阅读说明：本技术 一种多品种小批量产品的全流程自动浇注工艺方法 (Full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products ) 是由 李增群 田立海 孙成安 张钊 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多品种小批量产品的全流程自动浇注工艺方法,涉及铸造技术领域。本发明包括以下步骤在三维建模软件中进行产品建模,并绘制产品的铸造工艺清单和要求,经装配后的浇注托盘与芯包或者砂箱之间的位置就是固定,如此便可根据浇注用托盘的零点X,Y,Z=0,0,0,将需要浇注的产品放置在自动浇注机上,通过自动浇注机对需要浇注的产品进行浇注铸型。本发明,通过自动浇注机替代了人工浇注,可避免浇注过程发生的意外,提高了环境安全,且本发明的方案使用范围广,既可用于大批量生产铸件,又可以适用于小批量多品种产品,同时也可以用于重量差异较大的产品自动浇注。(The invention discloses a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products, and relates to the technical field of casting. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out product modeling in three-dimensional modeling software, drawing a casting process list and requirements of the product, fixing the position between the assembled pouring tray and the core package or the sand box, placing the product to be poured on an automatic pouring machine according to the zero points X, Y and Z =0, 0 and 0 of the tray for pouring, and carrying out pouring casting on the product to be poured by the automatic pouring machine. The invention replaces manual pouring with the automatic pouring machine, can avoid accidents in the pouring process, improves the environmental safety, has wide application range of the scheme, can be used for producing castings in large scale, can be suitable for small-scale and various products, and can also be used for automatically pouring products with larger weight difference.)

1. A full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, carrying out product modeling in three-dimensional modeling software, and drawing a casting process list and requirements of the product;

s2, assembling the standard tray (1) for pouring and a core package or a sand box:

if the mould is a flaskless mould, directly introducing the model of the tray into drawing software, and assembling the model of the tray (1) and the core package of the product through positioning between the tray (1) and the sand core at the lowest part of the core package;

if the box is molded, the position of a sprue needs to be fixed and marked on a mould template, models of tools such as a sand box and a tray (1) are simultaneously led into drawing software, then the sand box, the models and the like are assembled and combined according to information such as a parting surface of a casting process scheme, the model of the sand box and the like, and finally a casting process three-dimensional model with the sand box is assembled with the tray (1);

s3, the position between the assembled pouring tray (1) and the core pack or the sand box is fixed, so that the position can be adjusted according to the zero point X, Y, Z =0, 0, 0 of the pouring tray (1);

s4, according to the step S3, the tray (1) for pouring is mainly used for transferring and placing the core package of the flaskless molding and the casting mold with the sand box during the box molding, the position of the tray relative to each pouring station (6) is fixed, the zero point is selected mainly for establishing the space coordinate of the whole automatic pouring system, in order to reduce the accumulated error of the space coordinate of the whole coordinate, the center of the tray (1) close to the side line of the plane on the side of the pouring machine is optimally selected as the zero point, so that the coordinates X, Y, Z = X1, Y1 and Z1 of the straight pouring gate on the core package can be marked according to the zero point;

s5, accurately positioning and placing the positions of the sand box and the mould, the positions of the sand box and the tray (1) or the positions of the core package and the tray (1) according to the casting process list and requirements in the step S1 during core assembly molding and pouring, so that the core package or the sand box after the whole molding and core assembly is finished has a process three-dimensional coordinate;

and S6, placing the product to be cast on an automatic casting machine, and casting the product to be cast by the automatic casting machine.

2. The full-flow automatic pouring process method for the multi-variety small-batch products according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic casting machine of the full-flow automatic casting process method of the multi-variety small-batch products comprises a tray (1) and a casting ladle (7), wherein the tray (1) is horizontally arranged, a casting ladle (7) is horizontally arranged on the back of the tray (1), a mould ladle (2) is fixedly arranged on the surface of the tray (1), a pouring basin (5) is arranged on the surface of the mould ladle (2), a steering mechanism (A), an X-direction guide rail (8), a Y-direction guide rail (9) and a Z-direction guide rail (10) are arranged outside the casting ladle (7), the steering mechanism (A) is arranged outside the casting ladle (7), a Y-direction guide rail (9) is arranged below the steering mechanism (A), an X-direction guide rail (8) is arranged at the upper end of the casting ladle (7), and a Z-direction guide rail (10) is vertically arranged at the upper end of the steering mechanism (A).

