阅读说明：本技术 一种制备海洋风电塔筒防腐涂层的方法 (Method for preparing anticorrosive coating of ocean wind power tower ) 是由 张瑞华 康平 尹燕 路超 肖梦智 栗子林 张圆 刘燕红 邱桥 华炳钟 林晓云 于 2019-12-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种海洋风电塔筒表面防腐蚀涂层的制备方法,具体是利用高速激光熔覆技术来制备海洋风电塔筒防腐蚀涂层。所述的方法为利用超高速激光熔覆设备在不送粉的条件下,先对筒体表面进行激光清洗,然后以合理配置粉末粒径配比的合金粉末做为熔覆材料,进行超高速激光熔覆。本发明克服了传统海洋风电塔筒防腐涂层制造过程复杂、工艺繁琐、涂料保护与基体结合力弱、涂层寿命短、容易破环等缺点。同时该方法生产率高、节约生产成本且生产过程易于实现自动化、智能化。(The invention relates to a preparation method of an anti-corrosion coating on the surface of an ocean wind power tower, in particular to a preparation method of an anti-corrosion coating of an ocean wind power tower by utilizing a high-speed laser cladding technology. The method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out laser cleaning on the surface of a cylinder by using ultrahigh-speed laser cladding equipment under the condition of not feeding powder, and then carrying out ultrahigh-speed laser cladding by using alloy powder with reasonably configured powder particle size ratio as a cladding material. The invention overcomes the defects of complex manufacturing process, complex process, weak binding force between coating protection and a substrate, short service life of the coating, easy damage and the like of the traditional marine wind power tower cylinder anticorrosive coating. Meanwhile, the method has high production rate, saves the production cost, and is easy to realize automation and intellectualization in the production process.)

1. A method of preparing a coating for a marine wind tower, comprising the steps of:

1) laser cleaning;

2) performing ultra-high-speed laser cladding by taking alloy powder as a cladding material;

wherein, the same laser cladding head is adopted for laser cleaning and laser cladding.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the laser cleaning process is: the diameter of the light spot is 2-10mm, the laser power is 200-1000W, and the cleaning speed is 75-300 m/min;

preferably, the laser cleaning process is as follows: the diameter of the light spot is 3-8mm, the laser power is 400-800W, and the cleaning speed is 100-250 m/min;

preferably, the laser cleaning process is as follows: the diameter of the light spot is 4-6mm, the laser power is 500-600W, and the cleaning speed is 150-225 m/min.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the laser cladding process comprises: the laser spot and the powder spot are superposed at the position 05-2.0mm above the surface of the matrix to be cladded, the diameter of the laser spot is 1-3.5mm, the cladding speed is 20-50m/min, the laser power is 1300-2150W, and the powder feeding speed is 8-30 g/min; the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.2-0.6 mm;

preferably, the laser cladding process is as follows: the laser spot and the powder spot are superposed at the position 0.6-1.8mm above the surface of the matrix to be clad, the diameter of the laser spot is 1.2-3.2mm, the cladding speed is 30-45m/min, the laser power is 1400-1950W, and the powder feeding speed is 10-25 g/min; the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.25-0.55 mm;

preferably, the laser cladding process is as follows: the laser spot and the powder spot are superposed at the position 0.8-1.5mm above the surface of the matrix to be cladded, the diameter of the laser spot is 1.4-2.8mm, the cladding speed is 35-40m/min, the laser power is 1600-1900W, and the powder feeding speed is 15-23 g/min; the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.35-0.5 mm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the alloy powder has a particle size in the range of 15-55 μm.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the alloy powder particle size fraction ratio is as follows: 10-30% of 15-25 μm, 20-50% of 26-35 μm, 30-60% of 36-45 μm and 10-30% of 46-55 μm;

preferably, the proportion of the alloy powder particle size section is as follows: 10-20% of 15-25 μm, 25-45% of 26-35 μm, 40-55% of 36-45 μm and 10-15% of 46-55 μm;

preferably, the sphericity of the alloy powder is more than or equal to 95%.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alloy powder is selected from one or more of cobalt-based alloy, nickel-based alloy and copper alloy;

preferably, the cobalt-based alloy is selected from one or more of CoCrW, CoCrMo, CoCrNi and CoCrMoW;

preferably, the nickel-based alloy is selected from one or more of Ni60, Ni800H, Ni 625, Ni690 and Ni 601;

preferably, the copper alloy is selected from one or more of aluminum brass, nickel brass, aluminum bronze, beryllium bronze and cupronickel.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the pre-rolled sheet is coated; or preparing a coating and then rolling the plate;

preferably, the step of preparing the coating after rolling the coil comprises the following steps: rolling a steel plate into a cylinder, welding, polishing and flattening a welding line, fixing a cylinder component, enabling the cylinder to perform rotary motion, and fixing a cladding head above the cylinder and vertical to the axis of the cylinder, thereby realizing the preparation of a cladding layer on the surface of the cylinder;

preferably, preparing the coating prior to rolling comprises the steps of: fixing the plate on a machine tool, driving the high-speed laser cladding head to move by a reciprocating mechanism for cladding, and after finishing processing, rolling into a cylinder shape and welding into a cylinder component.

8. A coating prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Use of a coating according to claims 1-7 or according to claim 8 for corrosion protection of a marine wind tower.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of laser additive preparation, relates to preparation of a large-sized cylindrical part anticorrosive coating by laser cladding, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an anticorrosive coating of a marine wind power tower by using an ultrahigh-speed laser cladding technology.

Technical Field

The corrosion of materials occurs in various fields of the nation, which not only causes great economic loss but also seriously affects the safety performance of components. A plurality of large-scale marine wind power plants are built in the sea areas such as south China sea, and the marine wind power towers are key parts of marine wind power equipment, so that the corrosion resistance of the marine wind power equipment is improved, and the marine wind power equipment has great economic significance and engineering significance.

