阅读说明：本技术 电磁复合火炮 (Electromagnetic composite gun ) 是由 马铁华 谢锐 张红艳 沈大伟 裴东兴 郝治玮 邓慧芳 陈昌鑫 尤文斌 张瑜 崔春 于 2020-06-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种电磁复合火炮,可满足大幅度提升弹丸发射速度的要求,同时,又能有效缓解高温环境下的轨道烧蚀问题。包括脉冲电源、炮闩、圆柱体弹丸、绝缘介质、炮管、上轨道、下轨道、绝缘介质、电枢(弹丸即电枢)、炮尾、导体环。本发明的有益成果是运用化学能加电磁能发射弹丸,使弹丸在双重推力(初始的化学推力和后续的电磁力推力)的作用下加速发射,可满足大幅度提升弹丸发射速度的要求,和圆柱体弹丸表面镀锡的方法,有效的减小了轨道由于摩擦产生的烧蚀,及炮口处由于空气击穿产生的火光和巨响,延长使用次数或寿命。(The electromagnetic composite artillery can meet the requirement of greatly increasing the projectile launching speed and can effectively relieve the problem of rail ablation in a high-temperature environment. The device comprises a pulse power supply, a breech bolt, a cylindrical projectile, an insulating medium, a breech tube, an upper rail, a lower rail, an insulating medium, an armature (the projectile is the armature), a breech and a conductor ring. The invention has the advantages that the chemical energy and the electromagnetic energy are used for launching the projectile, so that the projectile is accelerated to be launched under the action of double thrusts (initial chemical thrust and subsequent electromagnetic force thrust), the requirement of greatly improving the launching speed of the projectile can be met, and the method for plating the surface of the cylindrical projectile effectively reduces ablation caused by friction of a track and flare and loud sound caused by air breakdown at a muzzle and prolongs the service times or the service life.)

1. The electromagnetic composite artillery comprises an artillery barrel (5), an artillery bolt (2), an artillery tail (9) and projectiles (3), wherein the artillery bolt (2) provides chemical energy for launching the projectiles (3), the artillery tail (9) is connected with the artillery bolt (2) and the artillery barrel (5), the electromagnetic composite artillery is characterized by further comprising a pulse power supply (1), an upper track (6), a lower track (8) and an armature (7), the upper track (6) is installed on the inner upper portion of the anterior segment artillery barrel (5), the upper track (6) and the upper portion of the anterior segment artillery barrel (5) are separated by an insulating medium (4), the lower track (8) is installed on the inner lower portion of the anterior segment artillery barrel (5), the upper track (6), the anterior segment artillery barrel (5), the insulating medium (4) and the lower track (8) form an electromagnetic artillery barrel (11), and the armature (7) and the projectiles (3) are integrated in an armature-projectile form, the armature (7) is contacted with the upper track (6) and the lower track (8); the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply (1) are respectively connected with the upper track (6) and the lower track (8) through leads.

2. Electromagnetic composite artillery according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile (3) is surface plated with tin.

3. The electromagnetic composite artillery according to claim 2, characterized in that a conductor ring (10) is arranged at the muzzle of the electromagnetic gun barrel (11), an insulating medium is coated at the joint of the conductor ring (10) and the electromagnetic gun barrel (11), the conductor ring (10) is divided into a left semicircular ring and a right semicircular ring which are spaced apart, the upper rail (6) and the lower rail (8) are divided into a left semicircular ring and a right semicircular ring which are spaced apart, the end part of the left semicircular ring of the upper rail (6) is embedded in the left semicircular ring, the end part of the right semicircular ring of the upper rail (6) is embedded in the right semicircular ring, the end part of the left semicircular ring of the lower rail (8) is embedded in the left semicircular ring, the conductor ring (10) is made of a material with affinity to tin, and the material of the rail in the electromagnetic gun barrel (11) is made of a material with incompatibility to tin.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic emission, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic composite gun.

