阅读说明：本技术 一种高温煤气激冷室 (High-temperature coal gas chilling chamber ) 是由 马宏波 岳军 王帅 宋文军 雷玉龙 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高温煤气激冷室,激冷外壳内形成有激冷室,水冷壁下降筒设置在激冷外壳的内部空腔内,水冷壁下降筒的上部设置有用于高温煤气和气化灰渣进入的高温煤气进口,水冷壁下降筒的下部伸入至激冷室的激冷水浴中,激冷室的底部设置有排渣口,激冷壳体的上部侧壁上设置有煤气出口,激冷室壳体的下部侧壁上设置有灰水出口,水冷壁下降筒与激冷外壳之间的环形空隙为激冷室环隙,水冷壁下降筒的水冷壁用脱盐水进行冷却。效果：气化炉激冷水通过管道直接进入激冷室,高温煤气和灰渣在激冷室进行冷却和洗涤,然后含有部分细灰的煤气进入后工序进行处理,粗渣进入排渣系统进行处理,含有细灰的灰水进入后工序进行处理。(The invention discloses a high-temperature coal gas chilling chamber.A chilling chamber is formed in a chilling shell, a water-cooled wall descending cylinder is arranged in an internal cavity of the chilling shell, the upper part of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder is provided with a high-temperature coal gas inlet for high-temperature coal gas and gasified ash slag to enter, the lower part of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder extends into chilling water bath of the chilling chamber, the bottom of the chilling chamber is provided with a slag discharge port, the upper side wall of a chilling shell is provided with a coal gas outlet, the lower side wall of the chilling shell is provided with an ash water outlet, an annular gap between the water-cooled wall descending cylinder and the chilling shell is a chilling chamber annular gap, and the water-cooled wall of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder is cooled by desalted water. The effect is as follows: chilling water of the gasification furnace directly enters a chilling chamber through a pipeline, high-temperature coal gas and ash slag are cooled and washed in the chilling chamber, then the coal gas containing part of fine ash enters a post-process for treatment, coarse slag enters a slag discharging system for treatment, and ash water containing the fine ash enters the post-process for treatment.)

1. A high-temperature coal gas chilling chamber is characterized by comprising a chilling shell (11) and a water-cooled wall descending cylinder (3), wherein a chilling chamber (12) is formed in the chilling shell (11), the water-cooled wall descending cylinder (3) is arranged in an inner cavity of the chilling shell (11), a high-temperature coal gas inlet (1) for high-temperature coal gas and gasified ash slag to enter is formed in the upper portion of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder (3), the lower portion of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder (3) extends into chilling water bath of the chilling chamber (12), a slag discharge port (5) is formed in the bottom of the chilling chamber (12), a coal gas outlet (7) is formed in the side wall of the upper portion of a chilling shell, an ash water outlet (6) is formed in the side wall of the lower portion of the chilling chamber (12), and an annular gap between the water-cooled wall descending cylinder (3) and the chilling shell (11) is an annular gap of the chilling chamber (12), and the water wall of the water wall descending cylinder (3) is cooled by desalted water.

2. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a quench water inlet (8), said quench water inlet (8) being provided on an upper side wall of said quench housing, said quench water inlet (8) being located below said gas outlet (7).

3. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said water-cooled wall downcomer (3) is a vertical tube water-cooled wall or a helical coil water-cooled wall.

4. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the boiler tubes of said water wall downcomer (3) are connected by fins or directly.

5. A high-temperature gas chilling chamber as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a draft tube (4), wherein the draft tube (4) is connected to the bottom of the water-cooled wall descending tube (3).

6. A high-temperature gas chilling chamber according to claim 1, further comprising a baffle plate (2), wherein the baffle plate (2) is arranged between the annular space of the chilling chamber (12) and the combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, the baffle plate (2) is positioned at the upper part of the annular space of the chilling chamber (12), and the baffle plate (2) is positioned above the gas outlet (7).

7. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of said water-cooled wall downcomer (3) is circular or polygonal.

8. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the diameter of the upper part of said water-cooled wall drawdown tube (3) is not equal to the diameter of the lower part of said water-cooled wall drawdown tube (3).

9. A high temperature gas quench chamber as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a desalted water inlet tube (10) and a desalted water outlet tube (9), said desalted water inlet tube (10) and said desalted water outlet tube (9) both being connected to said waterwall downcomer (3).

