阅读说明：本技术 一种非熔融烟化挥发锡的设备及方法 (Equipment and method for non-melting fuming volatile tin ) 是由 宋兴诚 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种非熔融烟化挥发锡的设备及方法,所述设备是一座圆柱型竖状冶金炉,从上至下分为冷物料加入及预热区、烟化挥发区、热贫炉渣降温区和冷贫炉渣出料区。本发明处理熔点大于1150℃、含锡介于2％-10％的锡原料,在900℃-1150℃的非熔融状态下使其中的锡充分硫化挥发,在烟尘中得到富集回收,处理过程中物料不需熔化,作业温度低,尤其适合于高熔点锡物料的烟化,热烟气和热炉渣热能得到充分回收利用,能耗低,效率高,设备磨损小,使用寿命长。(The invention discloses equipment and a method for non-melting fuming volatile tin, wherein the equipment is a cylindrical vertical metallurgical furnace and is divided into a cold material feeding and preheating area, a fuming and volatilizing area, a hot lean slag cooling area and a cold lean slag discharging area from top to bottom. The invention processes tin raw material with melting point more than 1150 ℃ and tin content between 2 percent and 10 percent, leads the tin in the raw material to be fully vulcanized and volatilized in a non-melting state of 900 ℃ to 1150 ℃, obtains enrichment and recovery in smoke dust, does not need to melt the material in the processing process, has low operation temperature, is especially suitable for fuming the high-melting-point tin material, fully recycles the heat energy of hot smoke gas and hot furnace slag, and has low energy consumption, high efficiency, small equipment abrasion and long service life.)

1. The equipment for non-melting fuming volatile tin is characterized in that: the equipment is a cylindrical vertical metallurgical furnace and is divided into a cold material feeding and preheating area (1), a fuming and volatilizing area (5), a hot lean slag cooling area (10) and a cold lean slag discharging area (13) from top to bottom; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the upper part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone (1) is provided with a material feeding port (2) and a low-temperature flue gas discharge port (3), and the lower part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone is communicated with the fuming and volatilizing zone (5); the middle section of the cold material feeding and preheating zone (1) is a cold material preheating section (4);

the fuming and volatilizing area (5) comprises an annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity (6) and a tin-containing flue gas outlet (7) which are arranged at the upper part, a fuming and volatilizing furnace material section (8) which is arranged at the middle part and an annular opposite-blowing combustion blowing system (9) which is arranged at the lower part, and the lower part of the fuming and volatilizing area (5) is communicated with the hot lean slag cooling area (10);

the hot lean slag cooling area (10) comprises a cooling furnace material section (11) and an annular natural air inlet (12) at the bottom, and the lower part of the cooling area is communicated with a cold lean slag discharging area (13);

the cold lean slag discharging area (13) comprises a bottom cold slag section (15), a cold slag outlet (16) and a metallurgical furnace base (19), and the bottom cold slag section (15) is arranged on the metallurgical furnace base (19); a cold furnace slag rotary scraping device (14) is arranged on the metallurgical furnace base (19);

the outer sides of the fuming and volatilizing furnace material section (8) and the cooling furnace material section (11) are respectively provided with a furnace body bearing support (18) for supporting and installing the furnace body on the bearing support of a factory building.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone (1) is an inward-folded cone structure which becomes a part of an annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity (6).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the bottom cold slag section (15) is larger than the outer diameter of the cooling furnace charge section (11).

