阅读说明：本技术 一种改性abs材料及其制备方法 (Modified ABS material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 邵军 赵金灿 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改性ABS材料及其制备方法,按质量百分计,其制备原料包括以下组分：50～70％的ABS树脂、8～21％的ASA树脂、5～13％的超高分子量聚乙烯、6～15％苯乙烯、1～5％聚苯醚、3～7％苯乙烯接枝马来酸酐共聚物、0.8～2.5％的乙撑双硬脂酰胺。本发明所制备得到具有高抗冲击性、耐老化性好、与涂料附着性佳、耐磨、耐腐蚀等性能的ABS改性材料,赋予了ABS更高的经济价值,满足了制造高性能材料的高要求。(The invention discloses a modified ABS material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the modified ABS material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-70% of ABS resin, 8-21% of ASA resin, 5-13% of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, 6-15% of styrene, 1-5% of polyphenyl ether, 3-7% of styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer and 0.8-2.5% of ethylene bis stearamide. The ABS modified material prepared by the invention has the advantages of high impact resistance, good aging resistance, good paint adhesion, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, endows ABS with higher economic value, and meets the high requirement for manufacturing high-performance materials.)

1. A modified ABS material is characterized in that: the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of ABS resin, 8-21% of ASA resin, 5-13% of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, 6-15% of styrene, 1-5% of polyphenyl ether, 3-7% of styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer and 0.8-2.5% of ethylene bis stearamide.

2. A method for preparing the modified ABS material according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively drying ABS resin and ASA resin at 80 ℃ for 8h in vacuum; vacuum drying polyphenylene oxide at 120 deg.C for 3 hr;

(2) mixing ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, adding the mixture into a vacuum reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, and then swelling for 30min at 100 ℃ to obtain an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene primary swelling solution;

(3) adding excessive ethanol into the initial swelling solution of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, filtering to obtain initial swelling ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, then adding ethylene bis stearamide and petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution into the initial swelling ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, uniformly stirring at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic radiation swelling for 1h to obtain an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene mixed swelling system, wherein the mass ratio of the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution to the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is 14:1, and the mass ratio of the petroleum ether to the ethyl acetate in the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution is 1: 2.73;

(4) adding the dried polyphenyl ether into styrene, uniformly mixing, and swelling at 75 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain swelled polyphenyl ether;

(5) uniformly mixing the dried ABS resin, ASA resin, styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer and swollen polyphenyl ether, and conveying the mixture to a double-screw extruder for melting to obtain a pre-melt substance;

(6) and (3) carrying out heating and melting and vacuumizing treatment on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mixed swelling system, then conveying the obtained melt to a double-screw extruder to be melted and mixed with the pre-melt, and then carrying out injection molding extrusion by the double-screw extruder to obtain the modified ABS material.

3. The method for preparing a modified ABS material according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 200-220 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of macromolecules, in particular to a modified ABS material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is a thermoplastic polymer material with good corrosion resistance, rigidity and transparency, and is widely used for manufacturing cosmetic packaging containers at present, but it also has the defects of poor impact resistance, brittleness at low temperature, easy aging and the like, resulting in poor comprehensive physical properties and mechanical properties of the existing packaging containers made of ABS as a raw material, and failing to meet the increasing market demands.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a modified ABS material and a preparation method thereof, so that the ABS modified material with high impact resistance, good aging resistance, good paint adhesion, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties can be prepared, higher economic value is given to ABS, and high requirements for manufacturing high-performance materials are met.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the modified ABS material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50-70% of ABS resin, 8-21% of ASA resin, 5-13% of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, 6-15% of styrene, 1-5% of polyphenyl ether, 3-7% of styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer and 0.8-2.5% of ethylene bis stearamide.

A preparation method of a modified ABS material comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively drying ABS resin and ASA resin at 80 ℃ for 8h in vacuum; vacuum drying polyphenylene oxide at 120 deg.C for 3 hr;

(2) mixing ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 9, adding the mixture into a vacuum reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, and then swelling for 30min at 100 ℃ to obtain an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene primary swelling solution;

the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has excellent wear resistance, low temperature resistance, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, chemical stability and self-lubricating property, but because the molecular weight is more than 100 ten thousand, molecular chains are mutually entangled, so that the melt viscosity of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is high, the flow is difficult, and the processing difficulty is high. In the step, xylene is adopted to carry out primary swelling on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, xylene molecules continuously enter the chain segment network of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, so that the distance between molecular chains is continuously increased, the entangled part is continuously unwound, the subsequent swelling is facilitated through primary swelling treatment, in addition, the swelling effect of the xylene on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is good, and the swelling time of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene can be shortened;

