阅读说明：本技术 一种小口径速射火炮新型磁流变反后坐装置 (Novel magnetorheological recoil preventing device for small-caliber quick-fire gun ) 是由 张红辉 苏杭 邹致远 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种小口径速射火炮新型磁流变反后坐装置,包括外筒、内筒、底座、交指流道系统、活塞组件和复位组件；内筒位于外筒内部,其上端连接在外筒的封闭端上,下端连接在底座上；交指流道系统包括多个外磁靴和多个内磁靴；当励磁线圈通励磁电流时,在内磁靴以及外磁靴之间形成均匀磁场；复位组件包括托板、外壳和复位弹簧；活塞组件包括活塞杆和活塞；本发明能够根据流通槽的结合参数设计降低小口径速射火炮的最大后坐力,能够通过交指流道设计,实现在后坐运动速度开始下降后维持更大的后坐力,确保后坐效率。(The invention discloses a novel magnetorheological recoil device for a small-caliber quick-fire gun, which comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a base, an interdigital flow channel system, a piston assembly and a reset assembly, wherein the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder; the inner cylinder is positioned in the outer cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is connected to the closed end of the outer cylinder, and the lower end of the inner cylinder is connected to the base; the interdigital runner system comprises a plurality of outer magnetic shoes and a plurality of inner magnetic shoes; when the excitation coil is electrified with excitation current, a uniform magnetic field is formed between the inner magnetic shoe and the outer magnetic shoe; the reset assembly comprises a supporting plate, a shell and a reset spring; the piston assembly comprises a piston rod and a piston; the invention can reduce the maximum recoil of the small-caliber quick-firing gun according to the combination parameter design of the circulation groove, can realize the maintenance of larger recoil after the recoil movement speed begins to decrease through the interdigital flow channel design, and ensures the recoil efficiency.)

1. A novel magnetorheological recoil device for a small-caliber quick-fire gun is characterized in that: comprises an outer cylinder (1), an inner cylinder (2), a base (3), an interdigital flow channel system (5), a piston component (6) and a reset component (7);

the upper end of the outer cylinder (1) is closed, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is connected with a base (3); a piston rod through hole (101) is formed in the center of the closed end of the outer cylinder (1);

the inner cylinder (2) is positioned in the outer cylinder (1), the upper end of the inner cylinder is connected to the closed end of the outer cylinder (1), and the lower end of the inner cylinder is connected to the base (3); a gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner barrel (2) and the inner wall of the outer barrel (1); the space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is marked as an outer cavity; magnetorheological fluid is filled in the outer cavity and the inner cylinder (2); the outer wall of the upper end of the inner cylinder (2) is provided with a plurality of circulation holes I (201) communicated with the outer cavity, and the outer wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder (2) is provided with a plurality of circulation holes II (202) communicated with the outer cavity; and the middle part of the outer wall of the inner barrel (2) is provided with a ring groove III (203). The ring groove III (203) is wound with an excitation coil;

an annular limiting table (205) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder (2); the annular limiting table (205) is positioned above the circulation hole II (202); a plurality of circulation grooves (206) are arranged at the joint of the annular limiting table (205) and the inner wall of the inner cylinder (2);

the interdigital runner system (5) comprises a plurality of outer magnetic shoes (501) and a plurality of inner magnetic shoes (502);

the outer magnetic shoe (501) and the inner magnetic shoe (502) are both of annular structures; a plurality of outer magnetic shoes (501) are arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) at intervals; the inner magnetic shoes (502) are arranged on a ring groove III (203) on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2) at intervals; the inner magnetic shoes (502) and the outer magnetic shoes (501) are distributed in a staggered mode, and gaps are reserved between the adjacent inner magnetic shoes (502) and the adjacent outer magnetic shoes (501) to form interdigital flow channels; when the excitation coil is electrified with excitation current, a uniform magnetic field is formed between the inner magnetic shoe (502) and the outer magnetic shoe (501);

the reset assembly (7) comprises a supporting plate (701), a shell (702) and a reset spring (703);

the shell (702) is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end of the shell are both open; the lower end of the shell (702) is connected with the upper end of the outer barrel (1), and the upper end of the shell (702) is connected with a top cover (704); the supporting plate (701) is arranged on the upper end face of the closed end of the outer barrel (1); the return spring (703) is located inside the housing (702) and is pre-compressed between the top cover (704) and the pallet (701);

