阅读说明：本技术 一种适应易结渣的农林生物质气化装置 (Agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging ) 是由 陈文威 潘贤齐 袁洪友 陈坚 周意 阴秀丽 吴创之 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种适应易结渣的农林生物质气化装置,包括炉体与冷却系统,炉体内包括有氧化区以及灰渣破碎区,炉体的顶部开设有进料口,炉体的底部设置有炉箅装置,氧化区与灰渣破碎区之间设置有灰渣冷却区；氧化区的外侧壁设置有环形风室,环形风室连接有若干均匀分布于氧化区内侧壁上的环形风嘴；氧化区安装有中心风系统。通过采用上述技术方案,避免了熔融的灰渣直接落在炉箅装置,阻止熔融的灰渣在炉箅装置上形成渣壳；减少停炉清渣状况的发生,提高气化装置运行的稳定性。(The invention relates to an agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging, which comprises a furnace body and a cooling system, wherein the furnace body comprises an oxidation area and an ash crushing area, the top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding hole, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a grate device, and an ash cooling area is arranged between the oxidation area and the ash crushing area; the outer side wall of the oxidation zone is provided with an annular air chamber which is connected with a plurality of annular air nozzles uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the oxidation zone; the oxidation zone is equipped with a central air system. By adopting the technical scheme, the molten ash is prevented from directly falling on the grate device, and the molten ash is prevented from forming a slag shell on the grate device; the occurrence of blowing-out slag removal condition is reduced, and the running stability of the gasification device is improved.)

1. The utility model provides an agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device that adapts to easy slagging scorification, includes furnace body (1) and cooling system, including oxidation zone (15) and lime-ash broken zone (17) in furnace body (1), feed inlet (2) have been seted up at the top of furnace body (1), the bottom of furnace body (1) is provided with grate device, characterized by: an ash cooling area (16) is arranged between the oxidation area (15) and the ash crushing area (17); an annular air chamber (61) is arranged on the outer side wall of the oxidation zone (15), and the annular air chamber (61) is connected with a plurality of annular air nozzles (62) which are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the oxidation zone (15); the oxidation zone (15) is provided with a central air system.

2. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging according to claim 1, wherein: the central air system comprises a central air pipe (72) and a connecting pipe (71), one end of the connecting pipe (71) is connected with the central air pipe (72), the other end of the connecting pipe (71) extends to the outer side of the oxidation area (15), and a plurality of central air nozzles (73) are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the central air pipe (72).

3. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging according to claim 2, wherein: the air outlet of the central air nozzle (73) is opposite to the air outlet of the annular air nozzle (62).

4. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of slag breaking holes (161) which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer side of the ash cooling area (16).

5. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging according to claim 2, wherein: the grate device comprises a grate body (32), and the taper angle of the outer side wall of the grate body (32) is 60 degrees.

6. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging of claim 5, wherein: the upper part of the grate body (32) is connected with a grate cap (31), the lower part of the grate body (32) is connected with a base (33), and the grate cap (31), the grate body (32) and the base (33) are all provided with a slag breaking spiral knife plough (4).

7. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging of claim 6, wherein: and cooling water pipes (9) are arranged on the outer sides of the central air pipe (72), the connecting pipe (71), the grate cap (31) and the grate body (32).

8. The agricultural and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace body (1), the central air system and the grate device are respectively connected with the cooling system, and cooling water is forcibly circulated.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification, and particularly relates to an agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging.

Background

As a big agricultural country, China has hundreds of billions of tons of crop straws, such as wheat straws, corn straws, rice straws and the like, each year, and the biomass gasification technology is utilized to convert solid biomass raw materials into high-grade combustible gas, thereby having important significance for solving the problem of energy shortage and coordinating the development of the environment.

Alkali metal element (mainly K) content is abundant in three kinds of common straw living beings (wheat straw, maize straw and straw), is the essential element of living beings ash, alkali metal inorganic salt has lower melting point, the melting temperature of crops ash such as wheat straw is 750 ~ 1100 ℃, produce the slagging scorification very easily in the combustion process, lead to the grate air inlet not smooth, the operating condition in the stove has been destroyed, the degree of difficulty of gasification equipment operation has been increased, the condition is even to shut down the stove clear slag when serious, be one of the problem that awaits the solution in the gasification of present straw living beings is used.