4. A method of using an apparatus for non-melting fuming volatile tin as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: according to the method, a tin raw material with the melting point of more than 1150 ℃ and the tin content of 2-10 percent is added with a vulcanizing agent required by fuming volatilization according to the mass ratio of S/Sn of 0.4-0.6 to be uniformly mixed according to the specific tin content grade of the material obtained by testing, the mixture is granulated and naturally dried, and then is added into a cold material adding and preheating zone (1) from a material adding port (2), and the material is heated and preheated by heat conducted by fuel combustion in a lower vulcanizing zone in the process of gradually moving downwards in the zone, and a small amount of generated low-temperature smoke naturally flows and is discharged out of the furnace from a low-temperature smoke outlet (3);

after the preheated material moves to a fuming volatilization zone (5), in the process of continuously moving downwards slowly, the preheated material is heated by fuel and combustion improver which are sprayed by an annular convection-blowing combustion injection system (9) arranged at the lower part of the fuming volatilization zone, weak reducing atmosphere is maintained, tin in the material is fully vulcanized and volatilized under the condition of keeping the temperature of 900-1150 ℃, and the smoke containing stannous sulfide is collected under negative pressure by an annular tin-containing smoke collecting cavity (6) arranged at the upper part of the fuming volatilization zone and is discharged out of the furnace through a tin-containing smoke outlet (7);

the fuming lean tin slag continuously and slowly moves downwards, cold air naturally sucked from an annular natural air inlet (12) at the bottom of the hot lean tin slag cooling area (10) is subjected to heat exchange to obtain cooling, and the hot air after heat exchange gradually moves upwards to a fuming volatilization area to participate in fuel combustion sprayed by an annular opposite blowing combustion blowing system (9);

the cold poor slag is rotated by a cold slag rotary scraping device (14) in a cold poor slag discharging area (13) and is scraped out of the furnace from a cold slag outlet (16).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy equipment, and particularly relates to equipment and a method for non-molten fuming volatile tin.

Background

With the continuous exploitation and utilization of tin ore resources, high-grade tin resources are gradually reduced, and attention is paid to the utilization of low-grade tin resources.

At present, low-grade tin raw materials are mainly matched with tin smelting furnace slag to be used together in a box type side-blown fuming furnace with a fuming, volatilizing, diluting and recovering tin smoke dust by a vulcanization method. The box type side-blown fuming furnace is also growing in size, from the past 2.6m²The furnace type is mainly developed to 4m²The furnace type is the main one, and some manufacturers have tried to adopt 8m²A furnace-type box-type side-blown fuming furnace. The box type side-blown fuming furnace has the main advantages of high volatilization efficiency of tin, high speed and obvious advantage of treating materials with lower melting points. The main disadvantages are intermittent operation, intermittent addition of materials, long flow, high labor intensity and complex operation; the materials need to be fuming and volatilizing tin in a completely molten state, the operation temperature is high, the heat energy utilization is incomplete, and the energy consumption is high; the damage to smelting equipment is large, the maintenance difficulty is large, and the cost is high; safety and environmental risks are high. Further, since the operating temperature of the box-type side-blown fuming furnace is generally about 1250 ℃, it is impossible to treat the tin raw material containing high-melting-point substances such as tungsten and titanium.

There is also a method for recovering tin in low-grade tin material by adopting the volatilization dilution of the rotary kiln sulfuration method or the volatilization dilution of weak reducing atmosphere. Because the rotary kiln has long kiln body, easy kiln setting, high labor intensity, complex operation, low heat utilization rate, poor sealing effect, environmental protection and high safety risk, the rotary kiln is not widely used at present.

And a method for volatilizing, diluting and recovering tin in the low-grade tin material by adopting a rotary kiln chlorination method. The chlorination method for volatilizing and recovering tin has the advantages that the volatilization temperature can be reduced, and the volatilization and recovery of tin are realized in a non-molten state, and the main defects are complex process equipment, large total investment, complex process, multiple production links and long flow; the corrosion problem of chlorine to equipment is very serious; low production efficiency, low recovery rate, high energy consumption and poor effect, and the method is not practically applied at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides equipment and a method for continuously volatilizing tin by fuming and vulcanizing tin raw materials in a non-molten state.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the equipment is a cylindrical vertical metallurgical furnace and is divided into a cold material feeding and preheating area, a fuming and volatilizing area, a hot lean slag cooling area and a cold lean slag discharging area from top to bottom; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the upper part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone is provided with a material feeding port and a low-temperature flue gas exhaust port, and the lower part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone is communicated with the fuming volatilization zone; the middle section of the cold material feeding and preheating zone is a cold material preheating section;

