阅读说明：本技术 一种毛细管光度仪 (Capillary photometer ) 是由 黄辉 渠波 李雪晶 蔡伟成 于 2020-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种毛细管光度仪。该毛细管光度仪包括光源、毛细管和光电探测器,光源和光电探测器设置于毛细管的两端；光源与毛细管之间设置有第一反射镜,毛细管与光电探测器之间设置有第二反射镜；光源与第一反射镜之间设置有第一透镜,第一反射镜与毛细管之间设置有第二透镜；第一反射镜上设置有第一透光孔,第二反射镜上设置有第二透光孔。本发明通过在第一反射镜的两侧分别设置第一透镜和第二透镜,该两个透镜与透光孔的组合,解决了平行光通过小孔的难题——既能高效通过小孔聚焦,又能保持光束的平行度,该平行光束在毛细管内来回反射传输,可以最有效的增加光程,还能降低管壁反射导致的损耗等问题。(The invention relates to a capillary photometer. The capillary photometer comprises a light source, a capillary and a photoelectric detector, wherein the light source and the photoelectric detector are arranged at two ends of the capillary; a first reflector is arranged between the light source and the capillary tube, and a second reflector is arranged between the capillary tube and the photoelectric detector; a first lens is arranged between the light source and the first reflector, and a second lens is arranged between the first reflector and the capillary tube; the first reflector is provided with a first light hole, and the second reflector is provided with a second light hole. The invention solves the problem that parallel light can pass through the small hole, not only can be efficiently focused through the small hole, but also can keep the parallelism of the light beam, the parallel light beam is reflected and transmitted back and forth in the capillary tube, the optical path can be increased most effectively, and the problems of loss and the like caused by tube wall reflection can be reduced.)

1. A capillary photometer, comprising: the capillary photometer comprises a light source, a capillary and a photoelectric detector, wherein the light source and the photoelectric detector are arranged on two sides of the capillary;

a first reflector is arranged between the light source and the capillary tube, and a second reflector is arranged between the capillary tube and the photoelectric detector;

a first lens is arranged between the light source and the first reflector, and a second lens is arranged between the first reflector and the capillary tube;

the first reflector is provided with a first light hole, and the second reflector is provided with a second light hole.

2. The capillary photometer of claim 1, wherein the angle between the mirror surface of the second mirror and the axis of the capillary is α, α < 90 °.

3. The capillary photometer of claim 2, wherein 80 ° ≦ α < 90 °.

4. The capillary photometer of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical axes of the first and second lenses form an angle of less than 20 ° with the axis of the capillary tube.

5. The capillary photometer of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the capillary has an inner diameter of 10 μm to 10 cm.

6. The capillary photometer of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first light transmitting hole or the second light transmitting hole is provided as a circular hole having an inner diameter of 10 μm to 1 cm.

7. The capillary photometer of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first light transmitting hole or the second light transmitting hole is provided as an annular hole having an inner diameter of 10 μm to 1cm and an outer diameter of 20 μm to 2 cm.

8. The capillary photometer of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the capillary is a Teflon tube, a glass tube, or a metal tube.

9. The capillary photometer of claim 8, wherein the side walls of the capillary are coated with a film layer.

10. The capillary photometer of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first light hole is disposed at the center of the first mirror and the second light hole is disposed at a position near both ends of the second mirror.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a capillary photometer, which improves the detection sensitivity by increasing the optical path.

Background

Capillary photometers are widely used for detecting the components (i.e. the content of trace substances) of liquid or gas samples, and the working principle thereof is as follows: and (3) placing the sample to be detected in a cuvette or a capillary, allowing the probe beam to pass through the sample to be detected, and detecting the absorption spectrum of the sample to be detected on the probe beam or the radiation fluorescence of the sample to be detected so as to obtain the content of the trace substances in the sample to be detected. The capillary tube can obtain a longer optical path compared to the cuvette, thereby improving detection sensitivity.

The prior capillary tube has the following defects: the transmission distance (i.e., optical path) of the light beam within the capillary is close to the physical length of the capillary. For higher detection sensitivity, the optical length needs to be further increased. Therefore, the optical reflectors are arranged at the two ends of the capillary, so that the light beams can be reflected and transmitted back and forth between the two reflectors, and the optical path is effectively improved. In this reflection mode, the light beam is mainly reflected and transmitted between the mirrors, but not between the tube walls. Therefore, the reflectivity or polishing degree of the tube wall does not need to be improved, and the requirement on the capillary tube is reduced.