Offshore wind towers typically use Q345D steel. The ocean wind power is used as a large-scale offshore steel structure and is in a severe corrosion environment such as high temperature, high humidity, salt fog and the like for a long time, the corrosion prevention measures of the steel structure are strict, the service life of the surface corrosion prevention protection is required to be at least more than 15 years, the aim is to achieve the same 20-year service life as that of a land wind generating set, and the corrosion depth is not more than 0.5mm in 20 years. In addition, steel structures at different parts face different environmental conditions, and targeted anticorrosion control should be adopted in an atmospheric region, a splashing region and the like respectively.

The existing protection mode of the wind power tower has a plurality of problems, the coating protection mode is characterized in that the coating and the substrate are mechanically and physically combined, the coating is easily subjected to corrosion of the marine atmospheric environment and has the problems of light loss, color change, pulverization, bulging, cracking, swelling and the like, if part of the coating has defects and the like, the whole coating loses the protection effect, and the coating needs to be completely removed and recoated. The thermal spraying metal protection has the advantages that the coating metal and the matrix are mainly mechanically and physically combined, the bonding strength of the coating metal and the matrix is poor, in addition, the coating has small density and large void ratio, and therefore, the protection effect is not ideal. Electrochemical protection protects the cathodic metal components by sacrificial anodes, the corrosion margin ensures the impact of corrosion on the mechanical properties of the overall component by increasing the original thickness of the metal component, both of these protection modes result in material waste and pollution of the marine ecology. The traditional preparation process of the anticorrosive coating of the marine wind power tower mainly comprises surface pretreatment of a cylindrical member and coating of a coating paint. The surface preparation is usually carried out by polishing with a doctor blade or a grinder, then brushing with a detergent, and finally cleaning the surface with dust and residues with a vacuum cleaner or compressed air. The coating of the coating is characterized in that different coating varieties are selected and the proper coating layer number is selected according to different use environments and different construction conditions. The whole preparation process is complex and the process is complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel preparation method of an ocean wind power tower barrel anticorrosive coating, and aims to solve the problems that the traditional ocean wind power tower barrel anticorrosive coating is complex in preparation process, complex in process, easy to lose efficacy and the like.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the marine wind power tower barrel anticorrosive coating, which is simple in process.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the marine wind power tower cylinder anticorrosive coating with good anticorrosive performance.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the marine wind power tower barrel anticorrosive coating with stable process.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means:

the invention provides a preparation method for preparing a surface coating of an ocean wind power tower, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) laser cleaning;

2) and performing ultra-high-speed laser cladding by using the alloy powder as a cladding material.

The invention adopts laser cleaning and ultrahigh-speed laser cladding for the first time in the field of preparation of coatings of marine wind power towers. Ultra-high speed laser cladding is still in the field of application and development stage at present and is only used on some smaller metal components. The problems that the cladding process is difficult to stably carry out, a cladding layer is cracked, the thickness of the cladding layer is not uniform and the like when the cladding layer is used on a large component need to be overcome. The invention applies the cladding method to the large steel member such as the ocean wind power tower cylinder for the first time, and solves the problems of uneven thickness of the cladding layer of the large steel member, poor cracking performance of the cladding layer and the like through powder granularity adjustment. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of the cladding layer is greatly improved by using the formula of the corrosion-resistant powder.

In some embodiments, the coating may be prepared prior to rolling, i.e., the coating is prepared prior to rolling.

Further, in some embodiments, preparing the coated coil before rolling comprises the steps of: fixing the plate on a machine tool, driving the high-speed laser cladding head to move by a reciprocating mechanism for cladding, and after finishing processing, rolling the plate into a cylinder by using a plate rolling machine and welding the plate into a cylinder component.

In other embodiments, the coating may be prepared after rolling the sheet, i.e., rolling the sheet first and then preparing the coating.

Further, in some embodiments, the step of preparing the coating after rolling the coil comprises the steps of: and rolling the steel plate into a cylindrical shape by using a plate rolling machine, polishing and flattening the welding line after the welding is finished, fixing the barrel component to make the barrel perform a rotary motion, and fixing the cladding head above the barrel at a certain distance and vertical to the axis of the barrel, thereby realizing the preparation of the cladding layer on the surface of the barrel.

In a preferred embodiment, the plate is rolled first and then the coating is prepared, and in this case, compared with the previous plate which is clad first, the corrosion problem of the welding seam area is not needed to be treated, and the working procedures are relatively reduced compared with the former method.

The technical scheme of the invention is to carry out pretreatment-laser cleaning on the surface of the material before cladding.

In one embodiment, the laser cleaning is performed by using a laser head of ultra-high-speed laser cladding equipment, and the surface of the cylinder is cleaned by adopting a proper process under the condition of no powder feeding, so that the surface of the cylinder is ensured to be clean. Namely, the laser cleaning and the ultrahigh-speed laser cladding both adopt laser cladding heads, and the heads are not changed during the cleaning and cladding, so that the efficiency is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of cladding before rolling.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of plate rolling and cladding.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of the nickel 60(Ni60) cladding layer in example 1.

FIG. 4 is a structural morphology of a cladding layer prepared in comparative example 1.

FIG. 5A cobalt-based ultra high speed laser cladding layer in example 2: (a) macroscopic morphology of the cladding layer; (b) the joint of the cladding layer and the substrate; (c) the structure of the middle part of the cladding layer.

FIG. 6 microhardness curve of cladding to substrate in example 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. The specific examples set forth herein are presented for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.

TABLE 1 elemental content of Ni60

TABLE 2 Co-based alloying element content