the piston assembly (6) comprises a piston rod (601) and a piston (602);

the piston (602) is positioned in the inner cylinder (2) and divides the inner cavity of the inner cylinder (2) into an upper cavity and a lower cavity; one end of the piston rod (601) is fixedly connected with the piston (602), and the other end of the piston rod sequentially penetrates through a piston rod through hole (101) of the outer cylinder (1), the supporting plate (701), the return spring (703) and the top cover (704);

an axial limiting step (6011) is arranged at the joint of the piston rod (601) and the supporting plate (701); when the device is in standing, the piston (602) is in contact with an annular limiting table (205) of the inner cylinder (2); when the hydraulic oil cylinder works, the piston (602) moves upwards, the piston rod (601) drives the supporting plate (701) to move upwards, and the return spring (703) is compressed.

2. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: also comprises a dispersing paddle (4);

the dispersing paddle (4) comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of paddles; the rotating shaft penetrates through the base (3) and enters the inner cylinder (2); the paddles are connected to the rotating shaft and located below the annular limiting table (205).

3. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 2, is characterized in that:

the base (3) is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end of the base are both open; a partition plate (301) is arranged inside the base (3); the base (3) is partitioned by the partition plate (301), and a motor accommodating cavity is formed at the lower end of the partition plate (301); the middle part of the clapboard (301) is provided with a rotating shaft through hole (3011); a ring groove II (3012) is processed on the wall of the rotating shaft through hole (3011);

a motor is arranged in the motor accommodating cavity; and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the dispersing paddle (4).

4. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at least one annular groove I (102) is machined in the wall of the piston rod through hole (101), and a sealing element is arranged in each annular groove I (102).

5. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two adjacent outer magnetic shoes (501) are supported by an annular support I (503); two adjacent inner magnetic shoes (502) are supported by an annular support II (504);

the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) is provided with a thin magnetic shoe (505); the thin magnetic shoe (505) is positioned below the interdigital flow channel; the inner diameter of the thin magnetic shoe (505) is larger than that of the outer magnetic shoe (501);

the inner wall of the outer barrel (1) is also provided with a flange annular support piece (506); the flange annular supporting piece (506) is arranged below the thin magnetic shoe (505), and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the end face of the flange annular supporting piece (506) and form a flow passage together with the interdigital flow channel.

6. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the annular support member I (503), the annular support member II (504), the thin magnetic shoe (505) and the flange annular support member (506) are all made of non-magnetic conducting materials.

7. The novel magnetorheological recoil resisting device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer magnetic shoe (501) and the inner magnetic shoe (502) are both made of soft magnetic materials; the outer cylinder (1) is made of a non-magnetic material.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of buffering, and particularly relates to a novel magnetorheological recoil device for a small-caliber quick-fire gun.

Background

The magnetic rheological liquid is one new kind of intelligent material and is prepared with small soft magnetic particle with high magnetic conductivity and low magnetic hysteresis and non-magnetic carrier liquid in certain proportion and through mixing and adding additive to remit its deposition. The magnetorheological fluid presents the Newtonian fluid characteristic of low viscosity under the condition of zero magnetic field, the apparent viscosity is very small, the magnetorheological fluid can be converted into the Bingham body characteristic of high apparent viscosity and low fluidity under the action of a stronger magnetic field, and presents a solid-like form, and the change is quick and reversible. The property makes it have wide application prospect in the field of damping control of shock absorbers, brake devices, aerospace and weaponry.

The magneto-rheological damping device is a damping control device which takes magneto-rheological fluid as a working medium, and the output damping force of the magneto-rheological damping device is controlled by the magnetic field intensity generated by working current. Magnetorheological fluid is used for replacing a working medium of a traditional gun recoil device, and a controllable magnetic field is generated under the action of external current through a corresponding structural design, so that the recoil of a gun is regulated and controlled. The magnetorheological gun recoil device has the advantages of rapid and controllable damping force and the like, but the problem of sedimentation of magnetorheological fluid cannot be thoroughly solved, so that the research of the existing magnetorheological recoil device cannot ensure the long-term service reliability.

