Novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit
阅读说明：本技术 一种新型低电压高频带逆变电路 (Novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit ) 是由 周文华 闫兴浩 王笑 纵金龙 鲍俊杰 于 2020-05-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种新型低电压高频带逆变电路。滞环比较输入负极与参考输入R2及反馈输入R3相连,正极与匹配电阻R1及C1电容形成积分关联,其比较器输出直接驱动负载电阻R4；所述运放工作电源V+接入三极管D3发射极,其基极与通过电阻、稳压管、电容形成的参考电压相连接；所述运放电源生成三极管D3集电极与限流电阻R9、驱动电阻R7形成串联关系,两电阻分压后经限流电阻接入功率管D2栅极；所述PNP三极管、限流电阻R10、取样电阻R11构成功率管保护回路,用于功率管D2的实时保护。本发明用全新的逆变控制思路,通过合理的参数设计,能使回路提供几百伏安的功率输出,且频率响应速度快,结构简单、调试方便等优点。(The invention discloses a novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit. The negative pole of the hysteresis comparison input is connected with the reference input R2 and the feedback input R3, the positive pole of the hysteresis comparison input forms integral association with the matching resistor R1 and the capacitor C1, and the output of the comparator directly drives the load resistor R4; the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode D3, and a base electrode of the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with reference voltage formed by a resistor, a voltage regulator tube and a capacitor; the collector of the operational amplifier power generation triode D3 is connected in series with the current-limiting resistor R9 and the driving resistor R7, and the two resistors are connected to the grid of the power tube D2 through the current-limiting resistor after voltage division; the PNP triode, the current limiting resistor R10 and the sampling resistor R11 form a power tube protection loop for real-time protection of the power tube D2. The invention uses a brand new inversion control idea, can enable the loop to provide hundreds of volt-ampere power output through reasonable parameter design, and has the advantages of high frequency response speed, simple structure, convenient debugging and the like.)
1. The utility model provides a novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit which characterized in that: the circuit comprises a hysteresis comparator, an operational amplifier working power supply, a power tube driving circuit and a power tube protection circuit;
the cathode of the input of the hysteresis comparator is connected with a reference input R2 and a feedback input R3, the anode of the hysteresis comparator forms integral association with the capacitors of the matching resistors R1 and C1, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives the load resistor R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode D3, and a base electrode of the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with reference voltage formed by a resistor, a voltage regulator tube and a capacitor;
the collector of a triode D3 of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R9 and a driving resistor R7, and the two resistors are connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting resistor after voltage division;
the power tube protection loop comprises a PNP triode, a current limiting resistor R10 and a sampling resistor R11 and is used for real-time protection of a power tube D2;
the reference small signal voltage is converted into a current signal through R2, the current signal and a feedback current signal generated by the feedback voltage through R3 are introduced into a hysteresis comparator for difference calculation, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives a load resistor R4 through operational amplifier integral filtering; the hysteresis comparator drives a resistor R4 to generate a driving current which is finally derived from an operational amplifier working power supply V +/V-, and besides basic static current consumption, the dynamic current of the operational amplifier working power supply is related to the forward proportion of the current flowing through a load R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is generated through a voltage dividing resistor R6, a voltage stabilizing tube D1 and a capacitor C2, and then is connected into an NPN triode through R5 and C3 current limiting filtering, and a D3 emitter of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected into an input end V + of an operational amplifier positive power supply, so that the final generation reference of the operational amplifier power supply is completed; the operational amplifier working power supply V +/-driving current is finally driven by CE electrode current amplified by the triode D3, and load R4 current output by the hysteresis comparator U1 is finally converted into collector current of the triode D3;
the power tube driving loop is formed by dividing the current of a collector of a triode D3 through resistors R9 and R7, and is connected to a grid electrode of a power tube D2 through a current limiting resistor R8 to control the switching state of the power tube;
the power tube protection circuit is composed of a PNP triode D4, resistors R10 and R11, when the load current of the main circuit is too large, sampling voltage is formed through the sampling resistor R11, and the PNP triode is driven through the current limiting resistor R10, so that the current flowing through a collector of D4 is increased, a shunt effect is formed on the resistor R7, and the effect of reducing the gate starting voltage of the D2 tube is achieved.