However, in order to couple the light beam into the capillary, an aperture in the mirror is required. There is a contradiction in the choice of pore size: in order to allow more light to enter the capillary tube to increase the coupling efficiency, the aperture needs to be enlarged; in order for the beam to undergo more reflections within the tube (i.e., longer optical path length), the aperture needs to be reduced to reduce leakage of the beam. Although beam focusing, as shown in fig. 1, can increase the coupling efficiency of the aperture, focusing causes the divergence angle of the beam to be large, thereby causing the beam to tend to travel between the capillary walls, instead of between the mirrors, reducing the optical path improvement effect.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to find a new capillary structure for solving the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a capillary photometer.

The invention relates to a capillary photometer, which adopts the technical scheme that:

the capillary photometer comprises a light source, a capillary and a photoelectric detector, wherein the light source and the photoelectric detector are arranged on two sides of the capillary;

a first reflector is arranged between the light source and the capillary tube, and a second reflector is arranged between the capillary tube and the photoelectric detector;

a first lens is arranged between the light source and the first reflector, and a second lens is arranged between the first reflector and the capillary tube;

the first reflector is provided with a first light hole, and the second reflector is provided with a second light hole.

The invention provides a capillary photometer, which also comprises the following attached technical scheme:

wherein the included angle between the mirror surface of the second reflector and the axis of the capillary is alpha which is less than 90 degrees.

Wherein alpha is more than or equal to 80 degrees and less than 90 degrees.

Wherein, the included angles between the optical axes of the first lens and the second lens and the axis of the capillary tube are all smaller than 20 degrees.

Wherein the inner diameter of the capillary is 10 μm-10 cm.

The first light hole and the second light hole are both circular holes, and the inner diameter of each circular hole is 10-1 cm.

The first light hole and the second light hole are both annular holes, the inner diameter of each annular hole is 10-1 cm, and the outer diameter of each annular hole is 20-2 cm.

Wherein the capillary tube is a Teflon tube, a glass tube or a metal tube.

Wherein, the side wall of the capillary is plated with a film layer.

The first light hole is formed in the center of the first reflector, and the second light hole is formed in the position, close to two ends, of the second reflector.

The invention improves the optical path by respectively arranging the first reflector and the second reflector at the two ends of the capillary, and the detection light beam is reflected back and forth between the reflectors at the two ends of the capillary, thereby not only effectively increasing the optical path, namely the increase of the optical path by one reflection is equal to the length of the capillary, but also being easy to select high-reflectivity materials as reflectors, such as silver reflectors or dielectric film reflectors, and greatly reducing the reflection loss. In contrast, if the inner wall of the capillary is used to reflect light, the increase of the optical path by the method is limited, the increase of the optical path by the reflection of the inner wall once is far smaller than the length of the capillary, and the polishing process and the coating process of the inner wall of the capillary are complicated, and the rough surface can cause scattering loss.

The invention solves the problem that parallel light passes through the small hole, namely the parallel light can be efficiently focused through the small hole and the parallelism of the light beam can be kept through arranging the first lens and the second lens on two sides of the first reflector respectively and combining the two lenses with the light hole.

The parallel light beams in the invention are reflected and transmitted back and forth in the capillary, so that the optical path can be increased most effectively, and the problems of loss and the like caused by the reflection of the tube wall can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art capillary photometer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a capillary photometer according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The invention provides a capillary photometer, as shown in fig. 2, the capillary photometer comprises a light source 1, a capillary 6 and a photoelectric detector 9, wherein the light source 1 and the photoelectric detector 9 are arranged at two sides of the capillary 6; wherein the inner diameter of the capillary 6 is 10 μm to 10 cm.

A first reflector 5 is arranged between the light source 1 and the capillary 6, and a second reflector 7 is arranged between the capillary 6 and the photoelectric detector 9;

a first lens 3 is arranged between the light source 1 and the first reflector 5, and a second lens 10 is arranged between the first reflector 5 and the capillary 6; the first lens 3 is used for focusing a detection light beam emitted by the light source on the light-transmitting hole so as to be coupled into the capillary; the second lens 10 is used for expanding the focused light beam transmitted through the light hole and converting the expanded focused light beam into a parallel light beam. The expanded parallel light can be transmitted in parallel in the capillary, so that the probability and loss of reflection on the side wall of the capillary are reduced, and the probability and times of transmission of the light beam by reflection back and forth between the two reflectors are increased.