The traditional gun recoil preventing device obtains expected recoil by relying on the predesigned liquid flowing hole area change rule of a damping machine, and is difficult to adapt to the changed shooting environment and different charge numbers. The recoil stroke of the small-caliber quick-fire artillery is short, if the maximum recoil is reduced at the recoil initial stage, the flow area of a working medium must be increased, the recoil damping force at the recoil later stage is difficult to lift, the 'platform effect' actually expressed by the recoil force is not obvious, the 'saddle-shaped phenomenon' of a resistance peak value higher than a theoretical calculated value appears at the recoil initial stage and the recoil later stage, and the small-caliber quick-fire artillery carrier is not suitable for the light-weight and unmanned development trend of modern small-caliber artillery carriers. The anti-recoil device is improved, the control effect of recoil resistance is improved, the maximum recoil force is reduced, the shooting precision and stability are improved, and the anti-recoil device has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the novel magnetorheological recoil device for the small-caliber quick-fire artillery comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a base, an interdigital flow channel system, a piston assembly and a reset assembly.

The upper end of the outer barrel is closed, and the lower end of the outer barrel is connected with a base. And a piston rod through hole is formed in the center of the closed end of the outer barrel.

The inner cylinder is positioned in the outer cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is connected to the closed end of the outer cylinder, and the lower end of the inner cylinder is connected to the base. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner barrel and the inner wall of the outer barrel. The space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder is marked as an outer cavity. Magnetorheological fluid is filled in the outer cavity and the inner cylinder. A plurality of circulation holes I communicated with the outer cavity are formed in the outer wall of the upper end of the inner cylinder, and a plurality of circulation holes II communicated with the outer cavity are formed in the outer wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder. And the middle part of the outer wall of the inner barrel is provided with a ring groove III. And the ring groove III is wound with an excitation coil.

And an annular limiting table is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder. The annular limiting table is positioned above the circulation hole II. And a plurality of circulation grooves are arranged at the joint of the annular limiting table and the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

The interdigital runner system comprises a plurality of outer magnetic shoes and a plurality of inner magnetic shoes.

The outer magnetic shoe and the inner magnetic shoe are both of annular structures. The outer magnetic shoes are arranged on the inner wall of the outer barrel at intervals. And a plurality of inner magnetic shoes are arranged on the annular groove III on the outer wall of the inner barrel at intervals. The inner magnetic shoes and the outer magnetic shoes are distributed in a staggered mode, and gaps are reserved between the adjacent inner magnetic shoes and the adjacent outer magnetic shoes to form interdigital flow channels. When the exciting coil is electrified with exciting current, a uniform magnetic field is formed between the inner magnetic shoe and the outer magnetic shoe.

The reset assembly comprises a supporting plate, a shell and a reset spring.

The shell is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end of the shell are both open. The lower end of the shell is connected with the upper end of the outer barrel, and the upper end of the shell is connected with the top cover. The supporting plate is arranged on the upper end face of the closed end of the outer barrel. The return spring is located within the housing and is pre-compressed between the top cover and the platform.

The piston assembly includes a piston rod and a piston.

The piston is positioned in the inner cylinder and divides the inner cavity of the inner cylinder into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. One end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the piston, and the other end of the piston rod penetrates through a piston rod through hole, a supporting plate, a reset spring and a top cover of the outer barrel in sequence.

And the joint of the piston rod and the supporting plate is provided with an axial limiting step. When the device is in standing, the piston is in contact with the annular limiting table of the inner cylinder. When the device works, the piston moves upwards, the piston rod drives the supporting plate to move upwards, and the return spring is compressed.

Further, the device also comprises a dispersing paddle.

The dispersing paddle includes a shaft and a plurality of paddles. The rotating shaft penetrates through the base and enters the inner cylinder. A plurality of the paddles are connected to the rotating shaft and are positioned below the annular limiting table.

Further, the base is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end of the base are both open. The base is internally provided with a partition plate. The base is separated by the partition plate, and a motor accommodating cavity is formed at the lower end of the partition plate. The middle part of the clapboard is provided with a rotating shaft through hole. And a ring groove II is processed on the hole wall of the through hole of the rotating shaft.

And a motor is arranged in the motor accommodating cavity. And an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the dispersing paddle.

Furthermore, at least one annular groove I is machined on the wall of the through hole of the piston rod, and a sealing element is arranged in each annular groove I.

Further, two adjacent outer magnetic shoes are supported by an annular support member I. Two adjacent inner magnetic shoes are supported by an annular supporting piece II.