2. The novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the operational amplifier working power supply V-is the same as that of the operational amplifier working power supply V +.
3. The novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the reference signal is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier through R2, the output of the operational amplifier directly drives a load resistor R4 after integral filtering, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with a zero level; the voltage dividing resistor R6 and the voltage stabilizing tube D1 divide and stabilize the DC voltage source 300+ voltage to generate an acceptable operating voltage of the operational amplifier, the acceptable operating voltage is accessed to the base electrode of an NPN triode through the resistance-capacitance filtering of the capacitors C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter electrode of the triode is connected with the positive operating power supply of the hysteresis comparator; the collector of the NPN triode is connected with the two resistors in series, and the driving voltage formed on the R7 is connected to the grid of the D2 power tube through the resistor R8; the source electrode of the power tube is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source through a sampling resistor R11; the PNP triode, the current-limiting resistor R10 and the sampling resistor R11 form a power tube protection loop, the emitting electrode of the triode is connected to the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source, and the collecting electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the power tube; the small-signal reference input and output feedback voltage AC _ out generates current through a resistor and is connected into a hysteresis comparator, the load current driven after integral output is converted into gate-source control voltage of a driving power tube, and finally output closed-loop control is formed.
4. The novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the input reference signal and the output voltage signal are respectively connected to the negative terminal of a comparator U1 through the resistors R2 and R3 to generate currents, the currents are compared, integrated and filtered, and then the currents are output to directly drive a load resistor R4, and the currents are necessary conditions for generating the voltage of a driving power tube;
the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with a voltage regulator tube D1 in series, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with the base electrode of a D3 triode through filtering current limiting of C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter of the voltage dividing resistor R6 is directly connected with a positive working power supply of the hysteresis comparator;
the collector of the D3 triode is connected in series with a divider resistor R9, the other end of R9 is connected in series with a driving voltage forming resistor R7, and is finally connected to a direct current forward voltage end 300+, and the voltage at the upper end of R7 is connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting of R8;
the source of the power tube D2 is connected to the positive end of the DC power supply through the sampling resistor R11, and the drain of the power tube D2 is connected to the drain of the negative power tube, so as to form an output port AC _ out.
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inverter circuit of power equipment, and relates to the technical field of power systems.
Background
An Inverter Circuit (Inverter Circuit) corresponds to a Rectifier Circuit (Rectifier), and converting dc power into ac power is called inversion. The inverter circuit can be used for forming various alternating current power supplies and is widely applied to the industry.
Inverter circuits are widely used. Among the various power sources, a storage battery, a dry battery, a solar battery, and the like are all dc power sources, and when these power sources are required to supply power to an ac load, an inverter circuit is required. In addition, power electronic devices such as an inverter for speed regulation of an ac motor, an uninterruptible power supply, and an induction heating power supply are widely used, and the core part of the circuit is an inverter circuit. The basic function of the DC power supply is to convert the DC power supply output by the intermediate DC circuit into an AC power supply with adjustable frequency and voltage under the control of the control circuit.
In an electric power system, tests for various secondary devices often require controllable alternating current and direct current voltages. The traditional design generally generates controllable alternating and direct voltage by chopping a direct voltage source and then performing LC filtering through an SPWM power electronic form. The principle has the defects of complex structure, high cost, large volume and weight, troublesome debugging and parameter calculation and the like. It is not suitable for mass production and maintenance under low power.