the fuming and volatilizing area comprises an annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity and a tin-containing flue gas outlet which are arranged at the upper part, a fuming and volatilizing furnace material section arranged at the middle part and an annular opposite-blowing combustion blowing system arranged at the lower part, and the lower part of the fuming and volatilizing area is communicated with the hot lean slag cooling area;

the hot lean slag cooling area comprises a cooling furnace material section and an annular natural air inlet at the bottom, and the lower part of the cooling area is communicated with the cold lean slag discharging area;

the cold poor slag discharging area comprises a bottom cold slag section, a cold slag outlet and a metallurgical furnace base, and the bottom cold slag section is arranged on the metallurgical furnace base; a cold furnace slag rotary scraping device is arranged on a metallurgical furnace base;

and furnace body bearing supports are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the fuming and volatilizing furnace material section and the cooling furnace material section and used for supporting and installing the furnace body on the bearing supports of the factory building.

Preferably, the lower part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone is an adduction cone structure which becomes a part of the annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the bottom cold slag section is larger than the outer diameter of the cooling furnace material section.

The invention also discloses a method for preparing a device for non-melting fuming and volatilizing tin, which comprises the steps of adding a vulcanizing agent required by fuming and volatilizing according to the mass ratio of S/Sn of a tin raw material with the melting point of more than 1150 ℃ and the tin content of 2-10 percent according to the specific tin-containing grade of the material obtained by testing, uniformly mixing, granulating, naturally drying, adding the mixture into a cold material adding and preheating zone from a material adding inlet, heating and preheating the material by heat conducted by fuel combustion in a lower vulcanizing zone in the process that the material gradually moves downwards in the zone, and naturally flowing a small amount of generated low-temperature smoke and discharging the generated low-temperature smoke out of the furnace from a low-temperature smoke outlet;

after the preheated material moves to the fuming volatilization zone, in the process of continuously and slowly moving downwards, the preheated material is heated by fuel and combustion improver which are sprayed by an annular convection combustion injection system and are arranged at the lower part of the fuming volatilization zone, weak reducing atmosphere is maintained, the temperature is kept at 900-1150 ℃, the tin in the material is fully vulcanized and volatilized, and the smoke containing stannous sulfide is collected under negative pressure by an annular tin-containing smoke collecting cavity arranged at the upper part of the fuming volatilization zone and is discharged out of the furnace through a tin-containing smoke outlet;

the fuming lean tin slag continuously and slowly moves downwards, cold air naturally sucked from an annular natural air inlet at the bottom of the hot lean tin slag is subjected to heat exchange in a cooling area of the hot lean tin slag to obtain cooling, and the hot air after heat exchange gradually moves upwards to a fuming volatilization area to participate in fuel combustion sprayed by an annular opposite blowing combustion blowing system;

the cold poor slag is rotated by the cold slag rotary scraping device in the cold poor slag discharging area and is scraped out of the furnace from the cold slag outlet.

Has the advantages that:

1) the invention processes tin raw material with melting point more than 1150 ℃ and tin content between 2 percent and 10 percent, leads the tin in the raw material to be fully vulcanized and volatilized in a non-melting state of 900 ℃ to 1150 ℃, obtains enrichment and recovery in smoke dust, does not need to melt the material in the processing process, has low operation temperature, is especially suitable for fuming the high-melting-point tin material, fully recycles the heat energy of hot smoke gas and hot furnace slag, has low energy consumption, high efficiency, small equipment abrasion and long service life;

