阅读说明：本技术 一种新型立式珩齿机 (Novel vertical gear honing machine ) 是由 吴银剑 何金钟 张伟 张欣 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种新型立式珩齿机,包括：机床床身；垂直于与机床床身设置的立轴装置,所述立轴装置用于涨紧并驱动待加工齿轮旋转,待加工齿轮具有竖向轴线；垂直于与机床床身设置并位于所述立轴装置一侧的珩轮架,所述珩轮架上转动安装有珩齿刀,所述珩齿刀也具有竖向轴线,所述珩轮架通过进给装置安装于所述机床床身上,所述进给装置用于驱动所述珩轮架靠近或远离所述立轴装置。本发明所提供的新型立式珩齿机,立轴装置采用立式布置,珩齿刀采用水平方向进给,简化了齿轮上、下料工序,实现了齿轮自动化上、下料,极大地提高了齿轮加工效率。(The invention provides a novel vertical gear honing machine, which comprises: a machine tool body; the vertical shaft device is perpendicular to the vertical shaft device arranged on the machine tool body and used for tensioning and driving the gear to be machined to rotate, and the gear to be machined has a vertical axis; the honing wheel frame is perpendicular to the machine tool body and positioned on one side of the vertical shaft device, a honing tooth cutter is rotatably arranged on the honing wheel frame, the honing tooth cutter also has a vertical axis, the honing wheel frame is arranged on the machine tool body through a feeding device, and the feeding device is used for driving the honing wheel frame to be close to or far away from the vertical shaft device. According to the novel vertical gear honing machine provided by the invention, the vertical shaft device is vertically arranged, and the gear honing tool is fed in the horizontal direction, so that the gear feeding and discharging process is simplified, the automatic gear feeding and discharging is realized, and the gear processing efficiency is greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides a novel vertical gear honing machine which characterized in that includes:

a machine tool body;

the vertical shaft device is perpendicular to the vertical shaft device arranged on the machine tool body and used for tensioning and driving the gear to be machined to rotate, and the gear to be machined has a vertical axis;

the honing wheel frame is perpendicular to the machine tool body and positioned on one side of the vertical shaft device, a honing tooth cutter is rotatably arranged on the honing wheel frame, the honing tooth cutter also has a vertical axis, the honing wheel frame is arranged on the machine tool body through a feeding device, and the feeding device is used for driving the honing wheel frame to be close to or far away from the vertical shaft device.

2. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 1, wherein the vertical shaft device comprises:

the vertical shaft is rotatably arranged on the machine tool body through a bearing;

the positioning assembly is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shaft and used for clamping a gear to be machined, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning mandrel fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft and a positioning disc which penetrates through the positioning mandrel and is sleeved on the positioning mandrel and fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel, the shape of the positioning disc is matched with that of the gear, a plurality of vertical positioning columns are circumferentially arranged on the upper surface of the positioning disc, and a tensioning sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the positioning mandrel and used for connecting the gear to be machined to the positioning mandrel in a tensioning manner;

and the first motor is used for driving the vertical shaft to rotate.

3. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 2, wherein the positioning assembly further comprises a pull rod and a pull nail for tightening the tensioning sleeve;

the vertical shaft is a hollow shaft, and the pull rod is sleeved in an inner hole of the vertical shaft; the rivet vertically penetrates through the positioning mandrel and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pull rod, the lower end of the pull rod is connected with a cylinder, and the cylinder is used for driving the pull rod to downwards tension the tensioning sleeve so as to deform the tensioning sleeve to tension the gear to be machined.

4. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 3, wherein the cylinder is connected with the pull rod through a pull head, the lower end of the pull rod is rotatably supported through a bearing, and the pull head is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing of the pull rod through an adapter.

5. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises:

the bottom plate is fixed on the machine tool body, and a first horizontal guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate;

the honing wheel frame is arranged on the feed sliding plate;

and the driving assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and positioned on one side of the feed sliding plate and is used for driving the feed sliding plate to slide along the first horizontal guide rail.

6. The novel vertical gear honing machine of claim 5, wherein the drive assembly comprises:

a second motor;

the reciprocating screw rod is in transmission connection with the second motor;

and the connecting block is fixedly connected between the feed sliding plate and the screw nut.

