Three-cyclone classification cyclone and combustion chamber thereof
阅读说明:本技术 一种三旋流分级旋流器及其燃烧室 (Three-cyclone classification cyclone and combustion chamber thereof ) 是由 肖建昆 李明玉 于 2020-06-15 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种三旋流分级旋流器及其燃烧室,其中旋流器包括轴向连接件和径向连接件,所述轴向连接件的中心设有轴向通孔,所述径向连接件包括同轴且间隔设置的第一文氏管和第二文氏管,所述第一文氏管和第二文氏管之间的环形空间内固定连接有多组呈环形阵列设置的叶片,多组所述叶片的两端均与第一文氏管和第二文氏管固定连接并将环形空间均匀分割成多个相对独立的子空间。本发明通过旋流器特殊的结构设计及布置方式,不仅可以达到低污染燃烧室减小污染物的排放的目标,而且还简化了燃烧室主燃级供油系统,并降低主燃级燃油喷嘴结焦的可能性。(The invention discloses a three-cyclone grading cyclone and a combustion chamber thereof, wherein the cyclone comprises an axial connecting piece and a radial connecting piece, an axial through hole is formed in the center of the axial connecting piece, the radial connecting piece comprises a first venturi and a second venturi which are coaxial and arranged at intervals, a plurality of groups of blades arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected in an annular space between the first venturi and the second venturi, and two ends of the plurality of groups of blades are fixedly connected with the first venturi and the second venturi and uniformly divide the annular space into a plurality of relatively independent subspaces. According to the invention, through the special structural design and arrangement mode of the swirler, the aim of reducing pollutant emission of the low-pollution combustion chamber can be achieved, the main combustion stage oil supply system of the combustion chamber is simplified, and the possibility of coking of the main combustion stage fuel nozzle is reduced.)
1. A three-cyclone classification cyclone is characterized in that: the axial connecting piece is provided with an axial through hole in the center, the radial connecting piece comprises a first venturi and a second venturi which are coaxial and arranged at intervals, a plurality of groups of blades arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected in an annular space between the first venturi and the second venturi, and two ends of the blades are fixedly connected with the first venturi and the second venturi and uniformly divide the annular space into a plurality of relatively independent subspaces;
the axial connecting piece and the first venturi tube are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, an axial through hole of the axial connecting piece is communicated with a center hole of the first venturi tube, multiple groups of first axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the axial through hole of the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, the first axial oblique cutting holes are communicated with the center hole of the first venturi tube, multiple groups of second axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the end face of the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, multiple groups of third axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the end face of the first venturi tube close to the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, the third axial oblique cutting holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the second axial oblique cutting holes and are communicated with the second axial oblique cutting holes, and the other ends of the multiple groups of the third axial.
2. A three cyclone classification cyclone according to claim 1 characterized in that: the diameter of the axial through hole of the axial connecting piece is smaller than that of the central hole of the first venturi tube, and the diameter of the central hole of the first venturi tube is smaller than that of the central hole of the second venturi tube.
3. A three cyclone classification cyclone according to claim 1 characterized in that: the first axial oblique cutting hole is circular, and airflow in the first axial oblique cutting hole flows to the center along the radial direction of the cyclone in the radial direction and is communicated with the airflow in the center hole of the first venturi tube.
4. A three cyclone classification cyclone according to claim 1 characterized in that: the second axial oblique cutting hole is circular, and the airflow in the second axial oblique cutting hole flows along the radial outer edge of the cyclone in the radial direction and is communicated with the airflow in the third axial oblique cutting hole.
5. A three cyclone classification cyclone according to claim 1 characterized in that: the first axial oblique cutting holes and the second axial oblique cutting holes are arranged in a crossed mode.
6. A combustion chamber provided with a triple cyclone stage swirler as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 5, comprising a flame tube head, characterized in that: the head part of the flame tube consists of a pre-combustion stage and a main combustion stage, the pre-combustion stage comprises a pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle, and an outlet of the pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle is flush with an outlet of the axial connecting piece; the main combustion stage comprises a main combustion stage direct-injection nozzle, primary atomized fuel oil sprayed by the main combustion stage direct-injection nozzle is subjected to shearing secondary atomization with air entering an evaporation pipe, the primary atomized fuel oil is further subjected to evaporation mixing in the evaporation pipe through a second axial oblique-cut hole and a third axial oblique-cut hole after the primary atomized fuel oil is evaporated and mixed in the evaporation pipe, finally the secondary atomized fuel oil is subjected to secondary mixing with air passing through relatively independent subspaces, and the mixture reaches a required equivalence ratio and enters a flame tube through an annular space outlet between a first venturi tube and a second venturi tube.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of combustion chambers, and particularly relates to a three-cyclone classification cyclone and a combustion chamber thereof.
