阅读说明：本技术 一种多层复合结构的转鼓路面仿真材料及其制备方法 (Drum pavement simulation material with multilayer composite structure and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李培耀 马连湘 宋国君 王泽鹏 谷正 王立 王怀志 李俊逸 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多层复合结构的转鼓路面仿真材料及其制备方法,属于模拟路面材料技术领域,所述仿真材料包括表面层、中间层和底层,所述表面层为碳钢基材表面喷涂耐磨层,所述中间层为橡胶层,所述底层为普通碳钢薄层,所述耐磨层为含镍的碳化钨涂层或7Cr13马氏体不锈钢涂层。本发明克服现有转鼓路面仿真材料只具其形,缺乏实际路面作用力的缺点,同时提高实验过程与实际行车时的接近度,提供侧向摩擦力比如侧倾、侧偏等实际路况,较原转鼓路面材料测试精度能够进一步提高。(The invention discloses a multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of simulation pavement materials, wherein the simulation material comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, the surface layer is a wear-resistant layer sprayed on the surface of a carbon steel substrate, the middle layer is a rubber layer, the bottom layer is a common carbon steel thin layer, and the wear-resistant layer is a nickel-containing tungsten carbide coating or a 7Cr13 martensitic stainless steel coating. The invention overcomes the defects that the existing drum pavement simulation material only has the shape and lacks the actual pavement acting force, improves the proximity between the experimental process and the actual driving, provides the actual road conditions of lateral friction ratio such as side inclination, side deflection and the like, and can further improve the test precision compared with the original drum pavement material.)

1. The rotary drum pavement simulation material with the multilayer composite structure is characterized by comprising a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is a wear-resistant layer sprayed on the surface of a carbon steel substrate, the middle layer is a rubber layer, and the bottom layer is a common carbon steel thin layer.

2. The multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant layer is a nickel-containing tungsten carbide coating or a 7Cr13 martensitic stainless steel coating.

3. The rotary drum pavement simulation material with the multilayer composite structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thickness ratio of each layer of the simulation material is as follows: 2.5 to 5.5 portions of carbon steel substrate, 0.2 to 0.25 portion of tungsten carbide coating containing nickel, 0.4 to 0.6 portion of martensitic stainless steel coating containing 7Cr13, 3.0 to 8.0 portions of rubber layer and 1.0 to 3.0 portions of common carbon steel thin layer.

4. The multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material as set forth in claim 1, wherein said rubber layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90.0-120.0 parts of rubber, 1.0-20.0 parts of oil, 1.0-70.0 parts of common filling material, 1.0-30.0 parts of functional filling material, 0.5-3.0 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.1-5.0 parts of anti-aging agent and 0.1-5.0 parts of coupling agent.

5. The multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material as set forth in claim 4, wherein said rubber layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100.0 parts of rubber, 5.0 parts of oil, 10.0 parts of common filling material, 5.0 parts of functional filling material, 1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent and 2.0 parts of coupling agent.

6. The multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material according to claim 4, wherein the rubber is a mixture of one or more of fluororubber, acrylate rubber and silicone rubber, the oil is a non-volatile oil and comprises a mixture of one or more of aromatic oil, process oil, naphthenic oil, engine oil and white oil, and the common filler comprises a mixture of one or more of carbon black, white carbon black, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, kaolin and barite.

7. The multi-layer composite structure drum pavement simulation material as claimed in claim 4, wherein the functional filler comprises a heat-conducting inorganic insulating material and a heat-conducting non-insulating material, the heat-conducting inorganic insulating material comprises a mixture of any one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and quartz, and the heat-conducting non-insulating material comprises a mixture of any one or more of conductive carbon black, expanded graphite, graphene, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.

8. The rotary drum pavement simulation material with the multilayer composite structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the vulcanizing agent is any one or a mixture of more of a peroxide vulcanizing agent, a metal oxide vulcanizing agent and a resin vulcanizing agent, and the anti-aging agent is any one or a mixture of more of an antioxidant 1010, an antioxidant 168, an anti-aging agent 4010, an anti-aging agent 4020, an anti-aging agent RD and an anti-aging agent MB.

9. The multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material of claim 4, wherein the coupling agent is any one or a mixture of two of silane and titanate.