The first reflector 5 is provided with a first light hole 4, and the second reflector 7 is provided with a second light hole 8.

The invention improves the optical path by respectively arranging the first reflector and the second reflector at the two ends of the capillary, the detection light beam is reflected back and forth between the reflectors at the two ends of the capillary, the increment of the optical path by one-time reflection is equal to the length of the capillary, the optical path can be increased most effectively, and high-reflectivity materials are easy to select as the reflectors, such as a silver-selecting reflector or a dielectric film reflector, so that the reflection loss is greatly reduced. In contrast, if the light is reflected by the inner wall of the capillary, this method has a limited effect on increasing the optical path length because the optical path length is increased by one reflection of the inner wall much less than the length of the capillary, and the polishing process and the coating process of the inner wall of the capillary are complicated, and the rough surface causes scattering loss.

According to the invention, the first lens and the second lens are respectively arranged on the two sides of the first reflector, and the combination of the two lenses and the light hole solves the problem that parallel light passes through the small hole, so that the focusing can be realized through the small hole efficiently, and the parallelism of light beams can be maintained through beam expansion.

The parallel light beams in the invention are reflected and transmitted back and forth in the capillary, so that the optical path can be increased most effectively, and the problems of loss and the like caused by the reflection of the tube wall can be reduced.

Preferably, the angle between the mirror surface of the second mirror 7 and the axis of the capillary 6 is α, α < 90 °, more preferably 80 ° ≦ α < 90 °. In this embodiment, the angle between the mirror surface of the second mirror and the axis of the capillary is set to be less than 90 ° so as to reflect the light beam transmitted along the axis of the capillary back approximately as it is.

Optionally, the included angle between the optical axis of the first lens 3 and the second lens 10 and the axis of the capillary tube 6 is less than 20 °.

In the embodiment, the included angles between the optical axes of the first lens and the second lens and the axis of the capillary tube are set to be less than 20 degrees so as to ensure that the light beam is transmitted along the axis of the capillary tube.

In one embodiment, the first and second light-transmitting holes are each configured as a circular hole having an inner diameter of 10 μm to 1 cm.

In one embodiment, the first light-transmitting hole and the second light-transmitting hole are both provided as annular holes, the inner diameter of each annular hole is 10 μm-1cm, and the outer diameter of each annular hole is 20 μm-2 cm.

Preferably, the capillary tube is a teflon tube, a glass tube, or a metal tube, wherein the capillary tube may be straight or curved.

More preferably, the side wall of the capillary tube is plated with a film layer, and the film layer may be a metal film or a dielectric film.

In one embodiment, the first light hole is disposed at the center of the first reflector, and the second light hole is disposed at a position close to both ends of the second reflector.

The capillary photometer of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

As shown in FIG. 2, a stainless steel capillary tube with a polished inner wall is selected as the capillary tube 6, and the inner diameter is 0.05-10 mm.

The detection light beam 2 emitted by the light source 1 is focused by the first lens 3, then converged into the light hole 4 of the first reflector 5, and enters the capillary 6 through the light hole 4. Wherein the light transmission hole 4 is located in the middle of the reflector 5. Wherein the reflection film is removed from a partial region of the mirror 5, which forms the light transmission hole 4.

Between the mirror 5 and the capillary 6, a second lens 10 is disposed. The lens can convert the focused light beam transmitted through the light-transmitting hole 4 into a parallel light beam, and then the parallel light beam is incident into the capillary 6. The parallel beam is transmitted along the capillary axis and thus can be effectively prevented from being incident on the side wall of the capillary and reflected back and forth only between the first mirror 5 and the second mirror 7, thereby increasing the optical path most effectively. After multiple reflections, the parallel beam passes through the light-transmitting hole 8 of the second reflector 7, out of the capillary, and is received by the photodetector 9.

When the sample to be detected is introduced into the capillary 6, the sample to be detected has an absorption effect on the parallel light beams in the capillary, so that the intensity of the light beams received by the photoelectric detector is reduced. According to the variable quantity of the light beam intensity, the content of trace substances in the sample to be detected can be obtained.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.