In order to overcome the defects, inversion technology with low power, low alternating current and direct current voltage output, high frequency response and low cost is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an inversion technology which is purely controlled by hardware, has high frequency response and rapid feedback self-balancing and is applied to low-power alternating current and direct current voltage output, a brand-new inversion control idea, can enable a loop to provide power output of hundreds of volt-amperes through reasonable parameter design, and has the advantages of high frequency response speed, simple structure, convenience in debugging and the like.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
the invention discloses a novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit, which comprises a hysteresis comparator, an operational amplifier working power supply, a power tube driving circuit and a power tube protection circuit, wherein the hysteresis comparator is connected with the operational amplifier working power supply;
the cathode of the input of the hysteresis comparator is connected with a reference input R2 and a feedback input R3, the anode of the hysteresis comparator forms integral association with the capacitors of the matching resistors R1 and C1, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives the load resistor R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode D3, and a base electrode of the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with reference voltage formed by a resistor, a voltage regulator tube and a capacitor;
the collector of a triode D3 of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R9 and a driving resistor R7, and the two resistors are connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting resistor after voltage division;
the power tube protection loop comprises a PNP triode, a current limiting resistor R10 and a sampling resistor R11 and is used for real-time protection of a power tube D2;
the reference small signal voltage is converted into a current signal through R2, the current signal and a feedback current signal generated by the feedback voltage through R3 are introduced into a hysteresis comparator for difference calculation, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives a load resistor R4 through operational amplifier integral filtering; the hysteresis comparator drives a resistor R4 to generate a driving current which is finally derived from an operational amplifier working power supply V +/V-, and besides basic static current consumption, the dynamic current of the operational amplifier working power supply is related to the forward proportion of the current flowing through a load R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is generated through a voltage dividing resistor R6, a voltage stabilizing tube D1 and a capacitor C2, and then is connected into an NPN triode through R5 and C3 current limiting filtering, and a D3 emitter of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected into an input end V + of an operational amplifier positive power supply, so that the final generation reference of the operational amplifier power supply is completed; the operational amplifier working power supply V +/-driving current is finally driven by CE electrode current amplified by the triode D3, and load R4 current output by the hysteresis comparator U1 is finally converted into collector current of the triode D3;
the power tube driving loop is formed by dividing the current of a collector of a triode D3 through resistors R9 and R7, and is connected to a grid electrode of a power tube D2 through a current limiting resistor R8 to control the switching state of the power tube;
the power tube protection circuit is composed of a PNP triode D4, resistors R10 and R11, when the load current of the main circuit is too large, sampling voltage is formed through the sampling resistor R11, and the PNP triode is driven through the current limiting resistor R10, so that the current flowing through a collector of D4 is increased, a shunt effect is formed on the resistor R7, and the effect of reducing the gate starting voltage of the D2 tube is achieved.
The structure of the operational amplifier working power supply V-is the same as that of the operational amplifier working power supply V +.
The reference signal is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier through R2, the output of the operational amplifier directly drives a load resistor R4 after integral filtering, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with a zero level; the voltage dividing resistor R6 and the voltage stabilizing tube D1 divide and stabilize the DC voltage source 300+ voltage to generate an acceptable operating voltage of the operational amplifier, the acceptable operating voltage is accessed to the base electrode of an NPN triode through the resistance-capacitance filtering of the capacitors C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter electrode of the triode is connected with the positive operating power supply of the hysteresis comparator; the collector of the NPN triode is connected with the two resistors in series, and the driving voltage formed on the R7 is connected to the grid of the D2 power tube through the resistor R8; the source electrode of the power tube is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source through a sampling resistor R11; the PNP triode, the current-limiting resistor R10 and the sampling resistor R11 form a power tube protection loop, the emitting electrode of the triode is connected to the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source, and the collecting electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the power tube; the small-signal reference input and output feedback voltage AC _ out generates current through a resistor and is connected into a hysteresis comparator, the load current driven after integral output is converted into gate-source control voltage of a driving power tube, and finally output closed-loop control is formed.
The input reference signal and the output voltage signal are respectively connected to the negative terminal of a comparator U1 through the resistors R2 and R3 to generate currents, the currents are compared, integrated and filtered, and then the currents are output to directly drive a load resistor R4, and the currents are necessary conditions for generating the voltage of a driving power tube;
the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with a voltage regulator tube D1 in series, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with the base electrode of a D3 triode through filtering current limiting of C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter of the voltage dividing resistor R6 is directly connected with a positive working power supply of the hysteresis comparator;
the collector of the D3 triode is connected in series with a divider resistor R9, the other end of R9 is connected in series with a driving voltage forming resistor R7, and is finally connected to a direct current forward voltage end 300+, and the voltage at the upper end of R7 is connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting of R8;
the source of the power tube D2 is connected to the positive end of the DC power supply through the sampling resistor R11, and the drain of the power tube D2 is connected to the drain of the negative power tube, so as to form an output port AC _ out.