7. The novel vertical type gear honing machine according to claim 5, wherein the feeding device further comprises a buffer spring for applying a floating force to the honing wheel frame;

the upper surface of the feed sliding plate is provided with a second horizontal guide rail, and the honing wheel frame is arranged on the second horizontal guide rail;

the buffer spring is arranged on the feed sliding plate through a spring support, and the buffer spring is positioned at the rear end of the honing wheel frame and horizontally abuts against the honing wheel frame.

8. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 7, wherein the gear honing frame comprises a box body vertically installed on the second horizontal guide rail and a tool rest installed at an upper end of the box body for installing a gear honing tool, and one end of the box body, which is far away from the tool rest, abuts against the buffer spring.

9. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to claim 8, wherein the tool rest is connected to the box body through a worm gear pair, and the worm gear pair is used for adjusting the angle of the tool rest;

the tool rest is rotatably arranged on the box body through a horizontal cross shaft, a worm wheel is sleeved on the cross shaft, a worm meshed with the worm wheel is arranged on the box body, and the worm is located below the worm wheel.

10. The novel vertical gear honing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a nozzle installed on the machine tool body and located at one side of the vertical shaft device, wherein the nozzle is used for spraying cooling liquid to the gear workpiece.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear honing machine, in particular to a novel vertical gear honing machine.

Background

The gear is one of basic transmission parts used in machinery, and can transmit power and change the rotating speed and the transmission direction. The high-precision hard tooth surface gear is an indispensable mechanical transmission part in the fields of automobiles, wind power generation, ships, machine tools, aerospace, high-speed rails and the like.

The powerful gear honing technology can meet the requirements of high-end equipment on transmission performances such as gear precision, bearing capacity, movement rate, stability, working life, noise and the like. Currently, gear honing machines are generally used for machining high-precision hard-tooth-surface gears.

The simple structure of the gear honing machine in the prior art is shown in fig. 1, wherein the axes of the gear honing tool 500 and the gear 300 to be processed are both horizontally arranged, and the gear honing tool 500 is arranged above the gear 300. The gear machining mode is as follows: firstly, manually loading a gear 300 to be machined into a special clamping tool (not shown in figure 1); secondly, a left center hole of the clamping tool is arranged in a left center of the gear honing machine by a manual left hand, a right center of the gear honing machine is started by a right hand to be pushed into a right center hole of the clamping tool, and the gear is fixed on the workpiece shaft by pushing tightly the two sides; and thirdly, the workpiece shaft rotates to drive the gear 300 to rotate, and the gear honing tool 500 feeds from the upper part to perform gear honing processing on the gear 300.

Although the existing gear honing machine can meet the requirements of transmission performances such as gear precision, bearing capacity, stability and working life, the existing gear honing machine still has the following defects:

a) the gear to be machined and the gear honing cutter are arranged in a horizontal axis, the gear honing cutter feeds from the upper part of the gear, the gear is easy to collide with the gear honing cutter 500 in the feeding and discharging processes, and potential safety hazards exist;

b) the gear to be machined is manually clamped on the workpiece shaft in a double-sided jacking mode, so that the automation degree is low, the clamping mode is complex, and the clamping efficiency is low.

Therefore, how to provide a novel vertical gear honing machine to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel vertical gear honing machine, wherein a vertical shaft device is vertically arranged, and a gear honing cutter is fed in the horizontal direction, so that the gear feeding and discharging process is simplified, the automatic gear feeding and discharging is realized, and the gear processing efficiency is greatly improved.

In order to implement the above object, the present invention provides a novel vertical gear honing machine, including:

a machine tool body;

the vertical shaft device is perpendicular to the vertical shaft device arranged on the machine tool body and used for tensioning and driving the gear to be machined to rotate, and the gear to be machined has a vertical axis;

the honing wheel frame is perpendicular to the machine tool body and positioned on one side of the vertical shaft device, a honing tooth cutter is rotatably arranged on the honing wheel frame, the honing tooth cutter also has a vertical axis, the honing wheel frame is arranged on the machine tool body through a feeding device, and the feeding device is used for driving the honing wheel frame to be close to or far away from the vertical shaft device.

