阅读说明：本技术 一种治理互花米草并恢复芦苇的方法 (Method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds ) 是由 陈雪初 孙鹏 陆金忠 陈海英 李蕙 吴菲儿 戴禹杭 田鹏 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种治理互花米草并恢复芦苇的方法,属于生态工程技术领域。本发明所述治理方法包括以下步骤：1)在互花米草控制区域对互花米草植被带进行刈割,得到预处理的互花米草控制区域和刈割后的互花米草残体,将刈割后的互花米草残体粉碎,得到粉碎后的互花米草残体；2)将土覆盖在预处理的互花米草控制区域上,覆盖至表层距低潮线3m以上,对覆盖土后的互花米草控制区域进行固定,得到固定后的互花米草控制区域；3)将粉碎后的互花米草残体铺设在固定后的互花米草控制区域表层,深翻；4)深翻后种植成株芦苇,投加蟹类。本发明所述治理方法操作简便、环境友好、生态安全且长期有效。(The invention relates to a method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds, belonging to the technical field of ecological engineering. The treatment method comprises the following steps: 1) mowing the spartina alterniflora vegetation zone in the spartina alterniflora control area to obtain a pre-processed spartina alterniflora control area and mowed spartina alterniflora residues, and crushing the mowed spartina alterniflora residues to obtain crushed spartina alterniflora residues; 2) covering soil on the pretreated spartina alterniflora control area until the distance between the surface layer and the low tide line is more than 3m, and fixing the spartina alterniflora control area covered with soil to obtain a fixed spartina alterniflora control area; 3) laying the crushed spartina alterniflora residue on the surface layer of the fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and deeply turning; 4) planting adult reed after deep turning, and adding crabs. The treatment method is simple and convenient to operate, environment-friendly, ecological, safe and effective for a long time.)

1. A method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds comprises the following steps:

1) mowing the spartina alterniflora vegetation zone in the spartina alterniflora control area to obtain a pre-processed spartina alterniflora control area and mowed spartina alterniflora residues, and crushing the mowed spartina alterniflora residues to obtain crushed spartina alterniflora residues;

2) covering soil on the pretreated spartina alterniflora control area until the distance between the surface layer and the low tide line is more than 3m, and fixing the spartina alterniflora control area covered with soil to obtain a fixed spartina alterniflora control area;

3) laying the crushed spartina alterniflora residue on the surface layer of the fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and deeply turning;

4) planting adult reed after deep turning, and adding crabs.

2. The remediation method of claim 1 wherein step 1) said spartina alterniflora control area comprises the midtidal zone of the intertidal zone.

3. A method of remediation according to claim 1 wherein the mowing of step 1) is operated during periods of clear, low tide.

4. The remediation method of claim 1 wherein the source of said soil of step 2) comprises river dredged soil or soil from tidal ditches excavated within an intertidal zone.

5. A remediation method according to claim 1 wherein the immobilisation material of step 2) comprises pine stumps.

6. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein reed planting is carried out 6-10 days after the laying in the step 3).

7. A treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the planting of step 4) is in early may.

8. A treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the density of the plants of step 4) is increased>5 strains/m²What is, what isThe height of the overground part of the adult reed is more than 20 cm.

9. The treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the crab is released in the step 4)>2 pieces/m²。

10. The remediation method of claim 1 further comprising applying a growth promoting agent of reed after said planting of step 4).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological engineering, in particular to a method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds.

Background

Spartina alterniflora Loisel is a perennial herb of the grass family, the genus Spartina, with the underground part consisting of short and fine fibrous roots and rhizomes and a well-developed root system. The spartina alterniflora source is produced on the coast of the Atlantic ocean in North America, China introduces the spartina alterniflora source in 1979 to obtain a certain economic value, but the ecological system of the local coast is threatened due to the extremely strong reproductive capacity of the spartina alterniflora source, so that the large sheet of the halobios disappears, the inhabiting environment of offshore organisms is damaged, and a series of hazards such as beach culture are influenced.

There are currently many methods for the control of spartina alterniflora, mainly physical (mowing by manual or mechanical means, flooding of the dike, breaking of the roots, covering), chemical (chemical herbicides). Although these measures can have a certain recovery effect, there are corresponding problems. The physical method has the disadvantages of huge input manpower and material resources, repeated harvesting and large time span. Chemical methods usually only remove the above-ground parts, have poor effect on the underground parts, and the residual chemical substances have great harm to microorganisms in the soil and can destroy the chemical balance of the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds. The treatment method can solve the problems of single biodiversity and high treatment cost of the invasive spartina alterniflora vegetation zone, and can restore the original ecology while controlling the expansion of the spartina alterniflora.

The invention provides a method for treating spartina alterniflora, which comprises the following steps:

1) mowing the spartina alterniflora vegetation zone in the spartina alterniflora control area to obtain a pre-processed spartina alterniflora control area and mowed spartina alterniflora residues, and crushing the mowed spartina alterniflora residues to obtain crushed spartina alterniflora residues;

2) covering soil on the pretreated spartina alterniflora control area until the surface layer has a low tide line of more than 3m, and fixing the spartina alterniflora control area covered with soil to obtain a fixed spartina alterniflora control area;

3) laying the crushed spartina alterniflora residue on the surface layer of the fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and deeply turning;

4) planting adult reed after deep turning, and adding crabs.

Preferably, the spartina alterniflora control area of step 1) comprises the midtidal zone of the intertidal zone.