2) the operation process of the invention is a continuous and stable operation process, and has the advantages of less production links, low operation cost, safety and environmental protection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-cold material feeding and preheating area, 2-material feeding opening, 3-low-temperature smoke discharging opening, 4-cold material preheating section, 5-fuming and volatilizing area, 6-annular tin-containing smoke collecting cavity, 7-tin-containing smoke outlet, 8-fuming and volatilizing furnace material section, 9-annular opposite blowing combustion and blowing system, 10-hot poor slag cooling area, 11-cooling furnace material section, 12-annular natural air inlet, 13-cold poor slag discharging area, 14-cold slag rotary scraping device, 15-bottom cold slag section, 16-cold slag outlet, 17-cold slag receiving device, 18-furnace body bearing support and 19-metallurgical furnace base.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques, connections, conditions, or the like, which are not specified in the examples, are performed according to the techniques, connections, conditions, or the like described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification. The materials, instruments or equipment are not indicated by manufacturers, and all the materials, instruments or equipment are conventional products which can be obtained by purchasing.

The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, a non-melting fuming tin-volatilizing equipment is a cylindrical vertical metallurgical furnace, which is divided into a cold material feeding and preheating zone 1, a fuming and volatilizing zone 5, a hot lean slag cooling zone 10 and a cold lean slag discharging zone 13 from top to bottom; wherein, the upper part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone 1 is provided with a material feeding port 2 and a low-temperature flue gas exhaust port 3, and the lower part is communicated with a fuming and volatilizing zone 5; the middle section of the cold material feeding and preheating zone 1 is a cold material preheating section 4; the fuming and volatilizing zone 5 comprises an annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity 6 and a tin-containing flue gas outlet 7 which are arranged at the upper part, a fuming and volatilizing furnace material section 8 which is arranged at the middle part and an annular opposite-blowing combustion blowing system 9 which is arranged at the lower part, and the tin-containing flue gas outlet 7 is arranged at one side of the annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity 6; the lower part of the fuming and volatilizing area 5 is communicated with a hot lean slag cooling area 10; the lower part of the cold material feeding and preheating zone 1 is an inward-folded cone structure which becomes a part of an annular tin-containing flue gas collecting cavity 6.

The hot lean slag cooling area 10 comprises a cooling furnace charge section 11 and an annular natural air inlet 12 at the bottom, and the lower part of the cooling area is communicated with a cold lean slag discharging area 13; the cold lean slag discharging area 13 comprises a bottom cold slag section 15, a cold slag outlet 16 and a metallurgical furnace base 19, wherein the bottom cold slag section 15 is arranged on the metallurgical furnace base 19; a cold furnace slag rotary scraping device 14 is arranged on the metallurgical furnace base 19; the inner diameter of the bottom cold slag section 15 is larger than the outer diameter of the cooling furnace material section 11, so that an annular natural air inlet 12 is formed at the bottom of the hot poor slag cooling area 10.

Furnace body bearing supports 18 are respectively arranged at the outer sides of the fuming and volatilizing furnace material section 8 and the cooling furnace material section 11 and are used for supporting and installing the furnace body on the bearing supports of the factory building.

According to the method, a vulcanizing agent required by fuming volatilization is added into a tin raw material with the melting point of more than 1150 ℃ and the tin content of 2-10% according to the specific tin-containing grade of the material obtained by testing according to the mass ratio of S/Sn of 0.4-0.6, the mixture is granulated and naturally dried, and then the granulated and naturally dried material is added into a cold material adding and preheating zone 1 from a material adding port 2, and the material is heated and preheated by heat conducted by fuel combustion in a lower vulcanizing zone in the process of gradually moving downwards in the zone, and a small amount of generated low-temperature smoke naturally flows and is discharged out of the furnace from a low-temperature smoke outlet 3 and is subjected to subsequent unit treatment;

after the preheated material moves to a fuming volatilization zone 5, in the process of continuously and slowly moving downwards, the preheated material is heated by fuel and combustion improver which are sprayed by an annular convection combustion injection system 9 and are arranged at the lower part of the fuming volatilization zone, weak reducing atmosphere is maintained, tin in the material is fully vulcanized and volatilized under the condition of keeping the temperature of 900-1150 ℃, and the smoke containing stannous sulfide is collected under negative pressure by an annular tin-containing smoke collecting cavity 6 arranged at the upper part of the fuming volatilization zone, is discharged out of the furnace through a tin-containing smoke outlet 7 and is processed by a subsequent unit;