Preferably, the vertical shaft means comprises:

the vertical shaft is rotatably arranged on the machine tool body through a bearing;

the positioning assembly is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shaft and used for clamping a gear to be machined, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning mandrel fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft and a positioning disc which penetrates through the positioning mandrel and is sleeved on the positioning mandrel and fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel, the shape of the positioning disc is matched with that of the gear, a plurality of vertical positioning columns are circumferentially arranged on the upper surface of the positioning disc, and a tensioning sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the positioning mandrel and used for connecting the gear to be machined to the positioning mandrel in a tensioning manner;

and the first motor is used for driving the vertical shaft to rotate.

Preferably, the positioning assembly further comprises a pull rod and a pull nail for tensioning the tensioning sleeve;

the vertical shaft is a hollow shaft, and the pull rod is sleeved in an inner hole of the vertical shaft; the rivet vertically penetrates through the positioning mandrel and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pull rod, the lower end of the pull rod is connected with a cylinder, and the cylinder is used for driving the pull rod to downwards tension the tensioning sleeve so as to deform the tensioning sleeve to tension the gear to be machined.

Preferably, the cylinder is connected with the pull rod through a pull head, the lower end of the pull rod is rotatably supported through a bearing, and the pull head is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the bearing of the pull rod through a rotating joint.

Preferably, the feeding device includes:

the bottom plate is fixed on the machine tool body, and a first horizontal guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate;

the honing wheel frame is arranged on the feed sliding plate;

and the driving assembly is arranged on the bottom plate and positioned on one side of the feed sliding plate and is used for driving the feed sliding plate to slide along the first horizontal guide rail.

Preferably, the driving assembly includes:

a second motor;

the reciprocating screw rod is in transmission connection with the second motor;

and the connecting block is fixedly connected between the feed sliding plate and the screw nut.

Preferably, the feeding device further comprises a buffer spring for applying a floating force to the honing wheel frame;

the upper surface of the feed sliding plate is provided with a second horizontal guide rail, and the honing wheel frame is arranged on the second horizontal guide rail;

the buffer spring is arranged on the feed sliding plate through a spring support, and the buffer spring is positioned at the rear end of the honing wheel frame and horizontally abuts against the honing wheel frame.

Preferably, the honing wheel frame comprises a box body vertically installed on the second horizontal guide rail and a tool rest installed at the upper end of the box body and used for installing the honing tool, and one end of the box body, which is far away from the tool rest, abuts against the buffer spring.

Preferably, the tool rest is connected with the box body through a turbine worm pair, and the turbine worm pair is used for adjusting the angle of the tool rest;

the tool rest is rotatably arranged on the box body through a horizontal cross shaft, a worm wheel is sleeved on the cross shaft, a worm meshed with the worm wheel is arranged on the box body, and the worm is located below the worm wheel.

Preferably, the gear honing machine further comprises a nozzle which is arranged on the machine tool body and located on one side of the vertical shaft device, and the nozzle is used for spraying cooling liquid to the gear workpiece.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the vertical shaft device of the vertical gear honing machine provided by the invention is vertically arranged, the gear honing tool is fed in the horizontal direction, the space above the vertical shaft device is vacated, a manipulator can conveniently feed materials from the upper part of the vertical shaft device, the automation degree is high, and the gear processing efficiency is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the collision between the gear honing cutter and the gear feeding and discharging process is avoided, and potential safety hazards are eliminated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of a simple structure of a gear honing machine in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a vertical gear honing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a vertical shaft assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a connection between a honing wheel stand and a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a front view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection structure between the worm gear and the tool rest according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the vertical gear honing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention with a nozzle attached;

reference numerals

100-machine tool body;

200-a vertical shaft device;

201-vertical shaft; 202 a-positioning mandrel; 202 b-puck; 202b 1-locating posts; 202 c-a tensioning sleeve; 202 d-pull rod; 202 e-blind rivet; 202 f-cylinder; 202 g-a slider; 202 h-joint; 203-a first motor; 204-a belt transport mechanism;

300-gear;

400-honing wheel frame;

500-honing a serrated knife;

600-a feeding device;

601-a backplane; 602-a feed slide plate; 603 a-a second motor; 603 b-a screw rod; 603 c-connecting block; 604-a first horizontal guide rail; 605-a buffer spring; 606-a spring holder; 607-a second horizontal guide rail;

700-horizontal axis;

801-a turbine; 802-a worm;