10. A high-temperature gas chilling chamber as claimed in claim 9, wherein the water-cooled wall descent tube (3) has a structure of an upper conical part and a lower cylindrical part formed by bending two water-cooled wall tubes, or the water-cooled wall descent tube (3) has a structure of an equal-diameter cylindrical part formed by bending two water-cooled wall tubes;

when the water wall descending cylinder (3) is of a structure with a conical upper part and a cylindrical lower part, the desalted water inlet pipe (10) is respectively connected with inlets of the two water wall tubes, and the desalted water outlet pipe (9) is respectively connected with outlets of the two water wall tubes;

when the water wall descending cylinder (3) is of an equal-diameter cylindrical structure, two adjacent water wall pipes are connected by fins, an upper header is arranged at the upper part of each water wall pipe, a lower header is arranged at the lower part of each water wall pipe, the desalted water inlet pipe (10) is connected with the lower header, and the desalted water outlet pipe (9) is connected with the upper header.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gasification of carbonaceous materials, in particular to a high-temperature coal gas chilling chamber which can be used for high-temperature coal gas and gasification ash of carbonaceous materials.

Background

At present, in the cooling and washing process of high-temperature coal gas gasified by carbonaceous substances, quenching water is often adopted to quench and wash the high-temperature coal gas and gasified ash slag, the process is usually carried out in a gasification quenching chamber, and the operation stability of the gasification quenching chamber is directly related to the operation stability of a gasification device.

In a chilling chamber of a gasification furnace, high-temperature coal gas and gasified ash slag enter from the upper part of the chilling chamber and need to enter a water bath at the lower part of the chilling chamber through a descending tube, at present, a descending tube is generally adopted to introduce the high-temperature coal gas into the water bath, and because the temperature of the high-temperature coal gas is very high, generally between 600 ℃ and 1700 ℃, the deformation, bulging and cracking of steel of the descending tube are easily caused, therefore, a chilling ring is generally arranged at the upper part of the descending tube and the high-temperature coal gas inlet, and the chilling ring forms a chilling water film with the thickness of between 3mm and 6mm on the inner wall of the descending tube to ensure that the descending tube cannot cause thermal deformation due to high temperature, and the structure mainly has the following problems during operation:

firstly, the chilling ring is worn, and a large amount of chilling water containing fine ash enters a gasification chilling chamber through the chilling ring, so that the chilling ring is often worn and perforated, and the normal operation of the chilling chamber is influenced;

secondly, the chilling ring is blocked, and because the chilling water contains a large amount of fine ash and ions which are easy to scale, such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and the like, the fine ash and the ions which are easy to scale can scale in an annular cavity and a pipeline in the chilling ring in the operation process, the chilling water hole of the chilling ring is blocked, and the local interruption of the chilling water is caused;

thirdly, the descending pipe is blown and cracked, the descending pipe is mainly protected by a water film formed by a chilling ring, and if the water amount of chilling water is small or the chilling ring is blocked, the water film cannot completely cover the descending pipe, the descending pipe is deformed, blown and even cracked due to overtemperature;

fourthly, the gas temperature is too low, and because the chilling water quantity must ensure that the downcomer is completely covered by a water film with the thickness of 3mm to 6mm, if the load of the gasification furnace is reduced, the gas quantity of high-temperature gas is reduced, and the chilling water quantity cannot be correspondingly changed, the chilling water quantity is not matched with the gas quantity, the chilling water quantity is far larger than the water quantity required by the chilling of the high-temperature gas, so that the gas temperature is reduced too low, the water vapor content is reduced, and water vapor is required to be supplemented in a post-treatment section, so that the energy consumption is increased;

fifthly, the problem of maintenance, the gasification furnace is stopped for maintenance, the chilling ring needs to be flushed, because the chilling ring runs under the condition of grey water for a long time, the hole of the chilling ring can be blocked by scale formed by silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and the like in the fine ash and the grey water, and the chilling ring is similar to a household kettle, needs to be cleaned by a high-pressure water gun, is long in maintenance time and has huge workload;

sixth, the chilling water filter is dirty, and the chilling ring has some small holes, so the filter must be arranged to filter the ash and slag in the grey water which is larger than the holes of the chilling ring, but the chilling water filter increases the workload of the operation and maintenance of the chilling water, and the failure rate is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a high-temperature coal gas chilling chamber, which solves the problems that in the prior art, a coal gasification chilling ring is abraded, blocked and easy to scale, a down pipe is often overtemperature, bulges and cracks, the failure rate of the chilling ring and a chilling water filter is high, the overhaul task is heavy, the temperature of chilling water gas is too low due to too large chilling water amount of coal gas, and the like, and simultaneously, the chilling water filter is cancelled, so that the safe and stable operation of the chilling chamber is realized.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

