阅读说明：本技术 一种全生物降解环保材料 (Full-biodegradable environment-friendly material ) 是由 沈金良 于 2020-07-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全生物降解环保材料的制造,所述一种全生物降解环保材料是由聚乙二酸(DBAT)/对苯二甲酸丁二酸加溃粉再到入适量增溶剂混合后经密炼机塑化,然后通过挤出机造剂上粒为母料而成。该全生物降解环保材料,整个合成路线工艺简单,反应器单一,而且厂区投资小,常压下操作,原料不会释放出毒性气体和废水。综合考虑风险较小。同时主要原料为淀粉和聚乳酸、聚乙二酸,价廉易得,其制品有极好的耐水、耐油等性能；有适宜的保质期,不易变质；废弃后极易降解(堆肥状态下6个月降解成二氧化碳、水和矿物质)；降解后不释放污染物质,对环境没有影响；使用过程中不释放气体和其他物质；无毒、无害、无味；能适应的温度区间为:-20°C--200°C；易工业化大规模生产,其材料能够应用于：吹塑、挤塑、注塑等领域,因此,适宜推广。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a full-biodegradable environment-friendly material, which is prepared by adding powder crushing into polyethylene glycol terephthalate (DBAT)/succinic acid terephthalate, adding a proper amount of solubilizer, mixing, plasticizing by a mixer, and granulating by an extruder to obtain a master batch. The full-biodegradable environment-friendly material has the advantages of simple process of the whole synthetic route, single reactor, small plant investment, normal-pressure operation and no release of toxic gas and wastewater from raw materials. The risk is small in comprehensive consideration. Meanwhile, the main raw materials are starch, polylactic acid and polyethylene glycol, the price is low, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the product has excellent water resistance, oil resistance and other properties; has suitable shelf life and is not easy to deteriorate; is extremely easy to degrade after being discarded (to carbon dioxide, water and mineral substances in a compost state for 6 months); no pollutant is released after degradation, and no influence is caused on the environment; gas and other substances are not released in the using process; no toxicity, no harm and no smell; the temperature range capable of being adapted to is-20 ℃ to-200 ℃; the material is easy to realize industrial mass production, and can be applied to: blow molding, extrusion molding, injection molding and the like, so the method is suitable for popularization.)

1. A method for manufacturing a full-biodegradable environment-friendly material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the fully biodegradable environment-friendly material is prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol/terephthalic acid succinic acid and starch with a solubilizer, plasticizing the mixture by a mixer, granulating the mixture into a master batch by a double-screw extruder, and maintaining the master batch in a proper environment, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 15-35% plasticizer into 50-65% starch, mixing for 50s and 1.5% solubilizer in high speed mixer for 2 hr to obtain modified starch,

step two: mixing modified starch with 35-50% of polyethylene glycol/terephthalic acid succinic acid, heating to 120 ℃, adding 2.5% of coupling agent, stirring for 3-5h, drying, and mixing for 1h in a double-roller open mill;

step three: 6 to 10 percent of additive is added into the mixture and is sent into a double-screw extruder for granulation to prepare the master batch.

2. The fully biodegradable environment-friendly material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coupling agent is an aluminate coupling agent.

3. The fully biodegradable environment-friendly material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the drying temperature of the second step is 80-90 ℃.

4. The fully biodegradable environment-friendly material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the additives in the third step are as follows: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polycaprolactone PCL and polyhydroxyalkanoate.

5. The fully biodegradable environment-friendly material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plasticizer in the first step can be polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol.

6. The fully biodegradable environment-friendly material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the plasticizer in the first step is PVA-1797 polyvinyl alcohol, the content of polyethylene and starch is 25-35% respectively.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of novel environment-friendly materials, and particularly relates to a full-biodegradable environment-friendly material.

Background

The full-biodegradable environment-friendly material is a new material industry for replacing plastic products. In recent years, the plastic industry has developed rapidly with the rapid development of national economy, particularly the petrochemical industry. The apparent consumption of synthetic resin in 1998 was about 14940 ten thousand tons and that of plastic articles was 1427.6 ten thousand tons. As an important industrial material and a consumption material, the plastic material and the product are widely applied to the fields of industry, agriculture, packaging industry, high technology and various aspects of people's life, and are juxtaposed with steel, wood and cement to form four main supporting column materials. Plays an increasingly important role in promoting the technical progress of national economic reserve departments and meeting the needs of people in life. In recent years, about 400 million tons of plastic for packaging in China, about 120 million tons of plastic packaging waste generated each year when about 30% of disposable plastic packages which are difficult to recycle account for, and about 40 million tons of plastic mulching films are thin (less than 8 μm), so that the plastic mulching films are broken in farmlands after use and contain a large amount of sandy soil, are difficult to recycle, and about 40 million tons of disposable daily sundries and medical supplies which are difficult to recycle. The comprehensive utilization of the various secondary plastic wastes reaches about 200 ten thousand tons. According to the investigation of cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin, the mass fraction of the plastic waste in an urban solid waste treatment system (ASW) is about 3-7%, and the rest volume fraction accounts for 10-20%. The environmental problems caused by the method are increasingly serious, and great attention and strong reverberation are brought to the whole society. For this reason, the government of China has paid great attention to, and countermeasures and measures are being actively studied. The widespread use of plastic products in industry and daily life generates large quantities of plastic waste that is difficult to dispose of, creating a serious environmental hazard. The environmental pollution problem of waste plastics is reduced and solved, high attention is paid to all countries in the world, and the use and development of the full-biodegradable material become one of important means for solving the 'white pollution' of all countries.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a full-biodegradable environment-friendly material to solve the background technology

