阅读说明：本技术 一种气凝胶隔热材料生产中可控式纤维和溶胶自动喷注复合成型的方法及装置 (Method and device for automatic controllable fiber and sol injection composite molding in aerogel thermal insulation material production ) 是由 王立东 桑希军 罗宏毅 刘新明 汤浩 路爱梅 常和 郑张宜 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种气凝胶隔热材料生产中可控式纤维和溶胶自动喷注复合成型的方法,属于隔热材料制备技术领域,包括：将硅前驱体、醇溶剂和水混合,在催化剂作用下于溶胶制备装置中制得硅溶胶,将纤维毡安装于自动收放卷传输装置上；所述硅溶胶通过自动复合装置均匀喷注入纤维毡的孔隙中,得到纤维/硅溶胶复合材料；所述纤维/硅溶胶复合材料保持一段时间后形成凝胶体,干燥后得到纤维/二氧化硅气凝胶隔热材料。该方法实现了不同材质、不同厚度、不同幅宽纤维毡与硅溶胶的均匀复合,减少了溶胶的浪费,降低了生产成本。本发明还提供了一种可控式纤维和溶胶自动喷注复合成型装置。(The invention provides a method for automatically jetting and compounding controllable fibers and sol in the production of an aerogel heat-insulating material, which belongs to the technical field of heat-insulating material preparation and comprises the following steps: mixing a silicon precursor, an alcohol solvent and water, preparing silica sol in a sol preparation device under the action of a catalyst, and mounting a fiber felt on an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device; uniformly spraying and injecting the silica sol into pores of the fibrofelt through an automatic compounding device to obtain a fiber/silica sol composite material; and keeping the fiber/silica sol composite material for a period of time to form gel, and drying to obtain the fiber/silica aerogel thermal insulation material. The method realizes the uniform compounding of the fibrofelt with different materials, different thicknesses and different widths and the silica sol, reduces the waste of the sol and reduces the production cost. The invention also provides a controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding device.)

1. A method for automatically jetting and compounding controllable fibers and sol in the production of aerogel thermal insulation materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing a silicon precursor, an alcohol solvent and water, stirring in a sol preparation device (1) under the action of a catalyst I, adding a catalyst II for reaction to prepare silica sol, and installing a fibrofelt (4) on an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device (2);

uniformly spraying and injecting the silica sol into pores of the fibrofelt (4) through an automatic compounding device (3) to obtain a fiber/silica sol composite material;

and keeping the fiber/silica sol composite material for a period of time to form gel, and drying to obtain the fiber/silica aerogel thermal insulation material.

2. The method for automatically injecting and compounding the controllable fiber and the sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicon precursor is one or more of tetraethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethylsiloxane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane and trimethylethoxysilane, and the alcohol solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.

3. The method for automatically spraying and compounding the controllable fiber and the sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the silicon precursor to the alcohol solvent to the water is 1: 0.8-15: 0.25-0.6, the first catalyst is any one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid, and the second catalyst is ammonia water.

4. The method for automatically injecting and compounding the controllable fiber and the sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the fiber mat (4) is one or more mixed fibers of alkali-free fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, basalt fiber, mullite fiber, quartz fiber, high-silicon-oxygen fiber and alumina fiber, and the width of the fiber mat (4) is 200-2500 mm; the winding speed of the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device (2) is 0.01-5 m/min.

5. The method for automatically spraying and compounding the controllable fiber and the sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the glue injection amount of the silica sol is 50-100% of the saturated glue content in the pores of the fiber mat, the silica sol spraying mode of the automatic compounding device (3) comprises single-side spraying and double-side spraying, the single-side spraying is adopted when the thickness of the fiber mat (4) is less than 12mm, and the double-side spraying is adopted when the thickness of the fiber mat (4) is 8-25 mm.

6. The method for automatically spraying and compounding controllable fibers and sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying process of the fiber/silica sol composite material adopts any one of atmospheric pressure drying, alcohol supercritical drying and carbon dioxide supercritical drying.

7. The controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite forming device is characterized by comprising a sol preparation device (1), an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device (2) and an automatic composite device (3), wherein the sol preparation device (1) is used for preparing and storing silica sol, the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device (2) is used for installing and transmitting a fiber felt (4), the automatic composite device (3) comprises an automatic glue supply system (31) and an injection mechanism (32), the automatic glue supply system (31) is respectively connected with the sol preparation device (1) and the injection mechanism (32), the injection mechanism (32) is provided with a spray head (33), the fiber felt (4) on the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device (2) penetrates through the injection mechanism (32), the spray head (33) of the injection mechanism (32) is arranged on one side or two sides of the fiber felt (4), and the silica sol in the sol preparation device (1) is injected to the fiber from the spray head (33) under the driving of the automatic glue supply system (31) On the felt (4).