Background
With the increasing concern of people on the environment and health, people pay more attention to various pollution sources which are harmful to the health of themselves and damage the environment and strictly control the pollution sources. Although aircraft engines and industrial gas turbines account for a small percentage of total combustion pollutant emissions, high concentrations of pollutant emissions accumulate due to their local characteristics, such as near airports and at the sites where industrial gas turbines are used. In the air, the pollutant emissions produced by various types of aircraft are the only source of high-altitude atmospheric pollutants. As a result, emissions from gas turbines, including aircraft engines and various industrial gas turbines, are increasingly more severely limited.
The standard for the emission of pollution of civil aviation gas turbines is promulgated by the international civil aviation organization. The current environmental protection activities of the international civil aviation organization are organized by the aviation environmental protection committee and currently the CAEP6 is performed, especially with increasingly stringent emission requirements for NOx.
For industrial gas turbines and marine gas turbines, due to different laws and regulations in various countries, no unified standard exists at present, and the unified standard is established according to the requirements of the countries and the regions on environmental protection. Worldwide, southern california and japan require legislation to limit NOx emissions to 9ppmv, the so-called single digit emission, due to strong public awareness of environmental protection. The emission standards in europe are generally similar to those of the united states environmental protection agency.
In order to meet the ICAO cae standards, research into low-pollution combustion technology has been conducted by various large airlines and research institutes. The GE company develops a TAPS low-pollution combustor for a GEnx engine, the Puhui company uses an RQL mode to reduce pollutant emission and develops TALON X, and the Roro company uses an LPP combustion organization mode to reduce the NOx pollution emission index in an ICAO CAEP2 standard by more than 70%. The Roro company also develops another low-pollution combustor, ANTLE, which applies LDM low-pollution combustion mode, and the experimental result shows that the NOx pollution emission is 50% lower than the current ICAO standard.
In the field of industrial gas turbines, each large gas turbine company has developed different types of low pollution combustors. A RB211-DLE industrial low-pollution combustion chamber of Roro company adopts a two-stage premixing combustion mode, the head part is a two-stage swirler, and a staged fuel nozzle is used for controlling the flame temperature in a flame tube. The emission of NOx pollutants is less than 25ppm, the emission of CO pollutants is less than 50ppm, and the fuel oil is gas-phase fuel. A TRENT industrial low-pollution combustion chamber of Roro company adopts a three-stage premixing mode, the head part is a two-stage swirler, and a graded fuel nozzle is used for controlling the flame temperature in a flame tube. The emission of NOx pollutants is less than 25ppm, the emission of CO pollutants is less than 5ppm, and the fuel oil is gas-phase fuel. The LM2500/6000 industrial low-pollution combustor of GE company has 75 double swirlers arranged in the annular combustor, and the two-stage swirlers are arranged in opposite rotating directions and three rows in radial directions. The gaseous fuel test results showed NOx pollutant emissions of less than 25ppm and CO pollutant emissions of 10 ppm.
Although the aero-engine or the ground gas turbine solves the emission requirements of the low-pollution gas turbine to different degrees, the structure and the oil supply system are complex, the weight is too high, and the three-cyclone classification cyclone and the combustion chamber thereof are provided for overcoming the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a three-cyclone classification swirler and a combustion chamber thereof, and the three-cyclone classification swirler not only can achieve the aim of reducing pollutant emission of a low-pollution combustion chamber, but also simplifies a main combustion stage oil supply system of a three-stage cyclone combustion chamber, reduces the possibility of coking of a main combustion stage fuel nozzle, and solves the problems of overhigh weight caused by the complexity of the structure and the oil supply system of the conventional engine through the special structural design and arrangement mode of the swirler.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a three-cyclone grading cyclone which comprises an axial connecting piece and a radial connecting piece, wherein an axial through hole is formed in the center of the axial connecting piece, the radial connecting piece comprises a first venturi and a second venturi which are coaxial and arranged at intervals, a plurality of groups of blades arranged in an annular array are fixedly connected in an annular space between the first venturi and the second venturi, and two ends of the plurality of groups of blades are fixedly connected with the first venturi and the second venturi and uniformly divide the annular space into a plurality of relatively independent subspaces;
the axial connecting piece and the first venturi tube are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, an axial through hole of the axial connecting piece is communicated with a center hole of the first venturi tube, multiple groups of first axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the axial through hole of the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, the first axial oblique cutting holes are communicated with the center hole of the first venturi tube, multiple groups of second axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the end face of the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, multiple groups of third axial oblique cutting holes are arranged on the periphery of the end face of the first venturi tube close to the axial connecting piece in an annular array mode, the third axial oblique cutting holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the second axial oblique cutting holes and are communicated with the second axial oblique cutting holes, and the other ends of the multiple groups of the third axial.