900-nozzle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the following further detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not an exhaustive list of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a vertical gear honing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A novel vertical gear honing machine comprises: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body 100, a vertical shaft device 200, a honing wheel frame 400 and a feeding device 600. Wherein, the vertical shaft device is vertically arranged on the machine tool body and is used for tensioning and driving the gear (workpiece) 300 to rotate. The gear 300 has a vertical axis that can be loaded into the vertical shaft assembly by a robot from above the vertical shaft assembly to achieve automatic loading. And when the gear is machined, the gear is taken down from the vertical shaft device through the mechanical arm, so that automatic blanking is realized. The honing wheel frame 400 is also vertically arranged on the machine tool body, and the honing gear cutter 500 is rotatably arranged on the honing wheel frame and is also provided with a vertical axis. The honing wheel stand 400 is mounted on the machine tool body through a feeding device 600, and the feeding device 600 is used for driving the honing wheel stand 400 to approach or depart from the vertical shaft device to complete the feed motion and the retracting motion so as to perform gear honing on the gear 300.

According to the embodiment, the vertical shaft device 200 of the vertical gear honing machine provided by the invention is vertically arranged, the gear honing tool 500 is fed in the horizontal direction, the space above the vertical shaft device is reserved, a manipulator can conveniently feed and discharge materials from the upper part of the vertical shaft device, the automation degree is high, and the gear processing efficiency is greatly improved. While avoiding the above. In the blanking process, the gear honing tool collides with the gear honing tool, so that potential safety hazards are eliminated.

Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a vertical shaft device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3.

The vertical shaft device 200 includes: the vertical shaft 201, a positioning assembly which is arranged at the upper end of the vertical shaft and used for tensioning a gear to be machined, and a first motor 203 used for driving the vertical shaft to rotate. The vertical shaft is rotatably arranged on the machine tool body 100 through a bearing and can rotate under the action of a motor 203, and the motor is in transmission connection with the vertical shaft through a belt transmission mechanism 204.

The positioning component is mounted at the upper end of the vertical shaft 201 and used for fixing and clamping the gear 300 to be processed, and specifically comprises a positioning mandrel 202a fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft 201 and a positioning disc 202b which penetrates through and is sleeved on the positioning mandrel 202a and fixedly connected with the positioning mandrel, the shape of the positioning disc 202b is matched with that of the gear, a plurality of vertical positioning columns 202b1 are circumferentially arranged on the upper surface of the positioning disc 202b, and a tensioning sleeve 202c is sleeved on the upper end of the positioning mandrel 202 a. When the gear 300 is assembled, the inner hole of the gear is inserted into the positioning core shaft 202a, and the lower end surface of the gear is limited and abutted against the top surface of the positioning column 202b1 of the positioning disc.

According to the technical scheme, the first motor 203 drives the vertical shaft 201 to rotate, and the vertical shaft 201 rotates to drive the gear 300 to be machined to rotate. Through the structure, the gear 300 to be machined is reliably fixed on the vertical shaft 201 in a single-side positioning and inner hole tensioning mode, and compared with a manual clamping mode of double-side jacking in the prior art, the gear machining device is simple in assembly process, greatly saves time for workpiece and loading and unloading, and improves machining efficiency.

Specifically, the present invention tensions tensioning sleeve 202c via pull stud 202e and pull rod 202 d. The vertical shaft 201 is a hollow shaft, a pull rod 202d is sleeved in an inner hole of the vertical shaft 201, a pull nail 202e vertically penetrates through the positioning mandrel 202a and then is fixedly connected with the upper end of the pull rod 202d, and the lower end of the pull rod 202d is in transmission connection with a cylinder 202 f. During feeding, the inner hole of the gear 300 is inserted into the positioning mandrel 202a, the lower end face of the gear abuts against the positioning column 202b1 on the positioning disc 202b, the cylinder 202f is started, the pull nail 202e downwards tensions the tensioning sleeve 202c, and the tensioning sleeve stretches to tension and connect the gear to the positioning mandrel 202. During blanking, the cylinder 202f is closed, the pull rod 202d has no downward tension on the tensioning sleeve, the tensioning sleeve 202c does not deform and has no tensioning force on the gear, and the gear can be smoothly taken down from the positioning plate.

Through the structure, automatic tensioning and loosening between the gear 300 and the positioning plate 202a can be realized through opening and closing the air cylinder, the automation degree is high, and the gear feeding and discharging efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the cylinder 202f is connected to the pull rod 202d through a slider 202g, the lower end of the pull rod 202d is rotatably supported through a bearing, and the slider is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing of the pull rod through a swivel 202 h.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a connection between a honing wheel stand and a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a left side view of FIG. 5; fig. 7 is a front view of fig. 5.