The design idea is ingenious, the circuit structure is simple and flexible, the parameter calculation is very convenient, the requirement of batch production is met, the production efficiency and the test efficiency and the reliability can be obviously improved, and the practical value is very high.
The present invention relates to power system technology, and more particularly to a high frequency response, low voltage ac output, low power circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the novel inversion control concept is provided, the loop can provide hundreds of volt-ampere power output through reasonable parameter design, and the circuit has the advantages of high frequency response speed, simple structure, convenience in debugging and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a positive terminal in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein the following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for further describing the details, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and all similar structures and similar variations using the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, and the pause numbers in the present invention shall indicate the relation.
A novel low-voltage high-frequency band inverter circuit comprises a hysteresis comparator, an operational amplifier working power supply, a power tube driving circuit and a power tube protection circuit;
the cathode of the input of the hysteresis comparator is connected with a reference input R2 and a feedback input R3, the anode of the hysteresis comparator forms integral association with the capacitors of the matching resistors R1 and C1, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives the load resistor R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with an emitting electrode of a triode D3, and a base electrode of the operational amplifier working power supply V + is connected with reference voltage formed by a resistor, a voltage regulator tube and a capacitor;
the collector of a triode D3 of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R9 and a driving resistor R7, and the two resistors are connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting resistor after voltage division;
the power tube protection loop comprises a PNP triode, a current limiting resistor R10 and a sampling resistor R11 and is used for real-time protection of a power tube D2;
the reference small signal voltage is converted into a current signal through R2, the current signal and a feedback current signal generated by the feedback voltage through R3 are introduced into a hysteresis comparator for difference calculation, and the output of the hysteresis comparator directly drives a load resistor R4 through operational amplifier integral filtering; the hysteresis comparator drives a resistor R4 to generate a driving current which is finally derived from an operational amplifier working power supply V +/V-, and besides basic static current consumption, the dynamic current of the operational amplifier working power supply is related to the forward proportion of the current flowing through a load R4;
the operational amplifier working power supply V + is generated through a voltage dividing resistor R6, a voltage stabilizing tube D1 and a capacitor C2, and then is connected into an NPN triode through R5 and C3 current limiting filtering, and a D3 emitter of the operational amplifier working power supply is connected into an input end V + of an operational amplifier positive power supply, so that the final generation reference of the operational amplifier power supply is completed; the operational amplifier working power supply V +/-driving current is finally driven by CE electrode current amplified by the triode D3, and load R4 current output by the hysteresis comparator U1 is finally converted into collector current of the triode D3;
the power tube driving loop is formed by dividing the current of a collector of a triode D3 through resistors R9 and R7, and is connected to a grid electrode of a power tube D2 through a current limiting resistor R8 to control the switching state of the power tube;
the power tube protection circuit is composed of a PNP triode D4, resistors R10 and R11, when the load current of the main circuit is too large, sampling voltage is formed through the sampling resistor R11, and the PNP triode is driven through the current limiting resistor R10, so that the current flowing through a collector of D4 is increased, a shunt effect is formed on the resistor R7, and the effect of reducing the gate starting voltage of the D2 tube is achieved.
The structure of the operational amplifier working power supply V-is the same as that of the operational amplifier working power supply V +.
The reference signal is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier through R2, the output of the operational amplifier directly drives a load resistor R4 after integral filtering, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with a zero level; the voltage dividing resistor R6 and the voltage stabilizing tube D1 divide and stabilize the DC voltage source 300+ voltage to generate an acceptable operating voltage of the operational amplifier, the acceptable operating voltage is accessed to the base electrode of an NPN triode through the resistance-capacitance filtering of the capacitors C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter electrode of the triode is connected with the positive operating power supply of the hysteresis comparator; the collector of the NPN triode is connected with the two resistors in series, and the driving voltage formed on the R7 is connected to the grid of the D2 power tube through the resistor R8; the source electrode of the power tube is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source through a sampling resistor R11; the PNP triode, the current-limiting resistor R10 and the sampling resistor R11 form a power tube protection loop, the emitting electrode of the triode is connected to the positive electrode of a direct-current voltage source, and the collecting electrode of the triode is connected with the grid electrode of the power tube; the small-signal reference input and output feedback voltage AC _ out generates current through a resistor and is connected into a hysteresis comparator, the load current driven after integral output is converted into gate-source control voltage of a driving power tube, and finally output closed-loop control is formed.
