阅读说明：本技术 一种万向减速器 (Universal speed reducer ) 是由 赵雅婷 赵韩 黄康 熊杨寿 于 2020-05-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种万向减速器,属于传动机构领域,包括有蜗轮、蜗杆以及与蜗杆共面垂直设置的输出轴；所述蜗轮向一侧延伸有蜗轮轴杆,所述蜗轮轴杆上固接有主动锥齿轮；所述输出轴上固接有从动锥齿轮,所述从动锥齿轮与蜗轮轴杆上的主动锥齿轮相啮合；所述输出轴通过U型支架活动连接于蜗轮轴杆上；所述输出轴和U型支架可绕蜗轮轴杆相对转动；本发明通过轴承的转动带动实现输出轴的方向发生转动,改变传统减速器只能实现定轴转动的惯例,本发明可实现输出轴360°自由旋转而不会发生输入轴输出轴的干涉。(The invention relates to a universal speed reducer, which belongs to the field of transmission mechanisms and comprises a worm wheel, a worm and an output shaft which is vertically arranged in a coplanar manner with the worm; a worm gear shaft rod extends towards one side of the worm gear, and a driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft rod; a driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft and meshed with a driving bevel gear on a worm wheel shaft rod; the output shaft is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft lever through a U-shaped bracket; the output shaft and the U-shaped bracket can rotate relatively around the worm wheel shaft; the invention realizes the rotation of the direction of the output shaft by the rotation of the bearing, changes the convention that the traditional speed reducer can only realize the rotation of the fixed shaft, and can realize the free rotation of the output shaft by 360 degrees without the interference of the output shaft of the input shaft.)

1. A universal speed reducer is characterized by comprising a worm wheel, a worm and an output shaft which is perpendicular to the same plane of the worm; a worm gear shaft rod extends towards one side of the worm gear, and a driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft rod; a driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft and meshed with a driving bevel gear on a worm wheel shaft rod; the output shaft is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft lever through a U-shaped bracket; the output shaft is movably connected to the U-shaped support through a bearing III in the center of the bottom of the U-shaped support, the U-shaped support is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft rod through a bearing I and a bearing II at the tail end of the U-shaped support, and the output shaft and the U-shaped support can rotate around the worm wheel shaft rod relatively.

2. The universal speed reducer according to claim 1, further comprising a worm gear box and a bevel gear box for wrapping the worm gear and the worm; the worm extends out of the worm gear box body, and the output shaft extends out of the bevel gear box body; the bevel gear box body is movably connected with the worm gear box body and can rotate relatively.

3. The universal speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bevel gear box body is provided with a flange, the worm gear box body is provided with a groove matched with the flange on the bevel gear box body, and the bevel gear box body and the worm gear box body can rotate relatively through the flange and the groove which are movably connected.

4. The universal speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein a bearing retainer ring is arranged on a bearing II on the side of the worm gear shaft away from the worm wheel.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of transmission mechanisms, in particular to a universal speed reducer.

Background

The speed reducer is mainly used for realizing the functions of reducing speed and simultaneously transmitting rotating speed and torque between the prime mover and the working machine. However, most of the existing speed reducers can only realize the directional rotation of an output shaft. For example, a common cylindrical gear reducer is generally used for speed reduction transmission between two parallel shafts; the common bevel gear is mostly used for speed reduction transmission between two intersecting shafts with a certain space intersection angle. In the existing speed reducer products, the same speed reducer is generally only suitable for speed reduction transmission of a certain specific shaft intersection angle. If the intersection angle of the two shafts is constantly changed, a special serial universal coupling is required to realize universal transmission, so that the coupling relationship between the shafts of a mechanical system is often complicated, each independent transmission part including a universal joint needs an independent sealing and lubricating system, and the weight, the volume and the cost of the mechanical system are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at a universal speed reducer, and mainly aims at a speed reducer output mechanism which can realize different directions by realizing the reversible rotation of a speed reducer output shaft.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a universal speed reducer comprises a worm wheel, a worm and an output shaft which is arranged in a coplanar and vertical mode with the worm; a worm gear shaft rod extends towards one side of the worm gear, and a driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft rod; a driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft and meshed with a driving bevel gear on a worm wheel shaft rod; the output shaft is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft lever through a U-shaped bracket; the output shaft is movably connected to the U-shaped support through a bearing III in the center of the bottom of the U-shaped support, the U-shaped support is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft rod through a bearing I and a bearing II at the tail end of the U-shaped support, and the output shaft and the U-shaped support can rotate around the worm wheel shaft rod relatively;

the worm extends out of the worm gear box body, and the output shaft extends out of the bevel gear box body; the bevel gear box body is movably connected with the worm gear box body and can rotate relatively.

The bevel gear box body is provided with a flange, the worm gear box body is provided with a groove matched with the flange on the bevel gear box body, and the bevel gear box body and the worm gear box body can rotate relative to each other through the flange and the groove which are movably connected.