The honing wheel stand 400 is mounted on the feeding device 600, and the feeding device 600 is used for driving the honing wheel stand 400 to approach or depart from the vertical shaft device to complete the feeding action and the retracting action so as to perform gear honing on the gear 300. Specifically, the feeding device 600 includes: a base plate 601, a feed sled 602, and a drive assembly.

The base plate 601 is fixed on the machine tool body 100, the upper surface of the base plate is provided with a first horizontal guide rail 604, the feed sliding plate 602 is arranged on the first horizontal guide rail 604, and the honing wheel frame 400 is arranged on the feed sliding plate 602. Under the driving action of the driving assembly, the tool feeding sliding plate 602 can slide along the first horizontal guide rail 604, so as to drive the honing tooth tool 500 to approach or depart from the vertical shaft device 200, thereby completing the tool feeding and retracting actions.

The drive assembly is located on one side of the feed sled 602 for driving the feed sled 602 to slide along the first horizontal rail. The drive assembly specifically includes: a second motor 603a, a screw rod 603b in transmission connection with the second motor, and a connecting block 603 c. The connecting block 603c is fixedly connected between the feed slide 602 and the lead screw nut, and when the lead screw 603b rotates, the lead screw nut reciprocates along the lead screw 603b, thereby driving the feed slide to reciprocate along the first horizontal guide rail.

Specifically, the upper surface of the feed sled 602 has a second horizontal rail 607 that is oriented in the same direction as the first horizontal rail. The honing tool carriage 400 includes a case body 401 vertically installed at the second horizontal guide 607, and a tool rest 402 installed at the upper end of the case body 401 for installing the honing tool 500.

More preferably, the feeding device 600 further includes a buffer spring 605 for applying a floating force to the honing stone 400. The buffer spring 605 is installed at the rear end of the cutter slide plate 602 through a spring installation bracket 606, wherein the rear end refers to an end away from the honing cutter. The buffer spring 605 is located between the spring support 606 and the case 401 of the honing wheel stand, and provides floating force and pre-tightening force when the honing cutter contacts with the gear workpiece.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure between a worm gear and a tool rest according to an embodiment of the present invention.

More preferably, the tool holder 402 is coupled to the housing 401 via a worm and worm gear pair. Specifically, the tool holder 402 is rotatably mounted on the case 401 through a transverse shaft 700, a worm wheel 801 is sleeved on the transverse shaft 700, a worm 802 meshed with the worm wheel 801 is further arranged on the case 401, and the worm 802 is located below the worm wheel 801. The worm 802 is rotated to drive the cross shaft 700 to rotate so as to adjust the vertical angle of the tool post 402, thereby adjusting the vertical angle of the honing tooth tool. In actual processing, the vertical angle of the gear honing cutter can be adjusted according to specific parameters of the gear to be processed.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural view illustrating a nozzle of the vertical gear honing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

More preferably, the vertical gear honing machine provided by the invention further comprises a nozzle 900 which is arranged on the machine tool body 100 and is positioned on one side of the vertical shaft device 200, and the nozzle is used for spraying cooling liquid on the workpiece of the gear 300. After passing through the bag filter, the cooling liquid is sprayed to the workpiece through the nozzle in the machining process, so that the cooling and cleaning functions are achieved.

The invention provides a novel vertical gear honing machine gear pair processing flow which comprises the following steps:

taking down the machined workpiece → putting in the workpiece to be machined → tensioning the air cylinder to act and tension the workpiece → quickly feeding the tool rest to the position close to the workpiece → slowly rotating the workpiece → feeding to the meshing position → judging whether the meshing is successful (retreating and re-feeding are not successful) → feeding in place if the meshing is successful → opening the nozzle to spray cooling liquid → rotating the honing teeth at the honing working rotating speed of the workpiece for X1 seconds → stopping the rotation of the workpiece → retracting → closing the nozzle → rotating the workpiece for X2 seconds to get rid of oil → stopping the rotation of the workpiece → changing the material.

According to the technical scheme, the vertical gear honing machine provided by the invention can automatically realize gear honing, cleaning and general oil procedures, save oil consumption in the cleaning procedure and reduce oil consumption in gear honing.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.