The input reference signal and the output voltage signal are respectively connected to the negative terminal of a comparator U1 through the resistors R2 and R3 to generate currents, the currents are compared, integrated and filtered, and then the currents are output to directly drive a load resistor R4, and the currents are necessary conditions for generating the voltage of a driving power tube;
the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with a voltage regulator tube D1 in series, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with the base electrode of a D3 triode through filtering current limiting of C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter of the voltage dividing resistor R6 is directly connected with a positive working power supply of the hysteresis comparator;
the collector of the D3 triode is connected in series with a divider resistor R9, the other end of R9 is connected in series with a driving voltage forming resistor R7, and is finally connected to a direct current forward voltage end 300+, and the voltage at the upper end of R7 is connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting of R8;
the source of the power tube D2 is connected to the positive end of the DC power supply through the sampling resistor R11, and the drain of the power tube D2 is connected to the drain of the negative power tube, so as to form an output port AC _ out.
As shown in fig. 1, the principle of the positive power supply loop and the principle of the negative power supply loop are similar to those of the positive power supply loop, but they are mirror images, and are not described herein again. The embodiment of the invention provides a quick response inverter circuit, which comprises a hysteresis comparator, an operational amplifier working power supply generating circuit, a power tube driving circuit and a power tube protecting circuit, wherein the hysteresis comparator is used for comparing the hysteresis comparator with the operational amplifier working power supply generating circuit;
the input reference signal and the output voltage signal are respectively generated through resistors R2 and R3 to be connected to the negative terminal of a comparator U1, and are output to directly drive a load resistor R4 after comparison, integration and filtering, wherein the current is a necessary condition for generating the voltage of a driving power tube;
the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with a voltage regulator tube D1 in series, the voltage dividing resistor R6 is connected with the base electrode of a D3 triode through filtering current limiting of C2, R5 and C3, and the emitter of the voltage dividing resistor R6 is directly connected with a positive working power supply of the comparator;
the collector of the D3 triode is connected in series with a divider resistor R9, the other end of R9 is connected in series with a driving voltage forming resistor R7, and is finally connected to a direct current forward voltage end 300+, and the voltage at the upper end of R7 is connected to the grid of a power tube D2 through the current-limiting of R8;
the source of the power tube D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the dc power supply through the sampling resistor R11, and the drain of the power tube D2 is connected to the drain of the negative power tube (similar in principle, not shown in the figure), so as to form an output port AC _ out.
The D4 triode, the R10 resistor and the R11 resistor form a power tube protection loop.
The working principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
in the initial state, the resistance current at the input terminal R2 is zero, and the AC _ out output is also zero. At a certain moment, when the voltage of the input R2 port is not zero (assumed to be-1V), because the output is still zero level, the voltage applied to the negative input end of the comparator U1 after the voltage division action of the resistors R2 and R3 is smaller than zero, the comparator outputs a high level signal after integration and filtering, and drives the R4 load resistor to form a forward driving current. Since the driving current is finally derived from V +, the triode D3 is in the forward dynamic amplification process, the current forms a voltage drop through the resistor R7, and is superposed between the gate and the source of the power tube D2 through the current limiting resistor R8, causing the power tube D2 to be in the micro-on state, at this moment, the forward driving power supply 300+ is in the gradually increasing state through the current limiting resistor R11, and the voltage superposed on the load R12 by the micro-on power tube D2 is in the gradually increasing state until the current is counteracted with the reference command current flowing through R2 through the feedback resistor R3, the feedback process starts from the effective activation of the command input voltage, and the response time of the feedback process is mainly coherent with the device speed and parameter design. The whole dynamic response speed is high, the driving output is stable and reliable, and the device is very suitable for the current application range of low-power, low-voltage and high-frequency response output.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.