阅读说明：本技术 用于双线头钢丝线收紧的医疗器械 (Medical instrument for tightening double-thread-end steel wire ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2020-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开用于双线头钢丝线收紧的医疗器械,包括双线头机架、第一齿轮、第一撑杆、第一保持架、第二齿轮、第二撑杆、第二保持架、第一扳手、第二扳手、第五手轮,第一齿轮与第一撑杆构成齿轮齿条啮合关系,第一保持架使第一齿轮和第一撑杆始终保持一定的啮合间距,第二齿轮与第二撑杆构成齿轮齿条啮合关系,第二保持架使第二齿轮和第二撑杆始终保持一定的啮合间距,第一扳手用于夹紧左线头,第二扳手用于夹紧右线头,第五手轮通过由第一锥齿轮组、右端盖、第二蜗轮、第一行星锥齿轮、左端盖、第二锥齿轮组、第二行星锥齿轮组成的传动结构驱动第一撑杆和第二撑杆分别向两侧张开,实现对双线头钢丝线和两根单线头引出的钢丝线进行收紧和放松。(The invention discloses a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire, which comprises a double-thread rack, a first gear, a first support rod, a first retainer, a second gear, a second support rod, a second retainer, a first wrench, a second wrench and a fifth hand wheel, wherein the first gear and the first support rod form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the first retainer enables the first gear and the first support rod to always keep a certain meshing interval, the second gear and the second support rod form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the second retainer enables the second gear and the second support rod to always keep a certain meshing interval, the first wrench is used for clamping a left thread head, the second wrench is used for clamping a right thread head, the fifth hand wheel drives the first support rod and the second support rod to respectively open towards two sides through a transmission structure consisting of a first bevel gear set, a right end cover, a second worm gear, a first planet bevel gear, a left end cover, a second bevel gear set and a second planet bevel gear set, the steel wire with double wire ends and the steel wire led out from the two single wire ends are tightened and loosened.)

1. A medical instrument for two-wire-head wire tightening, including two-wire-head frame (301), fifth hand wheel (302), first gear (303), first connecting rod (304), first holder (305), first locking knob (306), first vaulting pole (307), first spanner (308), second locking knob (309), second spanner (310), second vaulting pole (311), second connecting rod (312), second holder (313), second gear (314), first bevel gear group (315), right end lid (316), second worm wheel (317), first planet bevel gear (318), left end lid (319), second bevel gear group (320), second planet bevel gear (321), its characterized in that: the two ends of the first connecting rod (304) respectively form a rotating pair with the double-line-head rack (301) and the first support rod (307), the first gear (303) and the first support rod (307) form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the first retainer (305) enables the first gear (303) and the first support rod (307) to always keep a certain meshing distance, the first locking knob (306) is used for locking the relative movement of the first retainer (305) and the first support rod (307), the two ends of the second connecting rod (312) respectively form a rotating pair with the double-line-head rack (301) and the second support rod (311), the second gear (314) and the second support rod (311) form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the second retainer (313) enables the second gear (314) and the second support rod (311) to always keep a certain meshing distance, and the second locking knob (309) is used for locking the relative movement of the second retainer (313) and the second support rod (311), the first wrench (308) is used for clamping a left thread end (6.1), the second wrench (310) is used for clamping a right thread end (6.2), the fifth hand wheel (302) drives the first support rod (307) and the second support rod (311) to be respectively opened towards two sides through a transmission structure consisting of the first bevel gear set (315), the right end cover (316), the second worm gear (317), the first planetary bevel gear (318), the left end cover (319), the second bevel gear set (320) and the second planetary bevel gear (321), and tightening and loosening of a double-thread-end steel wire (6) and steel wires led out from two single thread ends are achieved.

2. The medical device for two-wire-end wire tensioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear end of the double-line-head rack (301) is of a double-layer structure formed by an upper plate and a lower plate, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two insert plates (301.1), the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of a fifth hand wheel (302) is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hands and is convenient to rotate, the middle of the lower plate is of a worm structure, the lower end of the fifth hand wheel is provided with an internal spline, the fifth hand wheel (302) is arranged in the round holes at the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack (301) and forms a rotation pair, a second worm wheel (317) is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack (301), the outer side of the second worm wheel structure is provided with a worm gear structure, a first planetary bevel gear (318) and a second planetary bevel gear (321) are coaxially and, the left end cover (319) is fixedly connected with the left end of the second worm gear (317) through a screw, the first bevel gear set (315) and the right end cover (316) form a rotating pair, bevel gear structures are arranged at two ends of the first bevel gear set (315), the bevel gear structure at the left end of the first bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear (318) and the second planetary bevel gear (321) simultaneously, the second bevel gear set (320) and the left end cover (319) form a rotating pair, bevel gear structures are arranged at two ends of the second bevel gear set (320), and the bevel gear structure at the right end of the second bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear (318) and the second planetary bevel gear (321) simultaneously.

3. The medical device for two-wire-end wire tensioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first gear (303) is arranged on the left side of the double-thread-head rack (301), the first gear (303) and the double-thread-head rack form a rotating pair, the upper end of the first gear (303) is of a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first gear (303) is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set (320), a variable-diameter empty slot is arranged at the front end of the first support rod (307), the lower end of the first wrench (308) is of an eccentric gear structure, the first wrench (308) is arranged at the front end of the first support rod (307), the eccentric gear structure is positioned in the variable-diameter empty slot, the left thread head (6.1) penetrates through the variable-diameter empty slot and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter empty slot, the first wrench (308) is pulled anticlockwise, the eccentric gear structure can press the left thread head (6.1), the left end of the first connecting rod (304) and the left side of the double-thread-head rack (301) form a rotating pair, the right end and the middle position of the first support rod (307) form, the guide slot that the rear end right side was equipped with and the I-shaped structure cooperation installation of first holder (305) right-hand member, make first vaulting pole (307) and first holder (305) constitute the revolute pair, first holder (305) left end and first gear (303) top coaxial arrangement, both constitute the revolute pair, first holder (305) can make the left spur rack structure of first vaulting pole (307) rear end and the straight gear structure of first gear (303) upper end keep invariable centre-to-centre spacing all the time, in order to guarantee that rack structure and straight gear structure can smoothly mesh.