And a bearing retainer ring is arranged on a bearing II on one side of the worm gear shaft lever, which is far away from the worm gear.

The worm drives the worm wheel to rotate and simultaneously drives the worm wheel shaft lever to rotate, and the worm wheel shaft lever drives the driving bevel gear fixedly connected with the worm wheel shaft lever to rotate; a driven bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft; the output shaft is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft lever through a U-shaped support, the U-shaped support is rotatably connected with the worm wheel shaft lever through a bearing, the U-shaped support is connected with the output shaft through a bearing, and a driven bevel gear is meshed with a driving bevel gear on the worm wheel shaft lever; and then the driven bevel gear and the output shaft are driven to rotate in different directions.

The driving bevel gear is arranged on the worm shaft rod, so that the rotating speeds of the driving bevel gear and the worm shaft rod are the same, the driven bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft, so that the rotating speeds of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are the same, and the speed reduction is realized and controlled by changing the gear ratio of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear.

The bevel gear box body and the worm gear box body are matched through an upper flange of the bevel gear box body and an upper groove of the worm gear box body, so that relative rotation is realized, and rotation of an output shaft is guaranteed.

The invention aims at the existing universal speed reducer to realize 360-degree free rotation of the output shaft without interference between the input shaft (worm) and the output shaft.

The structure of the invention has the advantages that:

1. the direction of the output shaft is driven to rotate through the rotation of the bearing, and the conventional practice that the traditional speed reducer can only realize the rotation of the fixed shaft is changed.

2. The bevel gear box body can realize relative rotation with the worm gear box body.

3. The output shaft can rotate freely for 360 degrees without interference of the output shaft of the input shaft.

The invention has simple structure, low cost, long service life and good application effect, and is suitable for being popularized and used in various application occasions.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a decelerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the worm gear box and the bevel gear box of the reducer of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the flange on the partial structure of the bevel gear case of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structure diagram of the groove position of the worm gear box body of the invention.

In the figure: 1: worm wheel, 2: bearing I, 3: worm gear shaft, 4: drive bevel gear, 5: bearing II, bearing 6: bearing retainer ring, 7: driven bevel gear, 8: bearing III, 9: output shaft, 10: u-shaped support, 11: worm, 12: bevel gear box, 13: worm gear box, 14: flange, 15: groove

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a universal speed reducer comprises a worm wheel 1, a worm 11 and an output shaft 9 which is arranged in a coplanar and vertical mode with the worm 11; a worm wheel shaft rod 3 extends towards one side of the worm wheel 1, and a driving bevel gear 4 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel shaft rod 3; a driven bevel gear 7 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 9, and the driven bevel gear 7 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 4 on the worm wheel shaft 3; the output shaft 9 is movably connected to the worm gear shaft lever 3 through a U-shaped bracket 10; the output shaft 9 is movably connected to the U-shaped support 10 through a bearing III 8 in the center of the bottom of the U-shaped support 10, the U-shaped support 10 is movably connected to the worm gear shaft 3 through a bearing I2 and a bearing II 5 at the tail end of the U-shaped support 10, and the output shaft 9 and the U-shaped support 10 can rotate relatively around the worm gear shaft 3;

the bevel gear box body 12 is movably connected with the worm gear box body 13 and can rotate relatively.

The bevel gear box body 12 is provided with a flange 14, the worm gear box body 13 is provided with a groove 15 matched with the flange 14 on the bevel gear box body 12, the worm 1 extends out of the worm gear box body 13, and the output shaft 9 extends out of the bevel gear box body 12; the bevel gear box body 12 and the worm gear box body 13 can rotate relatively through a flange 14 and a groove 15 which are movably connected.

And a bearing retainer ring 6 is arranged on a bearing II 5 on one side of the worm wheel shaft lever 3, which is far away from the worm wheel 1.

The invention mainly drives a worm wheel 1 to rotate and simultaneously drives a worm wheel shaft lever 3 to rotate through a worm 11, and the worm wheel shaft lever 3 drives a driving bevel gear 4 fixedly connected with the worm wheel shaft lever to rotate; a driven bevel gear 7 is arranged on the output shaft 9; the output shaft 9 is movably connected to the worm wheel shaft lever 3 through a U-shaped support 10, the U-shaped support 10 is rotatably connected with the worm wheel shaft lever 3 through a bearing, the U-shaped support 10 is connected with the output shaft 9 through a bearing, and the driven bevel gear 7 is meshed with the driving bevel gear 4 on the worm wheel shaft lever 3; and then the driven bevel gear 7 and the output shaft 9 are driven to rotate in different directions.

The bevel gear box body 12 and the worm gear box body 13 are matched through an upper flange 14 of the bevel gear box body 12 and an upper groove 15 of the worm gear box body 13 so as to realize relative rotation and ensure the rotation of the output shaft 9.

The invention aims at the existing universal speed reducer to realize 360-degree free rotation of the output shaft without interference between the input shaft (worm 1) and the output shaft 9.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.