阅读说明：本技术 地下生态补排水及保水节水方法 (Underground ecological water replenishing, draining, preserving and saving method ) 是由 孟现坤 于 2020-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：地下生态补排水及保水节水方法是水利工程技术,它包括两部分：一、地下生态补排水方法；二、地下保水节水方法；本发明的意义：一是地下生态补排水方法是最节水,安全的方法；二是地下保水节水方法使土体内的水分不外移,不渗透,水分保存在植物易于吸收的深度,透气性极低,大幅度减少了水分的蒸腾蒸发,尤其是土体上部设有不透水层的地下保水节水设施,水分只经过植物叶面蒸腾失水；地下保水节水设施用极少的水即可维持干旱地区良好的生态环境,对于改善干旱地区的生态环境,尤其是提供个别地区的生存条件,具有重大意义。(An underground ecological water replenishing and discharging and water retaining and saving method is a hydraulic engineering technology and comprises two parts: firstly, an underground ecological water replenishing and draining method; secondly, an underground water retention and saving method; the significance of the invention is as follows: firstly, the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method is the most water-saving and safe method; secondly, the underground water retention and water saving method ensures that water in the soil body does not move outwards and is not permeable, the water is retained at the depth which is easy to be absorbed by plants, the air permeability is extremely low, the transpiration and evaporation of the water are greatly reduced, and particularly, the underground water retention and water saving facility with a waterproof layer arranged on the upper part of the soil body ensures that the water is only lost through transpiration on the leaf surfaces of the plants; the underground water-retention and water-saving facility can maintain good ecological environment of the arid area with little water, and has great significance for improving the ecological environment of the arid area, especially providing survival conditions of individual areas.)

1. The underground ecological water replenishing and draining and water saving and preserving method includes two parts, including underground ecological water replenishing and draining method and underground water preserving and water saving method, and the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method includes the following facilities: every section of underground ecological water replenishing and draining facility comprises two or more valves (1), two water pools (2) and one or more water seepage pipes (3), and is characterized in that: the two sides of the water pool (2) are respectively in sealing connection with the water seepage pipe (3), the valve (1) is arranged in the water pool (2), the valve (1) is connected with the upstream and downstream of the water seepage pipe (3), the water seepage pipe (3) is respectively in sealing connection with the water pools (2) at the upstream and downstream, the water seepage pipe (3) is connected with the valve (1), and the water seepage pipe (3) is buried in soil;

the underground water-retaining and water-saving method comprises the following facilities: every festival water conservation water retention facility includes impervious barrier (4), infiltration pipe (3), valve (1), characterized by: the impervious layer (4) is arranged on the bottom surface and the vertical surface of the soil body in a closed manner, and the impervious layer (4) is arranged on the surface of the soil body in an undistributed manner or a partially undistributed manner; the impervious layer (4) divides the soil body into one or more grids; the seepage pipe (3) has many, and the seepage pipe (3) is buried underground in the soil body, and some seepage pipe (3) upwarp to the soil body surface, and some seepage pipe (3) pass furthest downstream impervious barrier (4).

2. An underground ecological water replenishing and draining facility according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the multiple sections of underground ecological water replenishing and draining facilities are vertically and horizontally arranged to form an underground ecological water replenishing and draining system.

3. An underground water-retaining and water-saving facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arrangement modes of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facilities include longitudinal and transverse abutting arrangement and longitudinal and transverse interval arrangement; the alternate arrangement enables the precipitation to be optimized and redistributed, so that the precipitation without the underground water-retaining and water-saving place is converged to the place with the underground water-retaining and water-saving place, and the environment which originally can not grow plants is changed into a part of the environment which can grow plants.

4. The application method of the underground ecological water replenishing and draining facility according to the claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: when the underground water level is lower than the optimal ecological water level and the ground surface has a high-quality water source, starting an ecological water supplementing process; the working process is as follows: closing the downstream valve (1), opening the upstream valve (2), filling water into the water tank (2), wherein the water in the water tank (2) can be pressurized water or non-pressurized water, and the water permeates into the ground through the water seepage pipe (3); when the groundwater level is too high and the surface of the ground is salinized or the growth of crops is affected, starting a drainage process; the working process is as follows: the upstream valve (1) is closed, the downstream valve (1) is opened, so that water in the soil body permeates into the water seepage pipe (3), flows into the water pool (2) and is discharged to other positions through the water pool (2).

5. The method for applying the underground water-retention and water-saving facility according to claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that: when the soil body lacks water, the downstream valve (1) is closed, and the upstream valve (1) is opened to enable the water source to permeate into the soil body; when the water amount of the soil body is large, the upstream valve (1) is closed, and the downstream valve (1) is opened, so that the water in the soil body permeates the water seepage pipe (3) and then flows into the inspection well or other places; in normal times, the valve (1) on the upwarping seepage pipe (3) is opened to a proper degree to keep the proper gas content of the soil body.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hydraulic engineering technology, in particular to an underground ecological water replenishing and discharging and water retaining and saving method.

Technical Field

The existing underground ecological water replenishing is the water replenishing of an open channel, surface dirt is melted in water, secondary pollution is caused to a water body, the evaporation capacity is large, the occupied ground surface area is large, and personal and financial safety risks exist.

