阅读说明：本技术 稳骨式股骨头取出器 (Bone stabilizing type femoral head extractor ) 是由 丁勇 祝丰奎 刘振宇 喻一东 孙瑞泽 马秋野 陈林 官煜超 杨利 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种稳骨式股骨头取出器,包括外筒、内套于外筒内的取骨钻杆和锁紧件,所述外筒前端具有头部,所述头部前端设有固定齿牙,所述取骨钻杆前端为使用时可向前伸出外筒头部的自攻螺旋钻近端,尾端向后伸出外筒后端并用于被操控转动,所述锁紧件用于锁止或解锁外筒和取骨钻杆,使得二者形成传动配合状态或自由转动状态。本发明通过外筒利于稳定股骨头并对股骨头定位,同时外筒作为通道利于取骨钻杆直接经手术切口进入至股骨头处,外筒同时也作为导向作用,利于取骨钻杆稳定、精确的钻入待取骨头内；外筒与取骨钻杆形成传动配合,通过驱动取骨钻杆带动外筒和股骨头转动,利于使得连接于股骨头的韧带断裂,便于股骨头的取出。(The invention discloses a bone stabilizing type femoral head extractor which comprises an outer barrel, a bone taking drill rod and a locking member, wherein the bone taking drill rod is sleeved in the outer barrel in an inner mode, the front end of the outer barrel is provided with a head, the front end of the head is provided with fixed teeth, the front end of the bone taking drill rod is a self-tapping spiral drill near end capable of extending out of the head of the outer barrel forwards in use, the tail end of the bone taking drill rod extends out of the rear end of the outer barrel backwards and is used for being controlled to rotate, and the locking member is used for locking or unlocking the outer barrel and the bone taking drill. The outer barrel is favorable for stabilizing and positioning the femoral head, meanwhile, the outer barrel is used as a channel for facilitating a bone taking drill rod to directly enter the femoral head through an operation incision, and the outer barrel is also used as a guide function for facilitating the bone taking drill rod to stably and accurately drill into the bone to be taken; the outer barrel and the bone taking drill rod form transmission fit, the bone taking drill rod is driven to drive the outer barrel and the femoral head to rotate, ligament connected to the femoral head is broken, and the femoral head can be taken out conveniently.)

1. A bone stabilization type femoral head extractor is characterized in that: including urceolus, endotheca get bone drilling rod and retaining member in the urceolus, the urceolus front end has the internal diameter grow and is used for the head of overcoat in the femoral head in order to stabilize the femoral head, the head front end is equipped with fixed tooth, get the self tapping auger near-end that bone drilling rod front end can stretch out the urceolus head forward when using, the tail end stretches out the urceolus rear end backward and is used for being controlled the rotation, the retaining member is used for locking or unblock urceolus and gets the bone drilling rod for the two forms transmission fit state or free rotation state.

2. The femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the outer barrel is sleeved with the holding sleeve in a clearance fit mode, and a blocking table is fixedly arranged on the outer barrel and can be meshed with or separated from the front end of the holding sleeve.

3. The femoral head extractor of claim 2, wherein: the locking part is a locking sleeve sleeved on the outer barrel, a meshing part is fixedly arranged on the part, exposed out of the tail end of the outer barrel, of the bone taking drill rod, and the locking sleeve can be driven to axially slide along the axial direction of the outer barrel with single degree of freedom and form meshing with the meshing part.

4. The femoral head extractor of claim 3, wherein: the locking sleeve is engaged with the engaging part in a one-way manner, and the engaging direction is consistent with the drilling direction of the bone taking drill rod.

5. The femoral head extractor of claim 2, wherein: one end of the holding sleeve, which is axially close to the stop head, is provided with an engaging groove matched with the outer contour of the stop head, and the holding sleeve can be engaged with the stop table for transmission and can impact the stop table when axially sliding.

6. The femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the outer cylinder head is cylindrical, the front end of the cylindrical shape is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped grooves which are adjacent in sequence, and the fixed teeth are distributed in the arc-shaped grooves.

7. The femoral head extractor of claim 6, wherein: the number of the arc-shaped grooves is four.

8. The femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the bone taking drill rod is approximately vertical to the bone taking drill rod and is provided with an intermediate connecting part; the driving rod is hinged with the middle connecting part in a single degree of freedom, the middle connecting part is further provided with a containing groove for containing the driving rod, and the driving rod is contained in the containing groove after rotating around a hinged point and forms a manual driving end of a T-shaped structure together with the bone taking drill rod; the engaging portion may be fixed to the intermediate connection portion or formed integrally with the intermediate connection portion.

