Rapid extrusion rolling reducing forming device and method for titanium alloy tube blank
阅读说明：本技术 钛合金管坯快速挤轧缩径成型装置与方法 (Rapid extrusion rolling reducing forming device and method for titanium alloy tube blank ) 是由 常辉 于辉 孙中刚 陈小龙 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供钛合金管坯快速挤轧缩径成型装置与方法,包括沿着水平方向依次设置的液压缸、套筒组件、固定机架、回转转盘和芯棒,轧辊辊形曲线和芯棒结构经过合理设计和布置,斜轧辊的截面直径从中间向两侧递减,具有一定的送进角、较大的入口锥角和较小的出口锥角,固定于回转转盘上的三个斜轧辊配合芯棒从而实现管坯的挤轧缩径过程。本发明综合了斜轧穿孔、行星轧制和挤压的结构和运动特征,可大幅度缩减生产制备周期,实现金属管坯的大塑性变形,构建晶粒破碎、动态再结晶晶粒细化所需复杂应力状态,进而提高管材的综合性能。(The invention provides a device and a method for rapidly extruding, rolling and reducing a diameter of a titanium alloy pipe blank, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a sleeve assembly, a fixed frame, a rotary turntable and a mandrel which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction, wherein a roller shape curve and a mandrel structure are reasonably designed and arranged, the section diameters of inclined rollers are gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, the inclined rollers have a certain feeding angle, a larger inlet cone angle and a smaller outlet cone angle, and the three inclined rollers fixed on the rotary turntable are matched with the mandrel so as to realize the extruding, rolling and reducing process of the pipe blank. The invention integrates the structure and motion characteristics of cross piercing, planetary rolling and extrusion, can greatly shorten the production preparation period, realize large plastic deformation of the metal pipe blank, construct the complex stress state required by grain crushing and dynamic recrystallization grain refinement, and further improve the comprehensive performance of the pipe.)
1. A titanium alloy pipe blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device is characterized by comprising a hydraulic assembly, a sleeve assembly, a fixed frame, a rotary turntable and a core rod which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction;
the sleeve assembly, the rotary turntable and the core rod are coaxially arranged;
the inner cavity of the sleeve assembly in the longitudinal direction forms a first passage through which the titanium alloy tube blank passes;
a plurality of oblique rollers are arranged between the two rotary turntables at equal angles, form an oblique roller group and are horizontally and rotatably supported between the rotary turntables; the central position surrounded by the plurality of inclined rollers forms a second channel allowing the titanium alloy tube blank to pass through, and the mandrel is positioned in the second channel;
the plurality of oblique rollers are driven by the rotary turntable to rotate around the titanium alloy pipe blank, and the oblique rollers passively rotate around the axes of the oblique rollers under the action of friction force between the oblique rollers and the titanium alloy pipe blank;
the section diameter of the inclined roller is in a decreasing trend from the middle to two sides, and in the track direction of the titanium alloy tube blank moving towards the core rod, the inlet taper angle of the titanium alloy tube blank is larger than the outlet taper angle;
the continuous path formed by the first channel and the second channel forms a titanium alloy tube blank extrusion path, and the hydraulic assembly is arranged for ejecting the titanium alloy tube blank from the first channel into the second channel;
the mandrel is provided with an inclined front end and a mandrel body, the inclined front end is arranged to extrude and expand the inner hole of the titanium alloy tube blank entering the second channel from the first channel, the inner circle surface of the titanium alloy tube blank is restrained by the mandrel, and the mandrel is matched with an annular hole pattern formed by inclined rollers to realize extrusion and diameter reduction of the titanium alloy tube blank.
2. The titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mandrel at least partially passes through the throat diameter of the inclined roller, so that the titanium alloy tube blank transferred from the sleeve assembly is firstly separated from the mandrel and then separated from the inclined roller after extrusion reducing.
3. A titanium alloy tube billet rapid extrusion reducing and forming device according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic assembly is arranged at the inlet position of the first channel and is configured to eject the titanium alloy tube billet from the first channel into the second channel through the ejector rod.
4. The titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion reducing molding device according to claim 1, further comprising a motor, wherein the motor is used for driving the rotary turntable to rotate.
5. A titanium alloy pipe billet fast extrusion and diameter reduction forming device according to claim 4, wherein the motor drives a sleeve assembly to rotate through an output end of the motor, the sleeve assembly is fixedly connected with the rotary turntables, and two ends of the inclined roller are supported on the two rotary turntables through roller shafts.
6. A titanium alloy pipe blank rapid extrusion and diameter reduction forming device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the output end of the motor is provided with a speed reducer, and the gear output end of the speed reducer is meshed with the helical gear at the input end of the sleeve assembly to drive the sleeve assembly to rotate.
