阅读说明：本技术 步进电机驱动器及应用 (Stepping motor driver and application ) 是由 何伟斌 何风云 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种步进电机驱动器、电机及应用,其特征在于功率桥输出电路的上桥臂在快速续流期间关闭；所驱动的步进电机,各相绕组之间有一个公共的连接点,该连接点与电源的正极连接；所述功率桥输出电路的上、下桥臂功率管为场效应管,上述的两场效应管的D极相连接,所述上桥臂功率管场效应管的S极与二极管的正极连接,所述二极管的负极与电源正极连接；具有快速续流吸收电路,所述的快速续流吸收电路具有过电压释放电路；具有快速续流吸收电阻,所述快速续流吸收电阻的一端连接电源的正极,另一端与快速续流二极管的负极连接,所述快速续流二极管的正极与相绕组连接。(The invention discloses a stepping motor driver, a motor and application, which are characterized in that an upper bridge arm of a power bridge output circuit is closed during a rapid follow current period; the step motor is driven, a common connection point is arranged between every two phase windings, and the connection point is connected with the positive pole of a power supply; the power bridge comprises a power bridge output circuit, a power bridge, a diode, a power supply and a power supply, wherein an upper bridge arm power tube and a lower bridge arm power tube of the power bridge output circuit are field effect tubes, D poles of the two field effect tubes are connected, an S pole of the upper bridge arm power tube field effect tube is connected with an anode of the diode, and a cathode of the diode is connected with an anode of the power supply; the device comprises a rapid follow current absorption circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a control circuit, wherein the rapid follow current absorption circuit is provided with an overvoltage release circuit; the fast follow current absorption resistor is provided, one end of the fast follow current absorption resistor is connected with the anode of a power supply, the other end of the fast follow current absorption resistor is connected with the cathode of a fast follow current diode, and the anode of the fast follow current diode is connected with the phase winding.)

1. A stepping motor driver comprises a power supply filter capacitor, a single chip microcomputer and a power bridge output circuit, and is characterized in that the power bridge output circuit is correspondingly and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer through a power tube driving circuit, and an upper bridge arm of the power bridge output circuit is closed during a rapid follow current period.

2. The stepper motor driver as defined in claim 1, wherein the stepper motor is driven with a common connection point between the phase windings, the connection point being connected to a positive pole of the power source.

3. The stepping motor driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower arm power transistors of the power bridge output circuit are field effect transistors, D-poles of the two field effect transistors are connected, S-pole of the upper arm power transistor is connected to the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the anode of the power supply.

4. The stepping motor driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fast freewheel absorbing circuit has an overvoltage relieving circuit.

5. The stepping motor driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein an anode of said fast freewheel absorbing circuit is connected to a cathode of a fast freewheel diode, an anode of said fast freewheel diode is connected to said phase winding, and a cathode of said fast freewheel absorbing circuit is connected to an anode of said power supply.

6. The stepping motor driver as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fast freewheel absorbing resistor has one end connected to an anode of a power supply and the other end connected to a cathode of a fast freewheel diode, the anode of said fast freewheel diode being connected to the phase winding.

7. Stepper motor having a stepper motor driver according to any of the claims 1-6, characterized in that said stepper motor is electrically connected to said stepper motor driver.

8. An automated device having a stepper motor as defined in claim 7, wherein said stepper motor is mounted on said automated device.

9. Household or industrial appliance or drone provided with a stepping motor according to claim 7, characterised in that said motor is connected to the household or industrial appliance or drone.

10. A vehicle having a stepper motor as defined in claim 7, having a battery, wheels, steering means, braking means, lighting means, speed adjustment means, said means being mounted directly or indirectly on the frame.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of stepping motor drivers, in particular to a driver of a reaction type stepping motor and provided with a common connection point, and relates to the technical invention in the application field of the reaction type stepping motor.