Background

The traditional artillery is launched by using chemical energy, has violent firepower and strong universality, but has low firing speed (generally within 1000 m/s) and is limited by the defects of the structure, and the firing range is generally only 30-40 kilometers. Different from the traditional artillery which applies gunpowder gas pressure to the projectile, the electromagnetic rail artillery accelerates the artillery by utilizing electromagnetic acting force, and can greatly improve the speed (the speed is 3000m/s and above) and the range (200-300 kilometers).

In actual combat, the damage effectiveness of the artillery is directly related to the operational effectiveness, and it is very critical to increase the firing speed of the artillery in order to improve the damage effectiveness of the artillery. For the traditional artillery, the firing speed is generally increased by increasing the barrel and the propellant powder, and the range of the speed which can be increased is limited. For electromagnetic rail guns, increasing the rail current can increase the firing rate. However, the consequence of such high currents is ablation of the track. Meanwhile, the high-power pulse power supply can provide limited track current due to the limitation of the current ultra-large current pulse energy technology. In addition, the electromagnetic orbit cannon is characterized in that a loop is formed by an orbit and a moving armature to drive a bullet to shoot, and at the moment that the bullet shoots out of a cannon muzzle, a current loop is suddenly cut off, so that the orbit generates extremely strong self-inductance instantly, air can be punctured, strong flare is generated, and the air is punctured to discharge a loud sound, so that not only is energy wasted, but also the orbit can be ablated, and the energy released by the cannon muzzle can bring serious impact to the electronic equipment of the cannon, so that the service life of the electromagnetic cannon is influenced, and great economic loss is caused. These factors have restricted the development of artillery techniques. Therefore, the novel electromagnetic composite artillery designed by the invention integrates the traditional artillery and the electromagnetic rail artillery launching technology, so that the requirement of greatly improving the projectile launching speed is met, and meanwhile, the problem of rail ablation in a high-temperature and high-current environment can be effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic composite artillery to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an electromagnetic composite artillery integrates the traditional artillery and electromagnetic rail artillery launching technologies, comprehensively utilizes chemical energy and electromagnetic energy to launch projectiles, and can meet the requirement of greatly improving the projectile launching speed. An electromagnetic composite artillery comprises an artillery barrel, an artillery bolt, an artillery tail and an armature, wherein the artillery bolt provides chemical energy for launching the artillery pellet, the artillery tail is connected with the artillery bolt and the artillery barrel, the electromagnetic composite artillery barrel also comprises a pulse power supply, an upper rail, a lower rail and an armature, the upper rail is arranged at the upper part in the front-section artillery barrel, the upper rail is separated from the upper part of the front-section artillery barrel by an insulating medium, the lower rail is arranged at the lower part in the front-section artillery barrel, the lower rail is separated from the lower part of the front-section artillery barrel by the insulating medium, the upper rail, the front-section artillery barrel, the insulating medium and the lower rail form the electromagnetic artillery; the positive and negative poles of the pulse power supply are respectively connected with the upper track and the lower track through leads.

The breechblock provides chemical energy for launching the projectiles, including bearing gas pressure during launch, including locking, firing, unlocking, unlatching, and extracting the cartridge. The breech connects the breech bolt and barrel and accommodates part of the breech bolt mechanism and component parts. The pulse power supply provides high-power super-large current pulses for the upper and lower rails and the armature, is adjustable and controllable, and is used for generating electromagnetic acting force to drive the armature and the projectile. The armature and the projectile adopt an armature-projectile integrated form, and the projectile is the armature, so that a separate armature structure is not needed. The projectile, the upper track, the lower track and the pulse power supply form a closed loop when the projectile is launched, and an electromagnetic effect is generated. The electromagnetic composite artillery uses chemical energy and electromagnetic energy to launch the projectile, so that the shooting speed of the projectile is improved. In the process of launching the projectile, the projectile in the gun barrel is pushed by using a traditional gun launching mode, so that the projectile is propelled forwards in the gun barrel under the action of chemical energy. When the projectile is discharged from the gun barrel and enters the electromagnetic gun barrel, the high-power current pulse power switch is opened, a closed passage is formed among the projectile, the upper rail, the lower rail and the pulse power supply, a strong magnetic field is generated between the projectile and the pulse power supply due to electromagnetic effect, the projectile is further subjected to forward propelling force under the action of electromagnetic field force, and the projectile in the gun barrel is accelerated and launched under the action of initial chemical thrust and subsequent armature electromagnetic force thrust until the projectile is shot out of a gun muzzle.