9. The femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the tail part of the bone taking drill rod is arranged into an electric drill connecting part which can be connected with an electric drill chuck.

10. The femoral head extractor of claim 1, wherein: the bone taking drill rod is provided with scales for controlling the drilling depth, and the scales are positioned at the outer circle position of the tail part of the bone taking drill rod, which is close to the bone taking drill rod.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedics, in particular to a bone-stabilizing femoral head extractor.

Background

The artificial joint replacement has satisfactory effect on treating femoral head necrosis, femoral neck fracture with obvious displacement and old femoral neck fracture at present, the disability rate caused by the diseases is greatly reduced, and the femoral head extraction is an important step in the operation process and is based on the hip joint anatomical structure. The femoral head is difficult to remove and cannot be completely removed at one time (because the removal device cannot be accurately positioned) in the process of clinical operation. Undoubtedly, operation time is wasted, the operation is overall long, operation time is long, operation complication risks are increased to a certain extent, how to quickly and accurately take out the femoral head is the problem needing to be solved in the operation technology at present, so a bone stabilization type femoral head extractor is needed, and the femoral head can be quickly and accurately taken out through the device.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a bone stabilization type femoral head extractor, which is beneficial to efficiently and quickly extracting the femoral head.

The invention relates to a bone stabilizing type femoral head extractor which comprises an outer barrel, a bone taking drill rod and a locking member, wherein the bone taking drill rod is sleeved in the outer barrel in an inner mode, the front end of the outer barrel is provided with a head part with the inner diameter enlarged and used for being sleeved on a femoral head to stabilize the femoral head, the front end of the head part is provided with fixed teeth, the front end of the bone taking drill rod is a self-tapping spiral drill near end capable of extending out of the head part of the outer barrel forwards in use, the tail end of the bone taking drill rod extends out of the rear end of the outer barrel backwards and is used for being controlled to rotate, and the.

The outer barrel is sleeved with the holding sleeve in a clearance fit mode, and a blocking table is fixedly arranged on the outer barrel and can be meshed with or separated from the front end of the holding sleeve.

Furthermore, the locking part is a locking sleeve sleeved on the outer barrel, a meshing part is fixedly arranged at the part, exposed out of the tail end of the outer barrel, of the bone taking drill rod, and the locking sleeve can be driven to axially slide along the axial direction of the outer barrel with a single degree of freedom and form meshing with the meshing part.

Further, the engagement formed between the locking sleeve and the engagement part is one-way engagement, and the engagement direction is consistent with the drilling direction of the bone taking drill rod.

Furthermore, one end of the holding sleeve, which is axially close to the stop head, is provided with an engaging groove matched with the outer contour of the stop head, and the holding sleeve can be engaged with the stop table for transmission and can impact the stop table when axially sliding.

Further, the head of the outer cylinder is cylindrical, the front end of the cylindrical shape is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped grooves which are adjacent in sequence, and the fixed teeth are distributed in the arc-shaped grooves.

Further, the number of the arc-shaped grooves is four.

Further, the tail end of the bone taking drill rod is approximately vertical to the bone taking drill rod and is provided with an intermediate connecting part; the driving rod is hinged with the middle connecting part in a single degree of freedom, the middle connecting part is further provided with a containing groove for containing the driving rod, and the driving rod is contained in the containing groove after rotating around a hinged point and forms a manual driving end of a T-shaped structure together with the bone taking drill rod; the engaging portion may be fixed to the intermediate connection portion or formed integrally with the intermediate connection portion.

Further, the bone removal drill rod tail portion is configured as an electric drill connection portion connectable to an electric drill chuck.

Furthermore, the bone taking drill rod is provided with scales for controlling the drilling depth, and the scales are positioned at the outer circle part of the tail part of the bone taking drill rod.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the head part of the outer cylinder is beneficial to stabilizing and positioning the femoral head, the inner diameter of the head part of the outer cylinder is enlarged and is adapted to the femoral head, so that the diameter of the main body part of the outer cylinder is not too large to be adapted to a thinner bone taking drill rod, the assembly requirement of the outer cylinder and the bone taking drill rod is considered, the matching requirement of the outer cylinder and the femoral head is also ensured, and the thinner main body part of the outer cylinder is beneficial to being adapted to the size of the holding sleeve so as to meet the requirement of manual; meanwhile, the outer cylinder is used as a channel to facilitate the bone taking drill rod to directly enter the femoral head through an operation incision, and the outer cylinder also has a guiding function to facilitate the bone taking drill rod to stably and accurately drill into the bone to be taken; the outer cylinder is in transmission fit with the bone taking drill rod, the outer cylinder and the femoral head are driven to rotate by driving the bone taking drill rod, so that ligament connected to the femoral head is broken, the femoral head can be conveniently taken out, the structure is convenient to operate, the bone taking efficiency is high, the outer cylinder and the bone taking drill rod are supplemented, and the bone taking process is simplified;