Patent document No. CN104178220B discloses a tower-type biomass gasification furnace, which includes a furnace body, a feeding device and an ash discharging device disposed at the bottom of the furnace body, wherein a tower-type grate is supported at the inner side of the ash discharging device, a plurality of heat pipes parallel to the axis of the furnace body are disposed at the top of the inner side of the furnace body, a gap is formed between the bottom of the furnace body and the ash discharging device, the bottom of the furnace body and the ash discharging device are sealed by liquid, the tower-type grate extends into the furnace body and has a gap with the side wall of the furnace body, air is fed into the furnace through the grate, and slag is discharged out of the furnace after being crushed by the.

If the device uses crop straws as raw materials in the actual operation process, ash content of the device is in a molten state in a high-temperature environment of 1000-1200 ℃ in an oxidation area, the molten ash is gradually cooled by air fed in through a grate along with gradual downward movement of a slag layer, a slag shell is easily formed above the grate, the air can not enter the furnace any more, and the gasification device is forced to be stopped and cleaned.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging, which has the advantages of preventing the generation of slag shells on a grate device and improving the operation of the gasification device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging comprises a furnace body and a cooling system, wherein the furnace body comprises an oxidation area and an ash crushing area, the top of the furnace body is provided with a feeding hole, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a grate device, and an ash cooling area is arranged between the oxidation area and the ash crushing area; the outer side wall of the oxidation zone is provided with an annular air chamber, and the annular air chamber is connected with a plurality of annular air nozzles uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the oxidation zone; the oxidation zone is provided with a central air system.

By adopting the technical scheme, the ash cooling area is arranged between the oxidation area and the ash crushing area, so that molten ash generated in the oxidation area is slowly cooled in the ash cooling area, the molten ash is prevented from directly falling on the grate device, and the molten ash is prevented from forming a slag shell on the grate device. Through installing central wind system at the oxidation zone, and annular plenum is connected with a plurality of evenly distributed annular tuyere on the oxidation zone inside wall, and then replaces the conventional mode of burning at the oxidation zone through the grate device air inlet, has avoided because the grate device slagging blockage slagging scorification leads to the fact the air can't get into to the oxidation zone, reduces the emergence of blowing out the scarfing cinder situation, has improved the stability of gasification equipment operation.

The invention is further configured to: the central air system comprises a central air pipe and a connecting pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is connected with the central air pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe extends to the outer side of the oxidation area, and a plurality of central air nozzles are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the central air pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the peripheral face evenly distributed of central tuber pipe has a plurality of central tuyeres, and then lets form the convection current between the air that central tuyeres spout into and the air that annular tuyere spouts into to let living beings abundant burning in the oxidation zone.

The invention is further configured to: the air outlet of the central air nozzle is opposite to the air outlet of the annular air nozzle.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the air outlet of center tuyere sets up with the air outlet of annular tuyere relatively, and then strengthens the air convection in the oxidation zone, makes biomass fuel and air intensive mixing to make biomass fuel avoid the emergence of partial burning phenomenon.

The invention is further configured to: and a plurality of slag breaking holes which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the outer side of the ash cooling area.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the gasification device is abnormal in operation, the slagging condition in the furnace can be checked in time through the slag breaking holes and manual slag breaking is carried out, so that the gasification device is ensured to operate safely and stably.

The invention is further configured to: the grate device comprises a grate body, and the taper angle of the outer side wall of the grate body is 60 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, the taper angle of the grate body is far greater than that of the conventional pagoda grate body, so that the accumulation of ash residues on the grate device is effectively avoided, and the slag breaking effect of the grate device is ensured; meanwhile, the grate device is of a water jacket structure and is connected with a cooling system, cooling water is forcibly circulated, effective cooling of the grate and ash slag is guaranteed, and the service life of the grate is prolonged.

The invention is further configured to: the upper part of the grate body is connected with a grate cap, the lower part of the grate body is connected with a base, and the grate cap, the grate body and the base are all provided with a slag breaking spiral knife plough.

By adopting the technical scheme, the slag breaking spiral knife plough has the effects of stirring and crushing through the grate cap, the grate body and the base, so that the generation of large ash slag is prevented, and the occurrence of blowing-out and slag removal is reduced.

The invention is further configured to: and cooling water pipes are arranged on the outer sides of the central air pipe, the connecting pipe, the grate cap and the grate body.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling water of the furnace body and the central air system is forced to circulate, the central air nozzle and the annular air nozzle are prevented from being damaged by high temperature, and the running reliability of the gasification device is improved.