7. A titanium alloy tube billet rapid extrusion reducing forming device according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel is formed integrally.
8. The titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion reducing forming method of the titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
pushing the titanium alloy tube blank from the first channel into the second channel through the hydraulic assembly;
in the second channel, the mandrel is matched with the oblique roller group to form a variable-section annular hole shape, and the rotary oblique roller group is matched with the mandrel to realize extrusion rolling and diameter reduction;
and pushing the titanium alloy tube blank into a subsequent tube blank processing stage through a hydraulic assembly, and separating the tube blank from the mandrel and then the skew roller set after the tube blank enters a variable-section annular hole shape.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy high-efficiency short-flow forming processes, in particular to a device and a method for quickly extruding, rolling and reducing a titanium alloy pipe blank.
Background
Titanium alloy is replacing traditional steel materials by virtue of characteristics such as high specific strength, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, creep resistance, processability and the like, and is receiving wide attention and research and application, for example, the proportion of titanium alloy in aircraft structural members is often taken as an important basis for measuring the aircraft production and manufacturing level of a country in the aircraft manufacturing industry.
For the preparation process of the titanium alloy seamless pipe, the traditional manufacturing process mainly comprises two processes, namely drilling extrusion and cross rolling perforation. The drilling and extruding process needs to drill holes in a forged titanium alloy casting blank, then extrude the titanium alloy casting blank on an extruder with a larger tonnage, and roll the titanium alloy casting blank together with the pipe to prepare pipes with different specifications. The cross rolling perforation process needs to perforate a forged titanium alloy casting blank, and then the titanium alloy casting blank is rolled by a pipe to prepare a corresponding pipe.
Although the titanium alloy pipe preparation process is basically mature, the titanium alloy pipe is high in production difficulty, complex in equipment, tedious and long in process, low in yield and high in material loss and intangible loss in each stage, the time and economic cost utilization rate in the titanium alloy pipe production and manufacturing process is low due to the factors, and the application of the titanium alloy pipe in the relevant fields of national defense and military industry, oceans and aviation is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a titanium alloy pipe blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device and a rapid extrusion reducing forming method for improving the microstructure and macroscopic mechanical property of a pipe by extrusion rolling large plastic deformation.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the rapid extrusion, rolling and reducing forming device for the titanium alloy tube blank comprises a hydraulic assembly, a sleeve assembly, a fixed frame, a rotary turntable and a core rod which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction;
the sleeve assembly, the rotary turntable and the core rod are coaxially arranged;
the inner cavity of the sleeve assembly in the longitudinal direction forms a first passage through which the titanium alloy tube blank passes;
a plurality of oblique rollers are arranged between the two rotary turntables at equal angles, form an oblique roller group and are horizontally and rotatably supported between the rotary turntables; the central position surrounded by the plurality of inclined rollers forms a second channel allowing the titanium alloy tube blank to pass through, and the mandrel is positioned in the second channel;
the plurality of oblique rollers are driven by the rotary turntable to rotate around the titanium alloy pipe blank, and the oblique rollers passively rotate around the axes of the oblique rollers under the action of friction force between the oblique rollers and the titanium alloy pipe blank;
the section diameter of the inclined roller is in a decreasing trend from the middle to two sides, and in the track direction of the titanium alloy tube blank moving towards the core rod, the inlet taper angle of the titanium alloy tube blank is larger than the outlet taper angle;
the continuous path formed by the first channel and the second channel forms a titanium alloy tube blank extrusion path, and the hydraulic assembly is arranged for ejecting the titanium alloy tube blank from the first channel into the second channel;
the mandrel is provided with an inclined front end and a mandrel body, the inclined front end is arranged to extrude and expand the inner hole of the titanium alloy tube blank entering the second channel from the first channel, the inner circle surface of the titanium alloy tube blank is restrained by the mandrel, the resistance of a hydraulic cylinder is reduced, and the extrusion and diameter reduction of the titanium alloy tube blank are realized by matching with an annular hole pattern formed by inclined rollers.
Preferably, the mandrel at least partially passes over the throat diameter (i.e. the maximum cross-sectional diameter) of the skew roll, so that the titanium alloy tube blank transferred from the sleeve assembly is released from the mandrel and then the skew roll after being subjected to reduction by extrusion.
Preferably, the hydraulic assembly is arranged at the inlet position of the first passage and is used for ejecting the titanium alloy pipe blank from the first passage into the second passage through the ejector rod.
Preferably, the rotary table further comprises a motor, and the motor is used for driving the rotary table to rotate.
Preferably, the motor drives a sleeve assembly to rotate through an output end of the motor, the sleeve assembly is fixedly connected with the rotary turntables, and two ends of the inclined roller are supported on the two rotary turntables through roller shafts.