8. A controllable automatic fiber and sol injection composite molding device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said automatic take-up and pay-off transmission device (2) comprises two round rollers (21) and a plurality of guide rollers (22), said fiber mat (4) is installed on the two round rollers (21) and driven and transmitted by the round rollers (21), the plurality of guide rollers (22) are arranged between the two round rollers (21), and said round rollers (21) and the guide rollers (22) are parallel to each other.

9. A controllable automatic fiber and sol injection composite molding device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the automatic composite device (3) is disposed above the fiber mat (4), the injection mechanism (32) of the automatic composite device (3) comprises one or more nozzles (33), the nozzles (33) are aligned downward with the surface of the fiber mat (4), the two guide rollers (22) are provided at the same height, the two guide rollers (22) are respectively disposed at two sides below the nozzles (33) and enable the fiber mat (4) to horizontally pass below the nozzles (33).

10. The automatic injection composite molding device for the controllable fiber and the controllable sol according to claim 8, wherein the injection mechanism (32) comprises two vertical hollow plates (34) and a plurality of nozzles (33), the tops of the hollow plates (34) are communicated with the automatic glue supply system (31), the plurality of nozzles (33) are horizontally connected to the inner side surfaces of the two hollow plates (34), a horizontal strip-shaped hole (35) is formed in one side of each hollow plate (34), the width of each strip-shaped hole (35) is larger than that of the fiber felt (4), and the fiber felt (4) vertically penetrates through the gap between the nozzles (33) of the two hollow plates (34) upwards and then horizontally penetrates out of the injection mechanism (32) from the strip-shaped hole (35).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation material preparation, and relates to a method and a device for controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding in aerogel heat insulation material production.

Background

The silica aerogel is a nano porous light material and has excellent heat insulation performance. Compared with the traditional heat-insulating material, the silica aerogel heat-insulating material has the characteristics of small density, low heat conductivity coefficient, good heat resistance and flame retardance, good hydrophobic property, long service life, convenient construction and maintenance and the like, and the application of the silica aerogel heat-insulating material in various fields is in a rapid expansion trend in recent years. In the automatic mass production of the silica aerogel thermal insulation material, how to realize the controllable and uniform composite molding of the fiber and the sol is a key core technical guarantee for finally obtaining a uniform aerogel thermal insulation material product. The existing production process of the silicon dioxide aerogel thermal insulation material generally adopts a mode of immersing a fibrofelt into silica sol, so that the content of the aerogel in the composite material cannot be controlled, and the waste of the sol is easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for automatically injecting and compounding controllable fibers and sol in the production of aerogel thermal insulation materials, which realizes the uniform compounding of fibrofelts with different materials, different thicknesses and different widths and silica sol, effectively controls the content of aerogel in the composite materials, reduces the waste of the sol and reduces the production cost.

The invention also provides a controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding device.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding in aerogel thermal insulation material production comprises the following steps:

mixing a silicon precursor, an alcohol solvent and water, stirring in a sol preparation device for more than 2 hours under the action of a catalyst I, adding a catalyst II for reaction to prepare silica sol, and installing a fibrofelt on an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device;

uniformly spraying and injecting the silica sol into pores of the fibrofelt through an automatic compounding device to obtain a fiber/silica sol composite material;

and keeping the fiber/silica sol composite material for a period of time to form gel, and drying to obtain the fiber/silica aerogel thermal insulation material.

Further, the silicon precursor is one or more of tetraethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, methyl trimethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, dimethyl dimethoxysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, trimethyl methoxysilane and trimethyl ethoxysilane, and the alcohol solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.

Further, the mass ratio of the silicon precursor to the alcohol solvent to the water is 1: 0.8-15: 0.25-0.6, the first catalyst is any one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid and oxalic acid, and the second catalyst is ammonia water.

Further, the fiber felt is one or more mixed fibers of alkali-free fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, basalt fibers, mullite fibers, quartz fibers, high-silicon-oxygen fibers and alumina fibers, and the width of the fiber felt is 200-2500 mm; the winding speed of the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device is 0.01-5 m/min.