Background

In the current constant-current chopping driving technology of the reaction type stepping motor, each phase of winding generally has two outgoing lines, the outgoing lines are more, the cost is increased greatly, on a wire cutting machine tool, a mode of leading out common contact points of all phases is adopted, the stepping motor is generally driven by a dual-power mode or a resistance current-limiting mode, and in the mode, the power consumption is high, the moment is small during high-speed rotation, the stepping motor is easy to lose steps and the like, and the mechanical transmission noise is high. In the existing chopping driver circuit, chopping driving or constant-current chopping driving cannot be realized for a stepping motor with a common contact.

Summarizing in the existing stepping motor driving technology, the defects of low motor efficiency, small torque, easy desynchronization, resonance of the motor and a machine tool and the like generally exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems that the reaction type stepping motor has low efficiency, small torque, easy step loss, resonance between the motor and a machine tool and the like.

The invention provides a stable reaction type stepping motor chopping driver, and therefore the invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems: the stepping motor driver comprises a power supply filter capacitor, a single chip microcomputer and a power bridge output circuit, and is characterized in that the power bridge output circuit is correspondingly and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer through a power tube driving circuit, and an upper bridge arm of the power bridge output circuit is closed during a rapid follow current period; the stepping motor is characterized in that a common connection point is arranged between every two phase windings of the driven stepping motor, and the connection point is connected with the positive pole of a power supply; the power bridge comprises a power bridge output circuit, a power bridge, a diode, a power supply and a power supply, wherein an upper bridge arm power tube and a lower bridge arm power tube of the power bridge output circuit are field effect tubes, D poles of the two field effect tubes are connected, an S pole of the upper bridge arm power tube field effect tube is connected with an anode of the diode, and a cathode of the diode is connected with an anode of the power supply; the device comprises a rapid follow current absorption circuit, a voltage detection circuit and a control circuit, wherein the rapid follow current absorption circuit is provided with an overvoltage release circuit; the anode of the rapid follow current absorption circuit is connected with the cathode of a rapid follow current diode, the anode of the rapid follow current diode is connected with the phase winding, and the cathode of the rapid follow current absorption circuit is connected with the anode of a power supply; the fast follow current absorption resistor is provided, one end of the fast follow current absorption resistor is connected with the anode of a power supply, the other end of the fast follow current absorption resistor is connected with the cathode of a fast follow current diode, and the anode of the fast follow current diode is connected with the phase winding; the stepping motor is provided with the stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor is electrically connected with the stepping motor driver; the automatic equipment with the stepping motor is characterized in that the stepping motor is arranged on the automatic equipment; the stepping motor is connected with the household appliance or the industrial appliance or the unmanned aerial vehicle; the vehicle with the stepping motor is provided with a storage battery, wheels, a steering device, a brake device, a lighting device and a speed adjusting device, wherein all the devices are directly or indirectly arranged on a frame.

The stepping motor driver is suitable for driving two-phase, three-phase, four-phase and five-phase motors, and the driving reaction type stepping motor has the advantages of high efficiency, large torque, high speed, difficulty in step loss and no resonance between the motor and a machine tool, and thoroughly solves the problems in the prior art.

Drawings

The details of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the five-phase stepper motor driving principle of the circuit of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The stepping motor driver comprises a power supply filter capacitor E2, a single chip microcomputer, and a power bridge output circuit