the outer barrel is favorably positioned by arranging the holding sleeve, so that the outer barrel has a stable supporting effect and the rotation of the outer barrel is not influenced; the overcoat cooperation lock sleeve can be so that get bone drilling rod and urceolus and realize the one-way transmission cooperation, when getting bone operation final step promptly, make meshing groove and meshing tooth meshing, it drives urceolus and femoral head together to rotate to get the bone drilling rod through rotating, make the ligament fracture of connecting in the femoral head, do benefit to the synchronous taking out of femoral head, but get bone drilling rod alone antiport does benefit to the adjustment of getting the bone drilling rod and creeping into the degree of depth, the lock sleeve overcoat is in the urceolus, the accessible grips cover cooperation drive lock sleeve, do benefit to one-hand operation, the operation process is simplified, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the retaining member;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of the driving rod rotating into the accommodating groove;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the bone-removing drill rod;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the retaining member;

Detailed Description

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the retaining member; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of the driving rod rotating into the accommodating groove; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the bone-removing drill rod; FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the retaining member;

as shown in the figure: the bone stabilizing type femoral head extractor comprises an outer barrel 1, a bone taking drill rod 2 and a locking member, wherein the bone taking drill rod is sleeved in the outer barrel, the front end of the outer barrel is provided with a head part with an inner diameter larger and used for being sleeved on a femoral head to stabilize the femoral head, the front end of the head part is provided with fixed teeth, the front end of the bone taking drill rod can extend out of the near end of a self-tapping auger of the head part of the outer barrel forwards when in use, the tail end of the bone taking drill rod extends out of the rear end of the outer barrel backwards and is used for being controlled to rotate, and the locking member is used for locking or.

The head of the outer cylinder is one end which is in contact with a femoral head and is drilled, the free rotation state represents that the outer cylinder or the bone taking drill rod does not affect each other when rotating, as shown in the combined drawing 1, the head of the outer cylinder corresponds to the left end of the outer cylinder in the drawing 1, the tail of the outer cylinder corresponds to the right end of the outer cylinder in the drawing 1, the front end of the drill rod corresponds to the left end of the drill rod in the drawing 1, and the rear end of the drill rod corresponds to the right end of the drill rod in; in order to ensure the stability of the bone taking drill rod, the outer diameter of the bone taking drill rod is matched with the inner diameter of the outer cylinder, the bone taking drill rod is freely sleeved in the outer cylinder, and the front end of the bone taking drill rod is in self-tapping spiral rotation with threads in a pointed shape; in the embodiment, the outer cylinder head is enlarged to form a stepped sleeve structure, the diameter of the outer cylinder head is determined according to the size of a femoral neck, the diameter of the outer cylinder head is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the femoral neck, the outer cylinder head is sleeved on the femoral neck, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is clamped outside the femoral head, the effect of primarily fixing the femoral head is achieved, the femoral head is prevented from freely moving in an acetabulum, fixed teeth can be triangular teeth, conical teeth, trapezoidal teeth or other tooth-shaped structures, preferably, sharp conical teeth or triangular teeth are adopted, the femoral head is conveniently fixed through the fixed teeth, the stability of the femoral head is improved, and the positioning and drilling of a bone drill rod are facilitated; the locking part can be a screw or other locking structures, when the locking part is in a locking state, the outer barrel is in transmission fit with the bone taking drill rod, synchronous rotation of the outer barrel can be realized by rotating the bone taking drill rod, the outer barrel can drive the femoral head to rotate, the ligament connected to the femoral head inside is broken through rotation of the femoral head, and then the femoral head is taken out by pulling the femoral head outwards; when the retaining member is in the unblock state, urceolus and get bone drilling rod and be free state, can independently operate the urceolus and get bone drilling rod according to operating condition this moment. During bone taking operation, firstly, the outer cylinder is sleeved outside the femoral neck of the femoral head, the fixed tooth part is pricked outside the femoral head to fix the femoral head, then the bone taking drill rod is pushed to enable the near end of the bone taking drill rod to be abutted against the femoral head, the bone taking drill rod is driven to penetrate into the femoral head in the head part of the outer cylinder, and the bone taking drill rod and the femoral head are connected into a whole; when the bone taking drill rod drills to a preset depth, the locking piece is adjusted to enable the outer cylinder and the bone taking drill rod to form a transmission matching state, the bone taking drill rod is rotated to drive the outer cylinder and the femoral head to rotate, after a ligament connected to the femoral head is broken, the bone taking drill rod and the outer sleeve are pulled outwards to take out the femoral head, the structure is favorable for stabilizing the femoral head and positioning the femoral head through the outer cylinder, meanwhile, the outer cylinder serves as a channel to be favorable for the bone taking drill rod to directly enter the femoral head through an operation incision, and the outer cylinder also serves as a guide function to be favorable for the bone taking drill rod to stably and accurately drill into the; the urceolus forms transmission fit with getting the bone drilling rod, gets the bone drilling rod through the drive and drives urceolus and femoral head rotation, does benefit to and makes the ligament fracture of connecting in the femoral head, the taking out of the femoral head of being convenient for, and this structure convenient operation gets bone efficiently, and the urceolus is supplemented with getting the bone drilling rod mutually, has simplified the femoral head and has taken out the process.