The surface of the bullet of the electromagnetic composite artillery is plated with tin. Because the shot can vibrate in the launching process of the electromagnetic rail gun, namely a gap exists between the shot and the rail, if the contact form of the shot and the rail is a solid-solid form, the contact resistance is large due to the existence of the gap, the heat loss is large, and the rail is seriously ablated.

The electromagnetic composite artillery comprises an electromagnetic gun barrel, wherein a conductor ring insulated from the electromagnetic gun barrel is arranged at the muzzle of the electromagnetic gun barrel, the inner side annular surface of the conductor ring is attached to the end surface of the muzzle, an insulating medium is arranged between the inner side annular surface of the conductor ring and the end surface of the muzzle, the conductor ring is divided into a left semicircular ring and a right semicircular ring which are spaced apart from each other, an upper track and a lower track are divided into a left semicircular ring and a right semicircular ring which are spaced apart from each other, the end part of the left semicircular ring of the upper track is embedded into the left semicircular ring, the end part of the right semicircular ring of the lower track is embedded into the right semicircular ring, the material of the conductor ring is a material with affinity to tin, the track is a material without affinity to tin, and the. When the traditional electromagnetic rail gun discharges the shell from the gun opening, the air is broken down by huge energy released instantly when the loop is broken, strong flare and loud sound are generated, the air is changed into a conductor, and the air conductor R is large, so that the heat loss is large. Due to the low melting point of tin, the tin attached to the projectile is in a liquid state, and the liquid tin is always attached to the projectile, so that the rail ablation is relieved. At the moment when the projectile leaves the muzzle, the tin on the projectile can be attached to the conductor rings due to the affinity of the material of the conductor rings to tin, so that gaps among the conductor rings are filled with tin, the loop is conducted for a short time, an energy release way is provided, the phenomena of flare and loud sound when the projectile leaves the muzzle are relieved, and meanwhile, the heat loss is small due to the fact that the R of the connection part of the conductor rings and the tin is small. The cannonball leaves the muzzle to act with air, the tin is gasified by the high temperature, the part of the orbit tin close to the muzzle becomes gas, and the loop is disconnected.

Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic composite artillery has the beneficial effects that the chemical energy and the electromagnetic energy are used for launching the projectile, so that the projectile is accelerated to be launched under the action of double thrusts (initial chemical energy thrust and subsequent armature electromagnetic force thrust), the requirement of greatly improving the launching speed of the projectile can be met, meanwhile, the friction and ablation of a track are effectively reduced by adopting a method of plating the surface of the projectile with tin, and the flare and loud sound caused by air breakdown are relieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic composite artillery provided by the invention, which is used for providing further understanding of the invention and forms a part of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a muzzle of an electromagnetic gun barrel.