M1, M2 and D1 form an A-phase drive circuit, D10 is an M1 built-in diode, D7 is an M2 built-in diode, M3, M4 and D3 form a B-phase drive circuit, D4 is an M3 built-in diode, D8 is an M4 built-in diode, M5, M6 and D5 form a C-phase drive circuit, D12 is an M5 built-in diode, D9 is an M6 built-in diode, M7, M8 and D13 form a D-phase drive circuit, D13 is an M7 built-in diode, D14 is an M8 built-in diode, M9, M10 and D15 form an E-phase drive circuit, D20 is an M9 built-in diode, D18 is an M10 built-in diode, field effect transistors are adopted by power tubes, G pins of upper and lower power tubes of each phase are respectively connected with the power tube drive circuit correspondingly, the power tube is electrically connected with the corresponding bridge arm drive circuit, and the step motor is electrically connected with the output bridge circuit, a common connection point is arranged among the windings LA, LB, LC, LD and LE of each phase, and the connection point is connected with the positive pole + VM of a power supply; (phase A is taken as an example in the following description) the power tubes of the upper and lower bridge arms of the power bridge output circuit are M1 and M2 field effect tubes, the D poles of the two field effect tubes M1 and M2 are connected, the upper bridge arm consists of M1 and D1 and is responsible for slow follow current, the S pole of the field effect tube M1 of the upper bridge arm is connected with the anode of a slow follow current diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of a power supply + VM; e1, D2, D4, D6, D14 and D16 form a rapid follow current absorption circuit, an over-voltage release circuit consists of R3, R4, R2, R5, R8, R6, R7, R9, P1, N1 and L1A, when the voltage of + VMH is less than + VM twice, L1A is opened, the base of N1 is grounded, N1 and P1 are in a closed state, when the voltage of + VMH is more than + VM twice, L1A is closed, N1 obtains base bias current to be conducted, the P1 tube is conducted, the electric quantity on the capacitor E1 is discharged through R3, the voltage value on the capacitor E1 is equivalent to + VM, the voltage value on the capacitor E1 is increased, and the time of rapid follow current can be reduced; the positive electrode + VMH with the fast follow current absorption circuit is connected with the negative electrode of a fast follow current diode D2, the positive electrode of the fast follow current diode D2 is connected with the phase winding LA, and the negative electrode of E1 of the fast follow current absorption circuit is connected with the positive electrode + VM of the power supply; the high-speed follow current circuit breaker is provided with a high-speed follow current absorption resistor, E1 is replaced by a resistor, one end of the high-speed follow current absorption resistor is connected with the positive electrode + VM of a power supply, the other end of the high-speed follow current absorption resistor is connected with the negative electrode of a high-speed follow current diode D2, and the positive electrode of the high-speed follow current diode D2 is connected with a phase winding LA; the stepping motor is provided with the stepping motor driver, and the stepping motor is electrically connected with the stepping motor driver; the automatic equipment with the stepping motor is characterized in that the stepping motor is arranged on the automatic equipment; the stepping motor is connected with the household appliance or the industrial appliance or the unmanned aerial vehicle; the vehicle with the stepping motor is provided with a storage battery, wheels, a steering device, a brake device, a lighting device and a speed adjusting device, wherein all the devices are directly or indirectly arranged on a frame.

When the phase A is electrified, a G pole on M2 has a PWM chopping signal, M1 and M2 can be conducted complementarily, when the PWM is high level, M2 is conducted, M1 is cut off, a power supply + VM forms current on LA through a winding, M2 and R1 to a ground wire, when the PWM is low level, M2 is closed, M1 is conducted, slow-continuous current generated on LA flows through M1, D1 to + VM and then returns to the winding, and a closed loop is formed for continuous current.

When the phase is changed, the phase A is disconnected, the magnetic energy of the LA winding is quickly reduced to need quick follow current to be released, M1 and M2 are closed, the follow current in the winding flows through D2, the anode of a capacitor E1, the cathode of the capacitor E1, reaches + VM and returns to the winding, the voltage on the capacitor is equal to the voltage of a power supply, the magnetic energy in the LA winding is quickly absorbed, and the process is called quick follow current.

The operating principle of the five-phase stepping motor drive is introduced above, and the LA, LB, and LC are connected to the three-phase stepping motor driver, and the LA, LB, LC, and LD are connected to the four-phase stepping motor driver.

Those skilled in the art can implement the N-phase stepping motor driver according to the same principles of the above embodiments.