the fuming lean tin slag continuously and slowly moves downwards, cold air naturally sucked from an annular natural air inlet 12 at the bottom of the hot lean tin slag cooling area 10 is subjected to heat exchange to obtain cooling, and the hot air after heat exchange gradually moves upwards to a fuming volatilization area to participate in fuel combustion sprayed by an annular opposite blowing combustion and injection system 9;

the cold poor slag is rotated by a cold slag rotary scraping device 14 in a cold poor slag discharging area 13, and is scraped out of the furnace from a cold slag outlet 16 for being processed by a subsequent unit.

The invention obtains tin smoke dust with tin content more than 45% after fuming and volatilizing, the tin content of the lean slag is lower than 0.2%, the tin recovery rate is 90-98%, and the tin recovery rate is high.

The technique of the present invention is further described below by way of example.

By using the equipment and the method, the tin industry branch company of the Yunnan tin industry Co., Ltd develops continuous tests, 100 tons of processed materials have an average tin content grade of 5.36 percent and a melting point of more than 1150 ℃. The batch of materials is added with a vulcanizing agent required by fuming volatilization according to the mass ratio of S/Sn of 0.5, evenly mixed, granulated and naturally dried, and then tin in the batch of materials is fully vulcanized and volatilized in a non-molten state at 900-1150 ℃, so that the tin in the batch of materials is enriched in the smoke dust, and finally tin smoke dust with tin content of more than 48.6 percent is obtained, the tin content of the volatilized lean slag is 0.17 percent, and the recovery rate of the tin is 95.28 percent. The materials do not need to be melted, the heat energy of hot flue gas and hot furnace slag is fully recycled, the energy consumption is low, and the efficiency is high.

The above test was carried out in three batches, 30 tons for the first, 40 tons for the second and 30 tons for the third. The specific operation is as follows: after the first batch of materials are granulated and naturally dried, the materials are added into a cold material adding and preheating area from a material adding port, the materials are heated and preheated by heat conducted by fuel combustion in a lower vulcanization area in the process of gradually moving downwards in the area, and a small amount of generated low-temperature smoke naturally flows and is discharged out of the furnace from a low-temperature smoke outlet for being processed by a subsequent unit; after the preheated material moves to a fuming volatilization zone, in the process of continuously and slowly moving downwards, the preheated material is heated by fuel and combustion improver which are sprayed by an annular convection-blowing combustion injection system and are arranged at the lower part of the fuming volatilization zone, and weak reducing atmosphere is maintained, the temperature of a fuming volatilization section in the equipment is controlled to be 900 ℃ at the lowest point and 1150 ℃ at the highest point, so that tin in the smoke is fully vulcanized and volatilized, and smoke containing stannous sulfide is collected under negative pressure by an annular tin-containing smoke collecting cavity arranged at the upper part of the fuming volatilization zone and is discharged out of the furnace through a tin-containing smoke outlet to be treated by a subsequent unit; the fuming lean tin slag continuously and slowly moves downwards, cold air naturally sucked from an annular natural air inlet at the bottom of the hot lean tin slag is subjected to heat exchange in a cooling area of the hot lean tin slag to obtain cooling, and the hot air after heat exchange gradually moves upwards to a fuming volatilization area to participate in fuel combustion sprayed by an annular opposite blowing combustion blowing system; and the cold poor slag is rotated by the cold slag rotary scraping device in the cold poor slag discharging area, is scraped out of the furnace from a cold slag outlet and is processed by a subsequent unit. After the above process is completed, the produced smoke dust and cold slag are respectively tested and measured, and corresponding technical and economic indexes are calculated. And after the first batch of materials is processed, repeating the operation, and respectively processing the second batch of materials and the third batch of materials. The related indexes of the three batches of materials are shown in a table I.

Watch 1

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.