4. The medical device for two-wire-end wire tensioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second gear (314) is arranged on the right side of the double-line-head rack (301), the second gear (314) and the double-line-head rack form a rotating pair, the upper end of the second gear (314) is of a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set (315), a variable-diameter empty slot is arranged at the front end of the second support rod (311), the lower end of the second wrench (310) is of an eccentric gear structure, the second wrench (310) is arranged at the front end of the second support rod (311), the eccentric gear structure is positioned in the variable-diameter empty slot, the right line head (6.2) penetrates through the variable-diameter empty slot and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter empty slot, the second wrench (310) is pulled clockwise, the eccentric gear structure can press the right line head (6.2), the right end of the second connection rod (312) and the right side of the double-line-head rack (301) form a rotating pair, the left end and the middle position of the second support rod (311) form a rotating pair, a straight gear structure, the guide groove arranged on the left side of the rear end is matched with an I-shaped structure at the left end of the second retainer (313) for installation, so that the second support rod (311) and the second retainer (313) form a moving pair, the right end of the second retainer (313) and the top end of the second gear (314) are coaxially installed and form a rotating pair, and the straight rack structure on the right side of the rear end of the second support rod (311) and the straight gear structure at the upper end of the second gear (314) can always keep a constant center distance by the second retainer (313) so as to ensure that the rack structure and the straight gear structure can be smoothly meshed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire.

Background

The kneecap is positioned in front of the knee joint, is the largest seed bone in a human body and is embedded in the quadriceps femoris tendon, is a triangular flat bone and participates in the formation of the knee joint, and the kneecap has the main functions of protecting the knee joint, avoiding the friction of the quadriceps femoris tendon on the cartilage surface of the condyle of the femur, transmitting the strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle and participating in the formation of a knee stretching device; also has the functions of maintaining the stability of the knee joint in the semi-squatting position, preventing the excessive adduction, abduction and flexion of the knee joint, having the function of a bicycle chain and increasing the rotation capacity of the knee joint.

Patellar fracture is a common fracture type in clinic, has high incidence rate, accounts for about 10 percent of all fractures, and is often caused by direct violence, indirect violence and mixed violence; the direct violence is mostly directly hit on the patella due to external force, such as bruise, kicking injury and the like, the fracture is mostly comminuted, the anterior tendinous membrane of the patella, the two side aponeuroses of the patella and the joint capsule are mostly kept intact, and the fracture can also be transverse fracture; indirect violence is usually caused by the violent contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle, which causes traction injury, such as sudden slipping, half flexion of knee joint, sudden contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle, upward traction of patella, and fixation of patella ligament at the lower part of patella, thereby causing fracture of patella.

When the patella fracture is repaired in a surgical mode, firstly, the patella main body and the fracture part need to be reset, then the patella main body and the fracture part are connected through the steel nails, in order to keep the stability of the fracture part after the fracture part is reset, the steel nails need to be arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the patella, then, steel wires penetrate through the steel nails and are fastened and cut off, in the process of tightening the steel wires, tightening equipment needs to be used for operation, and generally, the following three conditions are common in the leading-out modes after the steel wires fix the steel needles, one is leading out of one single wire head, one is leading out of two wire heads, and the other is leading out of two single wire heads; at present, operations of leading out single-thread steel wire wires and leading out double-thread steel wire wires are respectively operated by two different tightening devices, and the operations of leading out two single-thread steel wire wires need two single-thread tightening devices, so that the medical cost is wasted, the space occupancy rate of the operation devices is increased, and the convenience of operation of doctors is influenced.

The Chinese patent with publication number CN110037788A discloses a medical instrument applied to patellar fracture repair, which comprises a rotating mechanism, a single-thread-head tensioning mechanism, a double-thread-head tensioning mechanism, a tensioning control mechanism and a power source, wherein the single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and the double-thread-head tensioning mechanism are respectively positioned at two ends of the rotating mechanism; after analysis, the technical scheme related in the invention patent has the following defects:

1) one device cannot solve the problem of operation involving two single-line head leading-out operations, and in case of the operation, two medical staff can only be used for operating the two devices to participate in the operation, so that medical resources are wasted, the working space of a doctor is occupied, and the operation efficiency is reduced;

2) in the technical scheme related to the invention patent, a single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and a double-thread-head tensioning mechanism are respectively positioned at two ends of a rotating mechanism, namely the equipment is simultaneously provided with the single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and the double-thread-head tensioning mechanism, but only one tensioning mechanism is applied in the operation, and the other tensioning mechanism is idle, and the equipment is operated by hands, so that the idle tensioning mechanism not only occupies the operation space, but also increases the load of arms when the medical personnel operate and increases the burden of the medical personnel;

3) referring to the patent document specifications [0065], [0066], [0067] and the drawings 23, 24 and 25 in the attached drawings, as the sleeve I (311) with the driving helical teeth (312) and the sleeve II (313) with the driven helical teeth (314) are adopted for transmission, the technical effect which is expected to be realized is that one-way transmission cannot be realized; in the process of tightening the steel wire, a doctor needs to try tightening force for multiple times before tying the steel wire head to enable the reduction of the bone gap to achieve the best effect, so that in the process of tightening the steel wire, if excessive tightening needs to be loosened, the equipment related in the patent cannot achieve the technical effect of loosening the steel wire, only the first hand-screwed bolt (214) or the second hand-screwed bolt (227) can be opened to loosen the compressed steel wire head, and after the initial state of the equipment is recovered, the compressed steel wire head is tightened again, so that the operation efficiency is seriously influenced, and secondary injury is also caused to the damaged patella;

4) because the driving helical gear (312) and the driven helical gear (314) are actually ratchet transmission structures, the number of teeth is certain, the minimum step number which can be realized by rotating a circle in the circumferential direction is also certain, and stepless transmission cannot be realized, so that the embarrassment condition that one step is too loose and the other step is too tight easily occurs in the operation, even if the number of teeth of the helical gear is increased, the degree of too loose or too tight can only be reduced, and the over-loose or too tight degree cannot be completely eliminated, moreover, the number of teeth is increased, the tooth shape is reduced, the material has stress limit, and the number of teeth of the helical gear cannot be infinitely increased;