Preferably, the output end of the motor is provided with a speed reducer, and the gear output end of the speed reducer is meshed with the helical gear at the input end of the sleeve assembly to drive the sleeve assembly to rotate.
Preferably, the core rod is integrally formed by alloy materials.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion, diameter reduction and forming method, which comprises the following steps:
pushing the titanium alloy tube blank from the first channel into the second channel through the hydraulic assembly;
in the second channel, the mandrel is matched with the oblique roller group to form a variable-section annular hole shape, and the rotary oblique roller group is matched with the mandrel to realize extrusion rolling and diameter reduction;
and pushing the titanium alloy tube blank into a subsequent tube blank processing stage through a hydraulic assembly, and separating the tube blank from the mandrel and then the skew roller set after the tube blank enters a variable-section annular hole shape.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
(1) the structure and the motion characteristics of oblique piercing, planetary rolling and extrusion are combined, a complex compressive stress state required by grain crushing and recrystallization refinement is constructed through large plastic deformation of extrusion rolling, the gradual accumulation of deformation energy storage of the titanium alloy tube blank is realized, more nucleation sites are provided for dynamic recrystallization, the grain refinement is promoted, the comprehensive performance of the product is improved, and the good coordination of 'forming' and 'forming performance' is realized;
(2) through the combination and the optimized design of the motor drive and the sleeve drive mechanism, the short flow and the small space occupation are realized, the length of a processing production line is shortened, and the industrial automation and the batch production are facilitated;
(3) the design of the inlet cone angle and the outlet cone angle of the skew roller group can more effectively realize the extrusion and the bore expansion of the titanium alloy tube blank, the core rod can exert constraint on the inner circle surface of the tube blank, the resistance of a hydraulic cylinder is reduced, and the annular hole pattern formed by the skew rollers is matched to realize the extrusion, rolling and the diameter reduction of the titanium alloy tube blank;
(4) the proportion of redundant processing is greatly reduced, and the preparation processing cost and period of the titanium alloy pipe are reduced;
(5) the production and manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced, the material loss and the loss are greatly reduced, the titanium alloy pipe preparation with high efficiency and short flow is realized on the premise of good coordination of quality guarantee/quantity guarantee and forming/forming performance, and the economic benefit is improved.
It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent. In addition, all combinations of claimed subject matter are considered a part of the presently disclosed subject matter.
The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
Drawings
The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a titanium alloy tube blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the process of rapid extrusion, reducing and forming of the titanium alloy tube blank according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-varying curve of the cross-sectional strain of the continuous casting billet in an embodiment of the titanium alloy pipe billet rapid extrusion reducing forming device and method.
In the figure: 1. a hydraulic assembly; 2. a motor; 3. a speed reducer; 4. a rotary turntable; 5. a core rod; 6. a bevel gear assembly; a sleeve assembly; 8. oblique rolling; 9. and (5) tube blanks.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this disclosure, aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a number of illustrative embodiments are shown. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not necessarily intended to include all aspects of the invention. It should be appreciated that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in greater detail below, may be implemented in any of numerous ways, as the disclosed concepts and embodiments are not limited to any one implementation. In addition, some aspects of the present disclosure may be used alone, or in any suitable combination with other aspects of the present disclosure.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for rapidly extruding, rolling and reducing a diameter of a titanium alloy tube blank according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is designed to achieve efficient short-flow short-forming of a titanium alloy tube, so as to greatly reduce the manufacturing and processing cost and the processing cycle of the titanium alloy tube, and simultaneously, greatly improve the microstructure and the macroscopic mechanical property of the tube by changing the path and deformation, and achieve coordination of quality preservation/retention, forming/forming and low-cost short-flow manufacturing.
The titanium alloy pipe blank rapid extrusion reducing forming device shown in fig. 1 comprises a hydraulic assembly 1, a sleeve assembly 7, a fixed frame, a
Referring to fig. 2, the longitudinal interior of the sleeve assembly 7 defines a first passage through which the titanium alloy tube blank 9 passes.
A plurality of skew rolls 8 are arranged at equal angles between the two
The central positions of the three inclined rollers 8 form a second passage for allowing the titanium alloy tube blank to pass through.
As shown in fig. 1, the inlet position of the first passage is also provided with a hydraulic assembly, such as a hydraulic cylinder assembly, which pushes the titanium alloy tube blank from the first passage to the second passage by means of a push rod.
The central axis of the
Alternatively, the cross-sectional diameter of the mandrel 5 gradually increases from the nose of the front end toward the ejector pin, and the mandrel 5 is preferably made of an alloy material with high hardness.
