阅读说明：本技术 合成纤维长丝在短纤浆纱机的上浆工艺 (Sizing process of synthetic fiber filament in short fiber sizing machine ) 是由 殷翠红 刘明明 李成刚 杜立新 翟秀清 王顺利 刘立强 张承翔 于 2020-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于纺织技术领域,具体涉及一种合成纤维长丝在短纤浆纱机的上浆工艺。所述合成纤维长丝采用先染色后上浆的生产流程,上浆工艺流程为：上浆→烘燥→保湿处理→抗静电处理,其中,上浆时采用低粘浆液常温上浆,烘燥时采用单组烘燥工艺,然后对上浆后的纱线进行保湿处理和抗静电处理。本发明上浆浆料中PVA含量低,采用常温上浆,保证了纤维的色牢度且更有利于环保,同时通过优化烘燥工艺路线及增加保湿、抗静电处理工艺,完美的解决了长丝纤维在短纤浆纱机上浆过程中易起静电,纱线发散,经轴断线多的缺陷,并且织造效率提升,蒸汽节约30％以上,可实现双浆槽生产,车速稳定,品种生产适应性更强,更符合低耗环保浆纱要求。(The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to a sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a short fiber sizing machine. The synthetic fiber filament adopts a production process of dyeing first and then sizing, and the sizing process flow is as follows: sizing → drying → moisture retention treatment → antistatic treatment, wherein low-viscosity size is adopted for sizing at normal temperature during sizing, single-unit drying process is adopted for drying, and then moisture retention treatment and antistatic treatment are carried out on sized yarns. The sizing agent disclosed by the invention is low in PVA content, adopts normal-temperature sizing, ensures the color fastness of fibers, is more favorable for environmental protection, perfectly overcomes the defects that the filament fibers are easy to generate static electricity, yarns are dispersed and the number of broken yarns of a warp beam is large in the sizing process of a short-fiber sizing machine by optimizing a drying process route and increasing a moisture-preserving and antistatic treatment process, improves the weaving efficiency, saves steam by more than 30%, can realize double-size-tank production, is stable in vehicle speed, has stronger variety production adaptability, and better meets the requirements of low-consumption and environmental-protection sizing.)

1. A sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a short fiber sizing machine adopts a production flow of dyeing first and then sizing, and is characterized in that: the sizing process flow comprises the following steps: sizing → drying → moisture retention treatment → antistatic treatment, wherein, sizing is carried out by using low-viscosity slurry, and single-unit drying process is adopted during drying.

2. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the viscosity of the low-viscosity slurry is 7.4-7.6 seconds.

3. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slurry in the low-viscosity slurry consists of filament slurry, polyvinyl alcohol and an antistatic agent.

4. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filament sizing agent, the polyvinyl alcohol and the antistatic agent comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 85-95% of filament slurry, 4-10% of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-5% of antistatic agent.

5. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature during sizing is 25-45 ℃.

6. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the single-group drying process comprises an auxiliary pre-drying process, a pre-drying process and a main drying process, wherein the sized filaments are sequentially dried by an auxiliary pre-drying cylinder, a pre-drying cylinder and a main drying cylinder, the temperature of the auxiliary pre-drying cylinder is 55-65 ℃, the temperature of the pre-drying cylinder is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of the main drying cylinder is 40-60 ℃, and the moisture regain is controlled to be 4-5%.

7. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the auxiliary pre-drying cylinders are provided with 1, and the number of the pre-drying cylinders is 2.

8. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moisture-keeping treatment is to make the humectant solution in the storage tank contact and adhere to the filament yarn on the surface of the yarn through a guide roller, so as to achieve the effect of keeping moisture of the yarn.

9. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the guide roller is 1-2 r/min, and the humectant solution in the storage tank is prepared from a humectant and purified water according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.

10. The sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a staple fiber sizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: antistatic treatment for the filament traction after will moisturizing pass the antistatic unit who sets up from top to bottom, the distance of antistatic unit and filament is 15 ~ 20mm, the frequency is 50 ~ 60 Hz.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to a sizing process of synthetic fiber filaments on a short fiber sizing machine.