5) reference is made to the technical features described in the above patent document descriptions in paragraphs [0065], [0066] and [0067 ]: there is no transmission structure capable of self-locking between the first transition gear (315) and the driving shaft 238, so that the technical effect "when the first driving helical tooth 312 rotates reversely, the first driving helical tooth 312 extrudes the second driven helical tooth 314 and the second sleeve 313 floats away from the first sleeve 311" in paragraph [0065] cannot be achieved, because after the first tightening of the steel wire, the steel wire has a certain tension, which tends to rotate reversely the second driven helical tooth 314, and furthermore, the second sleeve 313 is tightly pressed against the second sleeve 313 by the floating spring 317, therefore, in practical situations, when the first driving helical tooth 312 rotates reversely, the second sleeve 313 does not float away from the first sleeve 311 but rotates reversely with the first driving helical tooth 312, so that the tightened steel wire is loosened, and the technical effect of repeatedly wrenching the wrench 305 to tighten the steel wire cannot be achieved, such technical defect that the technical solution related in the above patent cannot achieve its technical purpose, the defects in the prior art can not be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire, which has novel structure, convenient operation and high modularization degree, can realize the tightening and loosening of the steel wire led out by double thread ends and the steel wire led out by two single thread ends, saves the operation time, reduces the operation cost and improves the operation quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread-head steel wire is hereinafter called a double-thread-head tightening mechanism and comprises a double-thread-head rack, a fifth hand wheel, a first gear, a first connecting rod, a first retainer, a first locking knob, a first support rod, a first wrench, a second locking knob, a second wrench, a second support rod, a second connecting rod, a second retainer, a second gear, a first bevel gear set, a right end cover, a second worm gear, a first planetary bevel gear, a left end cover, a second bevel gear set and a second planetary bevel gear, wherein two ends of the first connecting rod respectively form a rotation pair with the double-thread-head rack and the first support rod, the first gear and the first support rod form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the first retainer enables the first gear and the first support rod to always keep a certain meshing distance, the first locking knob is used for locking relative movement of the first retainer and the first support rod, two ends of the second connecting rod respectively form a rotation pair with the double-thread-head rack and the second support rod, the second gear and the second supporting rod form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the second holder enables the second gear and the second supporting rod to always keep a certain meshing distance, the second locking knob is used for locking the relative movement of the second holder and the second supporting rod, the first wrench is used for clamping a left thread end, the second wrench is used for clamping a right thread end, the fifth hand wheel drives the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod to respectively open towards two sides through a transmission structure consisting of the first bevel gear set, the right end cover, the second worm gear, the first planetary bevel gear, the left end cover, the second bevel gear set and the second planetary bevel gear, and the tightening and loosening of the double-thread-end steel wire and the steel wire led out by the two single thread ends are realized.

Furthermore, the rear end of the double-end rack is of a double-layer structure consisting of an upper plate and a lower plate, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two insert plates, the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of a fifth hand wheel is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hands and is convenient to rotate, the middle of the fifth hand wheel is of a worm structure, the lower end of the fifth hand wheel is provided with an internal spline, the fifth hand wheel is arranged in the round holes at the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-end rack and forms a rotation pair, a second worm wheel is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-end rack, the outer side of the fifth hand wheel is provided with a worm wheel structure, a first planetary bevel gear and a second planetary bevel gear are coaxially and symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall of the second worm wheel and form a rotation pair with the, the two ends of the first bevel gear set are both provided with bevel gear structures, the bevel gear structure at the left end of the first bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear and the second planetary bevel gear at the same time, the second bevel gear set and the left end cover form a rotating pair, the two ends of the second bevel gear set are both provided with bevel gear structures, and the bevel gear structure at the right end of the second bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear and the second planetary bevel gear at the same time.

Furthermore, the first gear is arranged on the left side of the double-thread-head rack and forms a revolute pair, the upper end of the first gear is of a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first gear is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set, a variable-diameter empty groove is formed in the front end of the first support rod, the lower end of the first wrench is of an eccentric gear structure, the first wrench is arranged at the front end of the first support rod, the eccentric gear structure is located in the variable-diameter empty groove, the left thread end penetrates through the variable-diameter empty groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter empty groove, the first wrench is pulled anticlockwise to enable the eccentric gear structure to press the left thread end, the left end of the first connection rod and the left side of the double-thread-head rack form the revolute pair, the right end and the middle position of the first support rod form the revolute pair, a straight rack structure arranged on the left side of the rear end of the first support rod is meshed, the first support rod and the first support frame form a moving pair, the left end of the first support frame and the top end of the first gear are coaxially mounted and form a rotating pair, and the first support frame can enable a straight rack structure on the left side of the rear end of the first support rod and a straight gear structure on the upper end of the first gear to always keep a constant center distance so as to ensure that the rack structure and the straight gear structure can be smoothly meshed.

Furthermore, a second gear is arranged on the right side of the double-end rack and forms a revolute pair, the upper end of the second gear is a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second gear is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear group, a variable-diameter empty groove is formed in the front end of a second support rod, the lower end of a second wrench is an eccentric gear structure, the second wrench is arranged at the front end of the second support rod, the eccentric gear structure is positioned in the variable-diameter empty groove, the right thread end penetrates through the variable-diameter empty groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter empty groove, the second wrench is clockwise pulled to enable the eccentric gear structure to press the right thread end, the right end of the second support rod and the right side of the double-end rack form the revolute pair, a revolute pair is formed at the middle position of the left end and the second support rod, a straight rack structure arranged on the right side of the rear end of the second support rod is meshed with the straight gear, the second support rod and the second retainer form a sliding pair, the right end of the second retainer and the top end of the second gear are coaxially arranged to form a revolute pair, and the second retainer can enable a straight rack structure on the right side of the rear end of the second support rod and a straight gear structure on the upper end of the second gear to always keep a constant center distance so as to ensure that the rack structure and the straight gear structure can be smoothly meshed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the medical instrument for tightening the double-thread steel wire can tighten the steel wire led out by the double thread ends and the steel wire led out by the two single thread ends, so that the effect of one machine with multiple purposes is realized, the purchase cost of medical equipment is reduced, and the medical instrument accords with the direction of development of the medical equipment towards high integration;

secondly, in the traditional technology, the steel wire end is compressed mostly in a thread pair extrusion mode, the pressing force generated by the thread pair is limited due to the limitation of hand force of operators, and when the steel wire is tightened with large force, the steel wire end is easy to separate; when screwing the thread pair, the steel wire end can be pressed by rotating for a plurality of circles, so that the operation is troublesome and the consumed time is long; the thread pair is easy to wear to cause thread slipping after being used for many times, and the maintenance cost is increased; in the application of the invention, taking the first stay bar as an example, the variable-diameter empty groove arranged at the front end of the first stay bar is combined with the first wrench with the eccentric wheel structure to realize the compression of the wire end of the steel wire, and the eccentric wheel has the property of being more and more tightened, so that the wire end of the steel wire cannot be separated from the empty groove at the front end of the first stay bar even if the tightening force of the steel wire is increased after the eccentric wheel structure compresses the wire end of the steel wire; the first wrench is only needed to be wrenched left and right to press and loosen the wire end, so that the operation is quick and convenient;

in the equipment for tightening the steel wire in the traditional technology, the ratchet structure is mostly adopted to realize the one-way transmission of power, so that the conditions of less and more over-loosening and over-tightening are easy to occur in the process of tightening the steel wire, and the technical effect of slowly loosening the steel wire under the condition of over-tightening the steel wire is not easy to realize; the double-wire-head tightening mechanism and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism both adopt worm and gear structures in the power transmission process, have a self-locking function, prevent reverse power transmission, have a large transmission ratio, can perform stepless adjustment on tightening force, and can realize the tightening and loosening of steel wires through the positive and negative rotation of the worm.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pose adjusting mechanism, the connecting mechanism and the double-thread-head tightening mechanism after being assembled.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the posture adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of the posture adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of the pose adjusting mechanism after the shift lever is pulled upward.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of the posture adjustment mechanism after the shift lever is pulled down.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the top end structure of the lifting screw rod.

