阅读说明：本技术 一种水下人造礁中的单桩结构及其施工方法 (Single pile structure in underwater artificial reef and construction method thereof ) 是由 刘闻达 王鹍 熊翱 范振庆 徐元超 陈举文 尤毅 李壮伟 李弘毅 胡浪 胡斌 于 2019-12-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水下人造礁中的单桩结构及其施工方法,主要包括圆形沉箱和钢管桩,圆形沉箱与钢管桩之间形成用于回填碎石和小块石的环形空间。本发明的施工方法是,先在干坞式预制场制作钢筋混凝土圆形沉箱、钢管桩,将沉箱浮运至安装现场,在浮式空腔中注水使之整体下沉,然后回填一层碎石,再打入钢管桩,最后在圆形沉箱和钢管桩之间填充小块石,从而形成稳定的基础。采用本发明的施工方法,可以避免使用超大型水上浮吊,施工周期短。进一步的,圆形沉箱中的空腔可以作为水下鱼礁,让鱼类的繁殖环境更好,有效发挥发电及海洋牧场的综合效益。(The invention discloses a single pile structure in an underwater artificial reef and a construction method thereof. The construction method comprises the steps of manufacturing a reinforced concrete circular caisson and a steel pipe pile in a dry dock type prefabrication field, transporting the caisson to an installation site in a floating mode, injecting water into a floating cavity to enable the caisson to sink integrally, backfilling a layer of broken stone, driving the broken stone into the steel pipe pile, and finally filling small stones between the circular caisson and the steel pipe pile to form a stable foundation. By adopting the construction method, the use of an ultra-large type floating crane on water can be avoided, and the construction period is short. Furthermore, the cavity in the round caisson can be used as an underwater fish reef, so that the breeding environment of fish is better, and the comprehensive benefits of power generation and marine ranching are effectively brought into play.)

1. The utility model provides a single pile structure in artificial reef under water which characterized in that: the gravel-free pile comprises a circular caisson (20) and a steel pipe pile (2), wherein an annular space for backfilling gravel (9) and small stones (10) is formed between the circular caisson (20) and the steel pipe pile (2).

2. The mono pile structure in an underwater artificial reef of claim 1 wherein: the round caisson (20) is composed of an outer wall (3), a lower inner wall (4-1), a bottom plate (5) and a top plate (6), a cavity is formed inside the round caisson, and an upper buttress structure composed of an inner wall (4-2) and rib plates (8) is arranged on the round caisson (20).

3. The mono pile structure in an underwater artificial reef of claim 2 wherein: a water injection hole (11) is formed in a top plate (6) in the round caisson (20) to form a fish inlet and outlet channel, and the cavity becomes a permanent fish reef.

4. A method of constructing a mono pile structure in an underwater artificial reef of claim 3 comprising the steps of:

s1, prefabricating a reinforced concrete round caisson (20) in a prefabricated field in a specially-made dry dock, and manufacturing a steel pipe pile (2) in a factory;

s2, discharging water into the dry dock, and floating the round caisson (20) and transporting the round caisson to an installation site;

s3, injecting water through the water injection holes (11) to enable the round caisson (20) to sink integrally;

s4, backfilling broken stones (9), and waiting for a period of time to enable the lower seabed soil layer to be compacted and sunk;

s5, driving the steel pipe pile (2) into a seabed soil layer through backfilling gravel (9) and meeting design requirements;

s6, backfilling the small stones (10) layer by layer;

and S7, finishing the main body construction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a single pile structure in an underwater artificial reef and a construction method thereof.

Background

Among the foundation types of ocean engineering, single-pile foundations are widely used due to the fact that procedures are few, construction is fast, and manufacturing cost is low. However, as the depth of water is increased, the free length of a single pile is long, the stress and deformation are difficult to meet the requirements, the diameter and the wall thickness of the single pile need to be increased, and thus the construction difficulty is increased, the manufacturing cost is increased, and even the single pile structure is not feasible; in another situation, in a sea area with shallow buried depth of the rock surface, the pile foundation is unstable due to insufficient penetration depth of the driven pile, rock-socketing construction is needed, and the offshore rock-socketing construction has long construction period and high cost.

According to the types and characteristics of the ocean engineering foundation, the following defects can be found: in order to meet the rigidity of the pile foundation, the diameter of the pile foundation is required to be larger, the thickness of the pile wall is required to be thicker, and the length of the pile is required to be larger along with the increase of the water depth; in shallow sea areas with deep buried rock surfaces, rock-socketed construction is needed to meet the requirements for pile foundation stability, and the two conditions can cause the single-pile scheme to be uneconomical or infeasible. In addition, the original single pile structure can not give consideration to fishery application, so that the investment cost is always high.