Background

The warp sizing is a key preparation process for weaving the fabric, the surface hairiness of the unsized warp is protruded, the surface friction resistance is large, the cohesive force between fibers is insufficient, and the fibers have loose structures and many broken ends and cannot be woven in the weaving process. The purpose of sizing is to endow the warp with the capability of resisting the action of external complex mechanical force, improve the weavability of the warp and ensure the smooth weaving process.

The short fiber sizing machine is mainly used for sizing cotton and cotton blended yarn, and its main technological process is characterized by that the yarn is drawn out from several warp beams by means of warp beam frame, and is led into sizing tank by means of yarn-drawing roller, and the yarn is soaked and sized by means of soaking roller, sizing roller and sizing-pressing roller, and then passed through drying device to implement drying of warp yarn, and finally wound on the weaving beam.

The synthetic fiber filament has the advantages of good wear resistance, good elasticity, softness and smoothness, but is easy to generate static electricity in the sizing process of a short fiber sizing machine, the yarn is scattered, the broken yarn of a warp beam is more, the straightening is not easy, and in addition, the fiber surface is smooth and the sizing is not easy.

Patent CN106995963A "nylon filament elastic yarn treatment process suitable for sizing of short fiber sizing machine", which proposes a nylon filament elastic yarn treatment process suitable for sizing of short fiber sizing machine, wherein the content of PVA with low degree of polymerization in the sizing material during sizing is up to 32.8%, the content of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is higher, which is not beneficial to environmental protection, and it adopts the process route of shortening yarn path, opening single size tank for production, without cylinder pre-drying, only producing varieties with few head parts and few color, and the variety adaptability is poor.

Patent CN103835089A 'A size silk process for producing DTY filament varieties by using a short fiber sizing machine', which proposes a size silk process for producing DTY filament varieties by using a short fiber sizing machine, wherein the speed of the short fiber sizing machine is adjusted to be reduced to 20-25 m/min, the reduction of the speed brings certain influence on the yield of the sizing machine, and the sizing machine adopts oiling treatment, in order to ensure that filaments are dried after being oiled, the temperature of a drying cylinder needs to be kept at 150-155 ℃, the color fastness of a dyeing warp beam can be influenced by high temperature, fibers are easy to fade, and the dried yarns are easy to be damaged, and yarn breakage is easy to occur during yarn splitting. In addition, high-temperature drying steam is high in consumption, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the sizing process of the synthetic fiber filament on the short fiber sizing machine is provided, the content of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) of sizing slurry is low, normal-temperature sizing is adopted, the color fastness of the fiber is ensured, the environment is more favorable, meanwhile, the defects that the filament fiber is easy to generate static electricity, the yarn is dispersed and the number of broken warp beams is large in the sizing process of the short fiber sizing machine are perfectly overcome by optimizing a drying process route and increasing a moisture-preserving and antistatic treatment process, the variety production adaptability is stronger, and the requirements of low-consumption and environment-friendly sizing are better met.

The invention relates to a sizing process of synthetic fiber filament yarns on a short fiber sizing machine, wherein the synthetic fiber filament yarns adopt a production flow of dyeing before sizing, sizing equipment adopts a two-size-tank short fiber sizing machine, and the sizing process flow comprises the following steps: sizing → drying → moisture retention treatment → antistatic treatment, wherein, sizing is carried out by low-viscosity size liquid, single-unit drying process is adopted during drying, and then moisture retention treatment and antistatic treatment are carried out on the sized yarn.

The sizing process flow adopts special sizing agent for liquid filament, the main components of the sizing agent are purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, a sizing formula is matched with a proper amount of PVA polyvinyl alcohol and an antistatic agent, and the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85-95% of filament slurry, 4-10% of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-5% of antistatic agent.

The low viscosity, i.e., the low viscosity required for the size, is a measure of the frictional force in the liquid layer during the flow of the liquid, and is closely related to the sizing rate of the slashing and the coating and penetration of the yarn. The cohesion of filament fibers is poor, the fibers are easy to rub and fluff in the weaving process, and in the process of sizing synthetic fiber filaments, the bundling property of the fibers is mainly improved, and the cohesion of the fibers is enhanced, so that low-viscosity slurry is adopted, the slurry is ensured to be fully permeated, the slurry is matched with water, and the viscosity of the slurry is ensured to be controlled within 7.4-7.6 seconds.