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the second hand wheel.

Fig. 9 is a partial sectional view schematically showing a traverse bevel gear.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the change baffle.

Fig. 11 is a partially exploded schematic view of the posture adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the connection mechanism.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the attachment mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a partial sectional view of the connection mechanism connected to the plugboard and the dual-wire rack.

Fig. 15 is a schematic partial sectional view of the connection mechanism connected to the plugboard and the dual-line-head rack.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a double-thread-head tightening mechanism.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of the double thread end take-up mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the double wire head tightening mechanism.

Fig. 19 is an exploded view of the dual thread take-up mechanism.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-wire-head rack.

Fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front end of the double wire end take-up mechanism.

Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the double-end wire take-up mechanism taking up the double-end wire.

Fig. 23 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a single-thread-head tightening mechanism.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a single thread take-up mechanism taking up a single thread of steel wire.

Reference numerals: 1 pose adjusting mechanism, 101 lifting inner arm, 101.1 connecting lug, 102 lifting outer arm, 103 first hand wheel, 104 shift lever, 105 second hand wheel, 106 transverse outer arm, 107 transverse inner arm, 108 pin shaft, 109 swinging frame, 110 plug board, 110.1 plug post, 111 fourth hand wheel, 112 third hand wheel, 113 lifting screw rod, 114 transverse screw rod, 115 second worm wheel, 116 fastening board, 117 sliding board, 118 first spring, 119 shift plate, 120 transverse bevel gear, 121 turntable bearing and 122 first worm wheel;

2, a connecting mechanism, a 201 main body frame, 201.1 jacks, a 202 bottom plate, a 203 clamping plate, 204 set screws, 205 buttons, 206 second springs, 207 third springs and 208 hooks;

3 double-wire-head tightening mechanism, 301 double-wire-head frame, 301.1 spile, 302 fifth hand wheel, 303 first gear, 304 first connecting rod, 305 first retainer, 306 first locking knob, 307 first stay, 308 first wrench, 309 second locking knob, 310 second wrench, 311 second stay, 312 second connecting rod, 313 second retainer, 314 second gear, 315 first bevel gear set, 316 right end cover, 317 second worm gear, 318 first planetary bevel gear, 319 left end cover, 320 second bevel gear set, 321 second planetary bevel gear;

4 single-thread-end tightening mechanism, 401 single-thread-end rack, 402 sixth hand wheel, 403 winding drum, 404 third wrench, 405 worm wheel set;

5 single thread steel wire, 6 double thread steel wire, 6.1 left thread end and 6.2 right thread end.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a medical instrument for patella repair surgery comprises a pose adjusting mechanism 1, a connecting mechanism 2, a double-thread tightening mechanism 3 and a single-thread tightening mechanism 4, and is characterized in that: the pose adjusting mechanism 1 can be quickly connected and disconnected with the connecting mechanism 2, a modular connecting structure is also adopted between the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 and the connecting mechanism 2, the rapid connection and disconnection can be realized, the pose adjusting mechanism 1 is used for realizing the position and posture adjustment of the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 can always keep required positions and postures in work, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 can tighten steel wires led out by double wires and the steel wires led out by two single wires, and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 can tighten the steel wires led out by one single wire head.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the posture adjustment mechanism 1 includes a lifting inner arm 101, a lifting outer arm 102, a first hand wheel 103, a shift lever 104, a second hand wheel 105, a traverse outer arm 106, a traverse inner arm 107, a pin 108, a swing frame 109, a socket plate 110, a fourth hand wheel 111, a third hand wheel 112, a lifting screw 113, a traverse screw 114, a second worm wheel 115, a fastening plate 116, a sliding plate 117, a first spring 118, a shift plate 119, a traverse bevel gear 120, a turntable bearing 121, and a first worm wheel 122, the lifting inner arm 101 is fixed to the side of the operating table, the lifting outer arm 102 and the lifting inner arm 101 constitute a moving pair, the lifting outer arm 102 is vertically moved by turning the second hand wheel 105 after pulling the shift lever 104 upward, and the supported medical device is horizontally swung, the outer transverse arm 106 and the outer lifting arm 102 form a rotation pair, the outer transverse arm 106 is driven to swing by the first hand wheel 103, in order to enable a supported medical instrument to move in the horizontal direction, the inner transverse arm 107 and the outer transverse arm 106 form a movement pair, the inner transverse arm 107 is driven to move in the horizontal direction by turning the second hand wheel 105 after the gear shift lever 104 is turned downwards, in order to enable the supported medical instrument to rotate around a vertical shaft, the swing frame 109 and the inner transverse arm 107 form a rotation pair, the swing frame 109 is driven to rotate around the vertical shaft by the third hand wheel 112, in order to enable the supported medical instrument to rotate around a horizontal shaft, the plug board 110 and the swing frame 109 form a rotation pair, and the plug board 110 is driven to rotate around the horizontal shaft by the fourth hand wheel 111.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the inner lifting arm 101 is a hollow square column structure, two sides of the lower end of the inner lifting arm are provided with connecting lugs 101.1, the inner lifting arm 101 can be tightly fixed to the side of the operating table through the connecting lugs 101.1 by screws to provide stable support for the posture adjustment mechanism 1, the center of the upper end of the inner lifting arm 101 is provided with a threaded hole, the inner lifting arm 101 is nested and mounted inside the outer lifting arm 102, and both the inner lifting arm and the outer lifting arm form a moving pair, a turntable bearing 121 is arranged between the top end of the outer lifting arm 102 and the lower side of the fastening plate 116 to enable the outer lifting arm 102 and the fastening plate 116 to form a rotating pair, a first worm wheel 122 is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower side of the fastening plate 116 by screws, the front end of the first hand wheel 103 is a hand wheel structure for manual operation and convenient rotation, the rear end of the first hand wheel 103 is a worm structure, the first hand wheel 103 is mounted, the worm structure at the rear end of the first hand wheel 103 and the first worm wheel 122 form a worm and gear meshing relationship, the top end of the lifting screw rod 113 is provided with an external spline, the top ends of all protruding teeth of the external spline are provided with inclined planes, the lifting screw rod 113 is installed at the center inside the lifting outer arm 102, axial positioning is realized through a spring retainer ring for a shaft, the lower half section of the lifting screw rod 113 is provided with screw rod threads, and the screw rod threads are matched with threaded holes in the upper end of the lifting inner arm 101 to form a thread pair.