10. A method for preparing a drum pavement simulation material with a multilayer composite structure as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

(1) after sampling an actual pavement, preparing a carbon steel substrate with the texture structure completely the same as the actual pavement by using a 3D printing technology, spraying a wear-resistant layer on the surface of the carbon steel substrate to obtain a surface layer, designing a common carbon steel thin layer into a movable character insert structure as a bottom layer so that the movable character insert structure has detachability, and putting the surface layer and the bottom layer into a mold;

(2) adding rubber, common filling filler, functional filling filler, vulcanizing agent, oil, coupling agent and anti-aging agent into an internal rubber mixing mill according to a proportion, plasticating, mixing, tabletting and cooling to obtain an intermediate layer, namely a rubber layer;

(3) injecting the rubber layer material into a mold with the surface layer material and the bottom layer material placed thereon by a rubber injection machine in a rubber injection molding mode, directly injecting and molding, then vulcanizing with a mold at the temperature of 160-185 ℃ for 2.0-20.0min, cooling and opening the mold, and obtaining the rotary drum pavement simulation material insert with the multilayer composite structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of simulated pavement materials, in particular to a rotary drum pavement simulation material with a multilayer composite structure and a preparation method thereof.

Background

After the production of an automobile tire is completed, performance testing is required, wherein the road material on the indoor test equipment has a critical influence on the test during the testing process. In performance tests, a rotary drum test bed is generally used to simulate a road surface in order to simulate various road surface conditions and driving conditions such as cornering and rolling. The rotary drum test bed is a common tire road test device. The simulated road surface on the surface of the rotary drum drives the wheels to rotate, and the wheels can be tested for lateral deviation and lateral inclination when simulated turning action is carried out. The test bed provides straight running, lateral deviation and lateral inclination acting force for the wheels by means of friction force and reaction force between the rotary drum and the wheels. The drum material and its surface therefore play a critical role in providing the test load.

In the prior art, a metal pattern is usually engraved on a rotating drum to simulate the structure of a road surface. For example, in the invention patent "a drum for simulating road surface" (CN201510075011.0), the periodic corrugations parallel to the cross section of the drum on the outer surface of the drum are composed of end-to-end tangent equal-diameter concave arc lines and convex arc lines, the drum is easy to process, reduces the cost, increases the friction force of the drum, and is suitable for simulating various road surfaces. In practical application, the simulated road surface only has the shape and is difficult to wrap the performance of the simulated road surface, including friction coefficient, cornering force and the like, so that the test distortion degree of the tire performance is greatly increased.

The multilayer composite structure is formed by two or more materials with different properties through physical or chemical methods, and has the action form with synergistic effect macroscopically. The materials of each layer structure mutually make up for the weakness in performance to generate a synergistic effect, so that the comprehensive performance of the composite structure is superior to that of a single material to meet the actual requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material and a preparation method thereof, which overcome the defect that the existing drum pavement simulation material only has the shape and lacks the actual pavement acting force, improve the proximity between the experimental process and the actual driving, provide the actual road conditions of lateral friction ratio such as side inclination, side deflection and the like, and further improve the test precision compared with the original drum pavement material.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the rotary drum pavement simulation material with the multilayer composite structure comprises a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is a wear-resistant layer sprayed on the surface of a carbon steel substrate, the middle layer is a rubber layer, and the bottom layer is a common carbon steel thin layer.

Preferably, the wear-resistant layer is a nickel-containing tungsten carbide coating or a 7Cr13 martensitic stainless steel coating.

Further preferably, the thickness ratio of each layer of the simulation material is as follows: 2.5 to 5.5 portions of carbon steel substrate, 0.2 to 0.25 portion of tungsten carbide coating containing nickel, 0.4 to 0.6 portion of martensitic stainless steel coating containing 7Cr13, 3.0 to 8.0 portions of rubber layer and 1.0 to 3.0 portions of common carbon steel thin layer.

Preferably, the rubber layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90.0-120.0 parts of rubber, 1.0-20.0 parts of oil, 1.0-70.0 parts of common filling material, 1.0-30.0 parts of functional filling material, 0.5-3.0 parts of vulcanizing agent, 0.1-5.0 parts of anti-aging agent and 0.1-5.0 parts of coupling agent.