The wide application of the plastic products in industry and daily life proposed in (1) generates a large amount of plastic garbage which is difficult to treat, and forms a problem of serious environmental hazard.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the fully biodegradable environment-friendly material is prepared by adding a solubilizer into starch, mixing with polyethylene glycol (DBAT), plasticizing by a mixer, granulating by a double-screw extruder and drying, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: taking 50-65% of starch, adding 15-35% of plasticizer, mixing for 50s, and mixing 1.5% of solubilizer in a high-speed mixer for 2h to obtain modified starch.

Step two: mixing modified starch with 35-50% of polyethylene glycol/terephthalic acid succinic acid, heating to 120 ℃, adding 2.5% of coupling agent, stirring for 3-5h, drying, and mixing for 1h in a double-roller open mill;

step three: adding 6-10% of additive into the mixture, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and ventilating and drying the mixture at the temperature of 50-70 ℃.

Preferably, the coupling agent is an aluminate coupling agent.

Preferably, the drying temperature in the second step is 50-70 ℃.

Preferably, the additives in the third step are: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polycaprolactone PCL and polyhydroxyalkanoate.

Preferably, the plasticizer in the first step may be polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol.

Preferably, when the plasticizer in the first step is PVA-1797 polyvinyl alcohol, the content of polyethylene and starch is 25-35% respectively.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the full-biodegradable environment-friendly material has the advantages of simple process of the whole preparation route, single reactor, small investment in plant area, normal-pressure operation and no release of toxic gas and wastewater from raw materials. The risk is small in comprehensive consideration. Simultaneously, the main raw materials are starch, polyethylene glycol and polyethylene, which are cheap and easily available, and the main components are starch, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol which can be completely degraded by microorganisms, so the biodegradable material belongs to a completely biodegradable material, the biodegradation performance of the biodegradable material really meets the requirement of environmental protection, the biodegradable material can be slowly degraded after three weeks in a compost state after the quality guarantee period, and can be completely degraded within 6 months

The carbon dioxide, water and harmless minerals are assimilated with soil and air, the temperature is properly increased, the degradation can be accelerated, the product is placed outdoors or in the field after being used, and the product can be completely dissolved after being washed by rainwater for several times and flows away with the rainwater to participate in the circulation of the nature. The water-soluble substance is colorless, tasteless, nontoxic and harmless, and can be used as a soil conditioner when permeating into soil, and is particularly suitable for sand soil transformation. Starch is biodegradable in nature, while polyethylene or polyvinyl alcohol can be decomposed in nature by both hydrolytic and biodegradation, with the final decomposition products being H2O and CO 2.

The material is specially made and suitable for the environment-friendly bag and has the following advantages;

1. the paint has excellent water resistance, oil resistance and other properties;

2. has suitable shelf life and is not easy to deteriorate;

3. the waste is easy to degrade;

4. no pollutant is released after degradation, and no influence is caused on the environment;

5. gas and other substances are not released in the using process;

6. no toxicity, no harm and no smell;

7. the temperature range capable of being adapted to is-20 ℃ to-200 ℃.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to specific examples: the first embodiment is as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: taking starch 30%, adding polyethylene 30%, mixing for 30s, and mixing solubilizer 1.5% in high-speed mixer for 2h to obtain modified starch.

Step two: mixing modified starch with 26% of polyethylene glycol, heating to 100-120 ℃, adding 2.5% of aluminate coupling agent, stirring for 3h, drying at 60-80 ℃, and feeding in a double-roller open mill

Line mixing for 1 h;

step three: 10% of polyvinyl alcohol PVA is added to the mixture and fed into a twin-screw extruder for granulation. After the quality preservation period, the weight loss rate of the product can reach 35 percent under the condition of a compost test for 30 days, and the product is subjected to a soil burial test

Under the condition of 60 days, the weight loss rate can reach 55 percent, and 90 days, the weight loss rate can reach 70 percent. 120, the daily weight loss rate can reach 87.5 percent and 150 days, the weight loss rate can reach 93 percent and 180 days, the degradation is completed, and the requirement of completely biodegradable materials is met.