阅读说明：本技术 一种黄花菜种植方法 (Day lily planting method ) 是由 谢铁军 于 2020-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种黄花菜种植方法,包括下列步骤：第一步,规划种植基地；选择土壤中性或微酸性、质地疏松、排水方便的土地；第二步,选择品种及育苗：黄花菜生产品种的选用,要因地制宜；选择具有抗性强、品质优、产量较高的优良品种；第三步,采用宽行窄株种植；第四步,施肥浇水；第五步,病害防护：第六步,采收。本发明的种植方法提高了耕地的使用率,并能够保证种植在种植系统的种植穴中的黄花菜都能够接收到足够的阳光、水分和养分,并且其投资少、效益高、操作简单易行。(A daylily planting method comprises the following steps: firstly, planning a planting base; selecting a land which is neutral or slightly acidic in soil, loose in texture and convenient to drain; secondly, selecting varieties and raising seedlings: the production variety of the daylily is selected according to local conditions; selecting a good variety with strong resistance, good quality and high yield; thirdly, planting by adopting wide rows and narrow plants; fourthly, fertilizing and watering; fifthly, disease protection: and sixthly, harvesting. The planting method of the invention improves the utilization rate of the cultivated land, can ensure that the day lily planted in the planting holes of the planting system can receive enough sunlight, moisture and nutrients, and has the advantages of low investment, high benefit and simple and easy operation.)

1. A daylily planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps: step one, planning a planting base: selecting a land which is neutral or slightly acidic in soil, loose in texture and convenient to drain; secondly, selecting varieties and raising seedlings: the production variety of the daylily is selected according to local conditions; selecting a good variety with strong resistance, good quality and high yield; thirdly, planting; reasonably and densely planting the plants by adopting wide rows and narrow plants; alternating wide rows and narrow rows, wherein the wide rows are required to be 80cm, the narrow rows are required to be 50cm, the hole distance is 40-50 cm, 2-4 individual plant branches are planted in each hole, the distance between the individual plants in each hole is 10-15 cm, and the planting depth is 10-15 cm; step four, fertilizing and watering: the daylily requires applying enough base fertilizer, applying seedling fertilizer early, applying bolting fertilizer again and applying bud fertilizer; the garden soil is kept wet frequently; fifthly, disease protection: controlling according to a conventional method; and sixthly, harvesting.

2. A method of growing daylily as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, before planting, the land is deeply ploughed, the land is broken and leveled, base fertilizer is applied, livestock and poultry fertilizer is applied, and then surface layer mellow soil is laid.

3. A method of growing daylily as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the second step: adopting a plant division propagation method; the method specifically comprises the steps of selecting perennial yellow flowers which grow vigorously, have multiple tillers on a single plant, have robust seedling plants and are free of diseases and insects, digging out a part or all of rootstocks from a stock plant cluster, shaking off soil, cutting off old roots and diseased roots at the lower parts of the rootstocks, separating the rootstocks one by one, scraping off tawny coats around the rootstocks to expose main lateral buds, and planting 2-3 layers of new roots of each rootstock in a field.

4. A method of growing daylily as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the fourth step, in order to promote the early growth and the quick growth of the day lily, the seedling fertilizer is applied appropriately and early, and decomposed human excrement and potassium chloride are applied when spring seedlings germinate; the bolting period of the day lily is an important period for transferring from a vegetative growth period to reproductive growth, more fertilizer is needed in the period, bolting fertilizer is applied again, and 300 kg-450 kg of urea and 75kg of potassium chloride are applied in combination with intertillage per hm2 7 days-10 days before bolting of the day lily; in order to prevent the day lily from getting fattened and senilising, improve the bud forming rate, prolong the picking period and increase the yield, the bud fertilizer is applied 20 days before picking, and 75-90kg of urea is applied per hm 2; and stopping applying the fertilizer 15 days before harvesting.

5. The daylily planting method of claim 4, wherein: in the fourth step, the garden soil is kept wet frequently; particularly, the flower buds are sensitive to moisture in the bolting period and the bud period, severe bud drop can be caused by water shortage in the period, watering is carried out in time according to soil moisture content for drought control, the water holding capacity of the soil is kept about 75%, and yield reduction caused by drought is avoided; meanwhile, if long-term rainfall occurs, the ditch cleaning work is needed, open water is drained timely, the underground water level is lowered, and the production reduction caused by waterlogging is avoided.