As shown in fig. 1, the skew rollers 8 are provided at both ends thereof with
In an alternative implementation, the sleeve assembly 7 is driven to rotate by the output end of the motor, the sleeve assembly is fixedly connected with the
In an alternative embodiment, the rotating carousel 4 (for example comprising three inclined rollers 8 arranged 120 ° crosswise) is driven by a
Wherein the
The skew roll group in the example shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises 3 skew rolls 8, and the same structural design is adopted, and the diameter of the cross section of the skew rolls 8 gradually decreases from the middle to two sides.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the continuous path formed by the first channel and the second channel forms the extrusion path of the titanium alloy tube blank.
The mandrel 5 is arranged to perform tube penetration and diameter expansion on the titanium alloy tube blank entering the second channel from the first channel, and is matched with the skew roller group 8 to perform extrusion rolling and diameter reduction on the titanium alloy tube blank 9 to complete extrusion rolling and diameter reduction and wall reduction.
Preferably, the mandrel 5 at least partially passes over the maximum diameter position of the skew rolls 8 so that the titanium alloy blank 9 delivered from the sleeve assembly 7, after reduction by extrusion, is released from the mandrel 5 and then from the skew roll set 8.
In this way, the titanium alloy pipe blank 9 is placed in the sleeve assembly from the inlet side of the sleeve assembly 7, the titanium alloy pipe blank 9 is pushed to move towards the right end under the hydraulic drive 1, and the cross-section-variable annular hole shape is formed by the skew rolling roller 8 and the mandrel 5 in a matched mode. The large-deformation extrusion-rolling diameter reduction of the continuous casting pipe blank 9 is realized under the combined action of the skew roll group 8 and the mandrel 5. After the continuous casting tube blank 9 is continuously pushed to move towards the right end, the titanium alloy tube blank 9 which is subjected to variable cross-section annular hole-shaped rolling and diameter reduction firstly separates from the mandrel 5 and then separates from the skew roller group 8, so that the sizing of the continuous casting tube blank 9 after the extrusion rolling and diameter reduction is realized.
In further embodiments, the skew roller set can also be designed with more suitable skew rollers.
[ EXAMPLES one ]
The size (diameter multiplied by wall thickness) of the titanium alloy continuous casting tube blank is phi 88 multiplied by 40mm, and the size of a final product is required to be phi 86 multiplied by 56 mm.
In order to enable the comprehensive performance of a finish rolling product to meet the requirement of a research target, a titanium alloy continuous casting tube blank rapid extrusion, rolling and reducing forming device is designed, the whole process is simulated through finite element software DEFORM, and the feasibility of the technical route provided by the invention is analyzed.
The specific process comprises the following steps:
and (2) placing the heated continuous casting pipe blank 9 in a sleeve assembly 7, driving the continuous casting pipe blank 9 to move rightwards by a left hydraulic assembly 1 to enter a first channel surrounded by the sleeve assembly 7 and a second channel surrounded by an inclined roller group 8 and a core rod 5, carrying out extrusion and diameter reduction on the continuous casting pipe blank 9, and carrying out strong plastic deformation in the extrusion and rolling process to change the size of the continuous casting pipe blank into phi 86 multiplied by 56 mm.
Therefore, in the extruding, rolling and reducing processes, the motor outputs torque through the speed reducer 3 and transmits the torque to the rotary table 4 through the bevel gear connection 6, the rotary table 4 drives the skew roller group 8 to synchronously rotate, and the skew roller group 8 can freely rotate along the roller shaft under the deformation resistance.
The whole process mainly comprises two stages of extrusion upsetting and extrusion rolling reducing. And sequentially taking 4 points P1, P2, P3 and P4 from outside to inside along the radius direction of the cross section of the continuous casting slab, tracking strain values of the four points along with time in the whole process, and obtaining a change rule curve of the strain along with the time, wherein the change rule curve is shown in figure 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, in the process of reducing the diameter by extrusion, the strain values of 4 points on the section of the tube blank basically show a linear increasing trend, and the tube blank has an obvious wall thickness distribution gradient, the strain accumulation is larger and larger from inside to outside, and the size precision of the obtained tube blank after the diameter reduction by extrusion is higher.
Through the analysis, the extrusion rolling reducing forming process can realize the accumulation of large plastic deformation of the titanium alloy tube blank along all directions, and relates to the synergistic effect of the extrusion process and the rolling reducing process.
Therefore, the titanium alloy tube blank with large plastic deformation is prepared by combining the structure and the motion characteristics of cross piercing, planetary rolling and extrusion, the gradual accumulation of deformation energy storage of the tube blank is realized, more nucleation sites are provided for dynamic recrystallization, the refining of crystal grains is promoted, the comprehensive performance of the product is improved, the coordination of forming and forming is realized, the preparation and processing cost and period of the titanium alloy tube are reduced, and the preparation of the titanium alloy tube with short flow and high efficiency is realized.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
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