As shown in fig. 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10, the second hand wheel 105 is mounted on the upper side of the left end of the outer traverse arm 106 and is coaxial with the lifting screw 113, the upper end of the second hand wheel 105 is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hand and is convenient to rotate, the lower half part of the second hand wheel is of an outer spline structure, the lowest end of the second hand wheel is provided with a baffle plate through a screw, the upper end of the traverse bevel gear 120 is of a bevel gear structure, the lower end of the traverse bevel gear 120 is provided with an inner spline structure, the lower end of each protruding tooth of each inner spline is provided with an inclined plane, the center of the traverse bevel gear 120 is also provided with an inner spline, the traverse bevel gear 120 is mounted coaxially with the second hand wheel 105, the inner spline at the center of the traverse bevel gear 120 and the outer spline at the lower half part of the second hand wheel 105 form a spline engagement relationship, that the traverse, the right end of the shifting plate 119 is mounted in the middle of the transverse shifting bevel gear 120, the shifting plate and the bevel gear 120 form a revolute pair, the left end of the shifting plate 119 is provided with a rectangular cavity and two parallel through hole chutes, the sliding plate 117 is mounted in the rectangular cavity at the left end of the shifting plate 119 and can slide in the two parallel through hole chutes, a first spring 118 is arranged between the sliding plate 117 and the right end of the rectangular cavity, the left end of the shifting rod 104 is provided with a cross rod which is convenient to pull up and down by hand to shift gears, the middle of the shifting rod and the left end of the transverse shifting outer arm 106 form a revolute pair, and the right end of the shifting.

As shown in FIG. 4, the inner transverse arm 107 is a hollow square column structure, the left end of the inner transverse arm is provided with a threaded hole, the inner transverse arm 107 is nested inside the outer transverse arm 106 and forms a moving pair, the transverse screw rod 114 is installed inside the outer transverse arm 106 and forms a rotating pair, the axial positioning of the transverse screw rod 114 is realized by a single elastic circle for one shaft, the left end of the transverse screw rod 114 is provided with a bevel gear, the right part of the transverse screw rod is provided with screw rod threads, and the screw rod threads are matched with the threaded hole at the left end of the inner transverse arm 107 to form a thread pair.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, after the cross bar at the left end of the shift lever 104 is pulled upwards, the internal splines at the lower end of the traverse bevel gear 120 can be engaged with the external splines at the top end of the lifting screw 113, and the state is maintained under the elastic force of the first spring 118, and the second hand wheel 105 is rotated to drive the lifting screw 113 to rotate through the traverse bevel gear 120, so that the lifting outer arm 102 is lifted and lowered; after the transverse rod at the left end of the shift lever 104 is pulled downwards, the bevel gear structure at the upper end of the transverse bevel gear 120 can be meshed with the bevel gear at the left end of the transverse screw rod 114, and the transverse bevel gear structure is kept in the state under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 118, and the second hand wheel 105 can be rotated to drive the transverse screw rod 114 to rotate through the transverse bevel gear 120, so that the transverse inner arm 107 can be moved in a left-right telescopic mode.

As shown in fig. 4 and 11, the pin 108 is fastened to the left end of the swing frame 109 by a screw, the inner transverse arm 107 forms a rotation pair with the swing frame 109 by the pin 108, the second worm wheel 115 is coaxially mounted with the pin 108 and is fastened to the pin 108 by a key connection, the third hand wheel 112 is mounted at a position close to the right end of the inner transverse arm 107 and forms a rotation pair, the front end of the third hand wheel 112 is of a hand wheel structure and can be operated by hand and conveniently rotated, the rear end of the third hand wheel 112 is of a worm structure and is meshed with the second worm wheel 115 to form a worm-gear meshing relationship, the right end of the swing frame 109 and the rear end of the insertion plate 110 form a rotation pair, the left end of the insertion plate 110 is provided with a worm wheel structure, the fourth hand wheel 111 is mounted on the upper side of the right end of the swing frame 109 and forms a rotation pair, the front end of the fourth hand wheel 111 is of a hand wheel structure and can be operated by, and the worm structure meshes with the worm gear structure at the left end of the plugboard 110 to form a worm and gear meshing relationship, the right end of the plugboard 110 is provided with a flat plate structure, the upper side of the flat plate is provided with four pluging columns 110.1, the top end of each pluging column 110.1 is provided with an inclined plane, the middle position of each pluging column is provided with a hook, and the plugboard 110 is provided with a rectangular window close to the middle position.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the connecting mechanism 2 includes a main body frame 201, a bottom plate 202, a clamping plate 203, a set screw 204, a button 205, a second spring 206, a third spring 207, and a hook 208, wherein a rectangular groove is provided on the upper side of the front end of the main body frame 201, two rectangular insertion holes 201.1 are provided on the front end of the rectangular groove, a through hole is provided near the middle position of the rectangular groove, a hook cavity and a button hole in the vertical direction are provided inside the rear end of the main body frame 201, the hook 208 is installed in the hook cavity and can slide back and forth in the hook cavity, an inclined plane structure is provided on the front end of the hook 208, a rectangular opening is provided on the middle position, an inclined plane is provided on the rear side of the button 205, the button 205 passes through the rectangular opening in the middle of the hook 208 and is installed in the button hole of the main body frame 201, two threaded holes communicated with the hook cavity, two third springs 207 set up respectively between two holding screw 204 and couple 208, main part frame 201 downside is equipped with the cardboard cavity, cardboard 203 is installed in the cardboard cavity, and can be in the cardboard cavity back-and-forth movement, be equipped with four horseshoe trompils on the cardboard, cardboard 203 rear end is equipped with a pressure board, the intermediate position is equipped with the rectangle trompil, be provided with a second spring 206 between cardboard 203 front end position and the main part frame 201, be equipped with four round holes that are used for inserting peg post 110.1 on the bottom plate 202, bottom plate 202 installs in main part frame 201 downside, and realize fastening connection between them through the screw, round hole coaxial center position is equipped with the through-hole in the middle of the rectangular recess with main part frame 201 in the middle of bottom.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, in an initial state, under the action of the elastic force of the third spring 207, the hook 208 is located at the front end of the hook cavity, the inclined surface structure at the front end of the hook 208 extends into the rectangular groove at the upper side of the front end of the main body frame 201, the button 205 is pressed downwards, and the inclined surface at the rear side pushes the hook 208 to move backwards, so that the inclined surface structure at the front end of the hook 208 retracts into the hook cavity; after releasing the pressing of the button 205, the hook 208 is restored to the original position by the elastic force of the third spring 207.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, under the action of the elastic force of the second spring 206, the locking plate 203 is located at the rear end of the cavity of the locking plate, after the four plugging columns 110.1 arranged on the plugging plate 110 are inserted into the four round holes arranged on the bottom plate 202, under the action of the inclined planes at the top ends of the plugging columns 110.1 and the second spring 206, the locking plate 203 slides forwards and rebounds backwards, and the straight edges of the four horseshoe-shaped openings on the locking plate 203 are clamped into the hooks at the middle positions of the four plugging columns 110.1, so that the quick connection of the connecting mechanism 2 and the pose adjusting mechanism 1 is realized; the pressing plate at the rear end of the clamping plate 203 is pressed to enable the pressing plate 203 to move forwards, the straight edges of the four horseshoe-shaped holes are separated from the hooks at the middle positions of the four inserting columns 110.1, the connecting mechanism 2 is taken away upwards, and the connecting mechanism 2 and the pose adjusting mechanism 1 can be rapidly disengaged.