6. The daylily planting method of claim 5, wherein: in the fifth step, in order to promote the robust growth of plants, reduce flower bud falling and prolong the leaf function in the bolting initial stage of the day lily, leaf fertilizers can be sprayed to protect the flower buds, and 60kg of water is sprayed with fertilizer solution of Yuntang-120 or 1 percent of urea and 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate or 60ml of novel plant growth regulator thidiazuron.

7. The daylily planting method of claim 5, wherein: in the fifth step, the disease control is that the chemical agent can be used for controlling the leaf spot, and 600 times of liquid of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder can be used for spraying, or 600 times of liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder can be used for spraying for 2 times; the rust can be sprayed for 2 times by using 500 times of 25 percent triadimefon wettable powder or 500 times of 50 percent zineb wettable powder; the leaf blight is sprayed for 2 times by using 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 500 times of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc wettable powder, and red spiders and aphids can be sprayed for 1 time per week by using 2000 times of biological pesticide tebufenpyrad; the chafer can be sprayed with 1000 times of 90% crystal dipterex liquid.

8. A method of growing daylily as claimed in claim 7, wherein: harvesting in the sixth step from the bottom of 6 months to the bottom of 8 months generally; pesticide residue detection is carried out before harvesting, and harvesting is carried out after the sanitary standard of pollution-free vegetables is met.

9. A method of growing daylily according to claim 8, wherein: if the method is used for drying day lily, the day lily should be picked when flower buds are full, bud is not in place, the middle part of the flower buds are golden yellow, two ends are green, and purple spots on the top end are faded.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a daylily planting method.

Background

The daylily also called lemon hemerocallis, day lily and forgetful grass is a perennial herb of liliaceae, the root of the daylily is close to the flesh, the middle lower part of the daylily often swells like a spindle, scapes are different in length, the pedicel is short, flowers are numerous, and the flower quilt is faint yellow, orange red or black purple; the capsule has a triangular prism shape and an oval shape. Because of various varieties, flowers exist in four seasons, and the flower can be decorated with flowers and plants for viewing in family courtyards, is a treasure in flower gardening and has high viewing value; the dried flower can be eaten, contains rich pollen, sugar, protein, vitamin C, calcium, fat, carotene and the like, and can moisten the skin, enhance the toughness and elasticity of the skin, make the skin tender, plump, smooth and soft, reduce wrinkles, fade out color spots and add beauty after being eaten frequently; the daylily has a high medicinal value, flowers, stems, leaves and roots of the daylily can be used as medicines, the daylily is sweet and cool in nature and taste, has the effects of nourishing blood and calming the liver, inducing diuresis to reduce edema, stopping bleeding, diminishing inflammation, clearing heat, promoting diuresis, helping digestion, improving eyesight, soothing nerves and the like, has a good curative effect on hematemesis, hematochezia, urinary obstruction, insomnia, galactostasis and the like, and can be used as a tonic after illness or postpartum; in addition, the day lily has certain functions in the aspects of resisting bacteria, immunizing, diminishing inflammation, detoxifying, preventing infection and the like. The day lily is one of flower vegetables loved by people due to rich food therapy and health care functions, but fresh day lily contains a colchicine substance which is toxic, is oxidized into bicolchicine in vivo after being absorbed by gastrointestinal tracts, has higher toxicity, and can be eaten after dehydration treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the daylily planting method which is low in investment, high in benefit and simple and easy to operate.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a daylily planting method comprises the following steps:

step one, planning a planting base: selecting a land which is neutral or slightly acidic in soil, loose in texture and convenient to drain;

secondly, selecting varieties and raising seedlings: the production variety of the daylily is selected according to local conditions; selecting a good variety with strong resistance, good quality and high yield;

thirdly, planting; reasonably and densely planting the plants by adopting wide rows and narrow plants; alternating wide rows and narrow rows, wherein the wide rows are required to be 80cm, the narrow rows are required to be 50cm, the hole distance is 40-50 cm, 2-4 individual plant branches are planted in each hole, the distance between the individual plants in each hole is 10-15 cm, and the planting depth is 10-15 cm;

step four, fertilizing and watering: the daylily requires applying enough base fertilizer, applying seedling fertilizer early, applying bolting fertilizer again and applying bud fertilizer; the garden soil is kept wet frequently;

fifthly, disease protection: controlling according to a conventional method;

and sixthly, harvesting.