Further, the glue injection amount of the silica sol is 50% -100% of the saturated glue content in the pores of the fibrofelt, the silica sol injection mode of the automatic compounding device comprises single-sided injection and double-sided injection, the single-sided injection is adopted when the thickness of the fibrofelt is less than 12mm, and the double-sided injection is adopted when the thickness of the fibrofelt is 8-25 mm.

Further, the drying process of the fiber/silica sol composite material adopts any one of normal pressure drying, alcohol supercritical drying and carbon dioxide supercritical drying.

A controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite forming device comprises a sol preparation device, an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device and an automatic composite device, wherein the sol preparation device is used for preparing and storing silica sol, the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device is used for installing and transmitting fibrofelt, the automatic composite device comprises an automatic glue supply system and an injection mechanism, the automatic glue supply system is respectively connected with the sol preparation device and the injection mechanism, a spray head is arranged on the injection mechanism, the fibrofelt on the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device penetrates through the injection mechanism, the spray head of the injection mechanism is arranged on one side or two sides of the fibrofelt, and the silica sol in the sol preparation device is injected on the fibrofelt from the spray head under the driving of the automatic glue supply system.

Further, automatic receive and release roll transmission device includes two circle rollers and several guide rolls, the fibrofelt is installed on two circle rollers and through circle roller drive and conveying, and several guide rolls set up between two circle rollers, circle roller and guide roll are parallel to each other.

Furthermore, the automatic composite device is arranged above the fibrofelt, the injection mechanism of the automatic composite device comprises one or more spray heads, the spray heads are downwards aligned with the surface of the fibrofelt, the two guide rollers are consistent in height, and the two guide rollers are respectively arranged on two sides below the spray heads and enable the fibrofelt to horizontally pass below the spray heads.

Or the injection mechanism comprises two vertical hollow plates and a plurality of spray heads, the tops of the hollow plates are communicated with the automatic glue supply system, the plurality of spray heads are horizontally connected to the inner side surfaces of the two hollow plates, a horizontal strip-shaped hole is formed in the single-side hollow plate, the width of the strip-shaped hole is larger than that of the fibrofelt, and the fibrofelt penetrates out of the injection mechanism from the strip-shaped hole after vertically penetrating through the spray head gaps of the two hollow plates.

Furthermore, the spray heads are connected to the middle and the lower portion of the hollow plate, the height of the strip-shaped holes is larger than that of the spray heads, and the shape and the trend of the fibrofelt in the injection mechanism are adjusted through the guide rollers.

Furthermore, the liquid level sprayed by the spray head is fan-shaped, and the fan-shaped spraying angle is 10-80 degrees; the injection pressure is 0.1-0.6 MPa; the distance between the spray head and the surface of the fiber felt is 10-100 mm.

Further, the automatic glue supply system comprises a liquid storage tank and a flow pump, and the winding speed and the flow pump of the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device are controlled to operate through a controller.

In the invention, the adopted flow pump, the controller, the sol preparation device and the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device are all the existing structures or equipment, and the structures and the working principles are not detailed herein.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

1. according to the method for the automatic spraying and composite forming of the controllable fiber and the sol in the production of the aerogel thermal insulation material, the uniform compounding of the fibrofelts with different materials, different thicknesses and different widths and the silica sol is realized by adopting a silica sol spraying fibrofelt mode, and after gelation, drying is carried out, so that a uniform fiber reinforced aerogel composite material is obtained, meanwhile, the waste of the sol is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

2. The invention relates to a controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite forming device, which adopts an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device to transmit a fiber felt, wherein the fiber felt passes through the automatic compounding device, an injection mechanism in the automatic compounding device adopts a single-sided or double-sided injection mode to spray silica sol in the fiber felt, and the injection amount can be controlled by adjusting the transmission speed, the injection angle, the height and the injection pressure of a nozzle of the automatic winding and unwinding transmission device, so that the uniform compounding of the fiber felt and the silica sol with different materials, different thicknesses and different widths is realized, and the waste of the sol is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an automatic compounding device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an automatic compounding device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a sol preparation device, 2-an automatic winding and unwinding transmission device, 21-a round roller, 22-a guide roller, 3-an automatic compounding device, 31-an automatic glue supply system, 32-a spraying mechanism, 33-a spray head, 34-a hollow plate, 35-a strip-shaped hole, 4-a fiber felt and 5-a controller.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:

the invention provides a method and a device for controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding in aerogel thermal insulation material production, aiming at reducing the waste of sol, adjusting the content of composite material sol as required and improving the composite uniformity of a fiber felt and silica sol.

The method and the apparatus for the controllable fiber and sol automatic injection composite molding in the production of aerogel thermal insulation material according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.