In northwest China, the precipitation is less, the underground water level is deep, the impervious layer is deep, the soil is loose, the porosity is large, the air permeability is high, the water penetration is fast, the evaporation is fast, and the water is difficult to stay in the water absorption depth range of plants. The ecological water consumption of unit area is very big, does not have sufficient water volume to maintain ecological water, causes the ecological environment poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for supplementing, draining and preserving water and saving water for underground ecology, which comprises two parts: firstly, the facility is buried underground, so that secondary pollution is avoided, water sources are saved, and the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method does not occupy the ground area; secondly, the water-saving method of underground water retention is characterized in that the water is not leaked, little or no evaporation is carried out, and the water is always preserved in the water absorption depth range of the plants; the object of the invention is that this is new:

the facility of the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method is as follows: each section of underground ecological water replenishing and draining facility comprises two or more valves, two water pools and one or more water seepage pipes, wherein the two sides of each water pool are respectively in sealing connection with the water seepage pipes, the valves are arranged in the water pools and are connected with the upstream and downstream of the water seepage pipes, the water seepage pipes are respectively in sealing connection with the upstream and downstream water pools and are connected with the valves, and the water seepage pipes are buried in soil.

The application of the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method comprises the following steps: when the underground water level is lower than the optimal ecological water level and the ground surface has a high-quality water source, the ecological water supplementing process is started. The working process is as follows: closing the downstream valve, opening the upstream valve, filling water in the water tank, wherein the water in the water tank can be pressurized water or non-pressurized water, and the water permeates underground through the water seepage pipe; when the groundwater level is too high and the surface of the ground is salinized or the growth of crops is affected, starting a drainage process; the working process is as follows: closing the upstream valve and opening the downstream valve to make water in soil permeate into the water permeating pipe, flow into the water pond and drain to other parts.

The multi-section underground ecological water replenishing and draining facilities are vertically and horizontally arranged to form an underground ecological water replenishing and draining system.

The underground water-retaining and water-saving method comprises the following facilities: each section of underground water-retaining and water-saving facility comprises a water-impermeable layer, a water seepage pipe and a valve, wherein the water-impermeable layer is arranged on the bottom surface and the vertical surface of a soil body in a closed manner; the arrangement modes of the impervious layer on the upper surface of the soil body are not arranged and partially arranged; the soil body is divided into one or more grids by the impervious layer; the water seepage pipes are embedded in the soil body, part of the water seepage pipes are tilted to the surface of the soil body, part of the water seepage pipes penetrate through the downstream-most impervious layer, and the embedding depth and density of the water seepage pipes are determined according to the planting structure; the valve is connected with the upstream and the downstream of the water seepage pipe.

The application of the underground water-retaining and water-saving method comprises the following steps: when the soil body lacks water, the downstream valve is closed, and the upstream valve is opened to enable the water source to permeate into the soil body; when the water amount of the soil body is large, the upstream valve is closed, and the downstream valve is opened, so that the water in the soil body flows into the inspection well or other places after permeating into the water seepage pipe; at ordinary times, the valve on the upwarping seepage pipe is opened to a proper degree so as to keep the proper gas content of the soil body.

The arrangement modes of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facilities include longitudinal and transverse abutting arrangement and longitudinal and transverse interval arrangement; the alternate arrangement can optimize the redistribution of the precipitation, so that the precipitation without the underground water-retaining and water-saving place is converged to the place with the underground water-retaining and water-saving place, and the environment which originally can not grow plants becomes part of the environment which can grow plants.

The impermeable layer is one or a combination of a plurality of impermeable materials such as impermeable geotextile, plastic film, compact clay, raw soil compaction and compaction, concrete and the like; the depth, width and separation distance of the water-impermeable layer are determined according to the species and terrain planned to be planted.

The water seepage pipe has the functions that water can seep into a soil layer and soil cannot flow into the pipe; the infiltration pipe has two kinds: firstly, the pipe is provided with a water seepage pipe which has the function that water can seep into a soil layer and soil can not flow into the pipe; and secondly, the pipe body is densely distributed with water permeable holes, and is externally coated with a water permeable pipe formed by combining water filtering materials, wherein the pipe can be a steel pipe, a plastic pipe and the like, and the water filtering materials can be water permeable geotextile, a filter screen and the like.

The significance of the invention is as follows: the underground ecological water replenishing and draining method is the most water-saving and safe method, realizes that the underground water level keeps the excellent ecological water level, and a large amount of water resources are stored underground for extraction and utilization in arid years, thereby powerfully promoting the safety of water for ecology, agriculture, industry and city; such as: the underground ecological water replenishing and draining device can be arranged below the bottom of the hardening channel, and once high-quality and surplus surface water appears, water can be replenished to the underground at any time.

The underground water-retaining and water-saving method ensures that water in the soil body does not move outwards and is not penetrated, the water is retained at the depth which is easy to be absorbed by plants, the air permeability is extremely low, the transpiration and evaporation of the water are greatly reduced, and particularly, the underground water-retaining and water-saving facility with a water-impermeable layer arranged on the upper part of the soil body ensures that the water is only lost through transpiration on the leaf surface of the plants. The underground water-retaining water-saving facility ensures that the soil body is not over-wet and is not lack of air. The underground water-retaining and water-saving facility can optimize and redistribute the precipitation, so that the precipitation in the place without underground water-retaining and water-saving is converged to the place with underground water-retaining and water-saving, and the environment which originally can not grow plants is changed into part of the environment which can grow plants.

The underground water-retention and water-saving facility can maintain good ecological environment of the arid area with little water, and has great significance for improving the ecological environment of the arid area, especially providing survival conditions of individual areas.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an underground water replenishing and draining diagram, wherein 1, a valve 2, a water pool 3 and a water seepage pipe are shown in the diagram.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facility with a watertight layer at the upper part, and in the figure, 3, a water seepage pipe 4 and the watertight layer.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facility without the impermeable layer on the upper part and with the impermeable layer in the middle, in which 3, the water seepage pipe 4 and the impermeable layer are shown.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facility without a watertight layer arranged at intervals on the upper part, and in the figure, 3, a water seepage pipe 4 and the watertight layer.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the underground water-retaining and water-saving facility, in which 1, a valve 3, a water seepage pipe 4 and a water impermeable layer are arranged.

Detailed Description