The set screw 204 and the main body frame 201 form a thread pair connection, and the pressing and resilience of the button 205 can be adjusted by adjusting the pre-tightening elastic force of the third spring 207.

As shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 includes a double-wire-head frame 301, a fifth hand wheel 302, a first gear 303, a first link 304, a first holder 305, a first locking knob 306, a first support rod 307, a first wrench 308, a second locking knob 309, a second wrench 310, a second support rod 311, a second link 312, a second holder 313, a second gear 314, a first bevel gear set 315, a right end cap 316, a second worm gear 317, a first bevel gear 318, a left end cap 319, a second bevel gear set 320, and a second bevel gear 321, wherein two ends of the first link 304 respectively form a rotation pair with the double-wire-head frame 301 and the first support rod 307, the first gear 303 and the first support rod 307 form a gear-rack meshing relationship, the first holder 305 keeps a certain meshing distance between the first gear 303 and the first support rod 307, and the first locking knob 306 is used for locking the relative movement between the first holder 305 and the first support rod 307, two ends of a second connecting rod 312 respectively form a rotating pair with the double-thread stand 301 and a second support rod 311, a second gear 314 and the second support rod 311 form a gear-rack meshing relationship, a second retainer 313 enables the second gear 314 and the second support rod 311 to always keep a certain meshing distance, a second locking knob 309 is used for locking the relative movement of the second retainer 313 and the second support rod 311, a first wrench 308 is used for clamping a left thread 6.1, a second wrench 310 is used for clamping a right thread 6.2, a fifth hand wheel 302 drives the first support rod 307 and the second support rod 311 to respectively open towards two sides through a transmission structure formed by a first bevel gear set 315, a right end cover 316, a second worm gear, a first planetary bevel gear 318, a left end cover 319, a gear set 320 and a second planetary bevel gear 321, and tightening and loosening of a double-thread steel wire 6 and a steel wire led out by two single threads are realized.

The rear end of the double-line-head rack 301 is of a double-layer structure formed by an upper plate and a lower plate, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure with the same size as the rectangular groove on the upper side of the front end of the main body rack 201, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two insert plates 301.1, the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of a fifth hand wheel 302 is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hands and is convenient to rotate, the middle of the fifth hand wheel is of a worm structure, the lower end of the fifth hand wheel 302 is provided with an internal spline, the fifth hand wheel 302 is arranged in the round holes on the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack 301 and forms a rotation pair with the upper plate and the lower plate, a second worm wheel 317 is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack 301, the outer side of the fifth hand wheel 302 is provided with a worm wheel structure, a, the first bevel gear set 315 and the right end cover 316 form a rotation pair, both ends of the first bevel gear set 315 are provided with bevel gear structures, the bevel gear structure at the left end is simultaneously engaged with the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321, the second bevel gear set 320 and the left end cover 319 form a rotation pair, both ends of the second bevel gear set 320 are provided with bevel gear structures, and the bevel gear structure at the right end is simultaneously engaged with the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321.

The first gear 303 is arranged on the left side of the double-thread-head rack 301, the first gear 303 and the double-thread-head rack 301 form a revolute pair, the upper end of the first gear 303 is of a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first gear is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set 320, a variable-diameter hollow groove is formed in the front end of the first support rod 307, the lower end of the first wrench 308 is of an eccentric gear structure, the first wrench 308 is arranged at the front end of the first support rod 307, the eccentric gear structure is located in the variable-diameter hollow groove, the left thread head 6.1 penetrates through the variable-diameter hollow groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter hollow groove, the first wrench 308 is pulled anticlockwise to enable the eccentric gear structure to press the left thread head 6.1, the left end of the first connecting rod 304 and the left side of the double-thread-head rack 301 form a revolute pair, the right end and the middle position, the guide groove arranged on the right side of the rear end is matched with the I-shaped structure at the right end of the first retainer 305 to be installed, so that the first support rod 307 and the first retainer 305 form a moving pair, the left end of the first retainer 305 and the top end of the first gear 303 are coaxially installed to form a rotating pair, and the first retainer 305 can enable a straight rack structure on the left side of the rear end of the first support rod 307 and a straight gear structure on the upper end of the first gear 303 to always keep a constant center distance, so that the rack structure and the straight gear structure can be smoothly meshed.

The second gear 314 is arranged on the right side of the double-thread-head rack 301, the second gear 314 and the double-thread-head rack form a revolute pair, the upper end of the second gear 314 is of a straight gear structure, a bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second gear 314 is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set 315, a variable-diameter hollow groove is formed in the front end of the second support rod 311, an eccentric gear structure is arranged at the lower end of the second wrench 310, the eccentric gear structure is positioned in the variable-diameter hollow groove, the right thread head 6.2 penetrates through the variable-diameter hollow groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric gear structure and the variable-diameter hollow groove, the second wrench 310 is pulled clockwise to enable the eccentric gear structure to press the right thread head 6.2, the right end of the second connecting rod 312 and the right side of the double-thread-head rack 301 to form a revolute pair, the left end and the middle position of the second support rod 311 form a revolute pair, a, the guide groove arranged on the left side of the rear end is matched with an I-shaped structure at the left end of the second retainer 313 to be installed, so that the second support rod 311 and the second retainer 313 form a moving pair, the right end of the second retainer 313 and the top end of the second gear 314 are coaxially installed to form a rotating pair, and the straight rack structure on the right side of the rear end of the second support rod 311 and the straight gear structure on the upper end of the second gear 314 can always keep a constant center distance by the second retainer 313, so that the rack structure and the straight gear structure can be smoothly meshed.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the single thread end tightening mechanism 4 includes a single thread end frame 401, a sixth hand wheel 402, a winding drum 403, a third wrench 404, and a worm gear 405, the front end of the single thread end frame 401 is provided with a lead hole, the rear end is a double-layer structure formed by an upper plate and a lower plate, the lower plate is a rectangular structure with the same size as the rectangular groove on the upper side of the front end of the main body frame 201, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two insertion plates, the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of the sixth hand wheel 402 is a hand wheel, the hand-operated worm gear-driven single-thread-head rack 401 is available for manual operation and convenient to rotate, a worm structure is arranged in the middle, an internal spline is arranged at the lower end of the worm structure, the sixth hand wheel 402 is installed in circular holes in the rear ends of an upper plate and a lower plate at the rear end of the single-thread-head rack 401, the upper plate and the lower plate form a revolute pair, a worm gear group 405 is installed between the upper plate and the lower plate of the single-thread-head rack 401, the left end of the worm gear group 405 is of a bevel gear structure, the right.

