阅读说明：本技术 一种热管式外取热器 (Heat pipe type external heat collector ) 是由 杨宏伟 于 2019-02-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了热交换技术领域一种热管式外取热器,包括一个垂直设置的圆筒形壳体,其特征在于：在圆筒形壳体的顶部设立式汽水分离器,所述汽水分离器和取热器壳体通过盲法兰连接；在圆筒形壳体内垂直设置有热管式取热管,所述热管式取热管的蒸发段下方设有导向支架,蒸发段封头设有限位管,限位管插入导向支架的限位孔内以实现热管的下定位；热管式取热管的中间段绝热段固定在立式汽水分离器的盲法兰上,另一端冷凝段伸入立式汽水分离器内。采用本发明的热管外取热器与现有技术相比,解决了取热单元泄露带来的问题,没有操作工作量；简化了取热系统；显著降低了工程投资。(The invention discloses a heat pipe type external heat collector in the technical field of heat exchange, which comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical shell and is characterized in that: the top of the cylindrical shell is provided with a steam-water separator, and the steam-water separator is connected with the shell of the heat collector through a blind flange; a heat pipe type heat taking pipe is vertically arranged in the cylindrical shell, a guide support is arranged below an evaporation section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe, a limiting pipe is arranged at an end socket of the evaporation section, and the limiting pipe is inserted into a limiting hole of the guide support to realize lower positioning of the heat pipe; the heat insulating section of the middle section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is fixed on a blind flange of the vertical steam-water separator, and the condensing section at the other end of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe extends into the vertical steam-water separator. Compared with the prior art, the heat pipe external heat collector solves the problems caused by heat collecting unit leakage, and has no operation workload; the heat taking system is simplified; the engineering investment is obviously reduced.)

1. A heat pipe type external heat collector comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical shell, and is characterized in that: the top of the cylindrical shell is provided with a steam-water separator, and the steam-water separator is connected with the shell of the heat collector through a blind flange; a heat pipe type heat taking pipe is vertically arranged in the cylindrical shell, and the heat pipe type heat taking pipe sequentially comprises a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section from top to bottom; a guide bracket is arranged below the evaporation section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe, a limiting pipe is arranged at the end socket of the evaporation section, and the limiting pipe is inserted into a limiting hole of the guide bracket to realize the lower positioning of the heat pipe; the middle heat insulation section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is fixed on a blind flange of the vertical steam-water separator, and the condensation section at the other end of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe extends into the vertical steam-water separator.

2. The heat pipe external heat collector of claim 1, wherein: at least one heat pipe type heat taking pipe is vertically arranged in the cylindrical shell.

3. The heat pipe external heat collector of claim 1, wherein: the vertical steam-water separator is also called a steam drum.

4. The heat pipe external heat collector of claim 1, wherein: the steam-water separator is vertical, and the separation elements of the steam-water separator are a gap baffle, an underwater pore plate and a steel wire mesh separator.

5. The heat pipe external heat collector of claim 1, wherein: the net distance between the heat pipe type heat taking pipe and the wall of the cylindrical shell is 20-500 mm.

6. The heat pipe external heat collector of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the outer walls of the two adjacent heat pipe type heat taking pipes is 20-500 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange, and particularly relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector.

Background

In a catalytic cracking unit in the petrochemical industry, a catalyst circulates between a reactor and a regenerator; the deactivated catalyst is burnt and regenerated in the regenerator, and the regenerated catalyst is circulated back to the reactor. Typically a heavy oil catalytic cracking unit. The coking reaction of the catalyst in the regenerator needs to release a large amount of heat, and when the heat exceeds the heat required by the catalytic reaction, an external heat exchanger is required to absorb the excessive heat, so that the smooth operation of the process is ensured. Meanwhile, the external heat collector also utilizes the surplus heat to generate steam, and an external heat-taking steam generation system becomes an important energy-saving measure in the catalytic cracking device. The external heat collector has wide industrial application due to large heat collection quantity and flexible and convenient operation.