In the embodiment, the device further comprises a holding sleeve 3, the holding sleeve is sleeved on the outer cylinder in a clearance fit mode, and a blocking platform 5 is fixedly arranged on the outer cylinder and can be meshed with or separated from the front end of the holding sleeve. One end of the holding sleeve, which is axially close to the stop head, is provided with an engaging groove 3a matched with the outer contour of the stop head, and the holding sleeve can be engaged with the stop table for transmission and can impact the stop table when axially sliding. The engagement means that the holding sleeve and the blocking table form transmission fit, and the blocking table and the outer cylinder rotate synchronously when the holding sleeve is rotated; as shown in fig. 1, the outer circle of the holding sleeve is of a cambered surface structure, which is beneficial to holding, medical personnel can hold the holding sleeve by hand to perform corresponding operation on the outer sleeve, and the outer circle of the holding sleeve can be provided with anti-slip lines to increase holding friction, thus being beneficial to positioning of the outer sleeve and being convenient for the medical personnel to hold and operate; the outer barrel is fixedly connected with a blocking platform 5, one end, close to the blocking platform, of the holding sleeve 3 in the axial direction is provided with an engaging groove 3a matched with the outline of the blocking platform, the holding sleeve 3 and the outer barrel can axially slide relatively, and when the holding sleeve axially slides to enable the blocking platform to slide to be engaged in the engaging groove, the holding sleeve and the outer sleeve form a transmission matching state. The clamping sleeve can be used as a sliding hammer in the axial sliding process and is used for impacting the stop table, so that the fixed teeth on the head of the outer cylinder are reliably meshed with the outer surface of the femoral head, and a reliable stabilizing effect is formed on the femoral head; the holding sleeve 3 and the outer cylinder can also relatively rotate, namely the holding sleeve and the outer cylinder can relatively rotate and can also axially slide, at the moment, the holding sleeve and the outer cylinder are in a free matching state, the outer sleeve can be driven to rotate by rotating the holding sleeve in a transmission matching state, the holding sleeve and the outer sleeve form transmission matching when the blocking platform slides into the meshing groove, the outline of the blocking platform and the meshing groove can be non-circular sections, for example, the blocking platform and the meshing groove can be oval sections, triangular sections, other polygonal sections or sections similar to spline structures; in the embodiment, the outer contour of the baffle table is of a regular hexagon structure similar to a hexagon nut, and the meshing groove is a regular hexagon groove; the grip sleeve axially slides and rotatably adjusts the position of the engagement groove, so that the engagement groove is aligned with the stop table to enable the engagement groove and the stop table to be engaged with each other.