As shown in fig. 23 and 24, a variable diameter groove is arranged in the cylindrical side surface of the winding drum 403, the single-headed steel wire 5 penetrating into the variable diameter groove is excessively smooth, the width of the variable diameter groove can only accommodate the penetration of a single steel wire, a third wrench 404 is arranged at a position close to the bottom end of the variable diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the third wrench 404, the single-headed steel wire 5 penetrates into the variable diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable diameter groove, the third wrench 404 is pulled clockwise, the eccentric wheel structure can compress the single-headed steel wire 5, the winding drum 403 is arranged at the right side of the single-headed frame 401, the winding drum 403 and the variable diameter groove form a revolute pair, a bevel gear structure is arranged at the lower end of the winding drum 403.

The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

1) as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a connecting lug 101.1 at the lower end of the lifting inner arm 101 is fixed on the side surface of the operating table through a screw, so as to provide stable support for the posture adjusting mechanism 1, the first hand wheel 103 is rotated, and the worm structure at the rear end of the first hand wheel 103 drives the first worm wheel 122 to rotate, so that the rotation of the lateral moving outer arm 106 in the horizontal plane is realized.

As shown in fig. 5, after the cross bar at the left end of the shift lever 104 is pulled upwards, the shift plate 119 drives the traverse bevel gear 120 to move downwards to the limit position, under the thrust of the first spring 118, the internal spline structure at the lower end of the traverse bevel gear 120 is engaged with the external spline structure at the top end of the lifting screw 113, and the second hand wheel 105 is rotated, so that the torsional force can be transmitted to the lifting screw 113 through the traverse bevel gear 120, and the lifting screw 113 is rotated, thereby realizing the lifting action of the lifting outer arm 102, because the lifting screw 113 and the top end of the lifting inner arm 101 form a screw pair, and the screw pair has a self-locking property, after the second hand wheel 105 is loosened, the lifting screw 113 cannot rotate by itself due to the gravity, that is, the lifting outer arm 102 cannot descend by itself, and can only be driven by the second hand wheel 105.

As shown in fig. 6, after the cross bar at the left end of the shift lever 104 is pulled downward, the shift plate 119 drives the traverse bevel gear 120 to move upward to the limit position, the bevel gear structure at the upper end of the traverse bevel gear 120 meshes with the bevel gear structure at the left end of the traverse screw 114 under the thrust of the first spring 118, and the second hand wheel 105 is rotated, so that the traverse bevel gear 120 transmits the torsional force to the traverse screw 114 to rotate the traverse screw 114, thereby realizing the left-right telescopic movement of the traverse inner arm 107, because the traverse screw 114 and the left end of the traverse inner arm 107 form a screw pair, and the screw pair has a self-locking property, after the second hand wheel 105 is loosened, the traverse screw 114 does not rotate by itself due to the axial force, that is, the traverse inner arm 107 does not move by itself, and can only be driven by the second hand wheel 105.

As shown in fig. 4, when the third handwheel 112 is rotated, the torsional force is transmitted to the second worm wheel 115 through the worm structure at the rear end of the third handwheel 112, and the second worm wheel 115 is transmitted to the swing frame 109 through the pin 108, so that the swing frame 109 rotates around the vertical axis; when the fourth handwheel 111 is rotated, the torsional force is transmitted to the worm gear structure at the left end of the plugboard 110 through the worm structure at the rear end of the fourth handwheel 111, so that the plugboard 110 rotates around the horizontal shaft.

2) As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when the connecting mechanism 2 needs to be connected with the pose adjusting mechanism 1, the four insertion posts 110.1 on the insertion plate 110 only need to be inserted into the four circular holes formed on the base plate 202, and after the straight line edges of the four horseshoe-shaped openings on the clamping plate 203 are clamped into the hooks at the middle positions of the four insertion posts 110.1, the quick connection between the connecting mechanism 2 and the pose adjusting mechanism 1 is realized; when the connection between the connecting mechanism 2 and the pose adjusting mechanism 1 needs to be released, the connecting mechanism 2 and the pose adjusting mechanism 1 can be quickly released only by pressing the pressing plate at the rear end of the clamping plate 203, separating the straight edges of the four horseshoe-shaped holes from the hooks at the middle positions of the four insertion columns 110.1 and taking the connecting mechanism 2 away upwards.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 needs to be connected with the connecting mechanism 2, first, the two insertion plates 301.1 at the front end of the lower plate of the double-wire-head rack 301 are correspondingly inserted into the two rectangular insertion holes 201.1 at the front end of the rectangular groove on the upper side of the main body rack 201, and then the rear end of the double-wire-head rack 301 is pressed downwards, so that the rear end of the lower plate of the double-wire-head rack 301 is pressed into the lower part of the inclined plane structure at the front end of the hook 208, and then the quick connection between the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 and; when the double-thread-end tightening mechanism 3 needs to be disconnected with the connecting mechanism 2, the button 205 is pressed downwards at first to enable the inclined plane structure at the front end of the hook 208 to retract into the hook cavity, then the rear end of the double-thread-end rack 301 is lifted upwards and the inserting plate 301.1 is pulled out of the inserting hole 201.1, and then the double-thread-end tightening mechanism 3 and the connecting mechanism 2 can be quickly disconnected; the manner and method of connecting and disconnecting the single thread take-up mechanism 4 to the connecting mechanism 2 is the same as the manner and method of connecting and disconnecting the double thread take-up mechanism 3 to the connecting mechanism 2.

3) As shown in fig. 16, 21 and 22, the double-thread tightening mechanism 3 can tighten the steel wire led out from the double-thread wire and the steel wire led out from the two single-thread wires, and in the initial state, the first stay 307 and the second stay 311 are parallel to each other and are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the double-thread stand 301.