The existing external heat exchangers have various types, but are all water tube type heat exchangers. Chinese patent ZL201220342676.5 discloses a finned tube external heat collector, which comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical shell, wherein a plurality of sleeve-type heat collecting tubes are vertically arranged in the shell. Each sleeve type heat taking pipe is of a closed structure and mainly comprises a water supply pipe and a steam-water mixture sleeve pipe arranged around the outer surface of the water supply pipe. Each sleeve type heat taking pipe is an independent heat transfer element and forms a heat transfer unit with an independent water-steam loop. Although the sleeve type heat extraction pipe and the external heat extractor adopting the sleeve type heat extraction pipe have the problems in the form of the sleeve type heat extraction pipe with one unit, the heat extraction unit can be cut off by closing the valves of the ascending pipe and the descending pipe of the heat extraction unit, and the leakage of high-pressure water cannot be avoided. There are major problems: high pressure water leakage is always the focus of testing in actual practice. Because intraductal water pressure is higher than regeneration gas pressure, if one gets the heat pipe and reveals, at first can influence regenerator internal pressure, secondly if the processing time is longer slightly, the leakage point play water impact of a pipe gets adjacent hot unit to can lead to the pipeline to reveal on every side, secondly the ascending pipeline is numerous with descending pipeline quantity, arranges the difficulty, overhauls the difficulty, and the investment is great, increases operation danger and work load.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a heat pipe type external heat exchanger, which solves the technical problems that various unfavorable working conditions and difficult maintenance are caused by easy leakage of a heat taking unit of the external heat exchanger in the prior art, the investment is large, and the operation risk and the workload are increased.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a heat pipe type external heat collector comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical shell, and is characterized in that: the top of the cylindrical shell is provided with a steam-water separator, and the steam-water separator is connected with the shell of the heat collector through a blind flange; a heat pipe type heat taking pipe is vertically arranged in the cylindrical shell, and the heat pipe type heat taking pipe sequentially comprises a condensation section, a heat insulation section and an evaporation section from top to bottom; a guide bracket is arranged below the evaporation section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe, a limiting pipe is arranged at the end socket of the evaporation section, and the limiting pipe is inserted into a limiting hole of the guide bracket to realize the lower positioning of the heat pipe; the heat insulating section of the middle section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is fixed on a blind flange of the vertical steam-water separator, and the condensing section at the other end of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe extends into the vertical steam-water separator.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector, which is further characterized in that: the vertical steam-water separator is also called a steam drum.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector, which is further characterized in that: at least one heat pipe type heat taking pipe is vertically arranged in the cylindrical shell, and a heat taking unit of the external heat taking device is a heat pipe. And a guide bracket is arranged below the heat pipe type heat taking pipe. The heat insulation section of each heat pipe type heat taking pipe is fixed on a blind flange of the vertical steam-water separator, and the condensation section at the other end is inserted into a limiting hole of the guide support through a limiting pipe, is limited by the guide support and can freely stretch out and draw back.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector, which comprises a main body, a heat pipe, an external heat collecting shell and a vertical steam-water separator (steam drum). The device is used for taking out the heat of high-temperature catalyst dust, and is commonly used for catalytic cracking unit regenerators, DCC (direct catalytic cracking) units, HCC (direct cracking of heavy oil to olefin), MTO (methanol to olefin) units in coal chemical industry and the like in the petrochemical industry. The basic heat taking unit is a heat pipe, the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is fixed on a blind flange of the vertical steam-water separator, a condensing section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is positioned in the vertical steam-water separator, an evaporating section of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is positioned on a catalyst side of the external heat taking shell, and one or more heat taking heat pipes, the external heat taking shell and the vertical steam-water separator jointly form the heat pipe type external heat taking device.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector, which is further characterized in that: the steam-water separator is vertical, the separation elements of the steam-water separator with steam-water operation pressure less than or equal to 4.5MPa are suggested to be a gap baffle, an underwater pore plate and a steel wire mesh separator (also called a foam breaking mesh), and according to an actual operation result, the steam-water separation effect of the three combinations can meet the steam system with medium pressure and below. When the steam-water pressure is more than 4.5MPa, a steam-water separation element outside the steam drum can be additionally arranged.

The working medium in the heat pipe can select matched substances according to the working pressure of the steam-water side; the working medium outside the evaporation section of the heat pipe is dust fume with the temperature of 500-800 ℃.

The invention relates to a heat pipe type external heat collector, which is further characterized in that: the net distance between the heat pipe type heat taking pipe and the wall of the cylindrical shell is 20-500 mm; the distance between the outer walls of the two adjacent heat pipe type heat taking pipes is 20-500 mm.

The invention adopts the heat pipe as the heat taking unit, the heat taken by the heat pipe is directly transmitted to the saturated water in the vertical steam-water separator, a large number of ascending pipes and descending pipes and large-caliber high-medium pressure valves thereof are saved, the frame of the existing external heat collector is reduced by at least 10m, and the investment is greatly reduced; and meanwhile, even if one heat pipe leaks, because the water vapor and the catalyst side are mutually isolated, the regenerator and the adjacent heat pipe are not affected, manual intervention is not needed, the operation of the whole external heat collector is not affected, and only the failed heat pipe needs to be replaced during maintenance.

The heat pipe type heat collector is mainly used for a regenerator of a catalytic cracking unit in the petrochemical industry and other catalytic cracking unit regenerators similar to the technical process, such as an MTO (methanol to olefin) unit and an HCC (direct cracking of heavy oil to olefin) unit; but also can be applied to other powdery high-temperature material heat transfer places with similar requirements.

Compared with the prior art, the heat pipe external heat collector has the following remarkable beneficial effects:

1. the problem caused by leakage of the heat taking unit is solved, and no operation workload is generated;

2. the heat taking system is simplified;

3. the engineering investment is obviously reduced.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat pipe heat removal unit of a heat pipe external heat remover according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe type external heat exchanger according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.