3. An automatic casting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inside of type package (2) is provided with sprue coordinate (4), the upper end that sprue coordinate (4) are located type package (2) is close to the front and sets up, the surface of tray (1) is close to the front and sets up tray zero point (3).

4. An automatic casting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: and a pouring station (6) is arranged at the upper end of the tray (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products.

Background

Casting is one of basic industries of modern mechanical manufacturing industry, the level of the casting industry represents the production strength of a country, but as a traditional industry, most castings are mainly produced by single pieces and small batches, and the problems of required tooling equipment, more raw materials, complex operation process, low production efficiency, high labor intensity of workers, high control difficulty of the pouring process and the like exist; in the production and casting process of castings, smelting and pouring have very important influence on the quality of the castings, but in the prior art, the pouring of most products is still in a manual hand-operated pouring ladle pouring mode, the pouring quality is difficult to control, even the products capable of realizing automatic pouring are mainly produced in a production line mode of single variety, large quantity, similar size and shape, fixed sprue positions and the like, and the automatic production line is difficult to realize for the products with large differences of various product types, small batch, casting structure, pouring weight, sprue positions and the like, especially the automatic pouring is more difficult, so that a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products is provided to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products, which has the advantages of realizing automatic pouring of various products with small batch, less casting structure, pouring weight, sprue position and other differences, realizing automatic pouring of various products with small batch and large weight difference, improving pouring efficiency, reducing production cost and solving various problems of poor stability, unstable product quality, production efficiency, cost, environmental safety and the like in the casting and pouring process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products comprises the following steps:

and S1, modeling the product in the three-dimensional modeling software, and drawing a casting process list and requirements of the product.

S2, assembling the standard tray and core package or sand box for pouring:

a. if the mould is a flaskless mould, the mould of the tray is directly led into drawing software, and the tray mould and the core package of the product are assembled through positioning between the tray and the sand core at the lowest part of the core package.

b. If the mold is a box mold, the position of a sprue needs to be fixed and marked on a mold template, models of tools such as a sand box, a tray and the like are simultaneously led into drawing software, the sand box, the models and the like are assembled and combined according to information such as a parting surface of a casting process scheme, the model of the sand box and the like, and finally the casting process three-dimensional model with the sand box is assembled with the tray.

S3, the position between the assembled pouring tray and the core pack or the sand box is fixed, so that the position can be determined according to the zero point X, Y, Z =0, 0, 0 of the pouring tray.

S4, according to the step S3, the tray for pouring is mainly used for transferring and placing core packages of flaskless molds and molds with sand boxes during boxed molding, the position of the tray relative to each pouring station is fixed, the zero point is selected mainly for establishing the space coordinate of the whole automatic pouring system, in order to reduce the accumulated error of the space coordinate of the whole coordinate, the center of the upper plane side line of the tray close to the side of the pouring machine is optimally selected as the zero point, and therefore the coordinates X, Y, Z = X1, Y1 and Z1 of the sprue on the core package can be marked according to the zero point.

S5, when core assembling and casting, according to the casting process list and requirement in the step S1, the positions of the sand box and the mould, the positions of the sand box and the tray or the positions of the core package and the tray are accurately positioned and placed, so that the core package or the sand box after the whole molding and core assembling is finished has the process three-dimensional coordinates.

And S6, placing the product to be cast on an automatic casting machine, and casting the product to be cast by the automatic casting machine.

By adopting the technical scheme of the step S6, the automatic casting machine comprises a casting ladle, a tilting mechanism A, a traversing mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a casting machine body, a track, a control and operation system, a safety system and a cable device, and has four degrees of freedom of movement, namely X (longitudinal movement), Y (transverse movement), Z (lifting) and A (tilting casting and slag removal).