(3) adding excessive ethanol into the initial swelling solution of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, filtering to obtain initial swelling ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, then adding ethylene bis stearamide and petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution into the initial swelling ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, uniformly stirring at room temperature, and performing ultrasonic radiation swelling for 1h to obtain an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene mixed swelling system, wherein the mass ratio of the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution to the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is 14:1, and the mass ratio of the petroleum ether to the ethyl acetate in the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution is 1: 2.73;

in the step, after xylene in the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene primary swelling solution is dissolved in ethanol and removed, the distance between molecular chains of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is still larger, when ethylene bis-stearamide and petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution are introduced, the ethylene bis-stearamide can be completely dissolved in the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution, the ethylene bis-stearamide molecules contain C ═ O double bonds, the petroleum ether molecules contain benzene rings, the ethyl acetate also contains C ═ O double bonds, intermolecular forces and conjugate effects among the ethylene bis-stearamide, the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate can form a stable system, the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution as a swelling agent can further swell the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is primarily swelled by the xylene, the re-swelling time can be shortened, more importantly, under the ultrasonic radiation state, the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate can promote part of ethylene bis-stearamide to enter the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene molecular chain network while entering the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene molecular chain network, and the rest part of ethylene bis-stearamide is dissolved in the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution to form uniform dispersion with the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene particles, so that the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is further swelled while the dispersion uniformity of the ethylene bis-stearamide in the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is promoted, the fluidity of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene during melting is improved, and the processing performance is improved;

(4) adding the dried polyphenyl ether into styrene, uniformly mixing, and swelling at 75 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain swelled polyphenyl ether;

ABS must be coated with paint after injection molding into packaging containers such as caps, tubes, etc., the surface properties of ABS as a substrate have a great influence on the coating effect, if the surface energy of the substrate is low, the wetting and adhesion of the paint on the substrate are not facilitated, and if the crystallinity of the plastic is high, the adhesion of the paint is also influenced. Polyphenylene ether is an amorphous resin, maintains good mechanical properties over a wide temperature range, and has extremely high surface energy (surface energy of 47dynes/cm), and thus can be used to improve the surface energy of ABS. However, since polyphenylene ether resins have poor melt flowability and are difficult to be processed by heat molding, it is necessary to improve the flowability. In the step, the styrene is used as a swelling agent to swell the polyphenyl ether, so that the mobility of a polyphenyl ether molecular chain can be increased, and the mobility of polyphenyl ether melt can be further promoted; in addition, styrene is uniformly dispersed in a polyphenylene oxide molecular chain network, and the ABS resin and the ASA resin both contain styrene structures in molecules, so that the compatibility of the polyphenylene oxide with the ABS resin and the ASA resin in subsequent processing can be improved;

(5) uniformly mixing the dried ABS resin, ASA resin, styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer and swollen polyphenyl ether, and conveying the mixture to a double-screw extruder for melting to obtain a pre-melt substance;

compared with ABS, the ASA resin is a graft copolymer of an acrylate rubber body, acrylonitrile and styrene, and because double-bond-free acrylate rubber is introduced to replace butadiene rubber, the weather resistance is substantially changed and is about 10 times higher than that of ABS, and other mechanical properties, processing performance, electric insulation performance and chemical corrosion resistance are similar to that of ABS, so that the ASA resin can be used as an aging resistant agent to improve the aging resistance of an ABS modified material. In the step, the compatibility of the ABS resin and the ASA resin is good, the styrene grafted maleic anhydride copolymer as a compatilizer can further improve the compatibility of the polyphenyl ether with the ABS resin and the ASA resin, and simultaneously can promote the compatibility of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with the ABS resin and the ASA resin after the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is added subsequently;

(6) and (3) carrying out heating and melting and vacuumizing treatment on the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene mixed swelling system, then conveying the obtained melt to a double-screw extruder to be melted and mixed with the pre-melt, and then carrying out injection molding extrusion by the double-screw extruder to obtain the modified ABS material.

In the step, the boiling points of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate are low, and the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate volatilize from the mixed swelling system of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene during heating and are removed by vacuumizing.

In the step (6), the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 200-220 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) xylene is used as a swelling agent, so that on one hand, the initial swelling of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene can be completed in a short time, the swelling is rapid, the swelling effect is good, on the other hand, the initially swollen ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene can be subjected to solvent removal treatment to become a precursor similar to subsequent swelling, and the subsequent swelling time can be shortened;

(2) under the ultrasonic radiation state, mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene bis-stearamide and the petroleum ether-ethyl acetate mixed solution for swelling, enabling part of the ethylene bis-stearamide to enter an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molecular chain network in a swelling form through intermolecular force and conjugate effect among the ethylene bis-stearamide, the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate molecules, and enabling the rest part of the ethylene bis-stearamide to be uniformly dispersed with the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene polymer particles, so that the dispersion uniformity of the ethylene bis-stearamide is greatly improved, the melt flow of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is facilitated, the ethylene bis-stearamide can be fully melt and mixed with other components, and the impact resistance of a final product is improved;

(3) styrene is used as a swelling agent to swell polyphenyl ether, so that the melt flowability of the polyphenyl ether can be improved, the compatibility of the polyphenyl ether with ABS resin and ASA resin can be improved, the compatibility of a product with a surface coating is improved, and the adhesive force of the coating is improved;

(4) according to the ABS modified material, the ABS modified material with high impact resistance, good aging resistance, good paint adhesion, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties is prepared by reasonably optimizing the proportion of the components, taking ASA resin as an aging resistant agent, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a toughening agent and polyphenyl ether as a surface energy modifier, so that the ABS modified material is endowed with higher economic value and meets the high requirement for manufacturing high-performance materials.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments: