阅读说明：本技术 一种自加热焦油催化裂解炉 (Self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace ) 是由 肖孟辉 于 2020-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了焦油中温催化裂解技术领域的一种自加热焦油中温催化裂解炉,包括：裂解炉组件；换热管组件；顶盖组件,所述换热管组件安装在所述裂解炉组件的内腔；所述换热管组件的两端贯穿所述裂解炉组件的外壁；顶盖组件,所述顶盖组件安装在所述裂解炉组件的顶部,所述裂解炉组件包括：炉体、进气口、加料口、卸料口、观察窗,所述进气口安装在所述炉体的外壁上；所述加料口安装在所述炉体的外壁上；所述卸料口安装在所述炉体的外壁上；所述观察窗安装在所述炉体的外壁上,本发明能够利用原始来气温加热,通过利用原始温平衡焦油催化裂解所需的反应热以及调控焦油催化裂解的反应温度。(The invention discloses a self-heating tar medium-temperature catalytic cracking furnace in the technical field of tar medium-temperature catalytic cracking, which comprises: a pyrolysis furnace assembly; a heat exchange tube assembly; the top cover component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cracking furnace component; two ends of the heat exchange tube assembly penetrate through the outer wall of the cracking furnace assembly; a top cap assembly mounted at the top of the furnace assembly, the furnace assembly comprising: the furnace comprises a furnace body, an air inlet, a feeding opening, a discharging opening and an observation window, wherein the air inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body; the charging opening is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body; the discharge opening is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body; the observation window is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, the furnace can be heated by utilizing the original incoming temperature, the reaction heat required by tar catalytic cracking is balanced by utilizing the original temperature, and the reaction temperature of tar catalytic cracking is regulated and controlled.)

1. A self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the cracking furnace assembly (100), wherein the cracking furnace assembly (100) comprises a furnace body (110), an air inlet (120), a feeding opening (130), a discharging opening (140) and an observation opening (150);

the heat exchange tube assembly (200) is mounted in the inner cavity of the cracking furnace assembly (100), and two ends of the heat exchange tube assembly (200) penetrate through the outer wall of the cracking furnace assembly (100);

a top cap assembly (300), the top cap assembly (300) being mounted on top of the furnace assembly (100).

2. The self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas inlet (120) is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (110), the charging opening (130) and the gas inlet (120) are arranged on the same side, the discharge opening (140) is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (110), the discharge opening (140) is arranged on the side far away from the gas inlet (120), the observation window (150) is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (110), and the observation window (150) is arranged between the gas inlet (120) and the discharge opening (140).

3. The self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: the furnace body (110) is a cylinder or a cube.

4. The self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat exchange tube assembly (200) comprises:

the heat exchange tube comprises a heat exchange tube body (210), wherein the heat exchange tube body (210) is a spiral tube or a plurality of linear tubes;

a heating air inlet (220), wherein the heating air inlet (220) is arranged at one end of the heat exchange tube body (210);

a heating air outlet (230), wherein the heating air outlet (230) is arranged at the other end of the heat exchange pipe body (210), and the heating air outlet (230) is arranged at the upper end of the heating air inlet (220).

5. The self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cross section of the heat exchange tube body (210) is circular or square.

6. The self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: the cap assembly (300) comprises:

a cap body (310);

an air outlet (320), the air outlet (320) being installed at the top of the top cover body (310).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tar catalytic cracking, in particular to a self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace.

Background

The biomass gas is some combustible gases generated by pyrolysis or gasification decomposition of biological substances at high temperature by using crop straws, forest waste, edible fungus residues and other substances containing the biological substances as raw materials. The combustible gas comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide and a small amount of low molecular hydrocarbon, and the other components comprise nitrogen, carbon dioxide, moisture, tar, particulate matters and the like. The biomass is pyrolyzed or gasified to generate crude fuel gas which can be comprehensively utilized after being purified.

The biomass gasification gas contains 5% -15% of tar, the existence of the tar not only reduces the gasification efficiency, but also seriously influences the stable operation of a gas system by the condensation of the tar at low temperature. Meanwhile, a large amount of tar sewage is generated in the gas purification process, and the environment is polluted. The method for reducing the tar produced in the gasification process is to add a catalyst besides improving the operation temperature. The tar generated by biomass gasification is catalytically cracked by using the catalyst, so that the components of the terminal fuel gas are greatly changed.

Catalytic cracking of tar is an endothermic reaction, and it is extremely important to maintain the cracking temperature. The use of external electrical or gas heating, although a solution to the problem, is energy consuming and dangerous, and the equipment is cumbersome and inconvenient to operate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace, which aims to solve the problems that the tar catalytic cracking proposed in the background technology is an endothermic reaction, the cracking temperature is extremely important to maintain, and the problems can be solved by external electric heating or gas heating, but the energy consumption is high, the equipment is heavy and the operation is inconvenient.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace, comprising:

the cracking furnace component comprises a furnace body, an air inlet, a feed inlet, a discharge port and an observation port;

the heat exchange tube component is arranged in the inner cavity of the cracking furnace component, and two ends of the heat exchange tube component penetrate through the outer wall of the cracking furnace component;

a top cap assembly mounted at the top of the furnace assembly.

Preferably, the cracking furnace assembly comprises:

a furnace body;

the air inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body;

the charging opening is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body, and the charging opening and the air inlet are arranged on the same side;

the discharge opening is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body and is arranged on one side far away from the air inlet;

the observation window is arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body and is arranged between the air inlet and the discharge opening.

Preferably, the furnace body is a cylinder or a cube.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube assembly comprises:

a heat exchange tube body;

the heating air inlet is arranged at one end of the heat exchange tube body;

and the heating air outlet is arranged at the other end of the heat exchange tube body, and the heating air outlet is arranged at the upper end of the heating air inlet.

Preferably, the cross section of the heat exchange tube body is circular or square.

Preferably, the cap assembly comprises:

a top cover body;

and the air outlet is arranged at the top of the top cover body.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can utilize the original temperature to add the catalyst to remove the tar in the biomass gasification process, balance the reaction heat required by the catalytic cracking of the tar and regulate and control the reaction temperature of the catalytic cracking of the tar by utilizing the original temperature, an outer cavity of an air inlet is connected with a furnace body, the air inlet is connected with one end of the furnace body through a pipeline and a biomass gasification gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace is input into an inner cavity of the furnace body through the pipeline and the air inlet, the outer cavity of a feed inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body, the catalyst is added into the inner cavity of the furnace body through the feed inlet, the condition of the catalyst is determined through an observation window, a heating air inlet is connected with one end of the furnace body through the pipeline and the biomass gasification furnace, the high temperature in the biomass gasification furnace is led into a heat exchange pipe body through the pipeline and, the tar in the biomass gasified gas is catalytically cracked, the heating gas outlet is connected with the biomass furnace through a pipeline with one end of the furnace body, the gas after heat exchange of the heating gas outlet flows back to an oxidation area of the biomass gasification furnace through the pipeline, the high-temperature gas in the biomass gasification furnace is recycled, and the biomass gasified gas after catalytic cracking is discharged through the gas outlet to the next process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cracking furnace assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heat exchange tube assembly of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the top cover assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 100 cracking furnace components, 110 furnace bodies, 120 air inlets, 130 feed inlets, 140 discharge outlets, 150 observation windows, 200 heat exchange tube components, 210 heat exchange tube bodies, 220 heating air inlets, 230 heating air outlets, 300 top cover components, 310 top cover bodies and 320 air outlets.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a self-heating tar catalytic cracking furnace, which can remove tar in a biomass gasification process by using an original temperature, is beneficial to catalytic cracking of the tar by balancing reaction heat required by the catalytic cracking of the tar by using the original temperature and regulating and controlling the reaction temperature of the catalytic cracking of the tar, and please refer to fig. 1, which comprises the following steps: a cracking furnace assembly 100, a heat exchange tube assembly 200 and a cap assembly 300;

referring to fig. 1-2, a cracking furnace assembly 100 includes:

the furnace body 110 is a cylinder or a cube;

the gas inlet 120 is welded at the bottom of the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the outer cavity of the gas inlet 120 is connected with the furnace body 110, the gas inlet 120 is connected with the biomass furnace at one end of the furnace body 110 through a pipeline, and biomass gasification gas generated by the biomass furnace is input into the inner cavity of the furnace body 110 through the pipeline and the gas inlet 120 for catalytic cracking;

the feed inlet 130 is welded on the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the feed inlet 130 is on the same side as the air inlet 120, the feed inlet 130 is arranged at the upper end of the air inlet 120, the inner cavity of the feed inlet 130 is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body 110, the feed inlet 130 is connected with the furnace body 110 by welding, and the catalyst is added into the inner cavity of the furnace body 110 through the feed inlet 130;

the discharge port 140 is welded at the bottom of the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the discharge port 140 is arranged at one side far away from the air inlet 120, the discharge port 140 is arranged at the upper end of the air inlet 120, the inner cavity of the discharge port 140 is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body 110, the discharge port 140 and the furnace body 110 are welded and connected together, and the catalyst in the furnace body 110 is taken out through the discharge port 140;

the observation window 150 is installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 110 through bolts, the observation window 150 is arranged between the air inlet 120 and the discharge port 140, the observation window 150 is made of transparent toughened glass, the inner cavity of the furnace body 110 can be observed through the observation window 150, the height of the observation window 150 is consistent with that of the discharge port 140, and the condition of the catalyst is determined through the observation window 150;

referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the heat exchange tube assembly 200 is installed in an inner cavity of the cracking furnace assembly 100, both ends of the heat exchange tube assembly 200 penetrate through an outer wall of the cracking furnace assembly 100, and the heat exchange tube assembly 200 includes:

the heat exchange tube body 210 is hung in the middle of the inner cavity of the furnace body 110, the cross section of the heat exchange tube body 210 is circular or square, and the heat exchange tube body 210 is a 304 stainless steel tube;

the heating air inlet 220 is arranged at one end of the heat exchange tube body 210, the heating air inlet 220 and the heat exchange tube body 210 are integrally processed, the heating air inlet 220 is welded on the wall of the furnace body 110, the heating air inlet 220 penetrates through the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the heating air inlet 220 corresponds to the observation window 150, the height of the heating air inlet 220 is between the air inlet 120 and the discharge port 140, the heating air inlet 220 and one end of the furnace body 110 are connected with the biomass furnace through a pipeline, high temperature in the biomass furnace is led into an inner cavity of the heat exchange tube body 210 through the pipeline and the heating air inlet 220, heat exchange is carried out on biomass gasification gas led in by the air inlet 120 and a catalyst through the heat exchange tube body 210, and tar;

the heating gas outlet 230 is arranged at the other end of the heat exchange tube body 210, the heating gas outlet 230 and the heat exchange tube body 210 are integrally processed, the heating gas outlet 230 is welded on the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the heating gas outlet 230 penetrates through the outer wall of the furnace body 110, the heating gas outlet 230 is arranged at the upper end of the feed inlet 130, the heating gas outlet 230 and one end of the furnace body 110 are connected with the biomass furnace through a pipeline, gas after heat exchange flows back to the biomass gasification furnace through the pipeline and the heating gas outlet 230, high-temperature gas in the biomass gasification furnace is recycled, and the temperature of the furnace body 110 is kept;

referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, a top cap assembly 300 is mounted on the top of the cracking furnace assembly 100, the top cap assembly 300 including:

the top cover body 310 is welded on the top of the furnace body 110, and the inner cavity of the top cover body 310 is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body 110;

the gas outlet 320 is welded in the middle of the top cover body 310, the inner cavity of the gas outlet 320 is communicated with the inner cavity of the top cover body 310, the biomass gasification gas after catalytic cracking is discharged through the gas outlet 320 to go to the next process, or a plurality of groups of furnace bodies 110 can be connected in series to perform catalytic cracking on the biomass gasification gas for a plurality of times.

While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used in any combination, provided that there is no structural conflict, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and conservation of resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.