Further, this automatic casting machine of full flow automatic casting process method of many varieties small batch product, including tray and casting ladle, the tray is the level setting, just the back level of tray be provided with the casting ladle, the fixed surface of tray installs the type package, just type package surface be provided with the runner basin, the outside of casting the ladle is provided with steering mechanism A, X to guide rail, Y to guide rail and Z to the guide rail, the outside of casting the ladle is provided with steering mechanism A, just steering mechanism A's below be provided with Y to the guide rail, the upper end of casting the ladle is provided with X to the guide rail, steering mechanism A's upper end is vertical to be provided with Z to the guide rail.

Furthermore, a sprue coordinate is arranged in the mould bag, the sprue coordinate is located at the upper end of the mould bag and close to the front, and a tray zero point is arranged on the surface of the tray close to the front.

Furthermore, a pouring station is arranged at the upper end of the tray.

Compared with the prior art, the full-flow automatic pouring process method for the multi-variety small-batch products has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through data positioning of the datum points on the datum points, automatic casting of casting molds at different pouring basin positions can be realized, so that the automatic casting is more flexible, the applicability is stronger, accurate data such as coordinates and casting weight are provided through the use of three-dimensional drawing software, so that the casting process and information are more accurate, the data measured by the three-dimensional drawing software is directly transmitted to a casting machine through a data processing system, the casting process parameters are more effectively controlled, and the qualified rate of casting products is improved.

2. The automatic casting machine replaces manual casting, accidents in the casting process can be avoided, the environmental safety is improved, and the scheme of the invention has wide application range, can be used for producing castings in large scale, can be suitable for small-scale and multi-variety products, and can also be used for automatically casting products with large weight difference.

3. The invention can obtain the accurate data required by the product pouring, namely the pouring weight, the pouring time, the straight pouring gate coordinate and other information of the product through the design of the automatic pouring process. After the process design is finished, a designer inputs the process information into the data processing system, the data processing system sends the pouring information of different used products to the data processing system of the pouring machine according to different pouring stations, the pouring machine executes automatic pouring according to the data converted by the pouring machine according to the self equipment characteristics, and automatic pouring of various small-batch products is realized. If the process scheme is that the pouring basin needs to be placed, the Z value in the process data is added with the height of the standard pouring basin in a data processing system of the casting machine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of the automatic casting process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the automatic casting process of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structural bag according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a tray; 2. molding bags; 3. a tray zero point; 4. a sprue coordinate; 5. a pouring basin; 6. a casting station; 7. casting a ladle; 8. an X-direction guide rail; 9. a Y-direction guide rail; 10. a Z-direction guide rail; A. a tilting mechanism.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a full-flow automatic pouring process method for various small-batch products comprises the following steps:

and S1, modeling the product in the three-dimensional modeling software, and drawing a casting process list and requirements of the product.

S2, assembling the standard tray 1 for pouring and a core package or a sand box:

a. if the mould is a boxless mould, the model of the tray is directly led into drawing software, and the model of the tray 1 and the core package of the product are assembled by positioning between the tray 1 and the sand core at the lowest part of the core package;

b. if the box is molded, the position of a sprue needs to be fixed and marked on a mould template, models of tools such as a sand box, a tray 1 and the like are simultaneously led into drawing software, then the sand box, the models and the like are assembled and combined according to information such as a parting surface of a casting process scheme, the model of the sand box and the like, and finally a casting process three-dimensional model with the sand box is assembled with the tray 1;

s3, the position between the assembled tray 1 and the core pack or the sand box is fixed, so that the position can be adjusted according to the zero point X, Y, Z =0, 0, 0 of the tray 1;

s4, it can be known from the above step S3 that the tray 1 for casting is mainly used for transferring and placing the core package of the flaskless mold and the mold with the sand box during the boxed mold, the position of the tray relative to each casting station 6 is fixed, the zero point is selected mainly for establishing the space coordinate of the whole automatic casting system, and for reducing the cumulative error of the space coordinate of the whole coordinate, the center of the tray 1 near the side line of the upper plane of the casting machine side is optimally selected as the zero point, so that the coordinates X, Y, Z = X1, Y1, Z1 of the sprue on the core package can be marked according to the zero point;

s5, when core assembling and casting, according to the casting process list and the requirement in the step S1, the positions of the sand box and the mould, the positions of the sand box and the tray 1 or the positions of the core package and the tray 1 are accurately positioned and placed, so that the core package or the sand box after the whole molding and core assembling is finished has the process three-dimensional coordinates.