Further, the diameter of the axial through hole of the axial connecting piece is smaller than that of the central hole of the first venturi tube, and the diameter of the central hole of the first venturi tube is smaller than that of the central hole of the second venturi tube.
Furthermore, the first axial oblique cutting hole is circular, and the airflow in the first axial oblique cutting hole flows to the center along the radial direction of the cyclone in the radial direction and is communicated with the airflow in the center hole of the first venturi. The first axially chamfered holes have an angle of between 30 and 60 degrees and a number of between 6 and 9.
Furthermore, the second axial oblique cutting hole is circular, and the airflow in the second axial oblique cutting hole flows along the radial outer edge of the cyclone in the radial direction and is communicated with the airflow in the third axial oblique cutting hole. The second axial chamfer holes are between 30 and 60 degrees in number of 6 to 9.
Further, the first axial oblique cutting holes and the second axial oblique cutting holes are arranged in a crossed mode.
A combustion chamber provided with the three-cyclone stage cyclone as in any one of the above claims, comprising a flame tube head, wherein the flame tube head consists of a pre-combustion stage and a main combustion stage, the pre-combustion stage comprises a pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle, and an outlet of the pre-combustion stage centrifugal nozzle is flush with an outlet of an axial connecting piece; the main combustion stage comprises a main combustion stage direct-injection nozzle, primary atomized fuel oil sprayed by the main combustion stage direct-injection nozzle is subjected to shearing secondary atomization with air entering an evaporation pipe, the primary atomized fuel oil is further subjected to evaporation mixing in the evaporation pipe through a second axial oblique-cut hole and a third axial oblique-cut hole after the primary atomized fuel oil is evaporated and mixed in the evaporation pipe, finally the secondary atomized fuel oil is subjected to secondary mixing with air passing through relatively independent subspaces, and the mixture reaches a required equivalence ratio and enters a flame tube through an annular space outlet between a first venturi tube and a second venturi tube.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the three-cyclone classification swirler of the invention integrally designs the pre-combustion level inclined-cut hole type swirler, the main combustion level inclined-cut hole type swirler and the main combustion level radial swirler, and due to the special design, the pre-mixing and pre-evaporation effects of main fuel oil are realized, and the pre-combustion level centrifugal nozzle and the main combustion level direct injection nozzle can be prevented from being coked too early due to the air cooling effect of the evaporation pipe;
(2) the fuel oil system of the combustion chamber is simpler, the head of the combustion chamber is more compact, the weight of the combustion chamber is greatly reduced, and high-efficiency low-emission combustion under a wider working condition can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-cyclone stage cyclone of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another angle structure diagram of the three cyclone stage cyclone of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an axial connector configuration;
FIG. 4 is a front and rear view of the axial connector; (FIG. a shows a front view of the axial connector, and FIG. b shows a rear view of the axial connector)
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a radial connector configuration;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a radial connector;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the combustion chamber of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 7 at a.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the three-cyclone stage cyclone of the present invention integrates the pre-combustion stage inclined-cut hole type cyclone, the main combustion stage inclined-cut hole type cyclone and the main combustion stage radial cyclone, the axial connecting piece comprises an axial connecting piece 1 and a radial connecting piece 2, wherein an axial through hole 11 is formed in the center of the axial connecting piece 1, the radial connecting piece 2 comprises a
as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the axial connection member 1 and the
the periphery of the end face of the axial connecting piece 1 is provided with 8 groups of second axial
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the combustion chamber of the present invention has a three-swirl staged swirler, and further comprises a flame tube head 3, wherein the flame tube head 3 is composed of a pre-combustion stage 4 and a main combustion stage 5; the pre-combustion stage 4 and the main combustion stage 5 are assembled together in a central grading mode, the pre-combustion stage 4 is in the center, and the main combustion stage 5 is arranged on the outer side of the pre-combustion stage 4;
the pre-combustion stage 4 comprises a pre-combustion stage
the main combustion stage 5 comprises a main combustion stage direct-
Because the temperature of the air entering the flame tube 6 is high, and the combustion chamber works, the temperature of the head part 3 of the flame tube is overhigh through the modes of heat conduction, heat convection, heat radiation and the like, and fuel oil is easy to coke in each oil pipe and nozzle, the head part of the combustion chamber can well solve the problem of coking of the fuel oil at key parts through special structural design, when the pre-combustion stage 4 supplies oil and the main combustion stage 5 does not supply oil, the air passing through the
the three-cyclone classification swirler of the invention integrally designs the pre-combustion level inclined-cut hole type swirler, the main combustion level inclined-cut hole type swirler and the main combustion level radial swirler, and due to the special design, the pre-mixing and pre-evaporation effects of the main fuel are realized, the weight of the flame tube head 3 is reduced, the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the maintainability of a combustion chamber is improved; meanwhile, due to the air cooling effect of the
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