Reference numerals: 1-a pulse power supply; 2-breechblock; 3-pill forming; 4-an insulating medium; 5-a gun barrel; 6-upper track; 7-an armature; 8-lower rail; 9-gun tail, 10-conductor ring and 11-electromagnetic gun tube.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an electromagnetic composite artillery, which combines the traditional artillery and electromagnetic rail artillery launching technologies, can meet the requirement of greatly increasing the artillery launching speed, and at the same time, can effectively alleviate the problem of rail and projectile ablation in a high temperature environment, and at the moment of projectile launching, due to the formation of a transient conductive loop, the degree of flare and air breakdown at the muzzle is reduced, and chemical energy and electromagnetic energy are comprehensively utilized to launch projectiles. The electromagnetic composite artillery device comprises a pulse power supply 1, a artillery bolt 2, a projectile 3, an insulating medium 4, an artillery tube 5, an upper rail 6, an armature 7, a lower rail 8, an artillery tail 9, a conductor ring 10 and an electromagnetic artillery tube 11. The breechblock 2 provides chemical energy for launching projectiles, including bearing gas pressure during launch, including locking, firing, unlocking, unlatching, and extracting a cartridge. The breech 9 connects the breech bolt and barrel and accommodates part of the breech bolt mechanism and component parts. The pulse power supply 1 provides high-power super-large current pulses for the upper and lower rails and the armature 7, is adjustable and controllable, and has positive and negative electrodes respectively connected with the upper rail 6 and the lower rail 8 through leads for generating electromagnetic acting force to drive the armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3. The armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3 adopt an armature-projectile integrated form (namely the armature and the projectile are fixed together) to ensure that the armature effectively transmits electromagnetic force to the projectile. The armature 7, the upper track 6, the lower track 8 and the pulse power supply 1 form a closed loop when the shot is shot, and an electromagnetic effect is generated. The upper rail 6 is arranged at the upper part in the front-section gun tube, and the upper rail 6 and the upper part of the front-section gun tube are separated by an insulating medium 4. The lower rail 8 is arranged at the lower part of the front-section gun barrel, and the lower rail 8 and the lower part of the front-section gun barrel are separated by an insulating medium 4. The upper track 6, the front section gun barrel, the insulating medium 4 and the lower track 8 form an electromagnetic gun barrel 11. The conductor ring 10 is arranged in the projectile discharging opening of the electromagnetic gun barrel 11 and used for generating a conductive loop, so that the energy loss of the projectile at the moment of ejection is reduced, and the problem of rail ablation is solved. The surface of the cylindrical projectile 3 is plated with tin, and when the projectile is launched, on one hand, tin reacts with air to form tin oxide which is used as a solid lubricant for sliding of the projectile. On the one hand, the tin is melted due to strong high temperature and friction on the inner wall of the artillery, and the melted tin is filled between the track and the shot, so that the contact resistance is reduced, and the high-temperature ablation of the track is relieved. The back section of the gun barrel of the electromagnetic composite gun is a traditional gun barrel 5, and the front section is an electromagnetic gun barrel 11.

Specifically, the specific implementation manner of the invention is as follows:

the chemical energy and the electromagnetic energy are used for launching the projectile, so that the projectile shooting speed is improved. In the process of launching the projectile, firstly, the armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3 in the gun barrel are pushed by using a traditional gun launching mode, so that the armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3 are pushed forwards in the gun barrel under the action of chemical energy. The high-power current pulse power switch is opened, a closed path is formed among the armature 7, the upper rail, the lower rail and the pulse power supply, a strong magnetic field is generated between the armature 7 and the pulse power supply due to the electromagnetic effect, the armature 7 is further subjected to forward propelling force under the action of the electromagnetic field force, and the cylindrical projectile 3 in the cannon barrel is accelerated to be shot under the action of initial chemical thrust and continuous armature electromagnetic force thrust until the projectile is shot out of the cannon muzzle.

When the projectile is launched, on one hand, tin plated on the surface of the projectile reacts with air to form tin oxide which is used as a solid lubricant for forward sliding of the projectile so as to reduce resistance of the projectile during forward propulsion acceleration and friction of a track. On the other hand, the strong high temperature and friction action of the inner wall of the artillery can melt the tin plated on the surface of the shot and cover the surface of the track, so that the tin is used as a supplement for track ablation caused by large current. When the armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3 move to the muzzle, the tin melted by the strong high temperature and the friction action of the inner wall of the artillery is quickly adhered to the conductor ring to form a closed loop, and at the moment that the armature 7 and the cylindrical projectile 3 are ejected out of the muzzle together, the phenomena of strong self-inductance and air breakdown caused by the disconnection of the closed loop after the armature is ejected are avoided, and the problem of tube ablation is solved.

Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic composite artillery has the beneficial effects that the chemical energy and the electromagnetic energy are used for launching the projectile, so that the projectile is accelerated to be launched under the action of double thrusts (initial chemical thrust and continuous armature electromagnetic force thrust), the requirement of greatly improving the launching speed of the artillery can be met, and meanwhile, the problems of friction and ablation of a track, tube ablation caused by air breakdown and energy loss of the tail end at the muzzle are effectively reduced by plating the conductor ring at the inner wall of the muzzle outlet of the projectile of the gun barrel and plating the surface of the cylindrical projectile 3 with tin.