S6, placing a product to be poured on an automatic pouring machine, and pouring and casting the product to be poured through the automatic pouring machine, wherein the automatic pouring machine comprises a ladle 7, a tilting mechanism A, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a pouring machine body, a track, a control and operation system, a safety system and a cable device, and the automatic pouring machine has four freedom degrees of movement, namely X (longitudinal movement), Y (transverse movement), Z (lifting) and A (tilting pouring and slag removal).

The automatic casting machine comprises a tray 1 and a casting ladle 7, wherein the tray 1 is horizontally arranged, the casting ladle 7 is horizontally arranged on the back of the tray 1, the casting ladle 2 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the tray 1, a pouring basin 5 is arranged on the surface of the casting ladle 2, a steering mechanism A, X is arranged outside the casting ladle 7, a guide rail 8, a Y-guide rail 9 and a Z-guide rail 10 are arranged outside the casting ladle 7, a steering mechanism A is arranged outside the casting ladle 7, the Y-guide rail 9 is arranged below the steering mechanism A, an X-guide rail 8 is arranged at the upper end of the casting ladle 7, the Z-guide rail 10 is vertically arranged at the upper end of the steering mechanism A, a sprue coordinate 4 is arranged inside the casting ladle 2, the sprue coordinate 4 is arranged at the upper end of the casting ladle 2 and close to the front, a tray 3 is arranged on the surface of the zero point of the tray 1 and close to the front, a casting station 6 is arranged at the upper end of the tray 1, wherein, the casting station 6 is mainly used for placing a casting mold of a product to be cast, the casting mold can be a core package without a box mold and can also be a sand box with a box mold, when a casting task is performed, the casting machine moves to a station to be cast along X, the tilting mechanism tilts along an A axis, the lifting mechanism lifts along a Z axis, the traversing mechanism traverses along a Y axis, three axes are linked for automatic casting, the casting is performed in the next station after the casting is completed, each casting station has an independent X, Y, Z three-dimensional space coordinate system, the coordinate direction of the coordinate system is consistent with the direction of a X, Y, Z system of the casting machine, wherein the X axis is the advancing direction of a body of the casting machine, the Y axis is the horizontal direction vertical to the X axis, the Z axis is the vertical direction vertical to the XY horizontal plane, the Z axis is the vertical lifting direction of the casting ladle, and each casting station also has a coordinate, the zero point of the coordinate is the zero point of the tray for casting when the tray for casting is placed at the casting station, namely X, Y, Z =0, 0, 0; therefore, the coordinate zero points used in the whole automatic pouring system are the same zero point, and all coordinate information is set by taking the tray zero point as a reference.

When the automatic pouring device is used, through the design of the automatic pouring process, accurate data required by the product pouring can be obtained, namely, the pouring weight, the pouring time, the straight pouring gate coordinate and other information of the product, after the process design is finished, a designer inputs the process information into the data processing system, the data processing system sends the pouring information of different products to the data processing system of the pouring machine according to different pouring stations, the pouring machine executes automatic pouring according to the self equipment characteristics of the data and the data converted by the pouring machine, so that the automatic pouring of various small-batch products can be realized, when a pouring task is carried out, the pouring machine moves to a pouring station to be poured along X, the tilting mechanism tilts along the A axis, meanwhile, the lifting mechanism lifts along the Z axis, the transverse moving mechanism moves along the Y axis, the three axes are linked to carry out automatic pouring, and (4) pouring in the next station after pouring, if the process scheme is that a pouring basin needs to be placed, adding the Z value in the process data to the height of the standard pouring basin in a pouring machine data processing system.

It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.