Wherein the reference symbols shown are: 101-heat pipe heat taking unit, 101-1-guide support, 101-2-limiting pipe, 101-3-heat pipe condensation section, 101-4-heat pipe heat insulation section, 101-5-heat pipe evaporation section, 101-6-heat pipe liquid suction core, 101-7-heat pipe shell, 2-fluidized air distributor, 3-hot catalyst inlet, 4-cold catalyst outlet and 5-degassing port.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings, in which the directions of the arrows indicate the directions of the corresponding media flows:

fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3 are schematic diagrams of a heat pipe heat-taking unit and a heat pipe external heat-taking device according to the present invention. It comprises a vertically arranged cylindrical shell 202, and a steam-water separator (also called a steam drum) 201 is arranged at the top of the shell 202. The steam-water separator 201 is connected with a blind flange 203 of the heat collector shell 202. The heat pipe 101 is vertically arranged in the shell 202, and a guide bracket 101-1 is arranged below the heat pipe 101. The heat pipe type heat taking pipe 101 adopts a type as shown in figure 1, a shell 101-7 of the heat pipe type heat taking pipe is made of metal materials and is divided into an upper heat-releasing condensation section 101-3, a heat-insulating section 101-4 which does not transfer heat and only serves for positioning and a lower heat-absorbing evaporation section 101-5 according to heat transfer characteristics in a use state, a liquid absorption core 101-6 is arranged on the inner wall, a limiting pipe 101-2 is arranged at the lower end socket of the evaporation section 101-5, a guide support 101-1 is arranged below the heat pipe type heat taking pipe, and the guide support 101-1 is welded on the wall 202 of an outer heat taking pipe.

At least one heat pipe type heat pipe 101 is provided in the heat exchanger case 202. One end of each heat pipe type heat taking pipe 101 is fixed on the blind flange 203 at the lower part of the guide bracket 201, and the other end inserts the limiting pipe 101-2 into the limiting hole of the guide bracket 101-1, is limited by the guide bracket 101-1 and can freely stretch out and draw back. The shell 202 is provided with a catalyst inlet 3, a catalyst outlet 4 and a degassing port 5, and the lower part in the shell 202 and the lower part of the guide support 1 are provided with a fluidized air distributor 2. The inner wall of the shell 202 is lined with a heat-insulating and wear-resistant lining.

The net distance S1 between the heat pipe type heat taking pipe and the wall of the shell 202 is 30-500 mm; the net distance S2 between two adjacent heat pipe type heat taking pipes is 30-500 mm.

The operation process of the heat pipe type external heat remover shown in fig. 2 used as the external heat remover of the heavy oil catalytic cracking device (catalytic cracking device for short) is as follows: the high temperature catalyst from the regenerator of the catalytic cracking unit enters the external heat remover through the catalyst inlet pipe 3, and forms a section of dense phase catalyst bed in the external heat remover. The fluidized air enters the catalyst bed layer through the fluidized air distributor 6, so that the catalyst is in a fluidized state, and the heat release effect of the high-temperature catalyst on the heat pipe type heat taking pipe 101 is enhanced. The catalyst after heat release and cooling is discharged into a regenerator of the catalytic cracking unit through a catalyst outlet pipe 4, thereby completing the cooling circulation process of the catalyst in an external heat remover. The flue gas entrained in the fluidized catalyst is discharged back into the regenerator through a degassing port 5. The evaporation section 101-5 of each heat pipe 1 absorbs the heat released by the catalyst, the working medium in the evaporation pipe forms steam, the steam flows upwards from the cavity space of the heat pipe to the condensation section 101-3 through the heat insulation section 101-4 to transfer the heat to the water in the steam drum, and the steam is cooled into liquid to return to the heat absorption end 101-5 of the heat pipe along the liquid absorption core 101-6, and the next heat transfer cycle is started. The excess heat brought by the high temperature catalyst from the regenerator of the catalytic cracking unit is thus continuously removed by the heat pipe type heat removal pipe 101. The external heat collector shown in fig. 2 mainly employs a heat pipe type heat collecting pipe 101 shown in fig. 1. The rest of the structure of the external heat collector and the heat-collecting operation process for the catalytic cracking unit shown in fig. 2 are basically the same as those of the external heat collector provided with the double-pipe heat-collecting pipe in the prior art.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. In fig. 1 to 3 of the present invention, like reference numerals denote like features. In the figures, arrows without reference numbers indicate the flow direction of water, steam-water mixture, fluidized air, flue gas, or catalyst.

The external heat collector is mainly used for catalytic cracking units in the petrochemical industry and other catalytic cracking units similar to the technical process of the catalytic cracking units, such as an MTO (methanol to olefin) unit and an HCC (direct cracking of heavy oil to olefin) unit; but also can be applied to other powdery high-temperature material heat transfer places with similar requirements.