according to a first aspect of the invention, a high-temperature coal gas chilling chamber comprises a chilling shell and a water-cooled wall descending cylinder, wherein the chilling shell is internally provided with the chilling chamber, the water-cooled wall descending cylinder is arranged in an internal cavity of the chilling shell, the upper part of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder is provided with a high-temperature coal gas inlet for the high-temperature coal gas and gasified ash slag to enter, the lower part of the water-cooled wall descending cylinder extends into a chilling water bath of the chilling chamber, the bottom of the chilling chamber is provided with a slag discharge port, the upper side wall of a chilling shell is provided with a coal gas outlet, the lower side wall of the chilling chamber shell is provided with an ash water outlet, an annular gap between the water-cooled wall descending cylinder and the chilling shell is an annular gap of the chilling chamber, and the water-cooled wall of the water.

Furthermore, the coal gas quenching device also comprises a chilling water inlet, wherein the chilling water inlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the chilling shell, and the chilling water inlet is positioned below the coal gas outlet.

Further, the water-cooled wall descending cylinder is a vertical tube water-cooled wall or a spiral coil water-cooled wall.

Furthermore, boiler tubes of the water wall descending cylinder are connected through fins or directly connected.

Further, the water wall descending device further comprises a guide shell, and the bottom of the water wall descending shell is connected with the guide shell.

And a baffle is arranged between the annular space of the chilling chamber and the combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, the baffle is positioned at the upper part of the annular space of the chilling chamber, and the baffle is positioned above the coal gas outlet.

Further, the cross section of the water wall descending cylinder is circular or polygonal.

Further, the diameter of the upper part of the water wall descending cylinder is not equal to the diameter of the lower part of the water wall descending cylinder.

And the system further comprises a desalted water inlet pipe and a desalted water outlet pipe, and the desalted water inlet pipe and the desalted water outlet pipe are both connected with the water-cooled wall descending cylinder.

Furthermore, the water wall descending cylinder is of a structure with a conical upper part and a cylindrical lower part formed by bending two water wall pipes, or of an equal-diameter cylindrical structure formed by bending the water wall pipes; when the water wall descending cylinder is in a structure with a conical upper part and a cylindrical lower part, the desalted water inlet pipe is respectively connected with the inlets of the two water wall tubes, and the desalted water outlet pipe is respectively connected with the outlets of the two water wall tubes; when the water wall descending cylinder is of an equal-diameter cylinder structure, two adjacent water wall tubes are connected by fins, an upper collecting box is arranged at the upper part of each water wall tube, a lower collecting box is arranged at the lower part of each water wall tube, a desalted water inlet tube is connected with the lower collecting box, and a desalted water outlet tube is connected with the upper collecting box.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. at present, chilling water and high-temperature gas are adopted for chilling of high-temperature gas of various gasification furnaces in a space surrounded by a chilling ring and a down pipe, the chilling ring and the high-temperature gas are in direct contact for chilling and cooling, in order to ensure that the down pipe is not burnt by the high-temperature gas, the chilling ring must be uniformly perforated to ensure that the down pipe has a uniform water film with the thickness of 3mm to 6mm, in order to ensure that a hole of the chilling ring is not blocked, a chilling water filter must be arranged, and the structural design causes that the chilling ring and the down pipe cannot operate without faults.

2. The chilling chamber of the invention has no chilling ring, chilling water directly enters the chilling chamber through a pipeline, because of no chilling ring, a chilling water filter is not needed any more, a series of problems caused by the chilling ring, a down pipe and the chilling water filter in the chilling chamber of the gasification furnace do not exist, high-temperature coal gas enters the chilling chamber for water bath through a water wall descending cylinder, and the high-temperature coal gas can directly exchange heat with desalted water in a water wall boiler pipe to recover the heat of the high-temperature coal gas.

3. The water wall downcomer adopts a mature water wall structure, and the water wall can adopt a vertical pipe structure or a spiral coil pipe structure; the water wall pipes can be directly welded together or connected and welded together through the fins; the desalted water of the water-cooled wall downcomer can adopt natural circulation or forced circulation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high temperature gas quench chamber according to some embodiments of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the high-temperature gas chilling device comprises a high-temperature gas inlet, 2 a partition plate, 3 a water-cooled wall descending cylinder, 4 a guide cylinder, 5 a slag discharge port, 6 an ash water outlet, 7 a gas outlet, 8 a chilling water inlet, 9 a desalted water outlet pipe, 10 a desalted water inlet pipe, 11 a chilling shell, 12 and a chilling chamber.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.