The inner wall of the outer barrel is provided with a thin magnetic shoe. The thin magnetic shoe is positioned below the interdigital runner. The inner diameter of the thin magnetic shoe is larger than that of the outer magnetic shoe.

And the inner wall of the outer barrel is also provided with a flange annular supporting piece. The flange annular supporting piece is arranged below the thin magnetic shoe, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the end face of the flange annular supporting piece and form a flow passage together with the interdigital flow channel.

Further, the annular support member I, the annular support member II, the thin magnetic shoe and the flange annular support member are all made of non-magnetic conductive materials.

Further, the outer magnetic shoe and the inner magnetic shoe are both made of soft magnetic materials. The outer cylinder is made of a non-magnetic material.

When the cannon is launched and the magnetorheological anti-recoil device works, the piston rod generates axial reciprocating motion under the pulling of recoil quality, the maximum recoil speed is quickly reached under the reasonable action of the cannon chamber in the early stage of recoil motion, and the recoil force is also maximum at the moment. In order to reduce the maximum recoil of the magnetorheological anti-recoil device, the geometric structure of the circulation groove on the inner cylinder can reduce the maximum recoil of the anti-recoil device. The maximum recoil speed, namely after the maximum recoil point passes, the recoil force of the small-caliber quick-firing gun is reduced along with the recoil speed, so that the recoil efficiency is not high. At the moment, the piston of the magnetorheological anti-recoil device is matched with the inner wall of the inner cylinder after passing through the area of the circulation groove of the inner cylinder, all magnetorheological fluid is forced to pass through the circulation hole I of the inner cylinder, so that the magnetorheological fluid is squeezed into the flow gap of the interdigital flow channel, and under the action of the excitation coil on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, the strong magnetic fields in the outer magnetic shoe and the inner magnetic shoe in the interdigital flow channel control the flow of the magnetorheological fluid, so that huge recoil is realized when the recoil speed is reduced, and the recoil efficiency is improved.

When the artillery is not in a launching state and stands still, under the action of the pretightening force of the return spring, the piston is seated on the annular limiting table of the inner cylinder and does not stand still, and at the moment, the piston is located in the area of the circulation groove of the inner cylinder, so that the circulation groove, the lower cavity, the circulation hole II, the interdigital flow channel, the circulation hole I, the upper cavity and the circulation groove form a closed flow passage. When the settlement of the magnetorheological fluid in the lower cavity of the inner cylinder is monitored to a certain degree, or a motor in the base is triggered at a reasonable time interval according to the settlement characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid, the dispersing paddle is driven to rotate to generate a pump effect, so that the magnetorheological fluid is enabled to generate a global flow channel, the redispersion of the magnetorheological fluid is realized, and the long-term service reliability of the magnetorheological anti-recoil device is ensured.

The technical effect of the invention is undoubted, and the invention has the following advantages:

1) the maximum recoil of the small-caliber quick-firing artillery can be reduced according to the combination parameter design of the circulation groove.

2) Through the design of the interdigital flow channel, the sitting-back force can be maintained after the sitting-back movement speed begins to fall, and the sitting-back efficiency is ensured.

3) The settlement state of the magnetorheological fluid can be interfered in the static state that the cannon does not shoot, the settled magnetorheological fluid can be redispersed through the rotation of the dispersing paddle, and the failure of the magnetorheological anti-recoil device caused by the settlement problem of the magnetorheological fluid can be avoided.

4) The invention has simple structure, easy realization and high reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the outer cylinder;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a base;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the inner barrel;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an interdigitated runner system;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a reset assembly;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the piston assembly.

In the figure: the outer cylinder 1, a piston rod through hole 101, a ring groove I102, an annular flange 103, an annular groove I104, a limit step I105, an inner cylinder 2, a circulation hole I201, a circulation hole II202, a ring groove III203, a limit step II204, an annular limit table 205, a circulation groove 206, a base 3, a partition plate 301, a rotating shaft through hole 3011, a ring groove II3012, an annular groove II3013, a dispersing paddle 4, an interdigital flow channel system 5, an outer magnetic shoe 501, an inner magnetic shoe 502, an annular support I503, an annular support II504, a thin magnetic shoe 505, a flange annular support 506, a piston assembly 6, a piston rod 601, an axial limit step 6011, a piston 602, a fastening nut 603, a reset assembly 7, a supporting plate 701, a shell 702, a reset spring 703 and a top cover 704.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.