The invention is further configured to: the furnace body, the central air system and the grate device are respectively connected with the cooling system, and cooling water is forcibly circulated.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling water of the furnace body and the central air system is forced to circulate, the central air nozzle and the annular air nozzle are prevented from being damaged by high temperature, and the running reliability of the gasification device is improved.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. an ash cooling area is arranged between the oxidation area and the ash crushing area, so that molten ash generated in the oxidation area is slowly cooled in the ash cooling area, the molten ash is prevented from directly falling on the grate device, and the molten ash is prevented from forming a slag shell on the grate device;

2. through installing central wind system at the oxidation zone, and annular plenum is connected with a plurality of evenly distributed annular tuyere on the oxidation zone inside wall, and then replaces the conventional mode of burning at the oxidation zone through the grate device air inlet, has avoided because the grate device slagging blockage slagging scorification leads to the fact the air can't get into to the oxidation zone, reduces the emergence of blowing out the scarfing cinder situation, has improved the stability of gasification equipment operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biomass gasification apparatus according to the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a furnace body; 11. a gas collection zone; 12. a drying zone; 13. a cleavage zone; 14. a reduction zone; 15. an oxidation zone; 16. an ash cooling zone; 161. breaking slag holes; 17. an ash crushing zone; 2. a feed inlet; 31. a grate cap; 32. a grate body; 33. a base; 34. a ash basin; 4. a slag breaking spiral knife plough; 5. a transmission device; 61. an annular air chamber; 62. an annular tuyere; 71. a connecting pipe; 72. a central air duct; 73. a central tuyere; 8. an air outlet; 9. and cooling the water pipe.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the agriculture and forestry biomass gasification device suitable for easy slagging disclosed in the present embodiment includes a furnace body 1 and a cooling system, the furnace body 1 sequentially includes a gas collection area 11, a drying area 12, a cracking area 13, a reduction area 14, an oxidation area 15 and an ash crushing area 17 from top to bottom, a feed inlet 2 is disposed at the middle position of the top of the furnace body 1, two sets of gas outlets 8 are disposed at the top of the furnace body 1, the two sets of gas outlets 8 are located at two sides of the feed inlet 2, a grate device of a water jacket structure is mounted at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and an ash cooling area 16 is separately disposed between the oxidation area 15 and the ash crushing area 17.

The outer side wall of the oxidation zone 15 is fixedly connected with an annular air chamber 61, and the annular air chamber 61 is connected with a plurality of annular air nozzles 62 which are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall of the oxidation zone 15.

The oxidation area 15 is provided with a central air system, the central air system comprises a connecting pipe 71 arranged horizontally and a central air pipe 72 arranged vertically to the connecting pipe 71, the central air pipe 72 is positioned in the spatial central position of the oxidation area 15, and one end of the connecting pipe 71 is connected with the central air pipe 72; the other end of the connecting pipe 71 extends to the outer side of the oxidation zone 15 and is connected with a blower outside the furnace, and a plurality of central air nozzles 73 which are opposite to the annular air nozzle 62 are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the central air pipe 72; the furnace body 1, the central air system and the grate device are respectively connected with the cooling system, and cooling water is forcibly circulated. A plurality of slag breaking holes 161 which are uniformly distributed are arranged outside the ash cooling area 16.

The grate device comprises a grate cap 31, a grate body 32, a base 33 and an ash basin 34 from top to bottom in sequence, the cone angle of the outer side wall of the grate body 32 is 60 degrees, and slag breaking spiral knife plows 4 are arranged at the axial positions of the grate cap 31, the grate body 32 and the base 33; the outer sides of the central air pipe, the connecting pipe, the grate cap and the grate body are all provided with cooling water pipes 9; the bottom of the ash crushing area 17 is provided with a furnace skirt, the furnace skirt is inserted into a water seal of an ash basin 34, and the ash basin 34 is connected with a transmission device 5 through a gear.

The working conditions and principles of the embodiment are as follows:

the biomass raw material is fed into the furnace body 1 from the feeding hole 2, air enters the furnace body 1 through the annular air nozzle 62 and the central air system of the oxidation zone 15 respectively and is subjected to pyrolysis gasification reaction with the biomass raw material, and fuel gas generated by gasification flows from bottom to top in the furnace body 1 and is discharged through the gas outlet 8.

Molten ash generated by oxidation combustion reaction in the furnace gradually falls into the ash cooling area 16 in the deslagging process, is gradually cooled by cooling water in a water jacket of the ash cooling area 16, and is stirred and crushed in the ash crushing area 17 through the grate cap 31, the grate body 32 and the slag breaking spiral knife plough 4 of the base 33, so that the generation of large-sized ash is effectively prevented.

When the gasification device is abnormal in the operation process, the slagging condition in the furnace can be checked in time through the slag breaking hole 161, and manual slag breaking is carried out, so that the safe and stable operation of the gasification device is ensured.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present disclosure.