Further preferably, the rubber layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100.0 parts of rubber, 5.0 parts of oil, 10.0 parts of common filling material, 5.0 parts of functional filling material, 1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent and 2.0 parts of coupling agent.

Preferably, the rubber is one or a mixture of more of fluororubber, acrylate rubber and silicon rubber, the oil is non-volatile oil and comprises one or a mixture of more of aromatic oil, operating oil, naphthenic oil, engine oil and white oil, and the common filling material comprises one or a mixture of more of carbon black, white carbon black, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, kaolin and barite.

Preferably, the functional filling material comprises a heat-conducting inorganic insulating material and a heat-conducting non-insulating material, the heat-conducting inorganic insulating material comprises a mixture of any one or more of zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and quartz, and the heat-conducting non-insulating material comprises a mixture of any one or more of conductive carbon black, expanded graphite, graphene, carbon fiber and carbon nano tube.

Preferably, the vulcanizing agent is any one or a mixture of more of a peroxide vulcanizing agent, a metal oxide vulcanizing agent and a resin vulcanizing agent, and the anti-aging agent is any one or a mixture of more of an antioxidant 1010, an antioxidant 168, an anti-aging agent 4010, an anti-aging agent 4020, an anti-aging agent RD and an anti-aging agent MB.

Preferably, the coupling agent is any one of silane and titanate or a mixture of the two.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the multilayer composite structure drum pavement simulation material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) after sampling an actual pavement, preparing a carbon steel substrate with the texture structure completely the same as the actual pavement by using a 3D printing technology, spraying a wear-resistant layer on the surface of the carbon steel substrate to obtain a surface layer, designing a common carbon steel thin layer into a movable character insert structure as a bottom layer so that the movable character insert structure has detachability, and putting the surface layer and the bottom layer into a mold;

(2) adding rubber, common filling filler, functional filling filler, vulcanizing agent, oil, coupling agent and anti-aging agent into an internal rubber mixing mill according to a proportion, plasticating, mixing, tabletting and cooling to obtain an intermediate layer, namely a rubber layer;

(3) injecting the rubber layer material into a mold with the surface layer material and the bottom layer material placed thereon by a rubber injection machine in a rubber injection molding mode, directly injecting and molding, then vulcanizing with a mold at the temperature of 160-185 ℃ for 2.0-20.0min, cooling and opening the mold, and obtaining the rotary drum pavement simulation material insert with the multilayer composite structure.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) the formula and the process are adjusted, the simulation materials of different parts of the simulation pavement structure are respectively prepared, the simulation materials are close to the actual pavement, and the conformity of the simulation pavement is improved;

(2) the drum pavement simulation material with the multilayer composite structure has the advantages that materials of all layers of structures mutually make up for deficiencies in performance to generate a synergistic effect, so that the comprehensive performance of the composite structure is superior to that of a single material to meet the actual requirement, the composite structure of metal and high polymer flexible material can make up for deficiencies in performance and act synergistically, wherein the middle layer is made of a rubber material with high compression strength and excellent high compression resistance, the high adhesion of the composite material and the metal is utilized, the tight bonding can be ensured without adding an adhesive, and the bottom layer is designed into a movable-type embedded piece structure to have detachability, so that the bonding force with the surface layer is ensured while the disassembly is convenient, and the distortion and even falling off in the test process are prevented;

(3) the method is characterized in that a composite structure is built by using multiple layers of different materials, a three-layer structure simulated pavement which is closer to an actual pavement and comprises a surface layer, a base layer and a cushion layer is prepared, a rubber injection molding mode is adopted, the surface layer and the bottom layer are placed in a mold, direct injection molding is carried out, then vulcanization is carried out with the mold, the dimensional precision of a product is guaranteed, the three-layer binding force is guaranteed, the interface of the composite structure is tightly bound, the interface problem is effectively solved, a multi-layer composite material structure is perfectly formed, the simulation precision is high, the composite structure is detachable, the test distortion is small, and meanwhile;

(4) the multilayer composite structure material has excellent mechanical property, different hardness, excellent static electricity conducting, heat conducting and wear resisting properties;

(5) the method has the advantages of simple process, high conformity, strong detachability and low production rejection rate, and is beneficial to popularization and application.

Detailed Description

To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples: