阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于大角度圆锥摆动万向节的护套及其制作方法 (Sheath suitable for large-angle conical swing universal joint and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 姜洋 赵苍碧 陈腾飞 胡长明 魏忠良 陈旭 王长武 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于大角度圆锥摆动万向节的护套及其制作方法,包括皮质护套和卡箍,所述皮质护套通过卡箍固定在万向节上；所述皮质护套为由多片皮料拼接缝制而成的两端平滑中间锯齿状的管状护套,所述皮质护套包括依次连接的上端皮质安装片、中间皮质齿片、下端皮质安装片,所述中间皮质齿片为上下底面镂空的圆台状结构,多片所述中间皮质齿片的顶边与顶边连接,底边与底边连接,形成可形变的锯齿状结构。该护套具有较好的保型能力、温度适应性及对不同转速的适应性,可以满足大角度、长时间低温持续工作,具有苛刻环境下工作的高可靠性,同时在体积空间、重量、制造成本、维护等方面具有一定的优势。(The invention discloses a sheath suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the sheath comprises a leather sheath and a hoop, and the leather sheath is fixed on the universal joint through the hoop; the leather sheath is a tubular sheath which is formed by splicing and sewing a plurality of leather materials and has two smooth ends and a sawtooth shape in the middle, the leather sheath comprises an upper leather mounting piece, a middle leather tooth piece and a lower leather mounting piece which are sequentially connected, the middle leather tooth piece is of a round table structure with a hollowed upper bottom surface and a hollowed lower bottom surface, the top edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the top edges, and the bottom edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the bottom edges to form a deformable sawtooth structure. The sheath has good shape-keeping capability, temperature adaptability and adaptability to different rotating speeds, can meet the requirement of continuous work at low temperature for a long time at a large angle, has high reliability of work in a harsh environment, and has certain advantages in the aspects of volume space, weight, manufacturing cost, maintenance and the like.)

1. The sheath is suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint and is characterized by comprising a leather sheath and a clamp, wherein the leather sheath is fixed on the universal joint through the clamp; the leather sheath is a tubular sheath which is formed by splicing and sewing a plurality of leather materials and has two smooth ends and a sawtooth shape in the middle, the leather sheath comprises an upper leather mounting piece, a middle leather tooth piece and a lower leather mounting piece which are sequentially connected, the middle leather tooth piece is of a round table structure with a hollowed upper bottom surface and a hollowed lower bottom surface, the top edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the top edges, and the bottom edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the bottom edges to form a deformable sawtooth structure.

2. The sheath for the large-angle conical pendulum universal joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the front piece and the outer diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the rear piece which are adjacently connected are identical, and the inner diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the rear piece are matched with each other.

3. The sheath suitable for the large-angle conical swinging universal joint as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper end leather mounting piece and the lower end leather mounting piece are both rectangular leather materials with certain widths, and the length of the long side of each rectangular leather material is consistent with the circumferential length of the outer diameter or the inner diameter of the middle leather tooth piece connected with the rectangular leather material.

4. The sheath suitable for use in a large angle conical pendulum gimbal according to claim 3, wherein said cladding is a top layer cowhide.

5. A sheath suitable for a wide-angle conical pendulum universal joint as claimed in claim 3, wherein the split stitching of the multiple pieces of cover stock is by aramid fiber using block-wise close-lock stitching.

6. The sheath for a large angle conical pendulum gimbal according to claim 3, wherein the leather thickness at the seam is half of the original leather thickness.

7. A manufacturing method of a sheath suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining the size: according to actual use requirements, the appearance of the sheath is split into an upper leather mounting piece, a plurality of middle leather tooth pieces and a lower leather mounting piece, and the size is designed;

cutting: cutting the leather according to the size, and reserving a lap joint surface;

and (3) sewing: sewing the top edge and the top edge of a plurality of middle leather tooth sheets with hollow upper and lower bottom surfaces and truncated cone-shaped structures, sewing the bottom edge and the bottom edge to form a deformable zigzag structure, sewing the top edge of the middle leather tooth sheet of the first sheet with the edge of the upper leather mounting sheet, and sewing the top edge of the middle leather tooth sheet of the last sheet with the edge of the lower leather mounting sheet;

installation: the two ends of the sutured leather sheath are respectively fixed on the spherical shell and the transmission shaft by a clamp.

8. The method for manufacturing a sheath suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sewing cross position of each piece of leather material is ground to half the original thickness and then sewn in a lock type mode, and the sewing distance is 1-2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a mechanical transmission system, and particularly relates to a sheath suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The universal joint is a common mechanism of transmission equipment, has a structure and functions similar to joints of four limbs of a human body, is widely used in the field of automobiles, such as a drive axle of a front-drive automobile, and is mainly used for transmitting the torque of a driving shaft to a driven shaft, and is divided into a constant-speed universal joint, a quasi-constant-speed universal joint and an unequal-speed universal joint according to structural characteristics. For example, a universal joint cross is a common structural form of a non-constant velocity universal joint.

The ball cage universal joint is one of constant velocity universal joints, as shown in figure 1, the ball cage universal joint is composed of a ball cage universal joint 1 including a transmission shaft 1-1, a lower end clamp 1-2, a sheath 1-3, a ball cage retainer 1-4, an upper end clamp 1-5, steel balls 1-6, a star-shaped sleeve 1-7, a spherical shell 1-8 and a clamping ring 1-9, wherein the inner surface of the star-shaped sleeve 1-7 is connected with the transmission shaft 1-1 through an internal spline, 6 arc-shaped grooves on the outer surface are used as inner tracks of the steel balls 1-6, an outer track is arranged on the inner surface of the spherical shell 1-8, the star-shaped sleeve 1-7 and the spherical shell 1-8 are assembled to form 6 tracks, each of the steel balls 6 is arranged in the 6 tracks, and the 6 steel balls 1-6 are positioned in the same plane by the ball cage retainer 1-4, the power is transmitted out from the transmission shaft 1-1 through the steel ball 1-6 and the spherical shell 1-8. Usually, a non-metallic sheath is arranged between the spherical shell 1-8 and the transmission shaft 1-1, which mainly plays a role in preventing dust and foreign matters from entering an internal track and preventing lubricating grease from running off, and the sheath is in a cylindrical structure and swings along with the universal joint. .

The common material of the sheath for the automobile is usually TPE high-strength plastic, the sheath is suitable for the use conditions that the working angle is less than +/-20 degrees and the temperature range is-40 degrees to 50 degrees, the service life is about 1000 hours generally, and the sheath has the working requirements on harsh conditions, large angles (25 degrees to 45 degrees) and long-time low temperature (minus 45 degrees to 60 degrees), the existing sheath forms such as TPE, canvas, fluorosilicone rubber and other materials are difficult to meet the harsh use requirements, and a brand-new sheath structure needs to be designed according to the use conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the current situation that the existing sheath structure cannot meet the strict use requirement, the invention provides the sheath suitable for the large-angle conical swing universal joint and the manufacturing method thereof, the sheath has better shape-keeping capability, temperature adaptability and adaptability to different rotating speeds, can meet the requirement of long-time low-temperature continuous work at large angles, has high reliability of work in a harsh environment, and simultaneously has certain advantages in the aspects of volume space, weight, manufacturing cost, maintenance and the like.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a sheath suitable for a large-angle conical swing universal joint comprises a leather sheath and a clamp, wherein the leather sheath is fixed on the universal joint through the clamp; the leather sheath is a tubular sheath which is formed by splicing and sewing a plurality of leather materials and has two smooth ends and a sawtooth shape in the middle, the leather sheath comprises an upper leather mounting piece, a middle leather tooth piece and a lower leather mounting piece which are sequentially connected, the middle leather tooth piece is of a round table structure with a hollowed upper bottom surface and a hollowed lower bottom surface, the top edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the top edges, and the bottom edges of the middle leather tooth pieces are connected with the bottom edges to form a deformable sawtooth structure.

Furthermore, the outer diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the front piece and the outer diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the rear piece which are adjacently connected are consistent, and the inner diameter of the middle leather tooth piece of the rear piece are matched with each other.

Furthermore, the upper end cortex mounting piece and the lower end cortex mounting piece are both rectangular leather materials with certain width, and the length of the long edge of each rectangular leather material is consistent with the length of the circumference of the outer diameter or the inner diameter of the middle cortex tooth piece connected with the rectangular leather material.

Further, the leather is first layer cowhide.

Furthermore, the splicing and sewing of the plurality of pieces of leather material adopts the block intensive locking type sewing through aramid fiber.

Furthermore, the thickness of the leather at the sewing position is half of the original thickness of the leather.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the sheath suitable for the large-angle conical swing universal joint, which comprises the following steps:

determining the size: according to actual use requirements, the appearance of the sheath is split into an upper leather mounting piece, a plurality of middle leather tooth pieces and a lower leather mounting piece, and the size is designed;

cutting: cutting the leather according to the size, and reserving a lap joint surface;

and (3) sewing: sewing the top edge and the top edge of a plurality of middle leather tooth sheets with hollow upper and lower bottom surfaces and truncated cone-shaped structures, sewing the bottom edge and the bottom edge to form a deformable zigzag structure, sewing the top edge of the middle leather tooth sheet of the first sheet with the edge of the upper leather mounting sheet, and sewing the top edge of the middle leather tooth sheet of the last sheet with the edge of the lower leather mounting sheet;

installation: the two ends of the sutured leather sheath are respectively fixed on the spherical shell and the transmission shaft by a clamp.

Furthermore, the sewing cross position of each piece of leather material is ground to be half of the original thickness, and then sewing is carried out, wherein the sewing mode is lock type sewing, and the sewing distance is 1-2 mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with rubber and plastic materials, the sheath does not need a mold in the manufacturing process, and is lower in cost; the friction coefficient of the cowhide is lower, the wear caused by mutual sliding between the cowhide and the aramid fiber material is smaller in the compression state, the difference between the cowhide and the aramid fiber material at the low temperature and the normal temperature state is not large, the obvious problem of hardening and brittleness can not occur, meanwhile, the aramid fiber is used as a sewing material to ensure the bonding strength, so that the strength and the high-low temperature performance of the sheath are better, the sheath can continuously and reliably work for 30W times at the high temperature and the low temperature, and the sheath is improved by nearly 100 times compared with the common sheath made of common structures such as; the maintainability is better, because of adopting the blocking intensive locking type sewing, if a part of the problems exist, the replacement can be convenient, the quick repair can be realized, and the observation is easier; the sheath adopts a sawtooth shape, has better extension and shortening ratio, and is easier to realize shape maintenance in the rotating process because the cowhide has certain rigidity, and the common problems of local sinking and collapse similar to a fluorosilicone rubber sheath can not occur.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art ball cage gimbal;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cortical sheath of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper end cortex mounting plate of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the inventive intermediate cortical tooth plate;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lock stitch of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a clamp of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the operating state of the clamp of the present invention

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the boot of the present invention mounted on a ball and cage gimbal at a 0 position;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the boot of the present invention mounted on a ball and cage joint in a 43 position;

wherein: 1. a spherical universal wheel; 1-1 transmission shaft; 1-2, a lower end hoop; 1-3, a sheath; 1-4, a ball cage retainer; 1-5, an upper end hoop; 1-6, steel balls; 1-7, star-shaped sleeve; 1-8, spherical shell; 1-9, a collar; 2. a cortex sheath 2-1, an upper end cortex mounting piece; 2-2, a middle cortex tooth piece; 2-3, installing a piece on the lower end cortex; 3. a suture; 4. and (5) clamping a hoop.

Detailed Description

The preferred mechanisms and methods of motion realization of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the figures and the detailed description.

As shown in fig. 2-9, a sheath suitable for a large angle conical pendulum universal joint comprises a leather sheath 2 and a clamp 4.

The leather sheath 2 is a tubular sheath which is formed by splicing and sewing a plurality of leather materials and has two smooth ends and a sawtooth middle part, and comprises an upper end leather mounting piece 2-1, a middle leather tooth piece 2-2 and a lower end leather mounting piece 2-3 which are sequentially connected, as shown in figures 2-5.

The upper end leather mounting piece 2-1 and the lower end leather mounting piece 2-3 are both rectangular leather materials with certain width, and form two end pipe orifices of the sheath with two smooth ends of the leather sheath 2; the length of the rectangle can be made into different lengths according to actual needs.

The middle leather tooth sheets 2-2 are a plurality of circular ring-shaped leather materials with notches, have certain ring width, are connected through butt seams to form a circular truncated cone-shaped structure with hollow upper and lower bottom surfaces, and when the circular truncated cone-shaped leather materials are connected, the bottom of the cone is connected with the bottom of the cone, and the top of the cone is connected with the top of the cone. The middle cortical tooth plates 2-2 of the plurality of the plates can be designed into different ring widths according to actual requirements, but in order to facilitate the manufacture of the cortical sheath 2, the outer diameter and the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the inner diameter of the middle cortical tooth plates 2-2 which are sequentially and adjacently connected need to be matched with each other, for example, the outer diameter of the middle cortical tooth plate 2-2 of the first plate needs to be consistent with the outer diameter of the second plate, the inner diameter of the second plate is consistent with the inner diameter of the third plate, the outer diameter of the fourth plate is consistent with the outer diameter of the fifth plate … …, and so on, the circumference length of the inner diameter of the first plate is consistent with the length of the long side of the rectangle of the upper cortical installing plate 2-1, and the inner diameter of the last plate is consistent with the length of the long.