The locking part is a locking sleeve 4 sleeved on the outer barrel, a meshing part is fixedly arranged at the part, exposed out of the tail end of the outer barrel, of the bone taking drill rod, and the locking sleeve can be driven to axially slide along the axial direction of the outer barrel with single degree of freedom and form meshing with the meshing part. The locking sleeve is engaged with the engaging part in a one-way manner, and the engaging direction is consistent with the drilling direction of the bone taking drill rod. The locking sleeve is positioned between the holding sleeve and the tail end of the bone taking drill rod, one end of the locking sleeve is far away from the holding sleeve, and the position, close to the tail end, of the bone taking drill rod is provided with a meshing tooth 4b and a meshing groove 4a which are matched with each other, the meshing tooth is the engaging part, one end of the circumference of the meshing tooth and the meshing groove is a straight edge which is approximately parallel to the axial direction of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the circumference of the meshing tooth and the meshing groove is an arc section which is connected with the groove bottom in a smooth transition mode. The approximately parallel means that a certain angle deviation is allowed on the basis that the straight edge is parallel to the axial direction of the outer cylinder; the locking sleeve and the outer barrel can be matched through a spline structure so as to realize the single-degree-of-freedom axial sliding fit of the locking sleeve and the outer barrel, or an inner circle of the locking sleeve and an outer circle of the outer barrel are provided with a guide rail and a guide groove which axially extend so as to realize the single-degree-of-freedom sliding fit, and detailed description is omitted; as shown in the combined drawing 2, the right end face of the locking sleeve is provided with a meshing groove, the tail of the drill rod is provided with meshing teeth, the meshing teeth are specifically arranged at the left end of the middle connecting portion 6, the right end face of the locking sleeve protrudes outwards in the radial direction to form a fluted disc 4c in order to facilitate the arrangement of the meshing groove, the meshing groove is arranged on the fluted disc, and in addition, the locking sleeve is pushed in order to facilitate the holding sleeve, and the left end face of the locking sleeve protrudes outwards in the radial direction to form a pushing disc 4 d. The engaging teeth are matched with the engaging grooves in shape, after the bone taking drill rod drills, the engaging teeth are close to the right end of the outer cylinder, at the moment, the locking sleeve 4 is pushed to slide towards the side close to the engaging teeth through the sliding holding sleeve 3, so that the engaging grooves are engaged with the engaging teeth, after the bone taking drill rod is meshed, when the bone taking drill rod rotates from the circumferential arc end to the straight edge end, namely rotates towards the drilling direction of the bone taking drill rod, the straight edge of the engaging teeth abuts against the straight edge of the engaging grooves and pushes the engaging grooves to rotate, at the moment, the bone taking drill rod is in transmission fit with the outer cylinder, when the bone taking drill rod rotates from the circumferential straight edge end to the arc end, the arc end of the engaging teeth slides out of the arc end of the engaging grooves to exceed, at the moment, the engaging grooves push the locking sleeve leftwards, the engaging grooves are separated; of course, the positions of the meshing grooves and the meshing teeth can be interchanged, and detailed description is omitted; this structure makes and gets bone drilling rod and urceolus can be getting the one-way transmission cooperation of bone drilling rod drilling direction, can prevent to get the bone drilling rod not hard up when rotating under transmission cooperation state, when getting bone operation final step, make meshing groove and meshing tooth meshing, it drives the urceolus rotation to get the bone drilling rod through rotating, make the ligament fracture of connecting in the femoral head, do benefit to the taking out of femoral head, but get bone drilling rod reversal rotation alone, do benefit to the adjustment of getting the bone drilling rod and creep into the degree of depth, the lock sleeve overcoat is in the urceolus, the accessible grips cover cooperation drive lock sleeve, do benefit to one-hand operation, the simplified operation process, the operation efficiency is improved.

In this embodiment, the head of the outer cylinder is cylindrical, the front end of the cylindrical shape is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped grooves which are adjacent in sequence, and the fixed teeth are distributed in the arc-shaped grooves. Referring to fig. 1, the front end of the outer cylinder is provided with curved arc grooves, and a wave crest structure is formed between adjacent arc grooves to form a wave-shaped structure; the fixed teeth are arranged in the arc-shaped grooves, so that sharp-pointed structures are formed at wave crests, the wave crests serve as a plurality of force points, stable meshing of the front end of the outer barrel and the outer surface of the femoral head is facilitated, the outer barrel and the femoral head can be better fixed, and the stability during bone drilling is improved.

In the embodiment, the head of the outer barrel is provided with four arc-shaped grooves to form four sharp tooth-shaped structures, so that stable occlusion can be formed with the peripheral direction of the femoral head, and the femoral head can be locked well by combining with the fixed teeth.