Further, before planting, deep ploughing the land, breaking and leveling the land, applying base fertilizer, applying livestock and poultry fertilizer, and then spreading the surface layer mellow soil.

Further, a plant division propagation method is adopted; the method specifically comprises the steps of selecting perennial yellow flowers which grow vigorously, have multiple tillers on a single plant, have robust seedling plants and are free of diseases and insects, digging out a part or all of rootstocks from a stock plant cluster, shaking off soil, cutting off old roots and diseased roots at the lower parts of the rootstocks, separating the rootstocks one by one, scraping off tawny coats around the rootstocks to expose main lateral buds, and planting 2-3 layers of new roots of each rootstock in a field.

Further, in the fourth step, in order to promote the early growth and the quick growth of the day lily, the seedling fertilizer is applied appropriately and early, and decomposed human excrement and potassium chloride are applied when spring seedlings germinate; the bolting period of the day lily is an important period for transferring from a vegetative growth period to reproductive growth, more fertilizer is needed in the period, bolting fertilizer is applied again, and 300 kg-450 kg of urea and 75kg of potassium chloride are applied in combination with intertillage per hm2 7 days-10 days before bolting of the day lily; in order to prevent the day lily from getting fattened and senilising, improve the bud forming rate, prolong the picking period and increase the yield, the bud fertilizer is applied 20 days before picking, and 75-90kg of urea is applied per hm 2; and stopping applying the fertilizer 15 days before harvesting.

Furthermore, in the fourth step, the garden soil is kept wet frequently; particularly, the flower buds are sensitive to moisture in the bolting period and the bud period, severe bud drop can be caused by water shortage in the period, watering is carried out in time according to soil moisture content for drought control, the water holding capacity of the soil is kept about 75%, and yield reduction caused by drought is avoided; meanwhile, if long-term rainfall occurs, the ditch cleaning work is needed, open water is drained timely, the underground water level is lowered, and the production reduction caused by waterlogging is avoided.

Furthermore, in the fifth step, in order to promote the robust growth of plants, reduce flower bud falling and prolong the leaf function in the bolting initial stage of the day lily, leaf fertilizers can be sprayed to protect the buds, and 60kg of water is sprayed with-120 percent of Yuda or 1 percent of urea and 0.2 percent of monopotassium phosphate fertilizer solution or 60ml of novel plant growth regulator thidiazuron.

Further, in the fifth step, the disease control is that the chemical agent can be used for controlling the leaf spot, and 600 times of liquid spraying of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder can be used for spraying, or 600 times of liquid spraying of 70% mancozeb wettable powder can be used for 2 times; the rust can be sprayed for 2 times by using 500 times of 25 percent triadimefon wettable powder or 500 times of 50 percent zineb wettable powder; the leaf blight is sprayed for 2 times by using 600 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder or 500 times of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc wettable powder, and red spiders and aphids can be sprayed for 1 time per week by using 2000 times of biological pesticide tebufenpyrad; the chafer can be sprayed with 1000 times of 90% crystal dipterex liquid.

Furthermore, the harvesting time is generally from the bottom of 6 months to the bottom of 8 months; pesticide residue detection is carried out before harvesting, and harvesting is carried out after the sanitary standard of pollution-free vegetables is met;

furthermore, if the method is used for drying day lily, the day lily should be picked best when flower buds are full, bud is not placed, the middle part of the flower buds is golden yellow, two ends are green, and purple spots on the top end are faded.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the reasonable planting system of the day lily is arranged, the utilization rate of cultivated land is improved, the day lily planted in the planting holes of the planting system can be guaranteed to receive enough sunlight, water and nutrients, the investment is low, the benefit is high, and the operation is simple and easy.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.