The invention relates to a sizing process of a filament fiber dyeing warp beam, wherein the warp beam is dyed firstly and then sized, the color fastness of the dyeing warp beam is poor, and if high-temperature sizing is adopted, fibers are easy to fade, so that the sizing temperature is normal-temperature sizing, namely the temperature of the sizing solution is lower than that of the conventional fiber sizing solution, the heating and boiling treatment is not carried out on the main sizing solution, and the temperature is controlled to be 25-45 ℃.

The single-group pre-drying in the drying process is to change the traveling route of the yarn during drying and reduce the number of drying cylinders in the traveling route. The single-group drying process comprises an auxiliary pre-drying process, a pre-drying process and a main drying process, wherein the sized filaments are sequentially dried by an auxiliary pre-drying cylinder, a pre-drying cylinder and a main drying cylinder, the temperature of the auxiliary pre-drying cylinder is 55-65 ℃, the temperature of the pre-drying cylinder is 80-100 ℃, the temperature of the main drying cylinder is 40-60 ℃, and the moisture regain is controlled to be 4-5%. Preferably, the number of the auxiliary pre-drying cylinders is 1, and the number of the pre-drying cylinders is 2.

The auxiliary pre-drying cylinder is arranged between the beam frame and the size tank, and is mainly used for controlling the moisture content of yarn sheets entering the size tank, and the temperature of the auxiliary pre-drying cylinder can be set according to the moisture content of the yarn sheets of the beam before different sizes, so that the moisture content of the dried yarn sheets is in the range of process requirements. The novel sizing machine is provided with a plurality of drying cylinders, and the drying cylinders which are equipped in the whole sizing machine are fully utilized, so that yarns are dried mildly and uniformly, and the adverse effect of rapid drying on the performances of the yarns and the performances of sizing agents is avoided. As shown in fig. 1, a conventional slasher has a drying cylinder configured as follows: auxiliary prebaking (2 drying cylinders) → prebaking (4 drying cylinders) → main baking (4 drying cylinders). If the synthetic filament fiber is dried too dry in the drying process, the yarn is easy to be damaged, and the yarn is easy to break when being divided, so that the yarn drying process route is optimized, as shown in fig. 2, a group of drying cylinder walking routes are reduced for auxiliary pre-drying and pre-drying respectively: auxiliary prebaking (drying cylinders 1) → prebaking (drying cylinders 2) → main baking (drying cylinders 4).

The moisture-keeping treatment process refers to that moisture-keeping treatment is carried out on the yarn through a moisture-keeping device before dry separation, as shown in figure 3, a moisture-keeping agent solution in the storage tank is in contact with the yarn through a guide roller and is adhered to the surface of the yarn, so that the effect of keeping moisture of the yarn is achieved, and the smoothness and the antistatic property of the yarn are guaranteed.

Preferably, the diameter of the guide roller is 800mm, the rotating speed of the guide roller is 1-2 r/min, the humectant solution is prepared from the humectant and purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the liquid level of the humectant is at the position of the guide roller 2/3.

Antistatic treatment for the filament traction after will moisturizing pass the antistatic unit who sets up from top to bottom, the distance of antistatic unit and filament is 15 ~ 20mm, the frequency is 50 ~ 60 Hz.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention can solve the problems of easy static generation, more broken yarns of the warp beam and difficult sizing of the synthetic fiber filament yarns in the sizing process of the short fiber sizing machine, saves energy, reduces consumption, improves the weaving efficiency and saves more than 30 percent of steam.

2. The sizing slurry disclosed by the invention is low in PVA content and more beneficial to environmental protection, and under the premise of not changing the production flow of spun staple slashing, the sizing slurry is sized at normal temperature, so that the color fastness of fibers is ensured, the double-size tank production can be realized, the vehicle speed is stable, the variety production adaptability is stronger, and the requirements of low-consumption and environmental protection slashing are met better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional normal fiber drying process;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filament fiber drying process of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a moisturizing treatment process device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.