The above discussion is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of art that may be related to various aspects of the present invention, which are described and/or claimed below, and is believed to be helpful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a single-pile structure in an underwater artificial reef and a construction method thereof, which avoid the defects in the prior art, and when the underwater artificial reef is adopted, on one hand, the free length of the pile can be reduced by reducing the water depth of a deep water area, so that the single-pile structure is feasible or safer and more reliable; on the other hand, in the shallow sea area with deeper rock surface burial depth, the burial depth of the single pile can be increased, rock embedding is reduced or even not required, and the applicability of the single pile structure is greatly enhanced. In addition, the cavity in the circular caisson can be used as a fish breeding place, the water injection holes can be used as a channel for fish to enter the cavity, an artificial fish reef is formed, the breeding environment of the fish is better, and the comprehensive benefits of power generation and a marine ranch can be brought into play.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical characteristics that: the artificial reef can increase the holding force of the steel pipe pile by using the round caisson and the backfilled broken stones and small stones, can also greatly reduce the water depth of a deep water area, and reduce the free length of the pile; or the burial depth of the single pile can be increased in the shallow sea area with deeper burial depth of the rock surface.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a single pile structure in an underwater artificial reef and a construction method thereof are characterized in that: the device comprises a circular caisson and a steel pipe pile, wherein an annular space for backfilling broken stones and small stones is formed between the circular caisson and the steel pipe pile.

Preferably, the round caisson is composed of an outer wall, a lower inner wall, a bottom plate and a top plate, a cavity is formed inside the round caisson, and an upper buttress structure composed of the inner wall and rib plates is arranged on the round caisson.

Preferably, a water injection hole is formed in the top plate of the round caisson to form a fish inlet and outlet channel, and the cavity becomes a permanent fish reef.

The invention also discloses a construction method of the single pile structure in the underwater artificial reef, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, prefabricating a reinforced concrete circular caisson in a prefabricated field in a specially-made dry dock, and manufacturing a steel pipe pile 2 in a factory;

s2, discharging water into the dry dock, and floating and transporting the round caisson to an installation site;

s3, injecting water through the water injection holes to enable the round caisson to sink integrally;

s4, backfilling broken stones, and waiting for a period of time to enable the lower seabed soil layer to be compacted and sunk;

s5, driving the steel pipe pile into a seabed soil layer through backfilled macadam and meeting design requirements;

s6, backfilling small stones in layers;

and S7, finishing the main body construction.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: stable structure and wide application range. During specific construction, the gripping force of the steel pipe pile is increased by using the round caisson and the backfilled broken stones and small stones, the water depth of a deep water area can be greatly reduced, the free length of the pile is reduced, and a single pile structure is feasible or safer and more reliable; or in the shallow sea area with the buried depth of the rock surface, the buried depth of the single pile can be increased, rock embedding is reduced or even not required, and the applicability of the single pile structure is greatly enhanced.

Furthermore, the cavity in the round caisson can generate buoyancy during construction, so that floating transportation is facilitated. After the construction is completed, the box body can be used as a fish breeding place, the water injection holes can be used as passages for fish to enter the inner cavity of the box body, an artificial fish reef is formed, the breeding environment of the fish is better, and the comprehensive benefits of power generation and a marine ranch can be brought into play.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention after completion of construction.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a mono-pile structure in an underwater artificial reef and a construction method thereof include a circular caisson 20 and a steel pipe pile 2, the circular caisson 20 and the steel pipe pile 2 forming an annular space therebetween, and crushed stones 9 and small stones 10 being backfilled therebetween to form an integral body.

In this embodiment, the round caisson 20 is composed of an outer wall 3, a lower inner wall 4-1, a bottom plate 5 and a top plate 6, a cavity is formed inside the round caisson, and an upper counterfort structure is arranged on the round caisson 20 and is formed by connecting an inner wall 4-2 and a rib plate 8. During transportation, the cavity can generate buoyancy to facilitate floating transportation. A water injection hole 11 is formed in the top plate 6 of the round caisson 20 to form a fish inlet and outlet channel, and the cavity becomes the permanent fish reef 1.

The invention also discloses a construction method of the single pile structure in the underwater artificial reef, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, prefabricating the reinforced concrete round caisson 20 in a field in a special dry dock, and manufacturing the steel pipe pile 2 in a factory.

S2, discharging water into the dry dock, and floating and transporting the round caisson 20 to the installation site.

And S3, injecting water into the cavity through the water injection holes 11 to enable the circular caisson 20 to sink integrally.

S4, backfilling the broken stone 9, and waiting for a period of time to enable the seabed soil layer below the broken stone to be compacted and sunk.

And S5, driving the steel pipe pile 2 into the seabed soil layer through the backfilled macadam 9, and meeting the design requirements.

And S6, backfilling the small stones 10 in layers.

And S7, finishing the main body construction.

The broken stone has compaction effect on the seabed soil layer below the broken stone, so that the round caisson, the backfilled broken stone and small stones can be stably seated on the seabed.

The invention has stable structure and short construction period, and has wide application prospect in ocean engineering, especially offshore wind power engineering.

In the description above, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other similar ways than those described herein, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.