metal paster simple structure that this antenna added easily processes, can be applied to in the 5G communication system.

The lowest ground plate part of the whole structure of the antenna comprises a metal floor, a dielectric plate, an aluminum plate and a lowest dielectric plate from top to bottom, the feeding network is positioned on the back of the lowest dielectric plate, and the antenna is fed through the power divider. Meanwhile, the antenna unit in the invention has an umbrella-shaped structure, and can realize dual polarization.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-isolation 5G base station antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a high isolation 5G base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of simulation results of port isolation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of simulation results of cross polarization isolation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of simulation results of the same polarization isolation provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a first layer of periodically arranged patch structures; 2. a second layer of periodically arranged patch structures; 3. a first layer of periodically arranged square patches; 4. a second layer of periodically arranged square patches; 5. a metal partition wall; 6. an antenna unit; 7. a metal floor; 8. a dielectric stud.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-isolation 5G base station antenna and a wireless communication terminal, and the following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the high-isolation 5G base station antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a metal floor 7, and the metal floor 7 is fixed with a first layer of periodically arranged patch structures 1 and a second layer of periodically arranged patch structures 2 through dielectric studs 8; wherein, the second layer of the periodically arranged patch structures 2 is positioned above the first layer of the periodically arranged patch structures 1. The first layer of periodically arranged patch structures 1 are provided with first layer of periodically arranged patch structure square patches 3, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures 2 are provided with second layer of periodically arranged patch structure square patches 4. The first layer of periodically arranged patch structures 1 and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structures 2 are positioned on the antenna units 6, metal isolation walls 5 are arranged between the antenna units 6, and the metal isolation walls 5 are fixed on a metal floor 7 through screws; the first layer of periodically arranged patch unit structure 1 is placed at the top end of the antenna array, and the second layer of periodically arranged patch structure 2 is positioned above the first layer of periodically arranged patch structure 1.

Each layer of periodically arranged patch structure consists of a layer of dielectric plate and periodically arranged square metal patches, wherein the square metal patches are printed above the dielectric plate, and the side lengths of the square metal patches in the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures are different; the number of the square metal patches in each layer of the periodically arranged patch structure is consistent with the number of the antenna units and the arrangement mode, the square metal patches are distributed right above each antenna unit, and the centers of the square patches correspond to the centers of the antenna units.

The dielectric constant of the dielectric plate material of the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures is 2.2, and the thickness is 1.5 mm; in the two-layer periodic patch structure, the height of the second layer of periodic patch structure from the first layer of periodic patch structure is less than 0.25 times of wavelength, preferably 0.14 times of wavelength. The side lengths of the square metal patches in the two periodically arranged patch structures are different and are about 0.25 times of the wavelength. The size of the square metal patch and the placement height of the two periodically arranged patch structures can greatly affect the isolation between the antenna units. The antenna unit 6 is an umbrella-shaped oscillator structure and consists of two radiation structures with the angle of +/-45 degrees, so that the characteristic of double linear polarization of the base station antenna is realized. Each radiation structure comprises a dielectric plate, an umbrella-shaped radiation patch and a balun matching structure.

The umbrella-shaped radiation patch is divided into two parts which are respectively printed on the front surface and the back surface of the unit dielectric plate. The two radiation structures are arranged on the metal floor in a +/-45-degree umbrella-shaped oscillator radiation structure in a vertical and crossed mode, the balun matching structure is connected with the radiation patch and the feed network to conduct impedance matching adjustment, and feed is conducted on the antenna unit through the power divider. Metal separation walls 5 are placed between each column of antenna elements 6, and the structural design of each metal separation wall 5 is identical. The isolation walls are made of metal materials, the slots are designed near the positions corresponding to the centers of the antenna units, the number of the slots on each metal isolation wall is consistent with that of each row of units, the intervals of the slots are the same, and the length of each slot is about 0.1 times of the wavelength. The metal isolation wall structure and the two layers of periodically arranged patch structures have the effect of improving the isolation of the whole array antenna, so that the homopolar isolation, the isolation between unit ports and the cross polarization isolation are greatly improved and all reach below-20 dB.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to simulation experiments.

As can be seen from fig. 3-5, the port isolation, cross polarization isolation and same polarization isolation of the high isolation 5G base station antenna according to the present invention all reach below-20 dB in the required frequency band range.

The high-isolation 5G base station antenna provided by the invention adopts two layers of periodically arranged patch structures and metal isolation walls, so that the co-polarization isolation, the port isolation and the cross-polarization isolation of the array antenna are obviously improved to be below-20 dB, and the high-isolation 5G base station antenna can be applied to a 5G base station antenna system.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.