Firstly, when the double-end steel wire 6 needs to be tightened, the first locking knob 306 and the second locking knob 309 are unscrewed anticlockwise, so that the first support rod 307 can slide relative to the first holder 305, the second support rod 311 can slide relative to the second holder 313, the first support rod 307 and the second support rod 311 are adjusted to be in an initial state, then the double-end steel wire 6 sequentially penetrates through the steel nails and is wound into a single ring shape, the left end 6.1 penetrates through the variable-diameter empty slot at the front end of the first support rod 307 and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 308 and the variable-diameter empty slot, and the first wrench 308 is moved anticlockwise so that the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 308 compresses the left end 6.1; the right thread end 6.2 penetrates into the variable-diameter empty groove at the front end of the second support rod 311 and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 310 and the variable-diameter empty groove, and then the second wrench 310 is pulled clockwise to enable the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 310 to tightly press the right thread end 6.2;

when the fifth handwheel 302 is rotated clockwise, the worm structure in the middle of the fifth handwheel 302 transmits the torsion force to the second worm wheel 317, so that the second worm wheel 317 rotates clockwise, the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321 revolve around the axes along with the second worm wheel 317, the left end bevel gear structure of the first bevel gear set 315 meshed with the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second bevel gear set 320 meshed with the second planetary bevel gear 321 and the right end bevel gear structure of the second bevel gear set 320 rotate clockwise, the bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set 315 transmits the torsion force to the second gear 314 through the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second gear 314, so that the second gear 314 rotates clockwise, the second support rod 311 meshed with the upper end spur gear structure of the second gear 314 rotates to the right, meanwhile, the bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set 320 transmits the torsion force to the first gear 303 through the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first gear 303, the first gear 303 is rotated anticlockwise, the first stay bar 307 which is meshed with a straight gear structure at the upper end of the first gear 303 rotates leftwards and is opened, and the first stay bar 307 and the second stay bar 311 are opened leftwards and rightwards at the same time, so that the double-end steel wire 6 is tightened; the left thread end 6.1 and the right thread end 6.2 can be simultaneously loosened by rotating the fifth hand wheel 302 anticlockwise, and the tightening force of the double-thread steel wire 6 is adjusted by appropriately changing the rotating direction of the fifth hand wheel 302, so that the doctor can find the best effect of resetting the bone gap.

Because the worm gear and worm transmission is adopted between the fifth hand wheel 302 and the second worm wheel 317, the transmission is smooth, the tightening force can be adjusted in a stepless manner, the rotating direction can be switched frequently, the tightening and loosening can be realized in time, and the self-locking function is realized, namely, the tightening and loosening of the double-end steel wire 6 can be controlled only by the fifth hand wheel 302, namely, the one-way transmission is realized, and the self-loosening condition can not occur after the double-end steel wire 6 is tightened.

Secondly, when steel wires led out from two single-end wires need to be tightened, the first support rod 307 and the second support rod 311 are adjusted to be in an initial state, the first locking knob 306 and the second locking knob 309 are screwed clockwise, the relative sliding between the first support rod 307 and the first retainer 305 is locked, the relative sliding between the second support rod 311 and the second retainer 313 is locked, the led-out first steel wire penetrates into a variable-diameter empty slot at the front end of the first support rod 307 and passes through a gap between an eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 308 and the variable-diameter empty slot, and then the first wrench 308 is pulled anticlockwise to enable the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 308 to compress the first steel wire; penetrating the second led-out steel wire into the variable-diameter empty groove at the front end of the second support rod 311 and passing through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 310 and the variable-diameter empty groove, and then pulling the second wrench 310 clockwise to enable the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 310 to compress the second steel wire;

if the first steel wire is to be tightened independently, the first locking knob 306 is first loosened counterclockwise to enable the first stay 307 to slide relative to the first holder 305, then the fifth hand wheel 302 is rotated clockwise to enable the second worm wheel 317 to rotate clockwise, because the relative sliding between the second stay 311 and the second holder 313 is locked, the first bevel gear set 315 cannot rotate and the bevel gear structure at the left end cannot rotate, the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321 rotate around their own axes while revolving around their axes along with the second worm wheel 317, the bevel gear structure at the right end of the gear set 320 engaged with the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321 rotates clockwise, after the meshing transmission between the bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set 320 and the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first gear 303, the first gear 303 rotates counterclockwise, under the meshing action of a left spur rack at the rear end of the first stay bar 307 and a spur gear at the top end of the first gear 303, the first stay bar 307 rotates leftwards and opens, and the first steel wire is independently tightened; turning the fifth handwheel 302 counterclockwise allows for individual loosening of the first wire.

If the second steel wire needs to be tightened independently, the second locking knob 309 is unscrewed counterclockwise first to enable the second support rod 311 to slide relative to the second holder 313, then the fifth hand wheel 302 is rotated clockwise to enable the second worm wheel 317 to rotate clockwise, because the relative sliding between the first support rod 307 and the first holder 305 is locked, the second bevel gear set 320 cannot rotate, the bevel gear structure at the right end cannot rotate, the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321 rotate around the axes thereof while revolving along with the second worm wheel 317, the bevel gear structure at the left end of the first bevel gear set 315 meshed with the first planetary bevel gear 318 and the second planetary bevel gear 321 rotates clockwise, and after the meshing transmission of the bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set 315 and the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second gear 314, the second gear 314 rotates clockwise, under the meshing action of a spur rack at the right side of the rear end of the second support rod 311 and a spur gear at the top end of the second gear 314, the second support rod 311 rotates rightwards to be opened, and the second steel wire is independently tightened; turning the fifth handwheel 302 counterclockwise effects a separate loosening of the second wire.

4) As shown in fig. 23 and 24, when a single-end steel wire 5 needs to be tightened, a single-end led out wire passes through a wire hole at the front end of the single-end rack 401 and then penetrates into a variable-diameter groove on the winding drum 403, until the single-end steel wire 5 passes through a gap between an eccentric wheel and the variable-diameter groove, the third wrench 404 is wrenched clockwise, so that the eccentric wheel structure at the lower end of the third wrench 404 compresses the single-end steel wire 5, the sixth hand wheel 402 is rotated clockwise, the worm wheel structure at the right end of the worm wheel group 405 engaged with the worm structure at the lower end of the sixth hand wheel 402 also rotates clockwise, the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the winding drum 403 and the left bevel gear structure of the worm wheel group 405 also rotate clockwise, and the winding drum 403 rotates clockwise, so that the single-end steel wire 5 is tightened; the sixth handwheel 402 is rotated counterclockwise to loosen the single-start steel wire 5.

5) When the steel wire is required to be tightened in the operation, firstly, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 or the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 is selected according to the number and the type of the led-out steel wire, and is installed on the connecting mechanism 2, and then the connecting mechanism 2 is installed on the plugboard 110; then, the second hand wheel 105 is rotated by matching with the gear shift lever 104, the first hand wheel 103, the third hand wheel 112 and the fourth hand wheel 111 are sequentially rotated, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 or the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 is adjusted to a proper position and posture, and the steel wire can be tightened after the led-out steel wire is connected to the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 or the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4.

The references to "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are to be construed as references to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or as orientations and positional relationships conventionally found in use of the product of the present invention, and are intended to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.