Preferably, the mowing in the step 1) is operated in a sunny and low-tide time period.

Preferably, the soil source in step 2) includes dredged soil from river channels or soil obtained by digging tidal ditches in intertidal zones.

Preferably, the fixing material in step 2) comprises pine piles.

Preferably, reed planting is carried out 6-10 days after the laying in the step 3).

Preferably, the planting time in step 4) is in May.

Preferably, the planting density of the step 4) is more than 5 plants/m²The height of the overground part of the adult reed is more than 20 cm.

Preferably, the crab is put in the step 4)>2 pieces/m²。

Preferably, after the planting in the step 4), a reed growth promoter is applied.

The invention provides a method for treating spartina alterniflora. Because the high-tide area is not suitable for the growth of the spartina alterniflora, from the aspect of protecting ecology, the elevation of the base of the original low-tide area is improved by changing the topographic features of the vegetation zone, adult reeds are introduced, the growth of reed plants is promoted by utilizing the growth promoter, and meanwhile, crabs are introduced to eat spartina alterniflora buds, so that the spartina alterniflora cannot be rapidly propagated, but the reeds can normally grow, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the biodiversity and restoring the original ecological environment. The treatment method is an ecological engineering technology which is simple and convenient to operate, environment-friendly, ecological and safe, and effective for a long time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a design diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for spartina alterniflora treatment and reed recovery, which comprises the following steps:

1) mowing the spartina alterniflora vegetation zone in the spartina alterniflora control area to obtain a pre-processed spartina alterniflora control area and mowed spartina alterniflora residues, and crushing the mowed spartina alterniflora residues to obtain crushed spartina alterniflora residues;

2) covering soil on the pretreated spartina alterniflora control area until the soil surface layer is more than 3m away from the low tide line, fixing the spartina alterniflora control area covered with the soil to obtain a fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and forming an ecological patch suitable for growth of reeds;

3) laying the crushed spartina alterniflora residue on the surface layer of the fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and deeply turning;

4) planting adult reed after deep turning, and adding crabs.

The method mows the spartina alterniflora vegetation zone in the spartina alterniflora control area to obtain the pre-processed spartina alterniflora control area and the mowed spartina alterniflora residue, and crushes the mowed spartina alterniflora residue to obtain the crushed spartina alterniflora residue. In the invention, the spartina alterniflora control area preferably comprises a middle tide zone of an intertidal zone, and particularly is an 1/3-1/2 area which is invaded by spartina alterniflora and has a higher middle tide zone with a growing spartina alterniflora vegetation zone. In the present invention, the mowing is preferably operated during periods of clear, low tide. The method of mowing and shredding is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a conventional mowing and shredding method well known to those skilled in the art may be employed.

Covering soil on the pretreated spartina alterniflora control area until the surface layer has a low tide line of more than 3m, and fixing the spartina alterniflora control area covered with soil to obtain a fixed spartina alterniflora control area; in the invention, the source of the soil preferably comprises river channel dredged soil or soil obtained by digging a tidal trench in an intertidal zone, and the soil is preferably selected from soil which is soft in soil and high in organic matter content. The method uses the river dredged soil as a treatment material, can utilize the solid waste of the river dredged soil, and can provide necessary protection for reeds by combining the influence of seawater tide level on spartina alterniflora. The soil required by the invention is the dredged soil of a river channel or the soil excavated in an intertidal zone, the environment is not required to be damaged for taking the soil, the economic and energy-saving benefits are achieved, and the dual targets of inhibiting the spartina alterniflora and recovering the reeds can be simultaneously achieved. The thickness of the covering is preferably 40-75 cm. In the present invention, the fixing material preferably includes pine stumps, cedar stumps, and the like. The method for covering the soil is not particularly limited, and the soil can be covered by a conventional covering method, preferably in an island shape, and the outer layer is preferably fixed by pine piles.

Laying the crushed spartina alterniflora residue on the surface layer of the fixed spartina alterniflora control area, and deeply turning. The deep ploughing can improve the content of surface nutrient substances. In the invention, the reed is preferably planted 6-10 days after the laying, and more preferably 7 days after the laying. The operation of deep-turning is not particularly limited by the present invention, and conventional deep-turning methods and depths well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

After deep ploughing, reed is planted and crabs are added. In the present invention, the planting time is preferably in May. In the present invention, the planting density is preferably > 5 plants/m²The height of the overground part of the planted reed is preferably more than 20cm, and more preferably more than 30 cm. In the present invention, the crabs are preferably local crabs including mitten crabs, tidal crabs,Square crabs and the like, the input amount is more than 2 crabs/m². The method for capturing the crabs is not particularly limited, and the crabs can be captured by a crab capturing method known by a person skilled in the art, such as a trap bucket. The addition of the crabs can realize secondary removal of the spartina alterniflora, and the crabs can eat the spartina alterniflora buds to prevent and control secondary invasion of the spartina alterniflora. In the present invention, after the planting, it is preferable to further include applying a growth promoter of reed. The species of the growth promoter for reed in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventional commercially available growth promoter for reed known to those skilled in the art, such as indoleacetic acid, may be used. The invention utilizes the shading effect of the reed to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of the spartina alterniflora.

Aiming at the protection of planting native reeds and the influence of the tidal water position on the spartina alterniflora, the invention controls the new buds of the spartina alterniflora by increasing the base elevation of the intertidal zone and leading in crabs.

The method for treating spartina alterniflora and recovering reeds of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, and the technical solutions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.