The leather sheath 2 is a tubular sheath with two smooth ends and a sawtooth shape in the middle, the two ends of the tubular sheath are respectively fixed on a spherical shell 1-8 and a transmission shaft 1-1 of the spherical universal wheel 1, the middle part of the tubular sheath is in a sawtooth shape formed by middle leather tooth sheets 2-2 and used for realizing the extension and shortening ratio of the two ends in work, the more the middle leather tooth sheets 2-2 are, the larger the extension and shortening ratio of the leather sheath 2 is.

The leather material for manufacturing the leather sheath 2 is preferably made of cowhide, particularly a first layer cowhide blank, through a crazy horse leather making process, the crazy horse leather belongs to a mature leather making process, the surface of the processed leather is smooth and wear-resistant, the split sheets can be unfolded according to the sizes and the shapes of the upper end leather mounting sheet 2-1, the middle leather tooth sheet 2-2 and the lower end leather mounting sheet 2-3, and the cowhide has certain rigidity, so that the shape maintenance is more easily realized in the rotating process, and the common problems of local depression and collapse similar to a fluorine silicon rubber sheath can be avoided.

The sheets of leather can be sewn together by using a sewing thread 3, the sewing thread 3 is preferably made of aramid fiber, the aramid fiber is called Kevlar fiber, is in the form of a plurality of yellow silk threads, has extremely high strength and toughness, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance and the like, and is widely applied to products such as vehicle tires, body armor and the like.

The difference between the cow leather and the aramid fiber materials at low temperature and normal temperature is not large, the obvious problem of hardening and brittleness is avoided, the aramid fiber is used as a sewing material, the bonding strength is guaranteed, the strength and high-low temperature performance of the sheath are better, the sheath can continuously and reliably work for 30W times at high and low temperature, and the sheath is improved by nearly 100 times compared with common sheaths with common structures such as TPE and fluorosilicone rubber.

At the sewing cross position of the leather materials, the leather materials are ground to be half of the original thickness, so that the lapping position of the two leather materials is still the uniform thickness of the original leather materials, the equal rigidity of the structure is ensured, and the structure of the whole sheath is the same.

The sewing adopts a method of block intensive lock type sewing, as shown in figure 5, if a part of the problems exist in the using process, the replacement can be convenient, the quick repair can be realized, and the observation is easier.

The clamp 4 can be made of stainless steel as shown in fig. 6-7, a plurality of mutually matched bulges and clamping grooves are arranged on the clamp 4, and the suitable bulges and clamping grooves can be selected according to different sizes of two ends of the leather sheath 2, so that the clamp 4 is convenient to compress and lock.

The sheath suitable for the large-angle conical swinging universal joint can adaptively adjust the structure according to the change of the working state of the universal joint, thereby ensuring that the universal joint can reliably protect the internal universal joint structure all the time in the large-angle conical swinging process. For example, FIG. 8 shows the boot of the present invention installed on a ball and cage joint in the 0 position; fig. 9 shows the boot of the present invention mounted on a ball and cage joint in a 43 position.

The sheath of the embodiment is formed by the following specific steps:

a. determining the size: according to actual use requirements, splitting a sheath outline drawing into an upper cortex mounting piece 2-1, a plurality of middle cortex tooth pieces 2-2 and a lower cortex mounting piece 2-3, designing the size and unfolding on a drawing;

b. cutting: cutting the leather according to the size of a drawing, and reserving a certain lap joint surface;

c. and (3) sewing: grinding the sewing cross position of each piece of leather material to be half of the original thickness, and sewing according to a drawing, wherein the sewing mode is lock type sewing, and the sewing distance is 1-2mm, as shown in figure 5;

d. installation: the two ends of the sutured cortical sheath 2 are respectively fixed on the spherical shell and the transmission shaft by a clamp 4.

This embodiment is a universal mechanism, not only suitable for rzeppa universal joints, but also suitable for other structures like universal joints or large-angle cone swings.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.