In the embodiment, the tail end of the bone taking drill rod is approximately vertical to the bone taking drill rod and is provided with an intermediate connecting part 6; a driving rod 7 is hinged with the middle connecting part in a single degree of freedom, an accommodating groove 6a for accommodating the driving rod is further formed in the middle connecting part, and the driving rod is accommodated in the accommodating groove after rotating around a hinged point and forms a manual driving end of a T-shaped structure together with the bone taking drill rod; the engaging portion may be fixed to the intermediate connection portion or formed integrally with the intermediate connection portion. It is perpendicular and allow certain processing and assembly error for the two to be similar perpendicular meaning, as shown in fig. 1, the actuating lever rotates to when being parallel with getting the bone drilling rod, the rotatory handle that actuating lever and intermediate junction formed does benefit to artifical manual rotation and gets the bone drilling rod, rotatory handle is used for the little moment of torsion to rotate, as shown in fig. 3, when the actuating lever rotates to the holding tank in, the actuating lever forms T shape spanner structure with intermediate junction, this spanner structure is used for big moment of torsion to rotate, the medical personnel of being convenient for through two kinds of modes are according to the public switching that carries out artifical manual mode of in-service use, improve the flexibility of use.

In this embodiment, the end of the bone removal drill stem is configured as a drill connection 8 to which a drill chuck may be connected. Combine fig. 4 to show, get the bone drilling rod in fig. 4 and be the electric drive structure, in this embodiment, electric drill connecting portion are the hexagon columnar body, do benefit to and use with standard electric drill chuck is supporting, and the concrete structure of electric drill connecting portion can carry out corresponding adjustment according to actual electric drill chuck structure, does benefit to through this structure to get the bone drilling rod rotation of electric drill drive for drilling speed improves and gets bone efficiency.

In this embodiment, the bone taking drill rod is provided with scales for controlling the drilling depth, and the scales are located at the outer circle position of the tail part of the bone taking drill rod. The scale is preferably in mm, and the control of the drilling depth of the bone taking drill rod is facilitated through the scale. The bone taking drill rod is divided into a plurality of scale areas by different colors near the outer circle of the tail part. Referring to fig. 1, the tail of the bone drill rod is axially divided into three continuous scale areas, namely a green area 10a, a yellow area 10b and a red area 10c, when the bone drill rod extends into the green area from the outer cylinder, the drilling depth is safe, when the bone drill rod extends into the yellow area, the drilling depth is as high as a preset depth, attention needs to be paid, when the bone drill rod extends into the red area 10c or the red area 10c, whether the femoral head and the acetabulum are drilled through or not needs to be paid attention to, organ damage caused by drilling into the pelvic cavity is prevented, and at the moment, the alertness is brought, and the drilling depth can be monitored intuitively in real time through the three color scale areas; the color of each scale area and the number of the scale areas can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and detailed description is omitted;

in this embodiment, a rotating handle 9 is connected to the bone-taking drill rod near the tail end. The handle can be connected to the tail end of the bone taking drill rod or can be arranged at the position, close to the tail end, of the bone taking drill rod, and the handle can be of a disc-shaped or spherical structure and the like, so that the hand-held operation is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 5, it is another embodiment of the locking member, wherein the locking member is an outer locking sleeve 11 sleeved on the tail of the bone-taking drill rod, the outer locking sleeve is in single-degree-of-freedom axial sliding fit with the bone-taking drill rod, the opposite end of the outer locking sleeve and the outer cylinder 1 is provided with engaging teeth for cooperation, and when the outer locking sleeve slides axially along the bone-taking drill rod, the outer locking sleeve is engaged with or separated from the engaging teeth of the outer cylinder to form a transmission fit state or a free rotation state of the outer cylinder and the bone-taking drill rod. The outer locking sleeve and the drill rod can be matched through a spline structure to realize the single-degree-of-freedom axial sliding fit of the outer locking sleeve and the drill rod, or an inner circle of the outer locking sleeve and an outer circle of the drill rod are provided with a guide rail and a guide groove which axially extend to realize the single-degree-of-freedom sliding fit, and detailed description is omitted; as shown in fig. 5, the left end surface of the outer locking sleeve is provided with engaging teeth, the right end surface of the outer cylinder is provided with an engaging groove, when the outer locking sleeve slides to the left, the engaging teeth are inserted into the engaging groove to realize the transmission fit of the outer locking sleeve and the outer cylinder, and further realize the transmission fit of the outer cylinder and the bone-taking drill rod, or the left end of the outer locking sleeve 11 and the right end of the outer cylinder can be provided with ratchets similar to ratchets and corresponding ratchet grooves, so that the ratchets and the corresponding ratchet grooves can be in forward rotation transmission fit and reverse rotation fit;

finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.